High-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy, and belongs to the technical field of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy sections. The high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer which is arranged on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained through cold spraying and hole sealing treatment. The aluminum alloy plate comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.1%-0.25% of Zr, 0.1%-0.15% of V, 0.1%-0.45% of Mn, 0.1%-0.25% of Zn, 0.1%-0.3% of Cr, 0.015%-0.035% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.0001% of Na and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. According to the preparation method, the aluminum alloy section with high strength, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance is prepared by combining component design, heat treatment process improvement, Al-V alloy cold spraying treatment and hole sealing treatment on the aluminum alloy plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profiles, and in particular relates to a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy. Background Art

[0002] The anodized film of aluminum alloy has the advantages of high hardness, good insulation, excellent corrosion resistance, strong bonding, etc., and has been widely used in the construction industry, aerospace industry, transportation industry and many high-tech fields. Aluminum is widely used because of its low density and high specific strength. With the large-scale use of aluminum, the failure of aluminum and its alloy products due to defects such as low surface hardness and poor corrosion and wear resistance has become an important part of industrial development that cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is urgent to design a super corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy composite material. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy, comprising an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment;

[0005] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements by mass fraction: Zr: 0.1% to 0.25%, V: 0.1% to 0.15%, Mn: 0.1% to 0.45%, Zn: 0.1% to 0.25%, Cr: 0.1% to 0.3%, Ti: 0.015% to 0.035%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities;

[0006] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) preparing the alloy ingot according to the formula of the aluminum alloy plate, melting, refining and casting;

[0008] (2) subjecting the alloy ingot to homogenization heat treatment, and then sequentially subjecting it to preheating, hot rolling, solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy plate;

[0009] (3) The aluminum alloy plate is subjected to surface pretreatment, followed by cold spraying and pore sealing to obtain a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy.

[0010] The present invention reduces the Na content in the aluminum alloy plate to ≤0.0001% by regulating the element types and contents of the aluminum alloy plate and optimizing homogenization heat treatment, heating, hot rolling, solution treatment and aging treatment, thereby improving the casting performance of the aluminum alloy and avoiding an increase in the tendency of cracking during casting due to an increase in the Na content.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the homogenization heat treatment is 450-475°C and the time is 24 hours.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hot rolling temperature is 400-460°C, the hot rolling is performed for 18 passes, the thickness of the aluminum alloy billet after hot rolling is 5-45 mm, and the deformation of the aluminum alloy billet after hot rolling is 85%-90%.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the solution treatment is 465-485°C, and the time is 3-5h; the temperature of the aging treatment is 160-190°C, and the time is 12-18h.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface pretreatment specifically includes: sandblasting the aluminum alloy plate using a 20-40 μm aluminum oxide medium, and the sandblasting is mainly for improving the adhesion between the substrate and the coating.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the cold spraying process, the nozzle spacing distance is 12.7 mm, the grating speed is 40 mm / s, the line spacing is 1-3 mm, the feed rate is 2.0-4.1 g / m, the carrier gas is nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, and the heating temperature is 400-425°C.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed powder for the cold spraying treatment is Al-V alloy powder, and the atomic proportion of V in the Al-V alloy powder is 5at%; before the cold spraying treatment, the Al-5at%V alloy powder is maintained at 100°C for 8-10 hours.

[0017] Al-V alloys show excellent corrosion resistance, strength and elastic modulus. In addition, Al-V alloys show corrosion potentials similar to commercial aluminum alloys. When Al-V alloys are used in coatings, they can minimize the galvanic interaction between the coating and the substrate. In addition, since Al-V alloys are in a metastable state, they maintain a high solid solubility and grain refinement in the cold spray coating, resulting in a highly corrosion-resistant coating. During corrosion, the Al-V alloy coating acts as the anode of the substrate, and the corrosion of the coating releases V and Al ions. The released V ions can inhibit the corrosion of the coating / substrate interface. At the same time, the Al-V alloy coating is the anode for the aluminum alloy sheet, allowing the coating to continue to protect the substrate in the event of cracks or defects.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two cold spraying processes are performed in step (3).

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the impregnation solution for the sealing treatment includes 100 parts by weight of water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.5 to 0.8 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nanotitanium powder and 0.25 to 0.5 parts by weight of KMnO4.

