Novel intelligent early warning anchor cable

Abstract

According to the technical scheme, the novel intelligent early warning anchor cable comprises a steel cable and an energy absorption box, the steel cable penetrates through one side of the energy absorption box and extends into the energy absorption box, one end of the steel cable is fixedly connected with a cable end fixing block, and a reentry type honeycomb energy absorption block is arranged between the cable end fixing block and the energy absorption box; the re-entry type honeycomb energy absorption block is connected with an energy absorption block fixing sleeve, the energy absorption block fixing sleeve is welded to the energy absorption box, four evenly-distributed second connecting rings are arranged at the end, away from the energy absorption block fixing sleeve, of the cable end fixing block, the second connecting rings are connected with one ends of rigid cylindrical extension springs, and the other ends of the rigid cylindrical extension springs are connected with first connecting rings. A sine tension piece is welded to the first connecting ring and fixedly connected with the energy absorption box. The anchor cable device meets the requirements of strong resistance, energy absorption and large deformation of the anchor cable structure, the problem that anchor cable support early warning cannot be visualized is solved in cooperation with a pressed original part and an early warning lamp, and then the using effect of the anchor cable device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anchor cables, and more specifically, to a new type of anchor cable with intelligent early warning. Background Art

[0002] As the depth of coal mining in my country gradually increases, rock burst events are increasing. As a flexible support method, anchor cable support plays an important role in preventing rock burst events. In the process of continuous renewal of anchor cable types, anchor cables with energy absorption and early warning functions have become one of the research hotspots in recent years.

[0003] However, the existing coal mine tunnel anchor cable support often has low energy absorption capacity and lacks a complete early warning device, which cannot monitor the stress of the steel cable in real time, thereby reducing the use effect of the anchor cable device, and the precursor information of disasters such as impact ground pressure in the tunnel cannot be fully grasped. In view of this, the inventor proposes a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of anchor cable with intelligent early warning to solve the problems that the coal mine tunnel support anchor cable device in the prior art cannot fully meet the requirements of large energy absorption and deformation, and the anchor cable device cannot monitor the stress condition of the steel cable in real time and lacks a complete early warning device.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable, comprising a steel cable and an energy absorption box, the steel cable passes through one side of the energy absorption box and extends into the energy absorption box, one end of the steel cable located in the energy absorption box is fixedly connected to a cable end fixing block, a re-entrant honeycomb energy absorption block is provided between the cable end fixing block and the energy absorption box, the end of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorption block away from the cable end fixing block is connected to an energy absorption block fixing sleeve, the energy absorption block fixing sleeve is welded to the energy absorption box, and the end of the cable end fixing block away from the energy absorption block fixing sleeve is provided with 4 evenly distributed second connecting rings, the second connecting ring is connected to one end of a rigid cylindrical tension spring, the other end of the rigid cylindrical tension spring is connected to a first connecting ring, the first connecting ring is welded with a sinusoidal tension member, and the sinusoidal tension member is fixedly connected to the energy absorption box.

[0006] The present invention is further configured as follows: a pad is provided on the outside of one end of the energy absorption box away from the steel cable, a tray is provided on the end of the pad away from the energy absorption box, a warning light is riveted on the middle of the tray, a first-level warning pressure element, a second-level warning pressure element and a third-level warning pressure element are provided on the inner side of the energy absorption box close to the sinusoidal tension member, and the warning light is electrically connected to the first-level warning pressure element, the second-level warning pressure element and the third-level warning pressure element, and wire holes are left on the tray and the pad for the external warning light to connect to the first-level warning pressure element, the second-level warning pressure element and the third-level warning pressure element in the energy absorption box.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: the warning light, the sinusoidal tension member, the cable end fixing block, the energy absorption box and the steel cable are concentrically arranged among the five components.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the sinusoidal tension members and the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing blocks are both negative Poisson's ratio structural energy absorbing components.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the diameter of the concentric circles of the four first connecting rings is greater than the diameter of the concentric circles of the four second connecting rings.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: a cylindrical space is reserved between the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block, the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve and the energy absorbing box for the steel cable to pass through, and the cross-sectional diameter of the cylinder is greater than the cross-sectional diameter of the steel cable.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the circular diameter of the cross-section of the rope end fixing block is greater than the diagonal length of the square of the cross-section of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block, the side length of the square of the cross-section of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block is less than the side length of the square of the inner cross-section of the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve, and the diagonal length of the square of the outer cross-section of the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve is less than the inner diameter of the energy absorbing box.

