Automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep-hole inverted cavity and use method of automatic measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-long deep hole inversion cavity automatic measurement device and a use method, and solves the problems of complex surface shape, difficult measurement, low portability, limited deep end measurement space, low measurement precision, low efficiency and the like in inversion cavity deep hole measurement research by adopting an integrated non-contact optical measurement means. A telescopic integrated measuring structure is adopted, the whole core measuring structure is protected through the shell and the square sleeve, the multi-unit design of spring tensioning positioning, rotating, moving, measuring and the like is adopted, and the device is firm, durable, simple in structure, good in portability, convenient to use and capable of being suitable for severe measuring environments; movement mechanisms in three directions are designed, axial movement, circumferential movement and radial movement are achieved, the position of the laser displacement sensor is adjusted through the design of axial movement, circumferential rotation and radial adjustment, the requirement for measuring the hole diameter of the complex surface of the inner wall of an inverted cavity is met, telescopic multi-hole-diameter measurement is achieved, and the telescopic multi-hole-diameter measurement device is suitable for the situation that the measurement space changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to an automatic measurement device for an ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A deep hole reverse cavity refers to a groove or cavity with a completely opposite shape that is specially made around the deep hole during the deep hole processing in order to measure or inspect the shape and size of the deep hole. This groove or cavity is called a reverse cavity and is located on the surface of the workpiece. Reverse cavity deep hole part measurement technology is widely used in multiple industries. Due to its accuracy and adaptability, it is mainly concentrated in the fields of aerospace, automotive industry, medical equipment, military equipment, construction machinery, etc. There are many difficult problems in measurement, such as complex deep hole cavities, difficulty in direct contact inside, small size and shape tolerances, high accuracy requirements, easy destruction of the internal structure of the deep hole, narrow space, and the large aspect ratio of the deep hole limits the measurement range.

[0003] The traditional method of detecting reverse cavity deep holes is to use three-coordinate measurement to measure a small distance of the deep hole opening. However, due to the internal space limitation of ultra-long deep holes, the deep blind hole end can only be roughly measured with a vernier caliper, height gauge, micrometer, etc. Its diameter, depth and shape may be limited in accuracy and difficult to operate. It can only make qualitative judgments to determine whether it is qualified or not, and cannot measure the precise actual size. At present, the research on reverse cavity deep hole measurement has problems such as low measurement accuracy and low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic measuring device and method for an ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity, which can efficiently and accurately measure important technical parameters such as the aperture, roundness, arc angle, taper angle and straightness of the reverse cavity deep hole.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An automatic measuring device for an ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity, comprising a carbon fiber square tube, a steel sleeve B, a connecting square sleeve, a support tube, a hand-held handle, an aviation socket, a tensioning assembly, a steel sleeve A, a supporting assembly, a handle, a rotating unit, a connecting long plate, a translation unit, a measuring unit, a height gauge and a height gauge mounting plate;

[0007] The left end of the carbon fiber square tube is connected to the right end of the steel sleeve B, the left end of the steel sleeve B is connected to the right end of the connecting square sleeve, the left end of the connecting square sleeve is connected to the right end of the supporting tube, the left end of the supporting tube is connected to the right end of the hand-held handle, and the left end of the hand-held handle is installed with an aviation socket; the right part of the carbon fiber square tube is connected to the left end of the steel sleeve A; there are two supporting components, which are respectively installed at the bottom of the steel sleeve A and the steel sleeve B, and there are two tensioning components, which are respectively installed at the top of the carbon fiber square tube symmetrically front and back;

[0008] The connecting long plate is fixed to the connecting long plate as an L-shaped folded plate, the axial plate is a long plate, and the radial plate is a short plate and is located at the right end of the axial plate; the radial plate of the connecting long plate is connected to the rotation unit, and the axial plate is connected to the translation unit;

[0009] The tensioning assembly includes a push rod frame, an electric push rod, a sliding gasket, a wedge-shaped pull block, a torsion spring and a swing rod; the push rod frame is a rectangular slot structure, with the slot facing upward, the inner end closed with a small slot and the outer end open; the fixing part of the electric push rod is installed in the small slot of the push rod frame, the protruding rod end of the electric push rod is connected to the inner end of the wedge-shaped pull block, the upper outer end of the wedge-shaped pull block is rollingly connected to the inner end of the swing rod, the lower outer end of the wedge-shaped pull block is slidingly connected to the sliding gasket, the sliding gasket is fixedly installed in the outer end slot of the push rod frame, the inner and outer ends of the swing rod are fixedly installed with rolling bearings by short cylindrical pins, the swing rod is fixedly installed in the outer end slot of the push rod frame by long cylindrical pins, and torsion springs are respectively embedded in the long cylindrical pins on both sides of the push rod frame;