[0020] Adding Ce(NO3)3 to the impregnation solution of the present invention to perform pore sealing treatment on the high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy can improve the corrosion resistance of the coating.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing treatment temperature is 30°C, the time is 5-7h, the drying temperature is 55-65°C, and the thickness of the protective layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate after the sealing treatment is 20-30μm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention designs the composition of the substrate, improves the heat treatment process, combines Al-V alloy cold spraying treatment and sealing treatment, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy profile with high strength, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0026] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.15%, V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.35%, Zn: 0.2%, Cr: 0.2%, Ti: 0.03%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0027] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0028] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Ti, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 350mm.

[0029] (2) The alloy ingot was homogenized at 450°C for 24 h, then preheated at 400°C for 5 h, and repeatedly rolled at 450°C for 18 times, with a deformation of 90% and a billet thickness of 35 mm; then solution treated at 465°C for 3 h; finally, the alloy sample after solution was artificially aged at 160°C for 12 h to obtain an aluminum alloy plate.

[0030] (3) Al-5at%V alloy powder was synthesized using steel balls and a ball jar in a planetary ball mill. The volume ratio of steel balls to Al and V powders was maintained at 14:1. The jar was placed in a glove box, 1.5wt% stearic acid was added, and high-speed ball milling was performed at a speed of 300r / min for 35h, with a 30-minute pause after every 1 hour of grinding.

[0031] (4) The Al-5at%V alloy powder was sandblasted using 40 μm alumina media and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 8 hours.

[0032] (5) The aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was cold sandblasted, with a nozzle spacing of 12.7 mm, a grating speed of 40 mm / s, a line spacing of 1 mm, a feed rate of 2.1 g / m, a carrier gas of nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, a heating temperature of 400 °C, and two consecutive sprayings.

[0033] (6) 1000 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.5 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-titanium powder and 0.25 parts by weight of KMnO4 were mixed together to prepare an impregnation solution. The impregnation temperature was 50°C, the impregnation time was 6 hours, the drying temperature was 55°C, and the drying time was 15 hours. The protective layer thickness of the aluminum alloy plate finally obtained was 20 μm.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0036] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.1%, V: 0.15%, Mn: 0.45%, Zn: 0.25%, Cr: 0.1%, Ti: 0.015%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0037] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0038] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Ti, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 300mm.

[0039] (2) The alloy ingot was subjected to homogenization heat treatment at 475°C for 24 h, and then preheated at 400°C for 4 h, and repeatedly rolled at 400°C for 18 times, with a deformation of 85% and a billet thickness of 45 mm; followed by solid solution treatment at 485°C for 4 h; finally, the alloy sample after solid solution was subjected to artificial aging heat treatment at a temperature of 180°C for 16 h to obtain an aluminum alloy plate.

[0040] (3) Al-5at%V alloy powder was synthesized using steel balls and a ball jar in a planetary ball mill. The volume ratio of steel balls to Al and V powders was maintained at 14:1. The jar was placed in a glove box, 1.5wt% stearic acid was added, and high-speed ball milling was performed at a speed of 310r / min for 38h, with a 30-minute pause every 1 hour of grinding.

[0041] (4) The Al-5at%V alloy powder was sandblasted using 30 μm alumina media and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 9 hours.

[0042] (5) The aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was cold sandblasted, with a nozzle spacing of 12.7 mm, a grating speed of 40 mm / s, a line spacing of 3 mm, a feed rate of 3.8 g / m, a carrier gas of nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, a heating temperature of 420°C, and two consecutive sprayings.

[0043] (6) 1000 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.6 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-titanium powder and 0.3 parts by weight of KMnO4 were mixed together to prepare an impregnation solution. The impregnation temperature was 50°C, the impregnation time was 7 hours, the drying temperature was 50°C, and the drying time was 18 hours. The thickness of the protective layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate finally obtained was 25 μm.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0046] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.25%, V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.1%, Zn: 0.1%, Cr: 0.3%, Ti: 0.035%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0047] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0048] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Ti, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 300mm.

