Wet steaming dyeing process for cotton fabric
Through the wet-evaporation dyeing process of cotton fabrics, the pretreatment of alkaline and softening solutions, combined with composite color fixing liquids such as polyvinyl alcohol, the problems of poor coloring effect and difficulty in sewage treatment in multi-component fiber dyeing are solved, and the problem of poor coloring effect and difficulty in sewage treatment is achieved. The efficient and continuous cotton fabric dyeing process improves dyeing efficiency and product performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411470490.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing cotton fabric dyeing process has problems such as poor coloring effect, difficult wastewater treatment and low production efficiency in multi-component fiber dyeing. Especially the impregnation and dyeing method cannot achieve continuous production. When using acid dyes, the rolling and dyeing method is used. The color effect is poor, the process is complex, and the area covers a large area.
Wet-evaporation dyeing process of cotton fabrics, including the pretreatment stage, using alkaline solution to remove impurities and softening solutions to improve softness and dye permeability, followed by polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, thickener The composite color fixing liquid composed of anti-precipitant is dyed and fixed, and the dyeing effect is improved through steam treatment.
It improves the uniformity of the coloring, dyeing depth and wear resistance of cotton fabrics, simplifies the process flow, reduces the difficulty of sewage treatment, realizes continuous production, and significantly improves the dyeing efficiency and product performance.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fabric dyeing, and in particular to a wet-steam dyeing process for cotton fabrics. Background Art
[0002] Many popular fabrics on the market are blended and interwoven fabrics of chemical fiber and cellulose fiber. This fabric combines the advantages of both fibers, and its application in daily life even exceeds that of single fiber. In recent years, cotton brocade fabric is a popular high-value-added fabric on the market. It has antistatic, high strength, glittering luster and other properties. The dyeing problem of fabrics is a stumbling block for the wider application of multi-component fibers in daily life. Especially in recent years, the country has higher requirements for sewage discharge and energy consumption in the textile industry. However, the difficulty of dyeing multi-component fibers is greater than that of single fiber fabrics, so more auxiliaries are used, which increases the difficulty of later water treatment.
[0003] At present, both dip dyeing and pad dyeing are in use. In dip dyeing, active and neutral dyes are used. The two dyes are fixed to different fibers under their own appropriate conditions. During the dyeing process, a large amount of auxiliaries need to be added to the dye bath, the heating rate needs to be controlled, and the order of adding materials needs to be adjusted. In the pad dyeing process, acid dyes were initially used to dye double fibers. In order to improve the coloring effect of cotton fabrics, the dyeing method of dip dyeing was borrowed, double dyes were used, and the fixing solution was dipped multiple times; subsequently, in order to simplify the process and save labor, factories now mostly use the method of padding and then stacking dyeing. The breakthrough of pad dyeing has enabled the dyeing of cotton and brocade fabrics to achieve continuous production. In order to optimize the dyeing effect, the process has been continuously improved to the current stacking. However, this process requires a lot of time and floor space. In other words, dip dyeing: cannot be produced continuously. During dip dyeing, the cloth is placed in the dye vat. When two dyes are used for dyeing, changing the dye liquor or changing the dye vat is a more troublesome operation. The replaced dye liquor needs to be treated for sewage, which not only wastes resources but also increases the difficulty of sewage treatment. Pad dyeing: The advantage of pad dyeing is that it can achieve continuous production. When dyed with acid dyes, the coloring effect of cotton fabrics is poor. After improving the pad dyeing process based on immersion dyeing, two dyes are still required for dyeing; the pile dyeing method used to simplify the process has extended the time required for dyeing. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to improve the coloring effect of cotton fabrics, the present application provides a cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process.
[0005] The present application provides a cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process, which adopts the following technical scheme: A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process comprises the following steps: Pretreatment: first immerse the cotton fabric in an alkaline solution, then take it out and wash it, then put it into a softening solution and soak it, then take it out and wash it again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; Dyeing: The pretreated cotton fabric is dipped into a reactive dye solution, and then the cotton fabric is directly steamed in saturated steam without drying. After the steaming is completed, the cotton fabric is dried to obtain a dyed cotton fabric; Color fixing: immerse the dyed cotton fabric in a composite color fixing solution, take it out, steam it again in saturated steam without drying, and wash it with water to obtain the dyed cotton fabric; the raw materials of the composite color fixing solution include polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, thickener, anti-precipitation agent, and hydrochloric acid.
