Cutter head of shield tunneling machine and cutter changing method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, and particularly relates to a shield tunneling machine cutter head and a cutter changing method. A plurality of uniformly arranged soil inlets are jointly formed in the surface of the cutter head body; a plurality of uniformly arranged cutter grooves are formed in the surface of the cutter head body, and the cutter grooves are positioned among the soil inlets; a pair of symmetrically-arranged containing grooves is formed in the inner side wall of the cutter groove. Clamping blocks are connected into the accommodating grooves in a sliding manner; a tool base is arranged between the paired clamping blocks, and the tool base is arranged in a cylindrical shape. The first tool bits are installed at one end of the tool base, the piston is controlled by the hydraulic system to drive the clamping block to clamp the tool base, and therefore when the multiple first tool bits are replaced, a user does not need to disassemble nuts one by one, and the efficiency of replacing the first tool bits by the user is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machines, in particular to a shield machine cutter head and a cutter changing method. Background Art

[0002] The shield machine is a highly mechanized tunnel boring equipment, widely used in tunnel projects such as subways, railways, highways, municipal engineering, hydropower, etc. Its working principle is to use a cylindrical steel component to push forward along the axis of the tunnel while excavating the soil. Its shell is the shield, which plays a temporary support role for the excavated tunnel section that has not yet been lined, bears the pressure of the surrounding soil, and blocks groundwater.

[0003] In the prior art, the shield machine mainly includes a shield body, a cutterhead, a cutterhead drive, a propulsion device, a segment assembler and an earth discharge mechanism. The cutter head on the cutterhead has a large wear and tear due to the long-term compression and friction with the rock, and requires maintenance personnel to regularly maintain and replace it.

[0004] In the prior art, the cutter head on the cutter disc of the shield machine is mostly fixed on the cutter disc by multiple bolts, which makes the disassembly process too troublesome and is not conducive to the rapid replacement of the cutter head.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a shield machine cutter head and a cutter changing method. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: a shield machine cutterhead described in the present invention comprises a cutterhead body; a plurality of evenly arranged soil inlets are commonly provided on the surface of the cutterhead body; a plurality of evenly arranged tool grooves are provided on the surface of the cutterhead body, and the tool grooves are located between the soil inlets; a pair of symmetrically arranged receiving grooves are provided on the inner side walls of the tool grooves; clamping blocks are slidably connected in the receiving grooves; a tool seat is provided between the pairs of clamping blocks, and the tool seat is cylindrical; a cutter head is installed at one end of the tool seat; a hydraulic system is installed inside the cutterhead body; the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pipe and a piston, and the piston is driven by the liquid oil in the hydraulic pipe, thereby Drive the clamping block to clamp the tool seat; when working, after the shield machine has been digging for a long time, the cutter head on the surface of the cutter disc body will inevitably wear. In order to ensure the normal progress of the excavation construction, it is necessary to replace the worn cutter head. First, the user needs to control the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipe through the hydraulic system, and then control the piston to drive the clamping block away from the tool seat. After that, the user can pull the tool out of the tool slot, and then insert the tool seat and cutter head to be replaced into the tool slot. Then the user controls the piston by the hydraulic system to drive the clamping block to clamp the tool seat. Therefore, when replacing multiple cutter heads, the user does not need to remove the nuts one by one, thereby improving the efficiency of the user in replacing the cutter head.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic system also includes a main oil pipe; the main oil pipe is located on one side of the same row of tool grooves in any semicircular area on the cutter disc body; the hydraulic pipe is provided with multiple; the hydraulic pipe is slidably connected to the piston at one end close to the clamping block, and the hydraulic pipe is closed at the end without the clamping block; the main oil pipe is fixedly connected to the circular end of the cutter disc body with a hydraulic connector; the hydraulic connector extends to the outside of the cutter disc body and is located at the end of the cutter disc body away from the cutter head one; during operation, when the user only needs to replace the cutter head one in the same row, the user needs to first connect the external oil pumping equipment to the hydraulic connector at the end of the main oil pipe on this side, and then the hydraulic oil in the main oil pipe can be controlled through the hydraulic connector, and then the clamping block of the row can be controlled to no longer clamp the tool seat, so that the user can remove the tool seat and the cutter head one in the row, and only release the fixation of one row of tool seats at the same time, which can avoid the simultaneous release of the fixation of all tool seats, resulting in the probability of some tool seats accidentally slipping out of the tool seat groove due to vibration or collision.

