Hydropower station unattended monitoring system

Abstract

The invention provides an unattended monitoring system for a hydropower station, and the system comprises a data collection module which is used for collecting the hydrology, power generation equipment and environment information of the hydropower station; the modeling analysis module is used for establishing an analysis model in advance, substituting the current information into the analysis model, determining an ideal operation state and correspondingly generating a control strategy; the automatic control module is used for controlling the action of field equipment according to the control strategy and adjusting the operating parameters of the hydropower station; the communication module is used for realizing an information exchange and data transmission process among the data acquisition module, the modeling analysis module and the automatic control module; the user adjustment platform is used for displaying the monitoring process in real time and providing a manual adjustment function; according to the method, comprehensive automatic monitoring and intelligent decision support are realized, so that the operation efficiency and safety of the hydropower station are improved, and the operation cost is reduced; therefore, the hydropower station can better adapt to continuously changing environmental requirements while ensuring stable power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower generation, and in particular to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] In the development history of hydropower stations, with the advancement of technology and the growth of social needs, the operation and management of hydropower stations have gradually changed from traditional manual operation to automation and intelligence; in the early days, hydropower stations were small in scale and usually only equipped with basic mechanical and electrical equipment; operation and maintenance mainly relied on manual labor, which was complicated and prone to failure; with the growth of electricity demand and technological progress, hydropower stations began to adopt more advanced mechanical equipment and automatic control systems; remote monitoring systems appeared, but a certain number of operators were still required to manage and maintain on site;

[0003] Although the automation level of hydropower stations is constantly improving, there are still some problems that need to be solved. First, traditional hydropower stations require a large number of personnel to be on duty and operate 24 hours a day, which increases operating costs. Second, due to the lack of effective automated monitoring methods, hydropower stations face high safety risks, especially under extreme weather conditions. Manual operation has a long response time and cannot respond to emergencies quickly. Moreover, even if some monitoring equipment is installed, due to the lack of effective data analysis methods, it is impossible to fully utilize these data for predictive maintenance or optimized operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station, which can significantly improve the operating efficiency and safety of the hydropower station and reduce labor costs by introducing an intelligent data collection and analysis mechanism, while also being able to better adapt to the growing demand for clean energy in the future.

[0005] The present invention provides an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station, comprising:

[0006] Data acquisition module, which is used to collect hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information in the hydropower station in real time;

[0007] A modeling and analysis module is connected to the data acquisition module, establishes an analysis model in advance, substitutes the current hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information into the analysis model, determines the ideal operating state under the current information, and generates a control strategy based on the difference between the current operating state and the ideal operating state;

[0008] An automatic control module, which is connected to the modeling and analysis module and the field equipment, and is used to control the actions of the field equipment according to the control strategy and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the hydropower station;

[0009] A communication module, which is used to realize the information exchange and data transmission process between the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module;

[0010] The user adjustment platform is connected to the communication module and is used to display the monitoring process in real time and provide a manual adjustment function.

[0011] According to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the data acquisition module comprises:

[0012] A hydrological information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the current water head height, maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow, water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude;

[0013] Equipment information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the water intake efficiency of the turbine regarding actual power-ideal power, turbine speed, current guide vane opening, characteristic curve data of water intake-guide vane opening, and the conversion efficiency of the generator regarding speed-output power;

[0014] The environmental information acquisition unit is used to obtain video data at various sensitive areas in the hydropower station.

[0015] According to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the modeling and analysis module comprises:

[0016] A water inflow analysis unit is connected to the hydrological information acquisition unit and the equipment information acquisition unit; based on the collected maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow rate, and water inflow efficiency, a water inflow analysis model is pre-established; the current water head height is substituted into the water inflow analysis model, and the ideal water inflow of the turbine required to maintain the water head height is obtained through calculation;

[0017] a guide vane opening analysis unit connected to the water inflow analysis unit, the hydrological information collection unit and the equipment information collection unit; pre-establishing a guide vane opening analysis model based on the collected water temperature data, water quality data, altitude and characteristic curve data; substituting the ideal water inflow into the guide vane opening analysis model, and calculating and obtaining the ideal guide vane opening required for achieving the ideal water inflow of the turbine;

[0018] A generator feedback unit is connected to the device information acquisition unit, and calculates the current generator output power based on the turbine speed and conversion efficiency; pre-sets an ideal output power threshold range, calculates the power difference between the current generator output power and the ideal output power threshold range, and performs real-time fine-tuning of the ideal guide vane opening based on the power difference;

[0019] An abnormal intrusion analysis unit, which is connected to the environmental information acquisition unit and analyzes whether there is abnormal intrusion of personnel in each sensitive area based on image recognition technology;

[0020] A decision generating unit is connected to the generator feedback unit and the abnormal intrusion analyzing unit, and is used to summarize the finely adjusted ideal guide vane opening and the abnormal intrusion situation to generate the control strategy.

