Modularized settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed base settlement observation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of settlement observation equipment, and provides a modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed base settlement observation, the modular settlement plate comprises a first plate body arranged in a soil layer and a second plate body arranged in a base layer, one side of the first plate body is provided with a ring body, and a vertical rod is inserted into the ring body; one side of the second plate body is provided with an isolation cylinder, the isolation cylinder sleeves an outer shaft of the vertical rod, the isolation cylinder can slide up and down along the vertical rod, the upper end of the vertical rod is connected with a first observation assembly, the first observation assembly is used for observing settlement of a soil layer, and the upper end of the isolation cylinder is connected with a second observation assembly. And the second observation assembly is used for observing the settlement of the substrate layer. The settlement plate has the advantages that the first observation assembly and the second observation assembly are independently arranged, the settlement conditions of the soil layer and the substrate layer can be observed at the same time, the defect that only surface settlement of the substrate layer can be observed through a traditional settlement plate is overcome, and the settlement observation precision and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of settlement observation equipment, and specifically relates to a modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed base settlement observation. Background Art

[0002] During the construction process, in order to ensure that the base stability of the site or roadbed meets the design requirements, it is necessary to observe the settlement of the base during and after the filling of the upper filler. Settlement observations are often carried out by burying settlement plates. Since the bottom of the settlement plate is located on the surface of the base, the leveling probe on the top of the plate is higher than the filling height of the upper filler, ensuring that the settlement of the base can be observed at any time during the construction process as required.

[0003] However, the existing settlement plates can only observe the settlement of the base layer of the foundation or site when in use. Due to the coverage of the base layer, it is difficult to observe the settlement of the soil layer below the base layer. At the same time, since the base layer is often poured with concrete, even if the local soil layer settles, the base layer is not easy to settle immediately, so the hidden dangers are difficult to be discovered in time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a modular settlement plate suitable for observing the settlement of a site or roadbed base. By independently setting the first observation component and the second observation component, the settlement of the soil layer and the base layer can be observed at the same time, which makes up for the deficiency that the traditional settlement plate can only observe the surface settlement of the base layer, avoids the errors that may be caused by a single observation point, improves the accuracy and reliability of settlement observation, and provides a strong guarantee for engineering safety.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a modular settlement plate suitable for observing the settlement of a site or a roadbed base is proposed, comprising a first plate body arranged inside a soil layer and a second plate body arranged inside a base layer, a ring body is installed on one side of the first plate body, a vertical rod is inserted in the ring body, an isolation cylinder is installed on one side of the second plate body, the isolation cylinder is sleeved on the outer axis of the vertical rod, the isolation cylinder can slide up and down along the vertical rod, the upper end of the vertical rod is connected to a first observation component, the first observation component is used to observe the settlement of the soil layer, the upper end of the isolation cylinder is connected to a second observation component, the second observation component is used to observe the settlement of the base layer.

[0006] Through the above-mentioned technical features, the settlement plate of the present application is composed of a first plate body arranged inside the soil layer and a second plate body arranged inside the base layer, the first plate body is connected to the vertical rod through a ring body, the upper end of the vertical rod is connected to the first observation assembly for directly observing the settlement of the soil layer, the second plate body is sleeved on the vertical rod through an isolation tube, and the isolation tube is allowed to slide up and down along the vertical rod, and the second observation assembly connected to the upper end of the isolation tube is used to observe the settlement of the base layer, and the two observation assemblies are respectively arranged, and the settlement data of the respective layers can be independently and accurately recorded, and by comparing the data recorded by the first observation assembly and the second observation assembly, the difference in settlement between the soil layer and the base layer can be analyzed, and then the overall stability of the base can be evaluated, and potential safety hazards can be discovered in time. Therefore, the modular settlement plate of the present application can simultaneously observe the settlement of the soil layer and the base layer, which makes up for the deficiency that the traditional settlement plate can only observe the surface settlement of the base layer, avoids the error that may be caused by a single observation point, improves the accuracy and reliability of settlement observation, and provides a strong guarantee for engineering safety.