[0009] Preferably, slots are provided on the surface of the tool seat at corresponding positions of the clamping block; the slots are matched with the clamping block; during operation, when the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipe is driven by the driving piston to drive the clamping block to squeeze the tool seat, the piston will squeeze the clamping block and push the clamping block into the slot on the surface of the tool seat, thereby restricting the tool seat to prevent the cutter disc body from squeezing the rock, and when it rotates, the cutter head and the tool seat in the tool slot are squeezed out of the tool slot.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting tube is embedded in the bottom of the slot inside the tool seat; the connecting tube is arranged in a U shape; the two pipe openings of the connecting tube are slidably connected with a push rod; the middle of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to a branch tube; the end of the push rod away from the connecting tube is fixedly connected to a pressure plate; the end of the branch tube away from the connecting tube slides with a pressure rod, and the pressure rod extends into the slot; the connecting tube and the branch tube are filled with hydraulic oil; during operation, when the clamping block is pushed into the slot, the clamping block will squeeze the pressure rod at the branch tube, and the hydraulic oil in the branch tube and the connecting tube will be pushed by the pressure rod, and the hydraulic oil will push the push rod, so that the push rod drives the pressure plate to press on the surface of the clamping block, and then fix the clamping block, avoiding excessive gap between the clamping block and the slot, which will cause the cutter head 1 and the tool seat to vibrate back and forth during the rotation of the cutter disc body, causing damage to the cutter head 1.

[0011] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on one side of the cutter disc body away from the cutter head at a position corresponding to the tool groove; an end of the tool seat close to the annular groove is fixedly connected to a limiting plate; the limiting plate is arranged in an annular shape and is adapted to the annular groove; during operation, when the user inserts the tool seat into the tool groove, the limiting plate at the end of the tool seat will be inserted into the annular groove on the surface of the cutter disc body, at which time the slot on the surface of the tool seat and the quasi-clamping block are on the same horizontal plane, thereby reducing the difficulty for the user to adjust the tool seat.

[0012] Preferably, a pair of symmetrically arranged limit columns are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular groove; a pair of symmetrically arranged limit holes are opened on the surfaces of the two limit plates; the limit holes are adapted to the limit columns; during operation, when the limit plate is inserted into the annular groove, the user needs to insert the limit columns into the limit holes on the surface of the limit plate, thereby ensuring that the clamping block can face the slot, thereby ensuring that the clamping block can correctly squeeze the pressure rod.

[0013] Preferably, a slide groove is provided at the center of the knife disc body; a mounting seat is provided in the slide groove, and the mounting seat is cylindrical; mounting grooves are provided at both ends of the mounting seat; strip seats are provided in the two mounting grooves; a plurality of cutter heads 2 are installed on the side of the strip seat away from the mounting seat; limiting grooves are provided at both ends of the mounting seat; the limiting groove is annular; an annular plate is fixedly connected to the end of the slide groove close to the cutter head 1, and the annular plate is adapted to the slide groove; a plurality of evenly arranged screws are fixedly connected to the end of the annular plate close to the mounting seat; a plurality of evenly arranged mounting holes are provided on the mounting seat at the corresponding positions of the screws, and the mounting holes are aligned with the mounting holes. The screw is adapted; during operation, when the user needs to replace the cutter head 2 located at the center of the cutter disc body, since the wear degree of the cutter head 2 located in the middle will be lower than that of the cutter head 1 located around it, the replacement frequency is lower, and the mounting seat and the annular plate are still fixed together by the screw and the nut. When the user needs to replace the cutter head 2, the user needs to remove the nut on the screw, remove the mounting seat from the slide groove, and then flip the mounting seat over so that the other end of the mounting seat and the strip seat being installed are aligned with the annular plate, and then the mounting seat is completely inserted into the slide groove, and the screw is also reinserted into the mounting hole, and then the nut is screwed on the screw, thereby completing the quick replacement of the cutter head 2.