[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the cotton fabric is first soaked in an alkaline solution in the pretreatment stage, which can effectively remove impurities and grease on the surface of the cotton fabric, and improve the coloring uniformity and color brightness in the subsequent dyeing process; then the cotton fabric is soaked in a softening solution, which can effectively improve the softness and dye permeability of the cotton fabric, thereby improving the coloring uniformity and dyeing depth of the cotton fabric; then dyeing is carried out, and finally a composite color fixing solution composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, thickener, anti-precipitant, and hydrochloric acid is used for color fixing, polyvinyl alcohol can enhance the binding force between cotton fabric fibers and dyes, sodium silicate helps to improve the color fixing effect and enhance the wear resistance of cotton fabrics, hydrochloric acid adjusts the pH value to optimize the color fixing conditions, the surfactant improves the wettability of the color fixing solution on the cotton fabric, the deionized water ensures the purity of the color fixing solution, the thickener increases the viscosity of the color fixing solution to prevent the precipitation of the dye, and the anti-precipitant further maintains the suspension state of each component in the color fixing solution, thereby improving the dyeing effect and color fixing stability of the cotton fabric, thereby improving the coloring effect of the cotton fabric.
[0007] In a specific embodiment, the surfactant includes one of alkyl glycoside and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate.
[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, alkyl glucosides and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylates both have good emulsification effects, and alkyl glucosides, a type of substance, are highly hydrophilic and extremely low in toxicity, and are friendly to human skin and the environment.
[0009] In a specific embodiment, the thickener includes one of xanthan gum and modified starch.
[0010] In a specific embodiment, the anti-precipitation agent includes one of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate.
[0011] In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, thickener and anti-precipitation agent in the composite color fixing solution is 100:(2-6):(1-4):(1-3):(3-5):(0.5-2).
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the ratio of deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, thickener and anti-precipitation agent in the composite color fixing solution is further limited, thereby further improving the color fixing effect of the color fixing solution.
[0013] In a specific embodiment, the softening solution is a mixture of water, a softener, and a permeating agent, and the weight ratio of water, softener, and permeating agent is 100:(2-6):(0.5-2).
[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, a composite softening solution composed of a softener and a penetrant is used, and the ratio of water, the softener and the penetrant is further limited, thereby improving the softening effect on cotton fabrics.
[0015] In a specific embodiment, the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 2-5%.
[0016] In a specific embodiment, in the pretreatment step, the cotton fabric is immersed in the softening solution for 30-40 minutes.
[0017] In a specific embodiment, in the pretreatment step, the cotton fabric is subjected to a vibration treatment while being soaked in the softening solution.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the vibration treatment further enhances the structural looseness of the cotton fabric, making it easier for the additives in the subsequent solution to penetrate into the cotton fabric fibers, thereby significantly improving the coloring effect of the cotton fabric.
[0019] In a specific embodiment, in the fixing step, the dyed cotton fabric is immersed in the composite fixing solution at a temperature of 85-95° C. for 30-60 min.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the soaking temperature and time of the cotton fabric in the composite color fixing solution are further limited, thereby improving the color fixing effect on the cotton fabric.