[0007] Preferably, the first observation assembly includes an observation rod, a first observation platform and a first settlement observation instrument, the lower end of the observation rod extends downward to the interior of the isolation tube and is connected to the top of the vertical rod, the upper end of the observation rod is located above and outside the base layer, the first observation platform is connected to the top of the observation rod, and the first settlement observation instrument is connected to the upper end of the first observation platform.

[0008] Through the above technical features, the lower end of the observation rod extends into the interior of the isolation tube and is connected to the top of the vertical rod, so that the observation rod moves up and down with the settlement of the soil layer. By regularly measuring the reading of the first settlement observation instrument, the settlement of the soil layer during and after the filling process can be calculated. The first settlement observation instrument can be a settlement observation instrument of the prior art.

[0009] Preferably, a first positioning rod extending upward is installed on one side of the top of the vertical rod, and a first positioning hole matched with the first positioning rod is opened at the bottom of the observation rod, and the first positioning rod is inserted into the first positioning hole.

[0010] Through the above-mentioned technical features, when the observation rod is connected to the vertical rod, the first positioning rod is inserted into the first positioning hole at the bottom of the observation rod, so that the two can be accurately positioned. It is simple and quick, and can ensure that the observation rod and the vertical rod are aligned in the vertical direction, reducing errors caused by misalignment.

[0011] Preferably, cross sections of the first positioning rod and the first positioning hole are both regular hexagonal shapes.

[0012] Through the above technical features, the first positioning rod and the first positioning hole, both of which have regular hexagonal cross sections, can achieve accurate positioning when the first positioning rod is inserted into the first positioning hole, and can prevent the first positioning rod from rotating in the first positioning hole, thereby maintaining a stable connection between the observation rod and the vertical rod, and improving the accuracy of settlement observation. Preferably, the second observation assembly includes a ferrule, a support rod, a connecting rod, a second observation platform and a second settlement observation instrument. A avoidance groove is provided on one side of the observation rod, and the avoidance groove is connected to the outside. The ferrule is connected to the inner circumferential wall of the isolation cylinder. The support rod is detachably connected to the upper end of the ferrule, and the support rod extends upward to the upper outside of the base layer. The connecting rod is connected to one side of the upper end of the support rod. The ferrule and the support rod are both located in the avoidance groove. One end of the connecting rod extends to the outside of the avoidance groove. The second observation platform is connected to one end of the connecting rod away from the avoidance groove, and the second settlement observation instrument is connected to the second observation platform.

[0013] Through the above-mentioned technical features, when the base layer settles, the isolation tube will sink accordingly. Since the ferrule is fixed on the isolation tube, the support rod and the connecting rod will also move accordingly, and this movement will be transmitted to the second observation platform through the connecting rod, and then recorded by the second settlement observation instrument. By regularly measuring and comparing the data, the settlement amount of the base layer can be accurately calculated. The design of the second observation component allows the settlement observation of the base layer to be carried out independently of the first observation component, providing more comprehensive settlement data. Moreover, the design of the avoidance groove and the ferrule cleverly utilizes the space between the observation rod and the isolation tube, so that the second observation component can be installed compactly, saving construction space. The second settlement observation instrument can use the settlement observation instrument of the prior art.

[0014] Preferably, a plug hole is provided at the top of the ferrule, a plug rod is provided at the bottom of the support rod, the plug rod is slidably plugged into the plug hole, and the cross-sections of the plug rod and the plug hole are both regular hexagons.

