Air chamber support full-sequence machining clamp and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tool clamps, in particular to an air chamber support full-sequence machining clamp and a using method, and the air chamber support full-sequence machining clamp comprises a fixed support, a rotating support rotationally connected with the fixed support and a positioning mechanism enabling the rotating support to be fixed to a certain position relative to the fixed support. According to the method, coordinates of all to-be-machined holes after the air chamber support rotates around a fixed shaft are measured on a digital model, and then surface milling and hole milling of all hole positions of the air chamber support are completed at a time on a lathe bed type milling machine through a clamp capable of changing the positions of workpieces. The clamp is easy to operate and low in cost, all machining can be completed only through a conventional milling machine and one-time clamping, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tooling fixtures, and in particular to a full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a bracket for installing the automobile air chamber, the air chamber bracket is increasingly being modified in an intensive manner to reduce the number of automobile components and the weight of the entire vehicle, with the requirements of energy conservation, environmental protection and the new national standard. This makes some automobile components more and more complex, including the air chamber bracket.

[0003] The air chamber bracket is usually produced by casting, and then after simple mechanical processing, it is installed in the axle, brake mechanism and other positions. During mechanical processing, drilling is mainly used, because there are a large number of holes and they are located at different angles. Therefore, in actual processing, there are mainly two ways: one is to use a four-axis machine tool, which is clamped and processed in one time. However, due to the high processing accuracy of the four-axis machine tool, the production efficiency is very low. For the drilling of air chamber brackets that do not require high precision, it is somewhat wasteful and delays production efficiency; the other method uses conventional machine tools. According to the different surfaces where the holes to be processed in the air chamber bracket are located, different fixtures are set up, and the assembly line is processed on different machine tools. This method requires repeated clamping of the workpiece, which is not only labor-consuming and time-consuming, but also has position requirements between the holes on the surfaces at different angles. Repeated clamping will cause large processing errors. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket and a method of use. Only one set of fixtures can be used on an ordinary machine tool, and all holes on different surfaces of the air chamber bracket can be processed in one clamping, which is highly efficient and can ensure accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket, comprising a fixed bracket, a rotating bracket rotatably connected to the fixed bracket, and a positioning mechanism that fixes the rotating bracket at a certain position relative to the fixed bracket; the fixed bracket comprises a fixed base plate fixed to a machine tool worktable, and a wall panel is respectively arranged at both ends of the fixed base plate; the rotating bracket comprises a rotating base plate, and a rotating shaft is respectively extended outwardly in the middle of the two end side surfaces of the rotating base plate, and the two rotating shafts are coaxial, and the rotating base plate is rotatably connected to the wall panel through the rotating shaft, and the two end side surfaces of the rotating base plate are respectively provided with a pin hole on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the wall panel on each side is provided with a corresponding pin hole on the side. There are three groups of positioning holes for fixing the rotating base plate at three different positions; the positioning mechanism includes the positioning hole and the positioning pin that can be inserted into the pin hole and the positioning hole at the same time; the rotating bracket also includes two parallel support plates arranged in the middle of the rotating base plate, a mounting plate is arranged between the middle parts of the two support plates, a centering cylinder is arranged on the mounting plate, a cone pin with a small top and a large bottom is fixed to the front end of the piston rod of the centering cylinder, a connecting plate is arranged between one end of the two support plates, the connecting plate is slidably connected to a correction push plate through a guide column, and a screw rod for driving the correction push plate forward and backward is threadedly connected, and the rotating base plate is provided with a clamping cylinder on both sides of the support plate, and a clamping plate is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder. The center line of the two pin holes on the same side of the rotating base plate intersects with the plane of the rotating shaft axis and is parallel to the plate surface of the rotating base plate.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the support plate forms an angle with the rotating bottom plate, and the angle enables the wing plate of the air chamber bracket to be perpendicular to the rotating bottom plate after the air chamber bracket is clamped. In this way, the interference of the rotating bottom plate with the tool can be reduced when processing the hole on the wing plate of the air chamber bracket.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning pin is clearance-fitted with both the positioning hole and the pin hole.