[0012] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The sinusoidal tension members and re-entrant honeycomb energy-absorbing blocks provided in the present invention can make the device have a higher energy absorption capacity. Both the sinusoidal tension members and the re-entrant honeycomb energy-absorbing blocks are negative Poisson's ratio structural energy-absorbing components. The negative Poisson's ratio structure has the deformation characteristics of compression-expansion and stretching-expansion. The curve of the sinusoidal tension member intercepts a complete cycle of the sine curve, and uses its longitudinal stretching and lateral expansion characteristics to achieve energy absorption; the re-entrant honeycomb energy-absorbing block uses a rectangular honeycomb block composed of a rotating array of re-entrant monomers to provide compressive resistance to the cable end fixing block, and uses the longitudinal compression and lateral expansion characteristics of the negative Poisson's ratio structure. The new anchor cable uses two negative Poisson's ratio structures to absorb energy, which gets rid of the previous defect of energy absorption by deformation of the steel cable. The large deformation of the new structure can instantly obtain a huge energy absorption capacity, which solves the problem that the anchor cable device cannot fully meet the large deformation of energy absorption, thereby improving the use effect of the device.

[0014] (2) The rigid cylindrical tension spring provided in the present invention is located between the cable end fixing block and the sinusoidal tension member, and plays the role of buffering and dispersing energy. The sinusoidal tension member is integrated with the first connecting ring, and the cable end fixing block is integrated with the second connecting ring. The hooks at both ends of the four rigid cylindrical tension springs are respectively hung on the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring. During operation, the steel cable transmits axial tension to the cable end fixing block. After the cable end fixing block is subjected to force, it begins to compress the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block toward the energy absorbing box close to the cable end. As the compression amount increases, the cable end fixing block moves, and at the same time, the rigid cylindrical tension spring is stretched by force. When the rigid cylindrical tension spring is stretched to a certain length, the force acting on the sinusoidal tension member gradually increases. When the rigid cylindrical tension spring is fully deformed and reaches the stretching limit, the axial force is completely transmitted to the sinusoidal tension member, thereby playing the role of buffering in the early stage of operation and energy transmission in the later stage of operation.

[0015] (3) The warning lights, the first-level warning pressure-bearing components, the second-level warning pressure-bearing components, the third-level warning pressure-bearing components and the matching sinusoidal tension members provided in the present invention realize real-time visual warning. The sinusoidal tension member belongs to the negative Poisson's ratio structure and has the deformation characteristics of the negative Poisson's ratio structure. In this device, the sinusoidal tension member will expand laterally when it receives axial tension. The first-level warning pressure element, the second-level warning pressure element, and the third-level warning pressure element are triggered in sequence as the sinusoidal tension member expands laterally. After the warning element is triggered, the signal is transmitted to the external warning light through the wire tube in a fixed position. The warning light is not on when the first-level warning is not triggered. After the first-level warning is triggered, the warning light is green, indicating that the steel cable has been subjected to a certain shear force caused by the surrounding rock deformation. After the second-level warning is triggered, the color of the warning light changes from green to yellow, indicating that the anchor device has absorbed a large amount of energy. After the third-level warning is triggered, the color of the warning light changes from yellow to red, indicating that the components inside the energy absorption box of the anchor device have almost reached the deformation limit, the steel cable is subjected to a large force, and the surrounding rock deformation at the disturbed location is obvious. At this time, external staff need to be cautious in construction, always pay attention to changes in the tunnel, and inspect the anchor device or evacuate in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of the energy absorption-warning component structure in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the connecting rings on the surface of the cable end fixing block in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the re-entrant monomer in the present invention