[0015] Through the above technical features, the regular hexagonal structure enables precise positioning of the support rod when it is inserted into the plug hole through the plug rod. Once the plug rod is fully inserted into the plug hole, its position is accurately determined, thereby ensuring the overall stability and observation accuracy of the second observation component. In addition, the regular hexagonal structure has more contact points at the edge, which can form a stronger friction force when connected, which helps to enhance the connection strength between the support rod and the plug hole, ensuring that during the soil settlement process, the support rod can move stably with the isolation tube and is not easy to fall off. In addition, the detachable connection between the support rod and the ferrule is also convenient for disassembly and maintenance when necessary.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the support rod is provided with a first locking hole extending axially, and the observation rod is provided with a second locking hole matched with the first locking hole on the inner side of the avoidance groove. The first locking hole and the second locking hole are threadedly connected with a screw rod, and the screw rod is used to pass through the first locking hole and the second locking hole and extend to the inner side of the second locking hole.

[0017] Through the above technical features, when not in use, the support rod can be connected to the avoidance groove of the observation rod through the first locking hole and the second locking hole by a screw, so as to facilitate the combination and storage of the first observation component and the second observation component, thereby improving convenience.

[0018] Preferably, a support ring is provided on the surface of the vertical rod and is slidably sleeved between the soil layer and the base layer, a plurality of second positioning rods are connected to the top of the support ring at regular intervals along the circumferential direction, the second positioning rods extend upward in the vertical direction, a second positioning hole matched with the second positioning rod is provided at the bottom of the isolation cylinder, the second positioning rod is inserted into the inside of the second positioning hole, and the cross-sections of the second positioning rod and the second positioning hole are both regular hexagons.

[0019] Through the above technical features, the support ring provides a stable support platform for the isolation tube, so that during the soil settlement process, the isolation tube can remain stable and is not prone to tilt or offset. At the same time, the regular hexagonal connection structure also enhances the stability of the connection. In addition, the plugging of the second positioning rod and the second positioning hole makes the installation process simple and quick, and it can also be easily disassembled and reinstalled when maintenance or replacement of parts is required.

[0020] Preferably, a cone rod is installed at the bottom of the vertical rod, and the first plate body is evenly spaced and connected to one side of the vertical rod along the vertical direction.

[0021] Through the above technical features, the shape of the cone rod can make it easier for the vertical rod to penetrate the soil when inserted into the soil layer, reduce resistance, and increase the contact area with the soil layer, thereby providing more stable support. The uniform spacing of the first plate body allows the observation system to be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different geological conditions and load requirements.

[0022] Preferably, reinforcement strips are installed on the upper and lower sides of the first plate body and the second plate body, and the reinforcement strips are arranged in a right-angled triangle.

[0023] Through the above-mentioned technical features, the right-angled triangle reinforcement strips significantly improve the structural strength of the first plate body and the second plate body, enabling them to better withstand the pressure from the soil layer or the external environment, helping to reduce the deformation and damage of the first plate body and the second plate body during long-term use, thereby extending the service life of the observation system.

[0024] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present application can observe the settlement of the soil layer and the base layer at the same time by independently setting up the first observation component and the second observation component, which makes up for the deficiency that the traditional settlement plate can only observe the surface settlement of the base layer, avoids the error that may be caused by a single observation point, improves the accuracy and reliability of settlement observation, and provides a strong guarantee for engineering safety; (2) In the present application, when the soil layer settles, the observation rod moves up and down with the settlement of the soil layer. By regularly measuring the reading of the first settlement observation instrument, the settlement of the soil layer during and after the filling process can be calculated; (3) In the present application, when the base layer settles, the isolation tube will sink accordingly. Since the ferrule is fixed on the isolation tube, the support rod and the connecting rod will also move accordingly, and this movement will be transmitted to the second observation platform through the connecting rod, and then recorded by the second settlement observation instrument. By regularly measuring and comparing the data, the settlement amount of the base layer can be accurately calculated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the use state of an implementation scheme of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an implementation scheme of the present application; Figure 3 A partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of point A in this 3; Figure 5 A partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a vertical rod and a support ring according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil layer and the base layer according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0026] In the figure, 1, the first plate body; 11, the ring body; 12, the vertical rod; 121, the first positioning rod; 13, the conical rod; 2, the second plate body; 21, the isolation tube; 3, the first observation assembly; 31, the observation rod; 311, the avoidance groove; 32, the first observation platform; 33, the first settlement observation instrument; 34, the screw; 4, the second observation assembly; 41, the ferrule; 42, the support rod; 421, the first locking hole; 422, the support ring; 423, the second positioning rod; 43, the connecting rod; 44, the second observation platform; 45, the second settlement observation instrument; 5, the soil layer; 6, the base layer; 7, the reinforcement strip; 8, the metal cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following are specific embodiments of the present application and combined with the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present application, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present application discloses a modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed base settlement observation, including: a first plate body 1 and a second plate body 2, the first plate body 1 is arranged inside the soil layer 5, and the second plate body 2 is arranged inside the base layer 6.