[0008] Preferably, the cone pin can be inserted into the center hole in the center of the bottom plate of the air chamber support, the top end of the cone pin is smaller than the diameter of the center hole, and the bottom end of the cone pin is larger than the diameter of the center hole.

[0009] Preferably, the surface hardness of the cone pin is greater than the hardness of the metal around the center hole, the surface roughness of the cone pin is less than 3.2 μm, and the angle between the generatrix of the cone pin and the axis is less than 5°.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating bottom plate is provided with a mounting seat whose top is parallel to the top of the supporting plate, and the clamping cylinder is fixed to the mounting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping cylinder is an angle cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a rectangular hole penetrating from top to bottom is provided in the middle of the correction push plate, and the rectangular hole is connected to one side of the correction push plate through a U-shaped groove, and a stepped shaft that can be inserted into the rectangular hole is provided at the front end of the screw.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating base plate is provided with air passages for supplying air to the centering cylinder and the pressing cylinder respectively, the two air passages are not connected, and the inlets of the two air passages respectively penetrate the two rotating shafts and are coaxial with the rotating shafts.

[0014] Preferably, the method of using the air chamber bracket full sequence processing fixture is as follows: Step 1: Drill a center hole from the center of the bottom surface of the air chamber bracket bottom plate to the bottom plate; Step 2, assemble the fixture and the air chamber bracket digital model on the computer. During assembly, the cone pin is inserted into the center hole of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket, the correction push plate contacts the long side of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket, and a coordinate system is established with the rotation axis as the X-axis, the cone pin as the Z-axis, and the intersection of the rotation axis and the cone pin as the origin; Step 3, rotating the rotating bracket to make the air chamber bracket be located at four positions: the bottom plate is horizontal, the ear plate is rotated to the left and horizontal, the ear plate is rotated to the right and horizontal, and the wing plate is horizontal, and measuring and recording the coordinates of the six holes on the bottom plate, the two holes on the ear plate and the four holes on the wing plate at the four positions respectively; Step 4, fix the fixture to the workbench of the bed-type milling machine, and then fix the air chamber bracket to the fixture, and use the taper pin and the correction push plate to center the air chamber bracket before fixing the air chamber bracket; Step 5: rotate the rotating bracket so that the air chamber bracket is in the four positions of step 3 in sequence, and fix it with the positioning mechanism, then move the workbench according to the coordinates recorded in step 3 so that the hole to be processed is located directly under the milling cutter to complete the processing of the air chamber bracket.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket and a method of using the same, which includes a fixed bracket, a rotating bracket rotatably connected to the fixed bracket, and a positioning mechanism that fixes the rotating bracket at a certain position relative to the fixed bracket; the present invention first measures the coordinates of each hole to be processed after the air chamber bracket rotates around a fixed axis on a digital model, and then uses a fixture that can change the position of the workpiece on a bed-type milling machine to complete the milling of all holes of the air chamber bracket at one time. The present invention is simple to operate, the fixture cost is low, and all processing can be completed by clamping once using a conventional milling machine, which greatly reduces production costs and improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the air chamber support after processing of the present invention; Figure 2It is a stereogram of the first position of the clamp of the present invention when processing the air chamber bracket in full sequence; Figure 3 It is a left-view cross-sectional view of the first position when the clamp of the present invention processes the air chamber bracket in full sequence; Figure 4 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the second position of the clamp of the present invention when processing the air chamber bracket in full sequence; Figure 5 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the third position of the clamp of the present invention when processing the air chamber bracket in full sequence; Figure 6 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the fourth position of the clamp of the present invention when processing the air chamber bracket in full sequence; Figure 7 It is a layout diagram of the airway arranged on the rotating base plate.