[0014] Preferably, both sides of the slide groove are provided with strip grooves; slide plates are slidably connected in the strip grooves; one end of the slide plate close to the blade head one is fixedly connected to a connecting block; one end of the strip groove away from the blade head one is fixedly connected to a limiting block; a slider is slidably connected between the two slide plates; and the mounting seat is rotatably connected between the two sliders; during operation, when the user needs to flip the mounting seat, the user needs to slide the mounting seat to drive the slider and the slide plate to move toward the outside of the slide groove until the connecting block at the end of the slide plate is buckled at the limiting block on the surface of the strip groove, at this time, the entire mounting seat is already outside the slide groove, and then the user can toggle the mounting seat to flip the mounting seat and make the unworn blade head two face the annular plate, and then reinsert the mounting seat into the slide groove for fixing, and through the support of the slide plate and the slider, it is convenient for the user to flip the mounting seat, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Preferably, two pairs of symmetrically arranged threaded holes are provided on the side surface of the mounting seat; the strip seat is connected to the threaded holes by bolts; during operation, when the user wants to remove the worn cutter head 2, the user needs to tighten the bolts at the threaded holes so that they no longer squeeze the strip seat in the mounting groove, and then the user can remove the strip seat and cutter head 2 together and replace them.

[0016] Preferably, a tool changing method, which uses the above-mentioned shield machine cutter head, comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. When replacing the cutter head 1 on the surface of the cutter disc body, the user needs to extract the hydraulic oil in the main oil pipe and the hydraulic pipe through the hydraulic joint, and then drive the clamping block away from the slot through the piston. At this time, the user can take away the cutter head 1 to be replaced together with the tool seat;

[0018] S2. The user reinserts the tool holder to be replaced together with the tool head 1 into the tool slot, and then pumps hydraulic oil into the main oil pipe and the hydraulic pipe through the hydraulic joint, and then drives the clamping block through the piston to insert into the slot on the surface of the tool holder, thereby fixing the tool holder and the tool head 1.

[0019] S3. When the cutter head 2 in the middle of the cutter disc body needs to be replaced, the user can pull the mounting seat, thereby driving one end of the slide plate to move to the outside of the slide slot, and then the user slides the slider and the mounting seat to move to the outside of the seat, and then the user rotates the mounting seat so that the unworn cutter head 2 on the other side of the mounting seat rotates to the end close to the annular plate, and then reinserts the mounting seat into the slide slot.

[0020] S4. After the mounting seat is inserted into the slide groove, the screw on the surface of the annular plate will pass through the mounting hole on the surface of the mounting seat, and then the user will use the nut to match the screw to fix the mounting seat and the arc plate.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The shield machine cutter head and tool changing method described in the present invention control the piston through the hydraulic system to drive the clamping block to clamp the tool seat. Therefore, when replacing multiple cutter heads, the user does not need to remove the nuts one by one, thereby improving the efficiency of the user in replacing the cutter heads.

[0023] 2. The shield machine cutter disc and tool changing method described in the present invention use hydraulic oil to push the push rod, which drives the pressure plate to press on the surface of the clamping block, thereby fixing the clamping block to avoid excessive gap between the clamping block and the slot, which would cause the cutter head 1 and the tool seat to vibrate back and forth during the rotation of the cutter disc body, causing damage to the cutter head 1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting plate in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the cutter disc body in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main oil pipe in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the cutter disc body in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the slide plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the chute in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the mounting seat in the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0034] In the figure: 1. cutter body; 2. soil inlet; 3. tool groove; 4. receiving groove; 5. clamping block; 6. tool seat; 7. cutter head one; 8. hydraulic pipe; 9. piston; 10. main oil pipe; 11. hydraulic joint; 12. slot; 13. connecting pipe; 14. push rod; 15. branch pipe; 16. pressure plate; 17. pressure rod; 18. annular groove; 19. limit plate; 20. limit column; 21. limit hole; 22. slide groove; 23. mounting seat; 24. mounting groove; 25. strip seat; 26. cutter head two; 27. limit groove; 28. ring plate; 29. ​​screw; 30. mounting hole; 31. strip groove; 32. slide plate; 33. connecting block; 34. limit block; 35. slide block; 36. threaded hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a shield machine cutterhead according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a cutterhead body 1; a plurality of evenly arranged soil inlets 2 are provided on the surface of the cutterhead body 1; a plurality of evenly arranged tool grooves 3 are provided on the surface of the cutterhead body 1, and the tool grooves 3 are located between the soil inlets 2; a pair of symmetrically arranged receiving grooves 4 are provided on the inner side walls of the tool grooves 3; clamping blocks 5 are slidably connected in the receiving grooves 4; a tool seat 6 is provided between the paired clamping blocks 5, and the tool seat 6 is provided in a cylindrical shape; a cutter head 7 is installed at one end of the tool seat 6; a hydraulic system is installed inside the cutterhead body 1; the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pipe 8 and a piston 9, and the piston 9 is driven by the liquid oil in the hydraulic pipe 8, thereby driving the clamping block 5 Clamp the tool seat 6; during operation, after the shield machine has been digging for a long time, the cutter head 7 on the surface of the cutter disc body 1 will inevitably wear. In order to ensure the normal progress of the excavation construction, it is necessary to replace the worn cutter head 7. First, the user needs to control the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipe 8 through the hydraulic system, and then control the piston 9 to drive the clamping block 5 away from the tool seat 6. After that, the user can pull the tool out of the tool groove 3, and then insert the tool seat 6 and the cutter head 7 to be replaced into the tool groove 3. Then the user controls the piston 9 by the hydraulic system to drive the clamping block 5 to clamp the tool seat 6. Therefore, when replacing multiple cutter heads 7, the user does not need to remove the nuts one by one, thereby improving the efficiency of the user in replacing the cutter head 7.