[0010] The support assembly includes a foot seat, a plug-in leg, a push rod, a spring and a set screw; the two plug-in legs are symmetrically installed in the front and rear through holes of the foot seat; the outer ends of the plug-in legs are two-step cylinders, and the inner ends are cylinders with annular conical grooves; there are two push rods, the top ends of the push rods are spherical, and the front sections are cylindrical, the springs are nested on the cylinders, the set screws are installed at the front of the foot seat through a threaded hole, and are in contact with the front end surface of the push rod; the top end of the push rod is in contact with the annular conical groove at the inner end of the plug-in leg;

[0011] The translation unit is composed of a linear module, including a slide rail, a fixed block, a linear motor, a grating ruler and a limit switch; the fixed block is installed at the right end of the carbon fiber square tube and is fixedly connected to the carbon fiber square tube and the steel sleeve A by bolts; the grating ruler reading head is installed on the fixed block; the slide rail is slidably connected to the fixed block to form a sliding pair; the linear motor is installed inside the slide rail;

[0012] The measuring unit comprises a turntable connecting plate, a right-angle frame, a micro push rod, a laser displacement sensor, an endoscope and a measuring unit housing; the micro push rod comprises a micro push rod fixing part, a micro push rod moving part and a push rod motor; the turntable connecting plate is fixed on the hollow turntable of the rotating unit; the left side of the right-angle frame is fixed on the turntable connecting plate, and the right side is connected to the micro push rod fixing part; the sensor mounting frame is fixedly connected to the micro push rod moving part; the push rod motor is installed on the micro push rod fixing part; the laser displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor mounting frame by screws, and the laser beam generated by the laser displacement sensor is emitted radially along the hollow turntable, and the emitted light is located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the hollow turntable; the endoscope mounting frame is fixedly connected to the moving part of the micro push rod, and the endoscope is fixedly mounted on the endoscope mounting frame;

[0013] The height gauge mounting plate is mounted on the height gauge head housing, the left end of the height gauge is mounted on the steel sleeve B through the height gauge mounting plate, and the height gauge body and the right end are respectively fixed to the carbon fiber square sleeve by two height gauge mounting blocks through screws.

[0014] Furthermore, a large square hole is arranged at the right end of the steel sleeve B, and a small square hole is arranged at the left end.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating unit includes a hollow turntable, a turntable bracket and a rotating motor; the hollow turntable and the rotating motor are both installed on the turntable bracket, and the turntable bracket is fixed on a radial plate connecting the long plate; the axis of the hollow turntable is colinear with the axis of the carbon fiber square tube, and the large gear ring of the hollow turntable is meshed with the small gear at the end of the rotating motor shaft; the axis of the rotating motor deviates from the axis of the hollow turntable and is parallel to the axis of the hollow turntable.

[0016] Furthermore, a ventilation hole in the front-to-back direction is opened in the middle of the rear side of the foot seat; the front end of the ventilation hole is connected with the through holes on the left and right sides of the plug-in leg.

[0017] Furthermore, the plug-in leg is a front-to-back symmetrical structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the conical annular groove at the insertion end of the swap leg cooperates with the ball head of the ejector rod ejected by the spring when the swap leg is inserted into the foot seat, so as to position the swap leg.

[0019] Furthermore, there are multiple groups of the swap legs, each group of the swap legs has a different length, and the swap legs in the same group have the same length. The swap legs in different groups are used for whole group replacement to adapt to different longer and deeper hole diameter requirements.

[0020] A method for using an automatic measuring device for an ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity comprises the following steps:

[0021] A. Calibrate the fixed length L'

[0022] Install the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device on the calibration device, record the fixed length section on the calibration device as L, the fixed distance from the laser displacement sensor emission position to the zero point of the slide rail as L1, the extended length of the slide rail as L2, and the height gauge reading as L3. Use L to calibrate the fixed length L' of the middle part of the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device. The calibration steps are as follows:

[0023] A1. Use a three-coordinate measuring instrument to calibrate the fixed distance L1 from the laser displacement sensor emission position on the measuring device to the zero point position of the slide rail and the fixed length segment L on the calibration device;

[0024] A2. Install the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device on the calibration device, stretch the height gauge to the end of the fixed section L on the calibration device, and record the height gauge reading L3;

[0025] A3, drive the slide rail to move, drive the laser displacement sensor to the head end of the fixed section L, and the grating ruler reading head records the extended length L2 of the slide rail;

[0026] A4. Calculate the fixed length L' of the middle part of the automatic measuring device for super-long deep hole reverse cavity. The formula is as follows:

[0027] L'=L-L1-L2-L3

[0028] B. Positioning in the tube

[0029] The electric push rod of the top tensioning assembly is in the extended state by default, at which time the two swing rods are lifted by the torsion spring; when in use, the electric push rod of the top tensioning assembly is driven to retract, at which time the two swing rods are flattened, and the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device is pushed into the deep hole reverse cavity part. A flange with an arc segment is processed on the end face of the plug-in leg of the support assembly, and the entire device is supported on the lower wall of the inner hole of the deep hole reverse cavity part through the cooperation between the flange and the inner hole generatrix of the deep hole reverse cavity part, and the electric push rod of the top tensioning assembly is driven to extend again, and the two swing rods are lifted by the torsion spring again, and the swing rods are against the upper wall of the inner hole of the deep hole reverse cavity part, completing the in-tube positioning of the entire device;