[0017] Description of reference numerals: 1——fixed bracket, 101——fixed base plate, 102——wall plate, 2——rotating bracket, 201——rotating base plate, 201a——pin hole, 202——rotating shaft, 203——support plate, 204——mounting plate, 205——centering cylinder, 206——taper pin, 207——connecting plate, 208——correction push plate, 209——screw, 210——mounting seat, 211——pressing cylinder, 212——pressing plate, 3——positioning mechanism, 301——positioning hole, 302——positioning pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the implementation scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the air chamber bracket processed in this embodiment includes a base plate, two ear plates perpendicular to the base plate, and wing plates respectively extending outward from the two ear plates, and the angle between the wing plate and the base plate is 70°; the parts that need to be processed are: six holes distributed in a rectangular shape on the base plate and the upper surface of the holes, the two holes at the top of the two ear plates and the end surfaces on both sides of the two holes, the four holes on the two wing plates and the end surfaces of the four holes facing the base plate; the air chamber bracket is a casting, and the above-mentioned holes to be processed are cast with sufficient processing allowance during casting.

[0020] The fixture for processing the air chamber bracket in the whole sequence of this embodiment is as follows Figure 2As shown, it includes a fixed bracket 1, a rotating bracket 2 rotatably connected to the fixed bracket 1, and a positioning mechanism 3 for fixing the rotating bracket 2 at a certain position relative to the fixed bracket 1; the fixed bracket 1 includes a fixed base plate 101 fixed to the machine tool worktable, and a wall panel 102 is provided at each end of the fixed base plate 101; the rotating bracket 2 includes a rotating base plate 201, and a rotating shaft 202 is extended outward from the middle of the two end sides of the rotating base plate 201, and is rotatably connected to the wall panel 102 by the rotating shaft 202, and the two end sides of the rotating base plate 201 are respectively provided with a pin hole 201a on both sides of the rotating shaft 202, and the wall panel 102 is provided with three groups of positioning holes 301 corresponding to the two pin holes 201a on each side to fix the rotating base plate 201 at three different positions; the positioning mechanism 3 includes the positioning hole 301 and the positioning pin 302 that can be inserted into the pin hole 201a and the positioning hole 301 at the same time; the rotating bracket 2 also includes two parallel support plates 203 arranged in the middle of the rotating base plate 201, a mounting plate 204 is arranged between the middle parts of the two support plates 203, the mounting plate 204 is provided with a centering cylinder 205, the front end of the piston rod of the centering cylinder 205 is fixed with a cone pin 206 with a small upper part and a large lower part, a connecting plate 207 is arranged between one end of the two support plates 204, the connecting plate 207 is slidably connected with a correction push plate 208 through a guide column, and is threadedly connected with a screw 209 for driving the correction push plate 208 to move forward and backward, and the rotating base plate 201 is provided with a clamping cylinder 211 on both sides of the support plate 207, and a clamping plate 212 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder 211.

[0021] It can be seen from the above-mentioned clamp structure that the fixed bracket 1 is fixed to the machine tool worktable, and the air chamber bracket is fixed to the rotating bracket 2 and can rotate with the rotating bracket 2, so that the plane where the holes to be processed of the air chamber bracket are located can be adjusted to a horizontal position, thereby achieving the processing of all hole positions by clamping once.

[0022] Because the air chamber bracket is required to be clamped once to process all holes and surfaces, all parts to be processed need a unified reference; and the air chamber bracket needs to be rotated during processing so that the axis of the hole to be processed is located in the vertical direction, so that the workbench is moved so that the hole to be processed is located directly below the milling cutter. Therefore, in this embodiment, the coordinates of each hole to be processed at the corresponding position relative to the unified reference are first determined on the computer digital model, so as to obtain the displacement size of the translation workbench during processing. The specific steps are as follows: first, drill a center hole from the center of the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket to the bottom plate; then, assemble the fixture and the air chamber bracket digital model on the computer. During assembly, the tapered pin 206 is inserted into the center hole, and the correction push plate 208 contacts the long side of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket. A coordinate system is established with the rotating axis 202 as the X-axis, the tapered pin 206 as the Z-axis, and the intersection of the rotating axis 202 and the tapered pin 206 as the origin; the coordinate system is a unified reference coordinate, and the coordinate system does not move when the workpiece rotates with the fixture; furthermore, rotate the rotating bracket 2 to make the air chamber bracket located at four positions: the bottom plate is horizontal, the ear plate is horizontal when it rotates to the left, the ear plate is horizontal when it rotates to the right, and the wing plate is horizontal, and measure and record the coordinates of the six holes on the bottom plate, the two holes on the ear plate, and the four holes on the wing plate at the four positions.