[0049] (2) The alloy ingot was subjected to homogenization heat treatment at 465°C for 24 hours, and then preheated at 425°C for 4 hours, and repeatedly rolled at 400-460°C for 18 times with a deformation of 85%; then solution treated at 475°C for 5 hours; finally, the alloy sample after solution was subjected to artificial aging heat treatment at a temperature of 190°C for 18 hours to obtain an aluminum alloy plate.

[0050] (3) Al-5at%V alloy powder was synthesized using steel balls and a ball jar in a planetary ball mill. The volume ratio of steel balls to Al and V powders was maintained at 14:1. The jar was placed in a glove box, 1.5wt% stearic acid was added, and high-speed ball milling was performed at a speed of 290r / min for 40h, with a 30-minute pause after every 1 hour of grinding.

[0051] (4) The Al-5at%V alloy powder was sandblasted using 35 μm alumina media and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 10 hours.

[0052] (5) The aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was cold sandblasted, with a nozzle spacing of 12.7 mm, a grating speed of 40 mm / s, a line spacing of 2 mm, a feed rate of 4.1 g / m, a carrier gas of nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, a heating temperature of 425°C, and two consecutive sprayings.

[0053] (6) 1000 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.8 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-titanium powder and 0.5 parts by weight of KMnO4 were mixed together to prepare an impregnation solution. The impregnation temperature was 50°C, the impregnation time was 5 hours, the drying temperature was 52°C, and the drying time was 23 hours. The protective layer thickness of the aluminum alloy sheet finally obtained was 30 μm.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] The only difference between the preparation method of a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy described in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy plate is not subjected to cold spraying treatment, specifically:

[0056] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0057] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.15%, V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.35%, Zn: 0.2%, Cr: 0.2%, Ti: 0.03%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0058] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0059] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Ti, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 350mm.

[0060] (2) The alloy ingot was homogenized at 450°C for 24 h, then preheated at 375°C for 6 h, and rolled repeatedly at 450°C for 18 times, with a deformation of 90% and a billet thickness of 35 mm; then solution treated at 465°C for 3 h; finally, the alloy sample after solution was artificially aged at 160°C for 12 h to obtain an aluminum alloy plate.

[0061] (4) Sandblasting was performed using 40 μm alumina media.

[0062] (5) 1000 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.5 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-titanium powder and 0.25 parts by weight of KMnO4 were mixed together to prepare an impregnation solution. The impregnation temperature of the aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was 50°C, the impregnation time was 6 hours, the drying temperature was 55°C, and the drying time was 15 hours. The protective layer thickness of the aluminum alloy plate surface finally obtained was 20 μm.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The only difference between the preparation method of a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy described in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy plate is not subjected to solid solution and aging treatment, specifically:

[0065] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate through cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0066] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.15%, V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.35%, Zn: 0.2%, Cr: 0.2%, Ti: 0.03%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0067] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0068] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Ti, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 350mm.

[0069] (2) The alloy ingot was subjected to homogenization heat treatment at 450°C for 24 hours, and then preheated at 375°C for 6 hours, and repeatedly rolled at 450°C for 18 times, with a deformation of 90% and a billet thickness of 35 mm;

[0070] (3) Al-5at%V alloy powder was synthesized using steel balls and a ball jar in a planetary ball mill. The volume ratio of steel balls to Al and V powders was maintained at 14:1. The jar was placed in a glove box, 1.5wt% stearic acid was added, and high-speed ball milling was performed at a speed of 300r / min for 35h, with a 30-minute pause after every 1 hour of grinding.

[0071] (4) The Al-5at%V alloy powder was sandblasted using 40 μm alumina media and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 8 hours.

[0072] (5) The aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was cold sandblasted, with a nozzle spacing of 12.7 mm, a grating speed of 40 mm / s, a line spacing of 1 mm, a feed rate of 2.1 g / m, a carrier gas of nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, a heating temperature of 400 °C, and two consecutive sprayings.

[0073] (6) 1000 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.5 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-titanium powder and 0.25 parts by weight of KMnO4 were mixed together to prepare an impregnation solution. The impregnation temperature was 50°C, the impregnation time was 6 hours, the drying temperature was 55°C, and the drying time was 15 hours. The protective layer thickness of the aluminum alloy plate finally obtained was 20 μm.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] The only difference between the preparation method of a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy described in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy plate does not contain Zr, Cr, and Ti, specifically:

[0076] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0077] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.35%, Zn: 0.2%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0078] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0079] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 350mm.