[0037] like Figure 1 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the hydraulic system also includes a main oil pipe 10; the main oil pipe 10 is located on one side of the same row of tool grooves 3 in any semicircular area on the cutter head body 1; the hydraulic pipe 8 is provided with a plurality of them; the end of the hydraulic pipe 8 close to the clamping block 5 is slidably connected to the piston 9, and the end of the hydraulic pipe 8 without the clamping block 5 is closed; the end of the main oil pipe 10 close to the circular end of the cutter head body 1 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic connector 11; the hydraulic connector 11 extends to the outside of the cutter head body 1 and is located at the end of the cutter head body 1 away from the cutter head 7; when working, when using When only the cutter head 7 of the same row needs to be replaced, the user needs to first connect the external oil pumping equipment to the hydraulic connector 11 at the end of the main oil pipe 10 on that side, and then the hydraulic oil in the main oil pipe 10 can be controlled through the hydraulic connector 11, thereby controlling the clamping block 5 of the row to no longer clamp the tool seat 6, so that the user can remove the tool seat 6 and cutter head 7 of the row, and only release the fixation of the tool seat 6 of one row at the same time, which can avoid releasing the fixation of all the tool seats 6 at the same time, and causing the probability of some tool seats 6 accidentally slipping out of the tool seat 6 groove due to vibration or collision.

[0038] like Figures 4 to 5As shown, slots 12 are provided on the surface of the tool seat 6 at corresponding positions of the clamping block 5; the slots 12 are adapted to the clamping block 5; during operation, when the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipe 8 drives the clamping block 5 to squeeze the tool seat 6 by the driving piston 9, the piston 9 will squeeze the clamping block 5 and push the clamping block 5 into the slots 12 on the surface of the tool seat 6, thereby restricting the tool seat 6 to prevent the cutter disc body 1 from squeezing the rock, and when rotating, the cutter head 7 in the tool slot 3 and the tool seat 6 are squeezed out of the tool slot 3.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, a connecting pipe 13 is embedded in the bottom of the slot 12 inside the tool seat 6; the connecting pipe 13 is set in a U shape; the two pipe openings of the connecting pipe 13 are slidably connected with a push rod 14; the middle of the connecting pipe 13 is fixedly connected with a branch pipe 15; the end of the push rod 14 away from the connecting pipe 13 is fixedly connected with a pressure plate 16; the end of the branch pipe 15 away from the connecting pipe 13 is slidably pressed by a pressure rod 17, and the pressure rod 17 extends into the slot 12; the connecting pipe 13 and the branch pipe 15 are filled with hydraulic oil; During operation, when the clamping block 5 is pushed into the slot 12, the clamping block 5 will squeeze the pressure rod 17 at the branch pipe 15, and the pressure rod 17 will push the hydraulic oil in the branch pipe 15 and the connecting pipe 13, and then the hydraulic oil will push the push rod 14, so that the push rod 14 drives the pressure plate 16 to press on the surface of the clamping block 5, and then fix the clamping block 5, avoiding an excessive gap between the clamping block 5 and the slot 12, which will cause the cutter head 7 and the tool seat 6 to vibrate back and forth during the rotation of the cutter disc body 1, causing damage to the cutter head 7.