[0023] When clamping the air chamber bracket, the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket is placed flat on the top of the support plate 203, and the center hole on the bottom plate is inserted into the cone pin 206, and then the centering cylinder 205 drives the cone pin 206 to push up, which is conducive to the inclined surface of the cone pin 206 to squeeze the surrounding wall of the center hole, so that the air chamber bracket is centered; then the screw 209 is screwed to make the correction push plate 208 push the side of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket, so that the longer side of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket is parallel to the X-axis, and finally the clamping cylinder 211 drives the pressing plate 212 to rotate 90° and move downward, so that the pressing plate 212 contacts the top of the ear plate, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing the air chamber bracket. Among them, the centering cylinder 205 and the clamping cylinder 211 are both single-acting cylinders.

[0024] In order to facilitate the installation of the pressing cylinder 211 , the rotating base plate 201 is provided with a mounting seat 210 whose top is parallel to the top of the support plate 203 , and the pressing cylinder 211 is fixed to the top of the mounting seat 210 .

[0025] In order to improve the ability of the cone pin 206 to push the air chamber bracket and quickly align the positioning, the cone pin 206 is a truncated cone with a small upper part and a large lower part, and the angle between the generatrix of the cone pin 206 and the axis is less than 5°; in addition, the surface hardness of the cone pin 206 is greater than the hardness of the metal around the center hole, and the surface roughness of the cone pin 206 is less than 3.2μm. In order to improve the wear resistance of the cone pin 206 and minimize the upward force on the air chamber bracket, this embodiment adopts chrome plating on the surface of the cone pin 206.

[0026] The air chamber bracket has three holes on different angles that need to be processed, and the holes on the ear plate need to be milled on both sides of the end surface. Therefore, when processing the air chamber bracket in this embodiment, it is necessary to use a fixture to convert the air chamber bracket to four positions, namely Figure 2 , 3 The air chamber bracket base is shown in a horizontal position. Figure 4 The ear plate shown is rotated to the left to the horizontal position. Figure 5 The ear plate shown is rotated to the right to the horizontal position. Figure 6 The wing plate shown is in a horizontal position with one side facing the bottom plate upward; as can be seen from the figure, Figure 2 , 3 is the initial position, Figure 4 and Figure 5 relatively Figure 2 Turn 90° to the left or right, Figure 6 relatively Figure 2 After the fixture is rotated to the corresponding position, four positioning pins 302 are inserted into the positioning holes 301 and the pin holes 201a to position and fix the rotating bracket 2. Finally, at each position, a milling cutter is used to mill holes and surfaces, which will not be described in detail.