[0030] C. Measurement

[0031] C1. Cross-section measurement

[0032] During measurement, the linear motor drives the slide rail to drive the measuring unit to translate along the inner hole axis of the deep hole reverse cavity part, the rotary motor drives the hollow turntable to drive the measuring unit to rotate around the axis of the deep hole reverse cavity, and the micro push rod motor drives the measuring unit to move in the radial direction to achieve the measurement of the aperture, roundness, straightness, arc angle, taper and depth of the deep hole reverse cavity. The specific steps are as follows;

[0033] C11. During cross-section measurement, the linear motor drives the slide rail to move the measuring unit along the hole axis to the measured cross-section. The micro push rod adjusts the radial extension amount according to the cross-section aperture to be measured by the laser displacement sensor at this time. After reaching the effective measurement range of the laser displacement sensor, the central control turntable drives the laser displacement sensor to rotate 360° around the axis to collect points and record them, record the axial depth position L", and record multiple sets of laser displacement sensor readings;

[0034] C12. After the data collection of the current section to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, move to the next section to be measured, repeat step C11 until the measurement of all sections to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, process the data of the section to be measured by a computer, and fit the aperture and roundness of the section to be measured by the least square method;

[0035] C13. Obtain the position data of points at different cross sections through actual measurement, calculate the position of the center of each measured cross section by using the least square method, fit the actual axis through the center of the circle at different cross sections, and calculate the straightness of the cylindrical section of the measured piece by using the minimum area inclusion method;

[0036] C2. Busbar measurement

[0037] C21. When measuring the busbar, the linear motor drives the slide rail to move the measuring unit along the hole axis to the starting point of the arc segment or cone segment to be measured. The hollow turntable is locked to the 0° direction in the circumferential direction, and the reading of the laser displacement sensor at this point is recorded. The axial position L" is recorded, and the laser displacement sensor moves slowly along the axial direction of the busbar. While moving, the micro push rod adjusts the radial extension amount according to the distance between the laser displacement sensor and the busbar to be measured at this time to ensure that the laser displacement sensor reading is valid during the movement, and multiple sets of axial positions and laser displacement sensor readings are recorded;

[0038] C22. After the data collection of the current busbar to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, the hollow turntable is rotated to 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively, and the measurement process in step C21 is repeated until the measurement of the busbar to be measured in four directions of each arc segment or cone segment of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, the busbar data of the arc segment or cone segment to be measured is processed by a computer, and the arc angle and cone angle of the arc segment and cone segment are fitted by the least squares method.

[0039] C23. Obtain the axial movement L2 of the measuring unit through actual measurement, thereby determining each depth value L", and the formula is as follows:

[0040] L" = L1 + L2 + L' + L3.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0042] 1. The present invention adopts an integrated non-contact optical measurement method to solve the problems existing in the research of inverse cavity deep hole measurement, such as complex surface shape, difficult measurement, low portability, limited deep end measurement space, low measurement accuracy and low efficiency.

[0043] 2. The present invention adopts a retractable integrated measuring structure, which protects the entire core measuring structure through a shell and a square sleeve, and adopts a multi-unit design such as spring tension positioning, rotation and movement, and measurement. It is strong and durable, has a simple structure, good portability, is easy to use, and can be applied to harsh measuring environments;

[0044] 3. The present invention designs a motion mechanism in three directions to realize axial, circumferential and radial motion. The design of axial movement, circumferential rotation and radial adjustment is used to adjust the position of the laser displacement sensor to meet the aperture measurement requirements of the complex surface of the inner wall of the inverse cavity, and realize retractable multi-aperture measurement. It is suitable for situations where the measurement space changes, and each motion unit of the device is flexible in movement, has good rigidity, high motion accuracy and compact structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the present invention in a state where installation is completed.

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the spring tensioning assembly of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the support assembly of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the matching position of the plug-in leg and the push rod of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the rotation and translation unit of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the measuring unit of the present invention (without the measuring unit housing).

[0051] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the calibration device and the axial depth position calibration process of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure: 1 is a fiber square tube, 2 is a steel sleeve B, 3 is a connecting square sleeve, 4 is a support tube, 5 is a hand handle, 6 is an aviation socket, 7 is a tensioning assembly, 8 is a steel sleeve A, 9 is a support assembly, 10 is a handle, 11 is a rotating unit, 12 is a connecting long board, 13 is a translation unit, 14 is a measuring unit, 15 is a height gauge, 16 is a height gauge mounting plate, 17 is a push rod frame, 18 is an electric push rod, 19 is a sliding gasket, 20 is a wedge-shaped pull block, 21 is a torsion spring, 22 is a swing rod, 23 is a foot seat, and 24 is a plug-in leg , 25 is a push rod, 26 is a spring, 27 is a set screw, 28 is a hollow turntable, 29 is a rotating motor, 30 is a slide rail, 31 is a fixed block, 32 is a linear motor, 33 is a grating ruler, 34 is a limit switch, 35 is a turntable connecting plate, 36 is a right-angle frame, 37 is a micro push rod fixing part, 38 is a micro push rod moving part, 39 is a push rod motor, 40 is a sensor mounting bracket, 41 is a laser displacement sensor, 42 is an endoscope mounting bracket, 43 is an endoscope, 44 is a measuring unit housing, and 45 is a vent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-7 As shown, an automatic measuring device for an ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity includes a carbon fiber square tube 1, a steel sleeve B2, a connecting square sleeve 3, a support tube 4, a hand-held handle 5, an aviation socket 6, a tensioning component 7, a steel sleeve A8, a support component 9, a handle 10, a rotating unit 11, a connecting long plate 12, a translation unit 13, a measuring unit 14, a height gauge 15 and a height gauge mounting plate 16;