[0080] (2) The alloy ingot was homogenized at 450°C for 24 h, then preheated at 375°C for 6 h, and rolled repeatedly at 450°C for 18 times, with a deformation of 90% and a billet thickness of 35 mm; then solution treated at 465°C for 3 h; finally, the alloy sample after solution was artificially aged at 160°C for 12 h to obtain an aluminum alloy plate.

[0081] (3) Al-5at%V alloy powder was synthesized using steel balls and a ball jar in a planetary ball mill. The volume ratio of steel balls to Al and V powders was maintained at 14:1. The jar was placed in a glove box, 1.5wt% stearic acid was added, and high-speed ball milling was performed at a speed of 300r / min for 35h, with a 30-minute pause after every 1 hour of grinding.

[0082] (4) The Al-5at%V alloy powder was sandblasted using 40 μm alumina media and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 8 hours.

[0083] (5) The aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was cold sandblasted, with a nozzle spacing of 12.7 mm, a grating speed of 40 mm / s, a line spacing of 1 mm, a feed rate of 2.1 g / m, a carrier gas of nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, a heating temperature of 400 °C, and two consecutive sprayings.

[0084] (6) 1000 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.5 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-titanium powder and 0.25 parts by weight of KMnO4 were mixed together to prepare an impregnation solution. The impregnation temperature was 50°C, the impregnation time was 6 hours, the drying temperature was 55°C, and the drying time was 15 hours. The protective layer thickness of the aluminum alloy plate finally obtained was 20 μm.

[0085] Comparative Example 4

[0086] The only difference between the preparation method of a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy described in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is that the sample is not subjected to pore sealing treatment, specifically:

[0087] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0088] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.15%, V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.35%, Zn: 0.2%, Cr: 0.2%, Ti: 0.03%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0089] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0090] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Ti, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 350mm.

[0091] (2) The alloy ingot was homogenized at 450°C for 24 h, then preheated at 375°C for 6 h, and rolled repeatedly at 450°C for 18 times, with a deformation of 90% and a billet thickness of 35 mm; then solution treated at 465°C for 3 h; finally, the alloy sample after solution was artificially aged at 160°C for 12 h to obtain an aluminum alloy plate.

[0092] (3) Al-5at%V alloy powder was synthesized using steel balls and a ball jar in a planetary ball mill. The volume ratio of steel balls to Al and V powders was maintained at 14:1. The jar was placed in a glove box, 1.5wt% stearic acid was added, and high-speed ball milling was performed at a speed of 300r / min for 35h, with a 30-minute pause after every 1 hour of grinding.

[0093] (4) The Al-5at%V alloy powder was sandblasted using 40 μm alumina media and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 8 hours.

[0094] (5) The aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was cold sandblasted, with a nozzle spacing of 12.7 mm, a grating speed of 40 mm / s, a line spacing of 1 mm, a feed rate of 2.1 g / m, a carrier gas of nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, a heating temperature of 400 °C, and two consecutive sprayings. The thickness of the protective layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate was finally 20 μm.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] The only difference between the preparation method of a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy described in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is that hot rolling is replaced by cold rolling, specifically:

[0097] A high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy comprises an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and obtained by cold spraying and sealing treatment.

[0098] The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.15%, V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.35%, Zn: 0.2%, Cr: 0.2%, Ti: 0.03%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0099] The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0100] (1) According to the aluminum alloy plate formula, high-purity aluminum, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Ti, Al-V alloy, manganese powder and high-purity Zn particles are mixed, smelted and refined, and then the casting temperature is 750°C, the casting speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 0.15Mpa, and the water temperature is ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 350mm.

[0101] (2) The alloy ingot was homogenized at 450°C for 24 h, then preheated at 375°C for 6 h, and rolled repeatedly at 450°C for 18 times, with a deformation of 90% and a billet thickness of 35 mm; then solution treated at 465°C for 3 h; finally, the alloy sample after solution was artificially aged at 160°C for 12 h to obtain an aluminum alloy plate.

[0102] (3) Al-5at%V alloy powder was synthesized using steel balls and a ball jar in a planetary ball mill. The volume ratio of steel balls to Al and V powders was maintained at 14:1. The jar was placed in a glove box, 1.5wt% stearic acid was added, and high-speed ball milling was performed at a speed of 300r / min for 35h, with a 30-minute pause after every 1 hour of grinding.