[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. In the present application, the cotton fabric is first soaked in an alkaline solution in the pretreatment stage, which can effectively remove impurities and grease on the surface of the cotton fabric, and improve the coloring uniformity and color brightness in the subsequent dyeing process; then the cotton fabric is soaked in a softening solution, which can effectively improve the softness and dye permeability of the cotton fabric, thereby improving the coloring uniformity and dyeing depth of the cotton fabric; then dyeing is performed, and finally a composite color fixing solution composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, thickener, anti-precipitant, and hydrochloric acid is used for color fixing, polyvinyl alcohol can enhance the binding force between cotton fabric fibers and dyes, sodium silicate helps to improve the color fixing effect and enhance the wear resistance of cotton fabrics, hydrochloric acid adjusts the pH value to optimize the color fixing conditions, the surfactant improves the wettability of the color fixing solution on the cotton fabric, the deionized water ensures the purity of the color fixing solution, the thickener increases the viscosity of the color fixing solution to prevent the precipitation of the dye, and the anti-precipitant further maintains the suspension state of each component in the color fixing solution, thereby improving the dyeing effect and color fixing stability of the cotton fabric, thereby improving the coloring effect of the cotton fabric; 2. The present application uses a composite softening solution composed of a softener and a penetrant, and further limits the ratio of water, softener and penetrant, thereby improving the softening effect on cotton fabrics; 3. The vibration treatment in the present application further enhances the structural looseness of the cotton fabric, making it easier for the additives in the subsequent solution to penetrate into the interior of the cotton fabric fibers, thereby significantly improving the coloring effect of the cotton fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0023] All raw materials in the examples can be obtained commercially. Surfactants include but are not limited to one of alkyl polyglycosides and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylates, and alkyl polyglycosides are preferred in the present application; thickeners include but are not limited to one of xanthan gum and modified starch, and xanthan gum is preferred in the present application; and anti-precipitation agents include but are not limited to one of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate is preferred in the present application. Example
[0024] Example 1 Embodiment 1 provides a cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process, comprising the following steps: Pretreatment: first immerse the cotton fabric in an alkaline solution for 30 minutes, then take it out and wash it, then add it to a softening solution and soak it for 30 minutes, then take it out and wash it again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; wherein the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 3.5%; the softening solution is a mixed solution composed of water, a softener and a penetrant, and the weight ratio of water, softener and penetrant is 100:2:0.5, the softener is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; the penetrant is sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; Dyeing: the pretreated cotton fabric is dipped into a reactive dye solution, and the rolling rate of the pretreated cotton fabric is controlled at 60%; then the cotton fabric is directly steamed in saturated steam for 2 minutes without drying, and after steaming, the cotton fabric is dried at 100° C. to obtain a dyed cotton fabric; wherein the reactive dye is a monochloro-s-triazine-based reactive dye, and the concentration of the reactive dye in the reactive dye solution is 10 g / L; Color fixing: immerse the dyed cotton fabric in the composite color fixing solution, immerse at 85°C for 60 minutes, take out, steam the cotton fabric again in saturated steam for 3 minutes without drying, wash with water to obtain the dyed cotton fabric; wherein the composite color fixing solution is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, thickener and anti-precipitant, and the weight ratio of deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, thickener and anti-precipitant is 100:2:1:1:3:0.5, the pH value of the composite color fixing solution is adjusted to 5.0 with hydrochloric acid, the surfactant is alkyl glycoside, the thickener is xanthan gum, and the anti-precipitant is sodium hexametaphosphate.
[0025] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that, pretreatment: first, the cotton fabric is immersed in an alkaline solution for 30 minutes, then taken out and washed, then added to a softening solution and immersed for 30 minutes, and taken out and washed again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; wherein the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 3.5%; the softening solution is a mixture of water, a softener, and a penetrant, and the weight ratio of water, softener, and penetrant is 100:4:1.2, the softener is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; the penetrant is sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.
[0026] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that, pretreatment: first, the cotton fabric is immersed in an alkaline solution for 30 minutes, then taken out and washed, then added to a softening solution and immersed for 30 minutes, and taken out and washed again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; wherein the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 3.5%; the softening solution is a mixture of water, a softener, and a penetrant, and the weight ratio of water, softener, and penetrant is 100:6:2, the softener is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; the penetrant is sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.
[0027] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 2 is that, pretreatment: first immerse the cotton fabric in an alkaline solution for 30 minutes, then take it out and wash it, then add it to a softening solution and soak it for 35 minutes, take it out and wash it again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; wherein the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 3.5%; the softening solution is a mixture of water, a softener, and a penetrant, and the weight ratio of water, softener, and penetrant is 100:4:1.2, the softener is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; the penetrant is sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2.