[0054] The left end of the carbon fiber square tube 1 is connected to the right end of the steel sleeve B2, the left end of the steel sleeve B2 is connected to the right end of the connecting square sleeve 3, the left end of the connecting square sleeve 3 is connected to the right end of the supporting tube 4, the left end of the supporting tube 4 is connected to the right end of the hand-held handle 5, and the left end of the hand-held handle 5 is installed with an aviation socket 6; the right part of the carbon fiber square tube 1 is connected to the left end of the steel sleeve A8; there are two supporting components 9, which are respectively installed at the bottom of the steel sleeve A8 and the steel sleeve B2, and there are two tensioning components 7, which are respectively installed at the top of the carbon fiber square tube 1 symmetrically front and back;

[0055] The connecting long plate 12 is an L-shaped folded plate, the axial plate is a long plate, and the radial plate is a short plate and is located at the right end of the axial plate; the radial plate of the connecting long plate 12 is connected to the rotation unit 11, and the axial plate is connected to the translation unit 13;

[0056] The tensioning assembly 7 includes a push rod frame 17, an electric push rod 18, a sliding gasket 19, a wedge-shaped pull block 20, a torsion spring 21 and a swing rod 22; the push rod frame 17 is a rectangular groove structure, with the notch facing upward, the inner end closed with a small notch, and the outer end open; the fixing piece of the electric push rod 18 is installed in the small notch of the push rod frame 17, the extended rod end of the electric push rod 18 is connected to the inner end of the wedge-shaped pull block 20, the upper outer end of the wedge-shaped pull block 20 is rollingly connected to the inner end of the swing rod 22, the lower outer end of the wedge-shaped pull block 20 is slidingly connected to the sliding gasket 19, the sliding gasket 19 is fixedly installed in the outer end groove of the push rod frame 17, the inner and outer ends of the swing rod 22 are fixedly installed with rolling bearings by short cylindrical pins, the swing rod 22 is fixedly installed in the outer end groove of the push rod frame 17 by long cylindrical pins, and the torsion springs 21 are respectively embedded on the long cylindrical pins on both sides of the push rod frame 17;

[0057] The support assembly 9 includes a foot seat 23, a plug-in leg 24, a push rod 25, a spring 26 and a set screw 27; there are two plug-in legs 24, which are symmetrically installed in the front and rear through holes of the foot seat 23; the outer end of the plug-in leg 24 is a two-step cylinder, and the inner end is a cylinder with an annular conical groove; there are two push rods 25, the top end of the push rod 25 is spherical, and the front section is a cylinder, the spring 26 is nested on the cylinder, and the set screw 27 is installed at the front part of the foot seat 23 through a threaded hole and contacts with the front end surface of the push rod 25; the top end of the push rod 25 contacts with the annular conical groove at the inner end of the plug-in leg 24;

[0058] The translation unit 13 is composed of a linear module, including a slide rail 30, a fixed block 31, a linear motor 32, a grating ruler 33 and a limit switch 34; the fixed block 31 is installed at the right end of the carbon fiber square tube 1, and is fixedly connected to the carbon fiber square tube 1 and the steel sleeve A8 by bolts; the grating ruler 33 reading head is installed on the fixed block 31; the slide rail 30 is slidably connected to the fixed block 31 to form a sliding pair; the linear motor 32 is installed inside the slide rail 30;

[0059] The measuring unit 14 includes a turntable connecting disk 35, a right-angle frame 36, a micro push rod, a laser displacement sensor 41, an endoscope 43 and a measuring unit housing 44; the micro push rod includes a micro push rod fixing part 37, a micro push rod moving part 38 and a push rod motor 39; the turntable connecting disk 35 is fixed on the hollow turntable 28 of the rotating unit 11; the left side of the right-angle frame 36 is fixed on the turntable connecting disk 35, and the right side is connected to the micro push rod fixing part 37; the sensor mounting frame 40 is fixedly connected to the micro push rod moving part 38; the push rod motor 39 is installed on the micro push rod fixing part 37; the laser displacement sensor 41 is fixedly connected to the sensor mounting frame 40 by screws, and the laser beam generated by the laser displacement sensor 41 is radially emitted along the hollow turntable 28, and the emitted light is located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the hollow turntable 28; the endoscope mounting frame 42 is fixedly connected to the moving part of the micro push rod, and the endoscope 43 is fixedly mounted on the endoscope mounting frame 42;