[0029] A ring body 11 is installed on one side of the first plate body 1, and a vertical rod 12 is inserted into the ring body 11. A cone rod 13 is installed at the bottom of the vertical rod 12. The shape of the cone rod 13 can make it easier for the vertical rod 12 to penetrate the soil when inserted into the soil layer 5, reduce resistance, and increase the contact area with the soil layer 5, thereby providing more stable support. The upper end of the vertical rod 12 is connected to the first observation component 3, which is used to observe the settlement of the soil layer 5.

[0030] An isolation cylinder 21 is installed on one side of the second plate body 2. The isolation cylinder 21 is sleeved on the outer axis of the vertical rod 12. The isolation cylinder 21 can slide up and down along the vertical rod 12. The upper end of the isolation cylinder 21 is connected to a second observation component 4, which is used to observe the settlement of the base layer 6.

[0031] The modular settlement plate of the present application is independently arranged through the first observation component 3 and the second observation component 4, and can simultaneously observe the settlement of the soil layer 5 and the base layer 6, which makes up for the deficiency that the traditional settlement plate can only observe the surface settlement of the base layer 6, avoids the errors that may be caused by a single observation point, improves the accuracy and reliability of settlement observation, and provides a strong guarantee for engineering safety.

[0032] In order to increase the structural strength of the first plate body 1 and the second plate body 2 in the present application, right-angled triangle reinforcement strips 7 are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the first plate body 1 and the second plate body 2. One side of the reinforcement strip 7 on the first plate body 1 is connected to the ring body 11, and one side of the reinforcement strip 7 on the second plate body 2 is connected to the isolation tube 21. The right-angled triangle reinforcement strip 7 can increase the contact area between the first plate body 1 and the second plate body 2 and the soil layer 5, so that they can better withstand the pressure from the soil layer 5 or the external environment, which helps to reduce the deformation and damage of the first plate body 1 and the second plate body 2 during long-term use, thereby extending the service life of the observation system.

[0033] In the present application, three groups of first plates 1 are evenly spaced in the vertical direction on the vertical rod 12, so that the observation system can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different geological conditions and bearing requirements. The number of first plates 1 can also be set to different numbers according to needs.

[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first observation assembly 3 in the present application includes an observation rod 31, a first observation platform 32 and a first settlement observation instrument 33. The lower end of the observation rod 31 extends downward to the interior of the isolation tube 21 and is detachably connected to the top of the vertical rod 12. The first observation platform 32 is connected to the upper end of the observation rod 31. The first settlement observation instrument 33 is connected to the upper end of the first observation platform 32. The first settlement observation instrument 33 in the present application can adopt the settlement observation instrument of the prior art.

[0035] When the soil layer 5 settles, the observation rod 31 moves up and down with the settlement of the soil layer 5. By regularly measuring the reading of the first settlement observation instrument 33, the settlement amount of the soil layer 5 during and after the filling process can be calculated.