[0040] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, an annular groove 18 is provided on the side of the cutter disc body 1 away from the cutter head 7 at the position corresponding to the tool groove 3; one end of the tool seat 6 close to the annular groove 18 is fixedly connected to a limiting plate 19; the limiting plate 19 is arranged in an annular shape and is adapted to the annular groove 18; during operation, when the user inserts the tool seat 6 into the tool groove 3, the limiting plate 19 at the end of the tool seat 6 will be inserted into the annular groove 18 on the surface of the cutter disc body 1, at which time the slot 12 on the surface of the tool seat 6 is on the same horizontal plane as the quasi-clamping block 5, thereby reducing the difficulty for the user to adjust the tool seat 6.

[0041] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, a pair of symmetrically arranged limiting columns 20 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular groove 18; a pair of symmetrically arranged limiting holes 21 are opened on the surfaces of the two limiting plates 19; the limiting holes 21 are adapted to the limiting columns 20; during operation, when the limiting plate 19 is inserted into the annular groove 18, the user needs to insert the limiting columns 20 into the limiting holes 21 on the surface of the limiting plate 19, thereby ensuring that the clamping block 5 can face the slot 12, thereby ensuring that the clamping block 5 can correctly squeeze the pressure rod 17.

[0042] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, a slide groove 22 is provided at the center of the cutter disc body 1; a mounting seat 23 is provided in the slide groove 22, and the mounting seat 23 is cylindrical; mounting grooves 24 are provided at both ends of the mounting seat 23; strip seats 25 are provided in the two mounting grooves 24; a plurality of cutter heads 26 are installed on the side of the strip seat 25 away from the mounting seat 23; limiting grooves 27 are provided at both ends of the mounting seat 23; the limiting grooves 27 are annular; an annular plate 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the slide groove 22 close to the cutter head 7, and the annular plate 28 is adapted to the slide groove 22; a plurality of uniformly arranged screws 29 are fixedly connected to the end of the annular plate 28 close to the mounting seat 23; a plurality of uniformly arranged mounting holes 30 are provided at the corresponding positions of the screws 29 on the mounting seat 23, and the mounting The hole 30 is adapted to the screw rod 29; during operation, when the user needs to replace the cutter head 26 located at the center of the cutter disc body 1, since the wear degree of the cutter head 26 located in the middle will be lower than that of the cutter head 7 located around it, the replacement frequency is low, and the mounting seat 23 and the annular plate 28 are still fixed together by the screw rod 29 and the nut. When the user needs to replace the cutter head 26, the user needs to remove the nut on the screw rod 29, remove the mounting seat 23 from the slide groove 22, and then flip the mounting seat 23 so that the other end of the mounting seat 23 and the installed strip seat 25 are aligned with the annular plate 28, and then the mounting seat 23 is completely inserted into the slide groove 22, and the screw rod 29 is also reinserted into the mounting hole 30, and then the nut is screwed on the screw rod 29, thereby completing the quick replacement of the cutter head 26.

[0043] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, both sides of the slide groove 22 are provided with strip grooves 31; slide plates 32 are slidably connected in the strip grooves 31; a connecting block 33 is fixedly connected to the end of the slide plate 32 close to the cutter head 7; a limiting block 34 is fixedly connected to the end of the strip groove 31 away from the cutter head 7; a slider 35 is slidably connected between the two slide plates 32; the mounting seat 23 is rotatably connected between the two sliders 35; when working, when the user needs to flip the mounting seat 23, the user needs to slide the mounting seat 23 to drive the slider 35 and the slide plate 3 2 moves toward the outside of the slide groove 22 until the connecting block 33 at the end of the slide plate 32 is buckled at the limiting block 34 on the surface of the strip groove 31. At this time, the entire mounting seat 23 is already outside the slide groove 22. Then the user can move the mounting seat 23 to turn the mounting seat 23 over, and make the unworn blade head 26 face the annular plate 28, and then insert the mounting seat 23 back into the slide groove 22 for fixing. With the support of the slide plate 32 and the slider 35, it is convenient for the user to turn over the mounting seat 23, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 8As shown, the side surface of the mounting seat 23 is provided with two pairs of symmetrically arranged threaded holes 36; the strip seat 25 is connected to the threaded holes 36 by bolts; during operation, when the user wants to remove the worn cutter head 26, the user needs to screw the bolts at the threaded holes 36 so that the bolts no longer squeeze the strip seat 25 in the mounting groove 24. At this time, the user can remove the strip seat 25 and the cutter head 26 together and replace them.