[0028] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 2 is that, pretreatment: first immerse the cotton fabric in an alkaline solution for 30 minutes, then take it out and wash it, then add it to a softening solution and soak it for 40 minutes, take it out and wash it again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; wherein the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 3.5%; the softening solution is a mixture of water, a softener, and a penetrant, and the weight ratio of water, softener, and penetrant is 100:4:1.2, the softener is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; the penetrant is sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2.
[0029] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 4 is that, pretreatment: first immerse the cotton fabric in an alkaline solution for 30 minutes, then take it out and wash it, then add it to a softening solution and soak it for 35 minutes, and vibrate the cotton fabric during soaking, take it out and wash it again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; wherein the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 3.5%; the softening solution is a mixture of water, a softener, and a penetrant, and the weight ratio of water, softener, and penetrant is 100:4:1.2, the softener is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; the penetrant is sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 4.
[0030] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 6 is that the composite color-fixing solution is a mixed solution of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, a surfactant, deionized water, a thickener, and an anti-precipitation agent, and the weight ratio of deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, a surfactant, a thickener, and an anti-precipitation agent is 100:4:2.5:2:4:1.2, and hydrochloric acid is used to adjust the pH of the composite color-fixing solution to 5.0; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 6.
[0031] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 6 is that the composite color-fixing liquid is a mixed liquid composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, thickener, and anti-precipitation agent, and the weight ratio of deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, thickener, and anti-precipitation agent is 100:6:4:3:5:2, and hydrochloric acid is used to adjust the pH of the composite color-fixing liquid to 5.0; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 6.
[0032] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 7 is that the dyed cotton fabric is immersed in the composite fixing solution at 90° C. for 45 minutes, taken out, and the cotton fabric does not need to be dried, but is directly steamed again in saturated steam for 3 minutes, washed with water, to obtain the dyed cotton fabric; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 7.
[0033] Example 10 The difference between Example 10 and Example 7 is that the dyed cotton fabric is immersed in the composite color fixing solution and immersed at 95° C. for 30 minutes. The cotton fabric is taken out and directly steamed again in saturated steam for 3 minutes without drying, and washed with water to obtain the dyed cotton fabric; the remaining steps are consistent with Example 7.
[0034] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides a cotton fabric dyeing process, comprising the following steps: Pretreatment: firstly, the cotton fabric is washed to obtain the pretreated cotton fabric; Dyeing: the pretreated cotton fabric is dipped into a reactive dye solution, and the rolling rate of the pretreated cotton fabric is controlled at 60%; then the cotton fabric is dried at 100° C. to obtain a dyed cotton fabric; wherein the reactive dye is a monochloro-s-triazine-based reactive dye, and the concentration of the reactive dye in the reactive dye solution is 10 g / L; Color fixing: the dyed cotton fabric is immersed in a composite color fixing solution, taken out, and washed with water to obtain a dyed cotton fabric; wherein the composite color fixing solution is a mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, and water, and the concentration of sodium bicarbonate is 6g / L, and the concentration of sodium sulfate is 200g / L.
[0035] Performance test Coloring effect: Testing the brightness L of the dyed cotton fabrics in each embodiment and comparative example * , and dry and wet rubbing color fastness.
[0036] Table 1 Performance test results of cotton fabrics sample <![CDATA[L * ]]> Dry rubbing fastness Wet rubbing fastness Example 1 58.29 5 5 Example 2 63.98 5 5 Example 3 59.26 5 5 Example 4 64.20 5 5 Example 5 64.57 5 5 Example 6 68.95 5 5 Example 7 69.78 5 5 Example 8 69.54 5 5 Example 9 72.89 5 5 Example 10 71.56 5 5 Comparative Example 1 47.25 4-5 4-5 Combining Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the brightness of the cotton fabric in Example 1 is higher and the dry and wet friction color fastness is also higher. It can be seen that using the dyeing method in the present application, first soaking the cotton fabric in an alkaline solution in the pretreatment stage can effectively remove impurities and grease on the surface of the cotton fabric, and improve the color uniformity and color brightness in the subsequent dyeing process; then soaking the cotton fabric in a softening solution can effectively improve the softness and dye permeability of the cotton fabric, thereby improving the color uniformity and dyeing depth of the cotton fabric; using polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, increasing The composite color fixing solution composed of thickener, anti-precipitant and hydrochloric acid is used for color fixing. Polyvinyl alcohol can enhance the binding force between cotton fabric fibers and dyes. Sodium silicate helps to improve the color fixing effect and enhance the wear resistance of cotton fabrics. Hydrochloric acid adjusts the pH value to optimize the color fixing conditions. Surfactants improve the wettability of the color fixing solution on cotton fabrics. Deionized water ensures the purity of the color fixing solution. The thickener increases the viscosity of the color fixing solution to prevent dye precipitation. The anti-precipitant further maintains the suspension state of each component in the color fixing solution, thereby improving the dyeing effect and color fixing stability of cotton fabrics, thereby improving the coloring effect of cotton fabrics.