[0036] In order to facilitate the detachable connection between the first observation component 3 and the vertical rod 12, the present application installs a first positioning rod 121 in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism extending upward on one side of the top of the vertical rod 12, and a first positioning hole (not shown in the drawing) compatible with the first positioning rod 121 is opened at the bottom of the observation rod 31. The first positioning rod 121 is inserted into the first positioning hole, which is simple and quick to achieve precise positioning of the two, ensure the vertical alignment of the observation rod 31 and the vertical rod 12, and reduce errors caused by misalignment. The first positioning rod 121 and the first positioning hole, both of which have regular hexagonal cross-sections, can prevent the first positioning rod 121 from rotating in the first positioning hole, thereby maintaining a stable connection between the observation rod 31 and the vertical rod 12 and improving the accuracy of settlement observation.

[0037] The second observation assembly 4 in the present application includes a sleeve 41, a support rod 42, a connecting rod 43, a second observation platform 44 and a second settlement observation instrument 45. A avoidance groove 311 is provided on one side of the observation rod 31, and the avoidance groove 311 is connected to the outside. The sleeve 41 is connected to the inner circumferential wall of the isolation tube 21. The support rod 42 is detachably connected to the upper end of the sleeve 41, and the support rod 42 extends upward to the upper outside of the base layer 6. The connecting rod 43 is connected to one side of the upper end of the support rod 42. The sleeve 41 and the support rod 42 are both located in the avoidance groove 311. One end of the connecting rod 43 extends to the outside of the avoidance groove 311. The second observation platform 44 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 43 away from the avoidance groove 311. The second settlement observation instrument 45 is connected to the second observation platform 44. The second settlement observation instrument 45 in the present application can be a settlement observation instrument of the prior art. When the base layer 6 settles, the isolation tube 21 will sink accordingly. Since the ferrule 41 is fixed on the isolation tube 21, the support rod 42 and the connecting rod 43 will also move accordingly, and this movement will be transmitted to the second observation platform 44 through the connecting rod 43, and then recorded by the second settlement observation instrument 45. By regularly measuring and comparing the data, the settlement amount of the base layer 6 can be accurately calculated. The design of the second observation component 4 allows the settlement observation of the base layer 6 to be carried out independently of the first observation component 3, providing more comprehensive settlement data.

[0038] In order to facilitate the detachable connection between the support rod 42 and the ferrule 41 in the present application, a plug hole (not shown in the figure) is provided at the top of the ferrule 41, and the support rod 42 is slidably plugged into the plug hole through the plug rod (not shown in the figure), and the cross-sections of the plug rod and the plug hole are both regular hexagons. The regular hexagonal structure enables the support rod 42 to be accurately positioned when inserted into the plug hole. Once the support rod 42 is fully inserted into the plug hole, its position is accurately determined, thereby ensuring the overall stability and observation accuracy of the second observation component 4. Moreover, the regular hexagonal structure has more contact points at the edge, which can form a stronger friction force when connected, which helps to enhance the connection strength between the support rod 42 and the plug hole, ensuring that during the settlement of the soil layer 5, the support rod 42 can stably move with the isolation tube 21 and is not easy to fall off. And the detachable connection between the support rod 42 and the ferrule 41 is also convenient for disassembly and maintenance when necessary.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the storage of the first observation component 3 and the second observation component 4 when in use, a first locking hole 421 extending in the axial direction is provided at the top of the support rod 42, and a second locking hole (not shown in the figure) matching the first locking hole 421 is provided on the inner side of the avoidance groove 311 of the observation rod 31, and a screw 34 is threadedly connected at the first locking hole 421 and the second locking hole, and the screw 34 is used to pass through the first locking hole 421 and the second locking hole and extend to the inner side of the second locking hole. When not in use, the support rod 42 can be connected to the avoidance groove 311 of the observation rod 31 through the first locking hole 421 and the second locking hole by the screw 34, so as to facilitate the combined storage of the first observation component 3 and the second observation component 4, thereby improving the convenience.