[0060] The height gauge mounting plate 16 is mounted on the head housing of the height gauge 15, the left end of the height gauge 15 is mounted on the steel sleeve B2 through the height gauge mounting plate 16, and the body and right end of the height gauge 15 are respectively fixed to the carbon fiber square sleeve by two height gauge 15 mounting blocks through screws;

[0061] Furthermore, a large square hole is provided at the right end of the steel sleeve B2, and a small square hole is provided at the left end;

[0062] Furthermore, the rotating unit 11 includes a hollow turntable 28, a turntable bracket and a rotating motor 29; the hollow turntable 28 and the rotating motor 29 are both installed on the turntable bracket, and the turntable bracket is fixed on a radial plate connected to the long plate 12; the axis of the hollow turntable 28 is colinear with the axis of the carbon fiber square tube 1, and the large gear ring of the hollow turntable 28 is meshed with the small gear at the shaft end of the rotating motor 29; the axis of the rotating motor 29 deviates from the axis of the hollow turntable 28 and is parallel to the axis of the hollow turntable 28.

[0063] Furthermore, a ventilation hole 45 in the front-to-back direction is opened in the middle of the rear side of the foot seat 23 ; the front end of the ventilation hole 45 is connected to the through holes on the left and right sides of the plug-in leg 24 .

[0064] Furthermore, the plug-in leg 24 is a front-to-back symmetrical structure.

[0065] Furthermore, the conical annular groove at the insertion end of the plug-in leg 24 cooperates with the ball head of the ejector rod 25 ejected by the spring 26 when the plug-in leg 24 is inserted into the foot seat 23, so as to position the plug-in leg 24.

[0066] Furthermore, there are multiple groups of the swap legs 24, each group of the swap legs 24 has a different length, and the lengths of the same group of swap legs 24 are the same. The swap legs 24 of different groups are used for whole group replacement to adapt to different longer and deeper hole diameter requirements.

[0067] A method for using an automatic measuring device for an ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity comprises the following steps:

[0068] B. Calibrate the fixed length L'

[0069] Install the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device on the calibration device, record the fixed length section on the calibration device as L, the fixed distance from the emission position of the laser displacement sensor 41 to the zero position of the slide rail 30 as L1, the extended length of the slide rail 30 as L2, and the reading of the height gauge 15 as L3. Use L to calibrate the fixed length L' of the middle part of the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device. The calibration steps are as follows:

[0070] A1. Use a three-coordinate measuring instrument to calibrate the fixed distance L1 from the emission position of the laser displacement sensor 41 on the measuring device to the zero position of the slide rail 30 and the fixed length segment L on the calibration device;

[0071] A2. Install the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device on the calibration device, stretch the height gauge 15 to the end of the fixed section L on the calibration device, and record the reading L3 of the height gauge 15;

[0072] A3, drive the slide rail 30 to move, drive the laser displacement sensor 41 to the head end of the fixed section L, and the grating ruler 33 reading head records the extended length L2 of the slide rail 30;

[0073] A4. Calculate the fixed length L' of the middle part of the automatic measuring device for super-long deep hole reverse cavity. The formula is as follows:

[0074] L'=L-L1-L2-L3

[0075] B. Positioning in the tube

[0076] The electric push rod 18 of the top tensioning assembly 7 is in the extended state by default, at which time the two swing rods 22 are lifted up by the torsion spring 21; when in use, the electric push rod 18 of the top tensioning assembly 7 is driven to retract, at which time the two swing rods 22 are flattened, and the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device is pushed into the deep hole reverse cavity part, and a flange with a circular arc segment is processed on the end face of the plug-in leg 24 of the support assembly 9, and the whole device is supported on the lower wall of the inner hole of the deep hole reverse cavity part through the cooperation between the flange and the inner hole generatrix of the deep hole reverse cavity part, and the electric push rod 18 of the top tensioning assembly 7 is driven to extend again, and the two swing rods 22 are lifted up by the torsion spring 21 again, and the swing rod 22 is against the upper wall of the inner hole of the deep hole reverse cavity part, completing the in-tube positioning of the whole device;

[0077] C. Measurement

[0078] C1. Cross-section measurement

[0079] During measurement, the linear motor 32 drives the slide rail 30 to drive the measuring unit 14 to translate along the inner hole axis direction of the deep hole reverse cavity part, the rotary motor 29 drives the hollow turntable 28 to drive the measuring unit 14 to rotate around the deep hole reverse cavity axis, and the micro push rod motor 39 drives the measuring unit 14 to move in the radial direction to achieve the measurement of the aperture, roundness, straightness, arc angle, taper and depth of the deep hole reverse cavity. The specific steps are as follows;