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a single body of the honeycomb structure used in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top and bottom structures of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block in the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. warning light; 2. tray; 3. pad; 4. first-level warning pressure element; 5. second-level warning pressure element; 6. third-level warning pressure element; 7. rigid cylindrical tension spring; 8. rope end fixing block; 9. re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block; 10. steel cable; 11. energy absorbing box; 12. energy absorbing block fixing sleeve; 13. second connecting ring; 14. first connecting ring; 15. sinusoidal tension member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example:

[0026] A new type of anchor cable with intelligent early warning, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a steel cable 10 and an energy absorbing box 11. The steel cable 10 passes through one side of the energy absorbing box 11 and extends into the energy absorbing box 11. One end of the steel cable 10 located in the energy absorbing box 11 is fixedly connected to a cable end fixing block 8. A re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 is provided between the cable end fixing block 8 and the energy absorbing box 11. The end of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 away from the cable end fixing block 8 is connected to an energy absorbing block fixing sleeve 12. The energy absorbing block fixing sleeve 12 is welded to the energy absorbing box 11. Four evenly distributed second connecting rings 13 are provided at the end of the cable end fixing block 8 away from the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve 12. The second connecting ring 13 is connected to one end of a rigid cylindrical tension spring 7. The other end of the rigid cylindrical tension spring 7 is connected to a first connecting ring 14. The first connecting ring 14 is welded with a sinusoidal tension member 15. The sinusoidal tension member 15 is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing box 11.

[0027] The rigid cylindrical tension spring 7 is located between the cable end fixing block 8 and the sinusoidal tension member 15, and plays the role of buffering and dispersing energy. During operation, the steel cable 10 transmits axial tension to the cable end fixing block 8. After the cable end fixing block 8 is subjected to force, it begins to compress the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 toward the energy absorbing box 11 close to the end of the steel cable 10. As the compression amount increases, the cable end fixing block 8 moves, and at the same time, the rigid cylindrical tension spring 7 is stretched by force. When the rigid cylindrical tension spring 7 is stretched to a certain length, the force acting on the sinusoidal tension member 15 gradually increases. When the rigid cylindrical tension spring 7 is fully deformed and reaches the stretching limit, the axial force is completely transmitted to the sinusoidal tension member 15, thereby playing the role of buffering in the early stage of operation and energy transmission in the later stage of operation.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the anchor device includes two negative Poisson's ratio structural energy absorbing devices, namely, a reentrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 and a sinusoidal tension member 15. Poisson's ratio is also called the lateral deformation coefficient, which is expressed by the formula ν = -ε x / ε y (ε x represents the transverse strain, ε y Represents longitudinal strain). At present, the classic honeycomb negative Poisson's ratio structures include: hexagonal, square, triangle, re-entrant, and double V-shaped. Among them, the re-entrant structure has the largest Poisson's ratio distribution and the highest energy absorption capacity, so the re-entrant negative Poisson's ratio structure is selected (see Figure 4 ) is the monomer rotation (see Figure 5 ) constitutes a re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 (see Figure 7 ), which has the characteristics of light weight, high energy absorption rate and earthquake resistance of negative Poisson's ratio structure. The sinusoidal tension member 15 formed by rotating the complete cycle of the sinusoidal curve to form a hollow three-dimensional solid is also a negative Poisson's ratio energy absorption structure. It uses its smooth curve and stretching-expansion characteristics to achieve the purpose of energy absorption and triggering warning at the same time. The combination of the two negative Poisson's ratio structures solves the problem of the difficulty of anchor cable structure in absorbing large energy deformation and deformation warning.