[0040] like Figure 6As shown, a support ring 422 is provided on the surface of the vertical rod 12 and is located between the soil layer 5 and the base layer 6. A plurality of second positioning rods 423 are connected to the top of the support ring 422 at intervals and evenly distributed along the circumference. The second positioning rods 423 extend upward in the vertical direction. A second positioning hole (not shown in the figure) matching the second positioning rod 423 is provided at the bottom of the isolation cylinder 21. The second positioning rod 423 is inserted into the inside of the second positioning hole. The cross-sections of the second positioning rod 423 and the second positioning hole are both regular hexagons. The support ring 422 provides a stable support platform for the isolation cylinder 21, so that during the settlement of the soil layer 5, the isolation cylinder 21 can remain stable and is not prone to tilt or offset.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the first observation component 3 and the second observation in the present application can be recycled. After the observation process is completed, the observation rod 31 is moved upward, and the observation rod 31 is removed from the isolation tube 21. At the same time, the observation rod 31 is separated from the first positioning rod 121, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling the first observation component 3, facilitating subsequent use, and realizing modular operation; after the first observation component 3 is taken out, the second observation platform 44 is moved upward, and the second observation platform 44 drives the connecting rod 43 and the support rod 42 to be taken out from the ferrule 41 and the isolation tube 21, which is convenient for the recycling of the second observation component 4 and convenient for subsequent use. Therefore, by providing a detachable first observation component 3 and a second observation component 4, the settlement observation work can be divided into a number of modules layer by layer from top to bottom. The modules have multiple attributes, which respectively reflect their internal characteristics. Specifically, the settlement of the soil layer 5 and the base layer 6 are observed respectively, and the modules can be easily split and integrated.

[0042] After the first observation component 3 and the second observation component 4 are recovered, the space on the top of the isolation cylinder 21 is sealed by covering the outside of the base layer 6 with a metal cover plate 8, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the settlement observation point. When the observation work is carried out again later, the metal cover plate 8 can be removed, and the first observation component 3 and the second observation component 4 can be installed again to carry out the observation work again, thereby improving the convenience of the settlement observation work.

[0043] The method for installing the modular settling plate of the present application comprises the following steps: S1: Predetermine the thickness of the soil layer 5 and the base layer 6, and customize the vertical rod 12, the first plate body 1, the second plate body 2, the first observation component 3 and the second observation component 4 of corresponding sizes; S2: When the soil layer 5 is constructed, the vertical rod 12 is inserted into the ring body 11 of the first plate body 1, and then the vertical rod 12 and the first plate body 1 are buried inside the soil layer 5 to complete the construction of the soil layer 5; S3: A support ring 422 is set on the top of the vertical rod 12 located at the soil layer 5 and the base layer 6, and the isolation tube 21 is connected to the upper end of the support ring, and then the first observation assembly 3 is connected to the upper end of the vertical rod 12 through the observation rod 31 and is located on the inner side of the isolation tube 21; S4: Connect the second observation assembly 4 to the upper end of the ferrule 41 through the support rod 42; S5: Fill the upper end of the second plate body 2 with soil to complete the pre-embedding work.

[0044] Working principle: When in use, the first plate body 1 of the modular sedimentation plate is set inside the soil layer 5, the second plate body 2 of the modular sedimentation plate is set on the inner side of the base layer 6, and the first observation component 3 is connected to the vertical rod 12 on one side of the first plate body 1 through the observation rod 31, and the second observation component 4 is connected to the sleeve 41 in the isolation cylinder 21 on one side of the second body through the support rod 42. The first observation component 3 is used to directly observe the settlement of the soil layer 5, and the second observation component 4 is used to directly observe the settlement of the base layer 6. The two observation components are set separately, and can independently and accurately record the settlement data of their respective layers. By comparing the data recorded by the first observation component 3 and the second observation component 4, the difference in settlement between the soil layer 5 and the base layer 6 can be analyzed, and then the overall stability of the base can be evaluated, and potential safety hazards can be discovered in time.

[0045] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the present application. A person skilled in the art of the present application may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner without departing from the scope defined in the present application.