[0080] C11. During cross-section measurement, the linear motor 32 drives the slide rail 30 to drive the measuring unit 14 to move along the hole axis to the measured cross-section. The micro push rod adjusts the radial extension amount according to the cross-section aperture to be measured by the laser displacement sensor 41 at this time. After reaching the effective measurement range of the laser displacement sensor 41, the central control turntable drives the laser displacement sensor 41 to rotate 360° around the axis to collect points and record them, record the axial depth position L", and record multiple groups of laser displacement sensor 41 readings;

[0081] C12. After the data collection of the current section to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, move to the next section to be measured, repeat step C11 until the measurement of all sections to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, process the data of the section to be measured by a computer, and fit the aperture and roundness of the section to be measured by the least square method;

[0082] C13. Obtain the position data of points at different cross sections through actual measurement, calculate the position of the center of each measured cross section by using the least square method, fit the actual axis through the center of the circle at different cross sections, and calculate the straightness of the cylindrical section of the measured piece by using the minimum area inclusion method;

[0083] C2. Busbar measurement

[0084] C21. When measuring the busbar, the linear motor 32 drives the slide rail 30 to drive the measuring unit 14 to move along the hole axis to the starting point of the measured arc segment or cone segment. The hollow turntable 28 is locked to the 0° direction in the circumferential direction, and the reading of the laser displacement sensor 41 at this position is recorded. The axial position L" is recorded, and the laser displacement sensor 41 moves slowly along the axial direction of the busbar. While moving, the micro push rod adjusts the radial extension amount according to the distance between the laser displacement sensor 41 and the busbar to be measured at this time to ensure that the reading of the laser displacement sensor 41 is valid during the movement, and multiple groups of axial positions and readings of the laser displacement sensor 41 are recorded;

[0085] C22. After the data collection of the current busbar to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, the hollow turntable 28 is rotated to 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively, and the measurement process in step C21 is repeated until the measurement of the busbar to be measured in four directions of each arc segment or cone segment of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, the busbar data of the arc segment or cone segment to be measured is processed by a computer, and the arc angle and cone angle of the arc segment and cone segment are fitted by the least squares method;

[0086] C23. Obtain the axial movement L2 of the measuring unit 14 through actual measurement, thereby determining each depth value L' to be measured, and the formula is as follows:

[0087] L" = L1 + L2 + L' + L3.

[0088] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0089] The present invention has three motion axes, namely axial, circumferential and radial. When working, the multi-geometric measurement of deep hole reverse cavity is realized by controlling the linear motor 32 to drive the translation unit 13 to move circumferentially, controlling the rotary motor 29 to drive the measuring unit 14 to rotate circumferentially, and controlling the push rod motor 39 to drive the moving part to move radially.

[0090] The limit switch 34 of the present invention is used to limit the extreme position of the sliding rail 30 sliding left and right.

[0091] The micro push rod of the present invention extends radially, driving the laser displacement sensor 41 and the endoscope 43 to move radially together.