[0029] A pad 3 is provided on the outside of the end of the energy absorbing box 11 away from the steel cable 10, and a tray 2 is provided on the end of the pad 3 away from the energy absorbing box 11. A warning light 1 is riveted in the middle of the tray 2. A first-level warning pressure element 4, a second-level warning pressure element 5 and a third-level warning pressure element 6 are provided on the inner side of the energy absorbing box 11 near the sine tension member 15, and the warning light 1 is electrically connected to the first-level warning pressure element 4, the second-level warning pressure element 5 and the third-level warning pressure element 6. The tray 2 and the pad 3 have wire holes for the external warning light 1 to connect the first-level warning pressure element 4, the second-level warning pressure element 5 and the third-level warning pressure element 6 in the energy absorbing box 11. An anti-corrosion battery device is arranged in the warning light 1 for warning use. The three groups of pressure warning elements are all pressure-triggered signal sensors with simple principles and structures, and can be used for a long time in conjunction with the external warning light 1. The sinusoidal tension member 15 belongs to a negative Poisson's ratio structure and has a negative Poisson's ratio structural deformation characteristic. In this device, the sinusoidal tension member 15 will expand laterally when receiving axial tension. The first-level warning pressure element 4, the second-level warning pressure element 5, and the third-level warning pressure element 6 are triggered in sequence as the sinusoidal tension member 15 expands laterally. After the warning element is triggered, the signal is transmitted to the external warning light 1 through the wire tube at a fixed position. When the first-level warning is not triggered, the warning light 1 is not on. After the first-level warning is triggered, the warning light 1 is green, indicating that the steel cable 10 has been subjected to a certain shear force caused by the surrounding rock deformation. After the second-level warning is triggered, the color of the warning light 1 changes from green to yellow, indicating that the anchor device has absorbed a large amount of energy. After the third-level warning is triggered, the color of the warning light 1 changes from yellow to red, indicating that the internal components of the energy absorption box 11 of the anchor device have almost reached the deformation limit, the steel cable 10 is subjected to a large force, and the surrounding rock deformation at the disturbed location is obvious. At this time, external staff need to be cautious in construction, always pay attention to changes in the tunnel, and inspect or evacuate the anchor device in time.

[0030] A total of five components, namely, the warning light 1, the sinusoidal tension member 15, the cable end fixing block 8, the energy absorption box 11 and the steel cable 10, are concentrically arranged.

[0031] The sinusoidal tension member 15 and the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 are both negative Poisson's ratio structural energy absorbing components.

[0032] The diameter of the concentric circles of the four first connecting rings 14 is greater than the diameter of the concentric circles of the four second connecting rings 13 .

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a cylindrical space is reserved between the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9, the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve 12 and the energy absorbing box 11 for the steel cable 10 to pass through, and the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical space is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the steel cable 10. In the early stage of operation, the traction force of the steel cable 10 can be completely converted into the pressure of the cable end fixing block 8 on the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 through the cable end fixing block 8.