Claims

1. A modular settlement plate suitable for observing the settlement of a site or a roadbed, comprising a first plate body (1) arranged inside a soil layer (5) and a second plate body (2) arranged inside a base layer (6), characterized in that: A ring body (11) is installed on one side of the first plate body (1), a vertical rod (12) is inserted into the ring body (11), an isolation cylinder (21) is installed on one side of the second plate body (2), the isolation cylinder (21) is sleeved on the outer shaft of the vertical rod (12), the isolation cylinder (21) can slide up and down along the vertical rod (12), the upper end of the vertical rod (12) is connected to a first observation component (3), the first observation component (3) is used to observe the settlement of the soil layer (5), and the upper end of the isolation cylinder (21) is connected to a second observation component (4), the second observation component (4) is used to observe the settlement of the base layer (6).

2. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first observation assembly (3) comprises an observation rod (31), a first observation platform (32) and a first settlement observation instrument (33); the lower end of the observation rod (31) extends downward to the interior of the isolation tube (21) and is connected to the top of the vertical rod (12); the upper end of the observation rod (31) is located above and outside the base layer (6); the first observation platform (32) is connected to the top of the observation rod (31); and the first settlement observation instrument (33) is connected to the upper end of the first observation platform (32).

3. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first positioning rod (121) extending upward is installed on one side of the top of the vertical rod (12), and a first positioning hole matched with the first positioning rod (121) is opened at the bottom of the observation rod (31), and the first positioning rod (121) is inserted into the first positioning hole.

4. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross sections of the first positioning rod (121) and the first positioning hole are both regular hexagonal shapes.

5. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second observation assembly (4) comprises a ferrule (41), a support rod (42), a connecting rod (43), a second observation platform (44) and a second settlement observation instrument (45); a side of the observation rod (31) is provided with an avoidance groove (311), the avoidance groove (311) is communicated with the outside; the ferrule (41) is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the isolation cylinder (21); the support rod (42) is detachably connected to the upper end of the ferrule (41), and the support rod (42) extends upward to the base layer. (6), the connecting rod (43) is connected to one side of the upper end of the support rod (42), the ferrule (41) and the support rod (42) are both located in the avoidance groove (311), one end of the connecting rod (43) extends to the outside of the avoidance groove (311), the second observation platform (44) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (43) away from the avoidance groove (311), and the second settlement observation instrument (45) is connected to the second observation platform (44).

6. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the ferrule (41) is provided with an inserting hole, the bottom of the support rod (42) is provided with an inserting rod, the inserting rod is slidably inserted in the inserting hole, and the cross-sections of the inserting rod and the inserting hole are both regular hexagons.

7. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first locking hole (421) extending axially is provided at the top of the support rod (42), and a second locking hole matched with the first locking hole (421) is provided on the inner side of the observation rod (31) and located in the avoidance groove (311). A screw rod (34) is threadedly connected at the first locking hole (421) and the second locking hole, and the screw rod (34) is used to pass through the first locking hole (421) and the second locking hole and extend to the inner side of the second locking hole.

8. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support ring (422) is provided on the surface of the vertical rod (12) and is slidably sleeved between the soil layer (5) and the base layer (6). A plurality of second positioning rods (423) are connected to the top of the support ring (422) at intervals and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The second positioning rods (423) extend upward in the vertical direction. A second positioning hole adapted to the second positioning rod (423) is provided at the bottom of the isolation cylinder (21). The second positioning rod (423) is inserted into the inside of the second positioning hole. The cross-sections of the second positioning rod (423) and the second positioning hole are both regular hexagons.

9. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical rod (13) is installed at the bottom of the vertical rod (12), and the first plate body (1) is evenly spaced and connected to one side of the vertical rod (12) in a vertical direction.

10. The modular settlement plate suitable for site or roadbed settlement observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reinforcement strips (7) are installed on the upper and lower sides of the first plate body (1) and the second plate body (2), and the reinforcement strips (7) are arranged in the shape of a right triangle.

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