[0045] like Fig. 9 As shown, a tool changing method, which adopts the above-mentioned shield machine cutter head, comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. When replacing the cutter head 7 on the surface of the cutter body 1, the user needs to extract the hydraulic oil in the main oil pipe 10 and the hydraulic pipe 8 through the hydraulic joint 11, and then drive the clamping block 5 away from the slot 12 through the piston 9. At this time, the user can take away the cutter head 7 to be replaced together with the cutter seat 6;

[0047] S2. The user reinserts the tool holder 6 to be replaced together with the tool head 7 into the tool slot 3. Then the user pumps hydraulic oil into the main oil pipe 10 and the hydraulic pipe 8 through the hydraulic joint 11, and then drives the clamping block 5 to be inserted into the slot 12 on the surface of the tool holder 6 through the piston 9, thereby fixing the tool holder 6 and the tool head 7.

[0048] S3. When the cutter head 26 in the middle of the cutter body 1 needs to be replaced, the user can pull the mounting seat 23, thereby driving one end of the slide plate 32 to move to the outside of the slide slot 22, and then the user moves the slider 35 and the mounting seat 23 to the outside of the seat, and then the user rotates the mounting seat 23 so that the cutter head 26 on the other side of the mounting seat 23 that is not worn rotates to the end close to the annular plate 28, and then reinserts the mounting seat 23 into the slide slot 22.

[0049] S4. After the mounting seat 23 is inserted into the slide groove 22, the screw 29 on the surface of the annular plate 28 will pass through the mounting hole 30 on the surface of the mounting seat 23. Then the user will use the nut to cooperate with the screw 29 to fix the mounting seat 23 and the arc plate.

[0050] During operation, after the shield machine has been digging for a long time, the cutter head 7 on the surface of the cutter disc body 1 will inevitably wear. In order to ensure the normal progress of the excavation construction, it is necessary to replace the worn cutter head 7. First, the user needs to control the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipe 8 through the hydraulic system, and then control the piston 9 to drive the clamping block 5 away from the tool seat 6. After that, the user can pull the tool out of the tool groove 3, and then insert the tool seat 6 and the cutter head 7 to be replaced into the tool groove 3. Then the user controls the piston 9 through the hydraulic system to drive the clamping block 5 to clamp the tool seat 6. Therefore, when replacing multiple cutter heads 7, the user does not need to remove the nuts one by one, thereby improving the efficiency of the user in replacing the cutter head 7.

[0051] When the user only needs to replace the cutter head 7 of the same row, the user needs to first connect the external oil pumping equipment to the hydraulic connector 11 at the end of the main oil pipe 10 on that side, and then the hydraulic oil in the main oil pipe 10 can be controlled through the hydraulic connector 11, thereby controlling the clamping block 5 of the row to no longer clamp the tool seat 6, so that the user can remove the tool seat 6 and cutter head 7 of the row, and only release the fixation of the tool seat 6 of one row at the same time, which can avoid releasing the fixation of all the tool seats 6 at the same time, and causing the probability of some tool seats 6 accidentally slipping out of the tool seat 6 groove due to vibration or collision.

[0052] When the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipe 8 drives the clamping block 5 to squeeze the tool seat 6 by the driving piston 9, the piston 9 will squeeze the clamping block 5 and push the clamping block 5 into the slot 12 on the surface of the tool seat 6, thereby restricting the tool seat 6 to prevent the cutter head 1 from squeezing the rock, and when the cutter head 1 is rotated, the cutter head 7 and the tool seat 6 in the tool slot 3 are squeezed out of the tool slot 3.

[0053] When the clamping block 5 is pushed into the slot 12, the clamping block 5 will squeeze the pressure rod 17 at the branch pipe 15, and the pressure rod 17 will push the hydraulic oil in the branch pipe 15 and the connecting pipe 13, and then the hydraulic oil will push the push rod 14, so that the push rod 14 drives the pressure plate 16 to press on the surface of the clamping block 5, and then fix the clamping block 5 to avoid an excessive gap between the clamping block 5 and the slot 12, which will cause the cutter head 7 and the tool seat 6 to vibrate back and forth during the rotation of the cutter disc body 1, causing damage to the cutter head 7.