[0103] (4) The Al-5at%V alloy powder was sandblasted using 40 μm alumina media and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 8 hours.

[0104] (5) The aluminum alloy plate after sandblasting was cold sandblasted, with a nozzle spacing of 12.7 mm, a grating speed of 40 mm / s, a line spacing of 1 mm, a feed rate of 2.1 g / m, a carrier gas of nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, a heating temperature of 400 °C, and two consecutive sprayings.

[0105] (6) 1000 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.5 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-titanium powder and 0.25 parts by weight of KMnO4 were mixed together to prepare an impregnation solution. The impregnation temperature was 50°C, the impregnation time was 6 hours, the drying temperature was 55°C, and the drying time was 15 hours. The protective layer thickness of the aluminum alloy plate finally obtained was 20 μm.

[0106] Comparative Example 6

[0107] An aluminum alloy plate comprises the following elements in mass fractions: Zr: 0.15%, V: 0.1%, Mn: 0.35%, Zn: 0.2%, Cr: 0.2%, Ti: 0.03%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and inevitable impurities.

[0108] The preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate comprises the following steps: mixing, smelting and refining according to the formula of the aluminum alloy plate, and then performing the process according to the conditions of casting temperature of 750°C, casting speed of 45mm / min, water pressure of 0.15Mpa and water temperature ≤30°C to obtain a flat alloy ingot with a thickness of 350mm, and cutting samples from the ingot.

[0109] Effect example 1: Corrosion resistance test

[0110] Test method (1): The Tafel curve of the sample was tested using an electrochemical workstation.

[0111] Test conditions: A three-electrode system is used, the auxiliary electrode is a platinum electrode, the reference electrode is a saturated calomel electrode, the sample to be tested is used as the research electrode, and the test medium is a 3% NaCl aqueous solution. The test temperature is carried out at room temperature, and the self-corrosion potential E0 (V) and the self-corrosion current I0 (A / cm 2). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0112] Test method (2): The aluminum alloy materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention were prepared into test samples, and their corrosion resistance and mechanical properties were further tested according to the national standard GB / T6892-2006. The test result codes and grades of the samples were visually evaluated according to Table 3. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0113] Table 1

[0114] Sample No. <![CDATA[E0(V)]]> <![CDATA[I0(A / cm 2 )]]> Example 1 -1.152 <![CDATA[6.254×10 -7 ]]> Example 2 -1.073 <![CDATA[2.543×10 -8 ]]> Example 3 -0.978 <![CDATA[1.368×10 -9 ]]> Comparative Example 1 -1.665 <![CDATA[6.223×10 -5 ]]> Comparative Example 2 -1.921 <![CDATA[8.296×10 -6 ]]> Comparative Example 3 -1.533 <![CDATA[7.384×10 -6 ]]> Comparative Example 4 -2.878 <![CDATA[3.492×10 -4 ]]> Comparative Example 5 -1.287 <![CDATA[3.196×10 -7 ]]> Comparative Example 6 -1.837 <![CDATA[5.098×10 -3 ]]>

[0115] Table 2

[0116] Sample No. Corrosion level Tensile strength / MPa Example 1 P 318.72 Example 2 P 332.9 Example 3 P 325.8 Comparative Example 1 EB 267.8 Comparative Example 2 EA 249.4 Comparative Example 3 EB 263.2 Comparative Example 4 EB 286.7 Comparative Example 5 EB 266.6 Comparative Example 6 EC 226.4

[0117] Effect example 2: Wear resistance test

[0118] Test method: MRH-2 high-speed ring-block wear tester is used.