[0034] As shown in the figure Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the diameter of the cross-section circle of the cable end fixing block 8 is greater than the diagonal length of the cross-section square of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9, the side length of the cross-section square of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9 is less than the side length of the inner cross-section square of the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve 12, and the diagonal length of the outer cross-section square of the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve 12 is less than the inner diameter of the energy absorbing box 11. The energy absorbing block fixing sleeve 12 is welded to the end of the steel cable 10 in the energy absorbing box 11, and the intersection of the diagonal of the cross-section square of the cable end fixing block 8 is coaxial with the center of the cross-section circle, which plays a role in fixing the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block 9, so that it is not easy to dislodge when subjected to force compression.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] During operation, the deformation of the surrounding rock brings traction to the steel cable 10, which is converted into axial tension in the energy absorption box 11. The cable end fixing block 8 compresses the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorption block 9. As the energy absorption block is compressed, after reaching a certain displacement, the rigid cylindrical tension spring 7 starts to work and absorbs part of the energy. At the same time, the rigid cylindrical spring brings a tensile effect to the sinusoidal tension member 15 through the connecting ring. The sinusoidal compression member is riveted to the pad 3 to disperse the remaining energy to the surface of the tunnel to stabilize the rock layer. When the sinusoidal tension member 15 is not deformed, the external warning light 1 is not on. As the sinusoidal tension member 15 is stretched and deformed, its middle part gradually expands outward, triggering the first-level warning pressure element 4. At this time, the warning light 1 is green, indicating that the first-level warning is triggered. At this time, the steel cable 10 has been subjected to a certain shear force caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock. As the sinusoidal tension member 15 continues to deform, the second-level warning pressure element 5 is triggered, and the color of the warning light 1 changes from green to yellow, indicating that the surrounding rock has been deformed to a certain extent, and at this time, it means that the anchor device has absorbed a large amount of energy. The sinusoidal tension member 15 continues to deform until the third-level warning pressure element 6 is triggered, and the color of the warning light 1 changes from yellow to red. At this time, the internal components of the energy absorption box 11 of the anchor device have almost reached the deformation limit, the steel cable 10 is under great force, and the surrounding rock at the disturbed location is obviously deformed. At this time, external staff need to be cautious in construction, pay attention to changes in the tunnel at all times, and inspect the anchor device or evacuate in time.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of anchor cable with intelligent early warning, Its characteristics are: The invention comprises a steel cable (10) and an energy absorbing box (11), wherein the steel cable (10) passes through one side of the energy absorbing box (11) and extends into the energy absorbing box (11), wherein one end of the steel cable (10) located in the energy absorbing box (11) is fixedly connected to a cable end fixing block (8), a re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block (9) is arranged between the cable end fixing block (8) and the energy absorbing box (11), and an end of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block (9) away from the cable end fixing block (8) is connected to an energy absorbing block fixing sleeve (12), and the energy absorbing block The fixing sleeve (12) is welded to the energy absorbing box (11); one end of the cable end fixing block (8) away from the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve (12) is provided with four evenly distributed second connecting rings (13); the second connecting ring (13) is connected to one end of a rigid cylindrical tension spring (7); the other end of the rigid cylindrical tension spring (7) is connected to a first connecting ring (14); the first connecting ring (14) is welded with a sinusoidal tension member (15); and the sinusoidal tension member (15) is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing box (11).

2. According to claim 1, a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable, Its characteristics are: A pad (3) is provided on the outside of the end of the energy absorbing box (11) away from the steel cable (10), and a tray (2) is provided on the end of the pad (3) away from the energy absorbing box (11). A warning light (1) is riveted to the middle of the tray (2). A first-level warning pressure element (4), a second-level warning pressure element (5) and a third-level warning pressure element (6) are provided on the inner side of the energy absorbing box (11) near the sinusoidal tension member (15), and the warning light (1) is electrically connected to the first-level warning pressure element (4), the second-level warning pressure element (5) and the third-level warning pressure element (6). The tray (2) and the pad (3) have wire holes for the external warning light (1) to connect the first-level warning pressure element (4), the second-level warning pressure element (5) and the third-level warning pressure element (6) in the energy absorbing box (11).

3. According to claim 2, a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable, Its characteristics are: The five components, namely the warning light (1), the sinusoidal tension member (15), the cable end fixing block (8), the energy absorption box (11) and the steel cable (10), are arranged concentrically.

4. According to claim 1, a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable, Its characteristics are: The sinusoidal tension member (15) and the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block (9) are both negative Poisson's ratio structural energy absorbing components.

5. According to claim 1, a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable, Its characteristics are: The concentric circle diameters of the four first connecting rings (14) are greater than the concentric circle diameters of the four second connecting rings (13).

6. According to claim 1, a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable, Its characteristics are: A cylindrical space is reserved between the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block (9), the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve (12) and the energy absorbing box (11) for the steel cable (10) to pass through, and the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical space is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the steel cable (10).

7. According to claim 1, a new type of intelligent early warning anchor cable, Its characteristics are: The circular diameter of the cross section of the cable end fixing block (8) is greater than the diagonal length of the cross section square of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block (9), the side length of the cross section square of the re-entrant honeycomb energy absorbing block (9) is less than the side length of the inner cross section square of the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve (12), and the diagonal length of the outer cross section square of the energy absorbing block fixing sleeve (12) is less than the inner diameter of the energy absorbing box (11).

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