[0092] The rotary motor 29 of the present invention drives the hollow turntable 28 to perform circumferential rotation, and the hollow turntable 28 drives the measuring unit 14 to perform rotational measurement.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity, characterized in that: It comprises a carbon fiber square tube (1), a steel sleeve B (2), a connecting square sleeve (3), a support tube (4), a hand-held handle (5), an aviation socket (6), a tensioning assembly (7), a steel sleeve A (8), a support assembly (9), a handle (10), a rotating unit (11), a connecting long plate (12), a translation unit (13), a measuring unit (14), a height gauge (15) and a height gauge mounting plate (16); The left end of the carbon fiber square tube (1) is connected to the right end of the steel sleeve B (2), the left end of the steel sleeve B (2) is connected to the right end of the connecting square sleeve (3), the left end of the connecting square sleeve (3) is connected to the right end of the support tube (4), the left end of the support tube (4) is connected to the right end of the hand handle (5), and the left end of the hand handle (5) is installed with an aviation socket (6); the right part of the carbon fiber square tube (1) is connected to the left end of the steel sleeve A (8); there are two support components (9), which are respectively installed at the bottom of the steel sleeve A (8) and the steel sleeve B (2), and there are two tension components (7), which are respectively installed at the top of the carbon fiber square tube (1) symmetrically in front and back; The connecting long plate (12) is an L-shaped folded plate, the axial plate is a long plate, and the radial plate is a short plate located at the right end of the axial plate; the radial plate of the connecting long plate (12) is connected to the rotating unit (11), and the axial plate is connected to the translation unit (13); The tensioning assembly (7) comprises a push rod frame (17), an electric push rod (18), a sliding gasket (19), a wedge-shaped pull block (20), a torsion spring (21) and a swing rod (22); the push rod frame (17) is a rectangular slot structure, the slot is upward, the inner end is closed with a small slot, and the outer end is open; the fixing piece of the electric push rod (18) is installed in the small slot of the push rod frame (17), the protruding rod end of the electric push rod (18) is connected to the inner end of the wedge-shaped pull block (20), and the wedge-shaped pull block (20) is connected to the inner end of the wedge-shaped pull block (21). The upper outer end of the wedge-shaped pull block (20) is connected in a rolling manner to the inner end of the swing rod (22); the lower outer end of the wedge-shaped pull block (20) is connected in a sliding manner to a sliding gasket (19); the sliding gasket (19) is fixedly installed in the outer end groove of the push rod frame (17); the inner and outer ends of the swing rod (22) are fixedly installed with rolling bearings through short cylindrical pins; the swing rod (22) is fixedly installed in the outer end groove of the push rod frame (17) through long cylindrical pins; and torsion springs (21) are respectively embedded in the long cylindrical pins on both sides of the push rod frame (17); The support assembly (9) comprises a foot seat (23), a plug-in leg (24), a push rod (25), a spring (26) and a set screw (27); the two plug-in legs (24) are respectively symmetrically mounted in the front and rear direction through holes of the foot seat (23); the outer ends of the plug-in legs (24) are two-step cylinders, and the inner ends are cylinders with annular conical grooves; there are two push rods (25), the top ends of the push rods (25) are spherical, and the front sections are cylindrical, the spring (26) is nested on the cylinder, and the set screw (27) is mounted on the front part of the foot seat (23) through a threaded hole and contacts the front end surface of the push rod (25); the top end of the push rod (25) contacts the annular conical groove at the inner end of the plug-in leg (24); The translation unit (13) is composed of a linear module, including a slide rail (30), a fixed block (31), a linear motor (32), a grating ruler (33) and a limit switch (34); the fixed block (31) is installed at the right end of the carbon fiber square tube (1), and is fixedly connected to the carbon fiber square tube (1) and the steel sleeve A (8) by bolts; the reading head of the grating ruler (33) is installed on the fixed block (31); the slide rail (30) is slidably connected to the fixed block (31) to form a sliding pair; the linear motor (32) is installed inside the slide rail (30); The measuring unit (14) comprises a turntable connecting plate (35), a right angle bracket (36), a micro push rod, a laser displacement sensor (41), an endoscope (43) and a measuring unit housing (44); the micro push rod comprises a micro push rod fixing part (37), a micro push rod moving part (38) and a push rod motor (39); the turntable connecting plate (35) is fixed on the hollow turntable (28) of the rotating unit (11); the left side of the right angle bracket (36) is fixed on the turntable connecting plate (35), and the right side is connected to the micro push rod fixing part (37); the sensor is installed The mounting frame (40) is fixedly connected to the micro push rod moving part (38); the push rod motor (39) is mounted on the micro push rod fixing part (37); the laser displacement sensor (41) is fixedly connected to the sensor mounting frame (40) by screws, and the laser beam generated by the laser displacement sensor (41) is emitted radially along the hollow turntable (28), and the emitted light beam is located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the hollow turntable (28); the endoscope mounting frame (42) is fixedly connected to the moving part of the micro push rod, and the endoscope (43) is fixedly mounted on the endoscope mounting frame (42); The height gauge mounting plate (16) is mounted on the head housing of the height gauge (15); the left end of the height gauge (15) is mounted on the steel sleeve B (2) through the height gauge mounting plate (16); the body and the right end of the height gauge (15) are respectively fixed to the carbon fiber square sleeve by two height gauge (15) mounting blocks through screws.

2. According to claim 1, an automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity, characterized in that: The right end of the steel sleeve B (2) is provided with a large square hole, and the left end is provided with a small square hole.

3. According to claim 1, an automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity, characterized in that: The rotating unit (11) comprises a hollow turntable (28), a turntable bracket and a rotating motor (29); the hollow turntable (28) and the rotating motor (29) are both mounted on the turntable bracket, and the turntable bracket is fixed on a radial plate connected to the long plate (12); the axis of the hollow turntable (28) is colinear with the axis of the carbon fiber square tube (1), and the large gear ring of the hollow turntable (28) is meshed with the small gear at the shaft end of the rotating motor (29); the axis of the rotating motor (29) deviates from the axis of the hollow turntable (28) and is parallel to the axis of the hollow turntable (28).

4. According to claim 1, the automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity is characterized in that: A ventilation hole (45) in the front-to-back direction is provided in the middle of the rear side of the foot seat (23); the front end of the ventilation hole (45) is communicated with the through holes on the left and right of the plug-in leg (24).

5. According to claim 1, the automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity is characterized in that: The plug-in leg (24) is a front-to-back symmetrical structure.

6. According to claim 1, the automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity is characterized in that: The conical annular groove at the insertion end of the plug-in leg (24) cooperates with the ball head of the ejector rod (25) ejected by the spring (26) when the plug-in leg (24) is inserted into the foot seat (23), thereby positioning the plug-in leg (24).

7. According to claim 1, the automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity is characterized in that: The plug-in legs (24) are provided in multiple groups, each group of plug-in legs (24) has a different length, the plug-in legs (24) in the same group have the same length, and the plug-in legs (24) in different groups are used for whole group replacement to adapt to different requirements for longer and deeper hole diameters.