[0037] In combination with Examples 1-3, the brightness of the cotton fabric in Example 2 is the highest, which shows that the ratio of water, softener and penetrant in the softening solution in Example 2 is optimal, thus achieving the best treatment effect on the cotton fabric.
[0038] Combining Example 2, Example 4 and Example 5, it can be seen that when the cotton fabric is treated with the softening solution, the soaking time is preferably 30-40 minutes, which has a better treatment effect on the cotton fabric.
[0039] Combining Example 4 and Example 6, the brightness of the cotton fabric in Example 6 is higher. It can be seen that when the cotton fabric is pre-treated with a softening solution, the vibration treatment of the cotton fabric can enhance the structural looseness of the cotton fabric, making it easier for the additives in the subsequent solution to penetrate into the interior of the cotton fabric fibers, thereby improving the coloring effect of the cotton fabric.
[0040] In combination with Examples 6-8, it can be seen that when the composite color fixing solution is used to fix the cotton fabric, when the weight ratio of deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, thickener and anti-precipitation agent in the composite color fixing solution is 100:(2-6):(1-4):(1-3):(3-5):(0.5-2), the color fixing effect on the cotton fabric is better.
[0041] Combining Example 7, Example 9 and Example 10, the brightness of the cotton fabric in Example 9 is higher, which shows that when the composite color fixing liquid is used to fix the cotton fabric, the immersion temperature and time in Example 9 are optimal, so that the coloring effect of the cotton fabric is the best.
[0042] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process, Features: The following steps are involved: Pretreatment: first immerse the cotton fabric in an alkaline solution, then take it out and wash it, then put it into a softening solution and soak it, then take it out and wash it again to obtain a pretreated cotton fabric; Dyeing: The pretreated cotton fabric is dipped into a reactive dye solution, and then the cotton fabric is directly steamed in saturated steam without drying. After the steaming is completed, the cotton fabric is dried to obtain a dyed cotton fabric; Color fixing: immerse the dyed cotton fabric in a composite color fixing solution, take it out, steam it again in saturated steam without drying, and wash it with water to obtain the dyed cotton fabric; the raw materials of the composite color fixing solution include polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, deionized water, thickener, anti-precipitation agent, and hydrochloric acid.
2. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: The surfactant includes one of alkyl glycoside and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate.
3. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: The thickener includes one of xanthan gum and modified starch.
4. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: The anti-precipitation agent includes one of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate.
5. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: The weight ratio of deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, surfactant, thickener and anti-precipitation agent in the composite color fixing solution is 100: (2-6): (1-4): (1-3): (3-5): (0.5-2).
6. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: The softening solution is a mixed solution composed of water, a softener and a penetrant, and the weight ratio of water, softener and penetrant is 100:(2-6):(0.5-2).
7. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: The alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 2-5%.
8. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: In the pretreatment step, the cotton fabric is immersed in the softening solution for 30-40 minutes.
9. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 8, Features: In the pretreatment step, the cotton fabric is subjected to a vibration treatment while being soaked in the softening solution.
10. A cotton fabric wet steam dyeing process according to claim 1, Features: In the fixing step, the dyed cotton fabric is immersed in the composite fixing solution at a temperature of 85-95° C. for 30-60 minutes.