[0054] When the user inserts the tool seat 6 into the tool groove 3, the limit plate 19 at the end of the tool seat 6 will be inserted into the annular groove 18 on the surface of the cutter disc body 1. At this time, the slot 12 on the surface of the tool seat 6 and the quasi-clamping block 5 are on the same horizontal plane, thereby reducing the difficulty of the user adjusting the tool seat 6.

[0055] The user needs to insert the limiting column 20 into the limiting hole 21 on the surface of the limiting plate 19 to ensure that the clamping block 5 can face the slot 12, thereby ensuring that the clamping block 5 can correctly squeeze the pressure rod 17.

[0056] When the user needs to replace the cutter head 26 located at the center of the cutter disc body 1, since the wear degree of the cutter head 26 located in the middle will be lower than that of the cutter head 1 7 located on the periphery, the replacement frequency is low, and the mounting seat 23 and the annular plate 28 are still fixed together by the screw 29 and the nut. When the user needs to replace the cutter head 26, the user needs to remove the nut on the screw 29, remove the mounting seat 23 from the slide groove 22, and then flip the mounting seat 23 so that the other end of the mounting seat 23 and the strip seat 25 being installed are aligned with the annular plate 28, and then the mounting seat 23 is completely inserted into the slide groove 22, and the screw 29 is also reinserted into the mounting hole 30, and then the nut is screwed on the screw 29, thereby completing the quick replacement of the cutter head 26.

[0057] When the user needs to flip the mounting seat 23, the user needs to slide the mounting seat 23 so that it drives the slider 35 and the slide plate 32 to move toward the outside of the slide groove 22 until the connecting block 33 at the end of the slide plate 32 is buckled at the limit block 34 on the surface of the strip groove 31. At this time, the entire mounting seat 23 is already outside the slide groove 22. Then the user can move the mounting seat 23 to flip the mounting seat 23 and make the unworn blade head 26 face the annular plate 28, and then insert the mounting seat 23 back into the slide groove 22 for fixing. With the support of the slide plate 32 and the slider 35, the user can easily flip the mounting seat 23, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] When the user wants to remove the worn cutter head 26, the user needs to tighten the bolt at the threaded hole 36 so that it no longer squeezes the strip seat 25 in the mounting groove 24. At this time, the user can remove the strip seat 25 and the cutter head 26 together and replace them.

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield machine cutterhead, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutter disc body (1); the surface of the cutter disc body (1) is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged soil inlets (2); the surface of the cutter disc body (1) is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged tool grooves (3), and the tool grooves (3) are located between the soil inlets (2); the inner side walls of the tool grooves (3) are provided with a pair of symmetrically arranged receiving grooves (4); the receiving grooves (4) are slidably connected with clamping blocks (5); a tool seat (6) is arranged between the pair of clamping blocks (5), and the tool seat (6) is arranged in a cylindrical shape; a cutter head (7) is installed at one end of the tool seat (6); a hydraulic system is installed inside the cutter disc body (1); the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pipe (8) and a piston (9), and the piston (9) is driven by the liquid oil in the hydraulic pipe (8), thereby driving the clamping block (5) to clamp the tool seat (6).

2. A shield machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic system further comprises a main oil pipe (10); the main oil pipe (10) is located on one side of the same row of tool grooves (3) in any semicircular area on the cutter disc body (1); a plurality of hydraulic pipes (8) are provided; the ends of the hydraulic pipes (8) close to the clamping block (5) are slidably connected to the piston (9), while the end of the hydraulic pipe (8) not provided with the clamping block (5) is closed; the end of the main oil pipe (10) close to the circular shape of the cutter disc body (1) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic connector (11); the hydraulic connector (11) extends to the outside of the cutter disc body (1) and is located at the end of the cutter disc body (1) away from the cutter head (7).

3. A shield machine cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the tool seat (6) is provided with slots (12) at corresponding positions of the clamping block (5); the slots (12) are adapted to the clamping block (5).