8. A method for using the automatic measuring device for ultra-long deep hole reverse cavity according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: A. Calibrate the fixed length L' The super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device is installed on the calibration device, and the fixed length section on the calibration device is recorded as L, the fixed distance from the emission position of the laser displacement sensor (41) to the zero point position of the slide rail (30) is recorded as L1, the extended length of the slide rail (30) is recorded as L2, and the reading of the height gauge (15) is recorded as L3. The fixed length L' of the middle part of the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device is calibrated using L. The calibration steps are as follows: A1, using a three-coordinate measuring instrument to calibrate a fixed distance L1 from the emission position of the laser displacement sensor (41) on the measuring device to the zero position of the slide rail (30) and a fixed length segment L on the calibration device; A2. Install the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device on the calibration device, stretch the height gauge (15) to the end of the fixed section L on the calibration device, and record the height gauge (15) reading L3; A3, driving the slide rail (30) to move, driving the laser displacement sensor (41) to the head end of the fixed section L, and the grating ruler (33) reading head records the extended length L2 of the slide rail (30); A4. Calculate the fixed length L' of the middle part of the automatic measuring device for super-long deep hole reverse cavity. The formula is as follows: L'=L-L1-L2-L3 B. Positioning in the tube The electric push rod (18) of the top tensioning assembly (7) is in an extended state by default, at which time the two swing rods (22) are lifted up by the torsion spring (21); when in use, the electric push rod (18) of the top tensioning assembly (7) is driven to retract, at which time the two swing rods (22) are flattened, and the super-long deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device is pushed into the deep hole reverse cavity part, and a flange with a circular arc segment is processed on the end surface of the plug-in leg (24) of the support assembly (9), and the entire device is supported on the lower wall of the inner hole of the deep hole reverse cavity part through the cooperation between the flange and the inner hole generatrix of the deep hole reverse cavity part, and the electric push rod (18) of the top tensioning assembly (7) is driven to extend again, and the two swing rods (22) are lifted up by the torsion spring (21) again, and the swing rods (22) are against the upper wall of the inner hole of the deep hole reverse cavity part, completing the in-tube positioning of the entire device; C. Measurement C1. Cross-section measurement During measurement, the linear motor (32) drives the slide rail (30) to drive the measuring unit (14) to translate along the inner hole axis direction of the deep hole reverse cavity part, the rotary motor (29) drives the hollow turntable (28) to drive the measuring unit (14) to rotate around the deep hole reverse cavity axis, and the micro push rod motor (39) drives the measuring unit (14) to move along the radial direction, so as to realize the measurement of the aperture, roundness, straightness, arc angle, taper and depth of the deep hole reverse cavity. The specific steps are as follows; C11. When measuring the cross section, the linear motor (32) drives the slide rail (30) to drive the measuring unit (14) to move along the hole axis to the cross section to be measured. The micro push rod adjusts the radial extension amount according to the cross section aperture to be measured by the laser displacement sensor (41) at this time. After reaching the effective measurement range of the laser displacement sensor (41), the central control turntable drives the laser displacement sensor (41) to rotate 360° around the axis to collect points and record them, record the axial depth position L", and record multiple groups of laser displacement sensor (41) readings; C12. After the data collection of the current section to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, move to the next section to be measured, repeat step C11 until the measurement of all sections to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, process the data of the section to be measured by a computer, and fit the aperture and roundness of the section to be measured by the least square method; C13. Obtain the position data of points at different cross sections through actual measurement, calculate the position of the center of each measured cross section by using the least square method, fit the actual axis through the center of the circle at different cross sections, and calculate the straightness of the cylindrical section of the measured piece by using the minimum area inclusion method; C2. Busbar measurement C21, when measuring the busbar, the linear motor (32) drives the slide rail (30) to drive the measuring unit (14) to move along the hole axis to the starting point of the arc segment or cone segment to be measured, the hollow turntable (28) is locked circumferentially to the 0° direction, and the reading of the laser displacement sensor (41) at this position is recorded, and the axial position L' is recorded. The laser displacement sensor (41) moves slowly along the axial direction of the busbar, and the micro push rod adjusts the radial extension amount according to the distance between the laser displacement sensor (41) and the busbar to be measured at this time during the movement, so as to ensure that the reading of the laser displacement sensor (41) is valid during the movement, and multiple groups of axial positions and laser displacement sensor (41) readings are recorded; C22. After the data of the current generatrix to be measured of the deep hole reverse cavity part is collected, the hollow turntable (28) is rotated to 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively, and the measurement process in step C21 is repeated until the measurement of the generatrix to be measured in four directions of each arc segment or cone segment of the deep hole reverse cavity part is completed, the generatrix data of the arc segment or cone segment to be measured is processed by a computer, and the arc angle and cone angle of the arc segment and cone segment are fitted by the least square method; C23. The axial movement amount L2 of the measuring unit (14) is obtained by actual measurement, thereby determining each depth value L' to be measured, and the formula is as follows: L" = L1 + L2 + L' + L3.

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