[0119] Test conditions: room temperature, relative humidity 50%, speed 200r / min, load 100N, friction for 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours, and then the self-corrosion potential E0 (V) and self-corrosion current I0 (A / cm 2 ) test, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0120] Table 4

[0121] Sample No. <![CDATA[E0(V)]]> <![CDATA[I0(A / cm 2 )]]> Friction coefficient Example 1 (2h) -1.261 <![CDATA[9.843X10 -7 ]]> 0.31 Example 1 (4h) -1.913 <![CDATA[3.246X10 -6 ]]> 0.34 Example 1 (6h) -3.338 <![CDATA[9.346X10 -5 ]]> 0.46 Comparative Example 4 (2h) -1.915 <![CDATA[1.143X10 -5 ]]> 0.49 Comparative Example 4 (4h) -2.031 <![CDATA[1.993X10 -5 ]]> 0.55 Comparative Example 4 (6h) -3.294 <![CDATA[8.612X10 -4 ]]> 0.78

[0122] According to Table 1-3, the corrosion potential of Examples 1-3 is higher than that of Comparative Examples 1-6, and the corrosion current is lower than that of Comparative Examples 1-6. At the same time, the corrosion performance is also good, and the tensile strength is much higher than that of Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0123] According to the comparison between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, it can be seen that the surface of the high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy in Comparative Example 1 is severely corroded due to the lack of cold spraying treatment. Cold spraying treatment is crucial to corrosion resistance, corrosion resistance and tensile strength improvement.

[0124] According to Comparative Example 2 compared with Example 1, since the aluminum alloy plate has not undergone solid solution and aging treatment, the precipitation phase in the aluminum alloy is unevenly distributed, the crystal structure cannot be improved, and the strength and corrosion resistance are significantly reduced.

[0125] According to Comparative Example 3 and Example 1, the aluminum alloy plate does not contain Zr, Cr, and Ti elements, and its tensile strength, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance are significantly reduced.

[0126] According to Comparative Example 4 and Example 1, it can be seen that Comparative Example 4 has not undergone sealing treatment, and its tensile strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance are significantly reduced. Especially when conducting stability tests, it can be seen that after long-term friction, the anodized films formed on the substrate surfaces of Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 have been worn. Since Example 1 has undergone sealing treatment, although the composite structure layer is basically damaged after 6 hours of wear, its corrosion resistance is still better than that of the untreated one.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy, characterized in that: It includes an aluminum alloy plate and a protective layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate through cold spraying and sealing treatment; The aluminum alloy plate includes the following elements by mass fraction: Zr: 0.1% to 0.25%, V: 0.1% to 0.15%, Mn: 0.1% to 0.45%, Zn: 0.1% to 0.25%, Cr: 0.1% to 0.3%, Ti: 0.015% to 0.035%, Na≤0.0001%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities; The method for preparing the high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: (1) preparing the alloy ingot according to the formula of the aluminum alloy plate, melting, refining and casting; (2) subjecting the alloy ingot to homogenization heat treatment, and then sequentially subjecting it to preheating, hot rolling, solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy plate; (3) The aluminum alloy plate is subjected to surface pretreatment, followed by cold spraying and pore sealing to obtain a high-performance corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy.

2. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The homogenization heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 450-475° C. for 24 hours.

3. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot rolling temperature is 400-460° C., the hot rolling is performed for 18 times in total, and the deformation amount of the aluminum alloy billet after hot rolling is 85%-90%.

4. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the solution treatment is 465-485° C., and the time is 3-5 hours; the temperature of the aging treatment is 160-190° C., and the time is 12-18 hours.

5. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface pretreatment specifically includes: using 20-40 μm alumina medium to perform sandblasting on the aluminum alloy plate.

6. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the cold spraying process, the nozzle spacing distance is 12.7 mm, the grating speed is 40 mm / s, the line spacing is 1-3 mm, the feed rate is 2.0-4.1 g / m, the carrier gas is nitrogen, pressurized to 1.65 MPa, and the heating temperature is 400-425°C.

7. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed powder for the cold spraying treatment is Al-V alloy powder, in which the atomic proportion of V is 5at%; before the cold spraying treatment, the Al-5at%V alloy powder is kept at 100°C for 8-10 hours.

8. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step (3), two cold spraying processes are performed.

9. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The impregnation solution for the sealing treatment includes 100 parts by weight of water, 0.5 parts by weight of Ce(NO3)3, 0.5 to 0.8 parts by weight of nanographene, 0.5 parts by weight of nanotitanium powder and 0.25 to 0.5 parts by weight of KMnO4.

10. The high performance corrosion resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing treatment is performed at a temperature of 30°C, for a time of 5 to 7 hours, and at a drying temperature of 55 to 65°C.