4. A shield machine cutterhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (13) is embedded in the tool seat (6) at the bottom of the slot (12); the connecting pipe (13) is arranged in a U shape; push rods (14) are slidably connected to the two pipe openings of the connecting pipe (13); a branch pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting pipe (13); a pressure plate (16) is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod (14) away from the connecting pipe (13); a sliding pressure rod (17) is provided at the end of the branch pipe (15) away from the connecting pipe (13), and the pressure rod (17) extends into the slot (12); the connecting pipe (13) and the branch pipe (15) are filled with hydraulic oil.

5. The shield machine cutterhead according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular groove (18) is provided on the side of the cutter disc body (1) away from the cutter head (7) at a position corresponding to the cutter groove (3); an end of the cutter seat (6) close to the annular groove (18) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (19); the limiting plate (19) is arranged in an annular shape and is adapted to fit the annular groove (18).

6. The shield machine cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pair of symmetrically arranged limiting columns (20) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular groove (18); a pair of symmetrically arranged limiting holes (21) are respectively opened on the surfaces of the two limiting plates (19); and the limiting holes (21) are matched with the limiting columns (20).

7. The shield machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide groove (22) is provided at the center of the cutter disc body (1); a mounting seat (23) is provided in the slide groove (22), and the mounting seat (23) is cylindrical; mounting grooves (24) are provided at both ends of the mounting seat (23); strip seats (25) are provided in both mounting grooves (24); a plurality of cutter heads (26) are installed on one side of the strip seat (25) away from the mounting seat (23); limiting grooves (27) are provided at both ends of the mounting seat (23); ); the limiting groove (27) is arranged in an annular shape; an annular plate (28) is fixedly connected to one end of the slide groove (22) close to the cutter head (7), and the annular plate (28) is adapted to the slide groove (22); an end of the annular plate (28) close to the mounting seat (23) is fixedly connected to a plurality of evenly arranged screw rods (29); the mounting seat (23) is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged mounting holes (30) at positions corresponding to the screw rods (29), and the mounting holes (30) are adapted to the screw rods (29).

8. The shield machine cutterhead according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sides of the slide groove (22) are provided with strip grooves (31); slide plates (32) are slidably connected in the strip grooves (31); a connecting block (33) is fixedly connected to one end of the slide plate (32) close to the cutter head (7); a limiting block (34) is fixedly connected to one end of the strip groove (31) away from the cutter head (7); a sliding block (35) is slidably connected between the two sliding blocks (32); and the mounting seat (23) is rotatably connected between the two sliding blocks (35).

9. The shield machine cutterhead according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side surface of the mounting seat (23) is provided with two pairs of symmetrically arranged threaded holes (36); the strip seat (25) is connected to the threaded holes (36) by means of bolts.

10. A tool changing method, the tool changing method adopts a shield machine cutter head as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 above, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. When replacing the cutter head 1 (7) on the surface of the cutter disc body (1), the user needs to extract the hydraulic oil in the main oil pipe (10) and the hydraulic pipe (8) through the hydraulic joint (11), and then drive the clamping block (5) away from the slot (12) through the piston (9). At this time, the user can take away the cutter head 1 (7) to be replaced together with the cutter seat (6); S2, the user reinserts the tool holder (6) to be replaced together with the tool head (7) into the tool slot (3), and then pumps hydraulic oil into the main oil pipe (10) and the hydraulic pipe (8) through the hydraulic joint (11), and then drives the clamping block (5) to be inserted into the slot (12) on the surface of the tool holder (6) through the piston (9), thereby fixing the tool holder (6) and the tool head (7); S3. When it is necessary to replace the cutter head 2 (26) in the middle of the cutter disc body (1), the user can pull the mounting seat (23), thereby driving one end of the slide plate (32) to move to the outside of the slide groove (22), and then the user moves the slider (35) and the mounting seat (23) to the outside of the seat, and then the user rotates the mounting seat (23) so that the cutter head 2 (26) on the other side of the mounting seat (23) that is not worn rotates to the end close to the annular plate (28), and then the mounting seat (23) is reinserted into the slide groove (22); S4. After the mounting seat (23) is inserted into the slide groove (22), the screw rod (29) on the surface of the annular plate (28) will pass through the mounting hole (30) on the surface of the mounting seat (23). Then, the user can use the nut to match the screw rod (29) to fix the mounting seat (23) and the arc plate.

Images