[0027] Because the rotating bracket 2 needs to rotate multiple times and the cylinder also rotates synchronously, in order to prevent the pipeline supplying air to the cylinder from interfering or damaging the air supply pipeline when the bracket rotates, this embodiment provides independent air passages inside the rotating base plate 201 to supply air to the centering cylinder 205 and the pressing cylinder 211, and the inlets of the two independent air passages pass through the rotating shaft 202 respectively and are coaxial with the rotating shaft 202. Figure 7 shown.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and for the convenience of describing the technical solution, the front, back, left, right, top, middle, bottom and other directions are set based on the drawings, rather than limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed bracket, a rotating bracket rotatably connected with the fixed bracket, and a positioning mechanism for fixing the rotating bracket at a certain position relative to the fixed bracket; the fixed bracket comprises a fixed base plate fixed to a machine tool worktable, and a wall panel is respectively arranged at both ends of the fixed base plate; the rotating bracket comprises a rotating base plate, and a rotating shaft is respectively extended outwardly from the middle of the two end side surfaces of the rotating base plate, and the two rotating shafts are coaxial, and the rotating base plate is rotatably connected with the wall panel through the rotating shaft, and the two end side surfaces of the rotating base plate are respectively arranged with a pin hole on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the wall panel on each side is arranged with three groups of corresponding pin holes on the side so that the rotating base plate is fixed at three Positioning holes at different positions; the positioning mechanism includes the positioning hole and a positioning pin that can be inserted into the pin hole and the positioning hole at the same time; the rotating bracket also includes two parallel support plates arranged in the middle of the rotating base plate, a mounting plate is arranged between the middle parts of the two support plates, the mounting plate is provided with a centering cylinder, a tapered pin with a small upper part and a large lower part is fixed to the front end of the piston rod of the centering cylinder, a connecting plate is arranged between one end of the two support plates, the connecting plate is slidably connected with a correction push plate through a guide column, and a screw rod that drives the correction push plate forward and backward is threadedly connected, and the rotating base plate is provided with a clamping cylinder on each side of the support plate, and a pressure plate is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder.

2. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the support plate forms an angle with the rotating bottom plate, and the angle enables the wing plate of the air chamber bracket to be perpendicular to the rotating bottom plate after the air chamber bracket is clamped.

3. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning pin is clearance-matched with both the positioning hole and the pin hole.

4. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cone pin can be inserted into the center hole in the center of the bottom plate of the air chamber support, the top end of the cone pin is smaller than the diameter of the center hole, and the bottom end of the cone pin is larger than the diameter of the center hole.

5. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface hardness of the cone pin is greater than the hardness of the metal around the center hole, the surface roughness of the cone pin is less than 3.2 μm, and the angle between the generatrix of the cone pin and the axis is less than 5°.

6. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating bottom plate is provided with a mounting seat whose top is parallel to the top of the supporting plate, and the pressing cylinder is fixed to the mounting seat.

7. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressing cylinder is an angle cylinder.

8. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rectangular hole is provided in the middle of the correction push plate and passes through it from top to bottom, and the rectangular hole is connected with one side of the correction push plate through a U-shaped groove, and a stepped shaft which can be inserted into the rectangular hole is provided at the front end of the screw.

9. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating base plate is provided with air passages for supplying air to the centering cylinder and the pressing cylinder respectively, the two air passages are not connected, and the inlets of the two air passages respectively penetrate the two rotating shafts and are coaxial with the rotating shafts.

10. The full-sequence processing fixture for an air chamber bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using the fixture to process the air chamber bracket is: Step 1: Drill a center hole from the center of the bottom surface of the air chamber bracket bottom plate to the bottom plate; Step 2, assemble the fixture and the air chamber bracket digital model on the computer. During assembly, the cone pin is inserted into the center hole of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket, the correction push plate contacts the long side of the bottom plate of the air chamber bracket, and a coordinate system is established with the rotation axis as the X-axis, the cone pin as the Z-axis, and the intersection of the rotation axis and the cone pin as the origin; Step 3, rotating the rotating bracket to make the air chamber bracket be located at four positions: the bottom plate is horizontal, the ear plate is rotated to the left and horizontal, the ear plate is rotated to the right and horizontal, and the wing plate is horizontal, and measuring and recording the coordinates of the six holes on the bottom plate, the two holes on the ear plate and the four holes on the wing plate at the four positions respectively; Step 4, fix the fixture to the workbench of the bed-type milling machine, and then fix the air chamber bracket to the fixture, and use the taper pin and the correction push plate to center the air chamber bracket before fixing the air chamber bracket; Step 5: rotate the rotating bracket so that the air chamber bracket is in the four positions of step 3 in sequence, and fix it with the positioning mechanism, then move the workbench according to the coordinates recorded in step 3 so that the hole to be processed is located directly under the milling cutter to complete the processing of the air chamber bracket.

Images