[0021] According to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the water inflow analysis unit comprises:

[0022] The water inflow analysis model is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, Q id is the ideal water inflow, ρ is the water density, g is the acceleration of gravity, H is the current water head height, Q is the current water flow rate; H t is the expected water head height,

[0025] H max is the maximum head height, H min is the minimum water head height; It is the water inlet efficiency of the turbine with respect to actual power minus ideal power.

[0026] According to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the guide vane opening analysis unit comprises:

[0027] The guide vane opening analysis model is:

[0028] O1=f(Q id )=a*(Q id ) b +c

[0029] Among them, O1 is the ideal guide vane opening, the function f(x) represents the relationship between the guide vane opening and the water inlet, which is obtained based on the water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and the characteristic curve data of water inlet-guide vane opening; a, b, c are the coefficients, exponents and parameters of the function f(x), among which the coefficient a and the exponent b are obtained through experiments based on the characteristic curve data; the parameter c is obtained based on the statistics of water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude in the historical operation of the hydropower station, and represents the deviation.

[0030] According to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the generator feedback unit comprises:

[0031] Based on the turbine speed N and the generator speed-output power conversion efficiency Calculate the current generator output power P f ,

[0032] Preset the ideal output power threshold range P f0 and opening step length ΔE;

[0033] When P f ∈P f0 No fine-tuning is performed when

[0034] When P f <P f0 When the ideal guide vane opening O1 is slightly adjusted downward, the ideal guide vane opening O2 after fine-tuning is obtained = O1-ΔE;

[0035] When P f >P f0 When , the ideal guide vane opening O1 is slightly adjusted upward, and the finely adjusted ideal guide vane opening O2 = O1 + ΔE is obtained;

[0036] After each cycle, the above fine-tuning process is repeated; that is, if P f Still not P f0 , the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O2 is further adjusted upward or downward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n , n=1,2,3,…,n;

[0037] If the current water head height H≥H max or H≤H min Stop fine-tuning and restore the ideal guide vane opening O1.

[0038] According to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the abnormal intrusion analysis unit comprises:

[0039] Firstly, the moving objects in the video image are extracted by background subtraction technology;

[0040] Detect whether the moving object is a pedestrian based on an object detection algorithm or an instance cutting algorithm;

[0041] Define several sensitive areas in the video image as prohibited areas;

[0042] When a detected pedestrian enters the above-defined sensitive area, an event is recorded, and an analysis result of abnormal intrusion of a person into the sensitive area is generated.

[0043] According to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the automatic control module comprises:

[0044] A decision acquisition unit connected to the decision generation unit is used to receive the control strategy and compare the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation carried in the control strategy with the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening. n separation;

[0045] The opening control unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the turbine control device in the field device, based on the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n Control the guide vane opening of the turbine;

[0046] The intrusion alarm unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the alarm in the field device, and controls the alarm in its sensitive area to work accordingly based on the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation, and sends out an alarm to expel the intruder.

[0047] According to the unmanned monitoring system of a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the user adjustment platform is connected with the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module through the communication module to obtain and display the data, analysis results, and control process collected by each module;

[0048] The user adjustment platform is also provided with a manual intervention unit, through which personnel can change the analysis results of abnormal intrusion conditions in the control strategy and the ideal guide vane opening after fine-tuning. n .

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. Through the integrated data acquisition module, modeling analysis module and automatic control module, this solution realizes the automatic adjustment of the operating parameters of the hydropower station and reduces the dependence on manual intervention;

[0051] 2. The abnormal intrusion analysis unit can detect the intrusion of unauthorized personnel in time, reducing security risks; real-time monitoring and analysis can help to detect potential faults in time and reduce the risk of accidents;

[0052] 3. The modeling and analysis module can dynamically adjust the operating parameters according to the current hydrological conditions and equipment status, thereby improving power generation efficiency; the generator feedback unit can adjust the guide vane opening in real time to match the optimal power generation efficiency and ensure the effective use of energy;

[0053] 4. Automated control reduces the number of on-site personnel and reduces human resource costs; data-driven maintenance strategies can reduce unnecessary repairs and extend equipment life;

[0054] 5. Through comprehensive analysis of hydrological and environmental information, this solution can allocate water resources more reasonably and improve the utilization rate of hydraulic resources; real-time data collection and analysis capabilities enable the system to respond in a short time and quickly adjust operating parameters to cope with changing situations;

[0055] 6. The user adjustment platform allows remote access and control, allowing managers to monitor the status of the hydropower station from any location and make necessary adjustments; by collecting and analyzing a large amount of operating data, the system can provide valuable reference information for future planning and maintenance.

[0056] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0059] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1:

[0062] An embodiment of the present invention provides an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station, comprising:

[0063] Data acquisition module, which is used to collect hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information in the hydropower station in real time;

[0064] The modeling and analysis module is connected to the data acquisition module, establishes an analysis model in advance, and substitutes the current hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information into the analysis model to determine the ideal operating state under the current information; and generates a control strategy based on the difference between the current operating state and the ideal operating state;

[0065] An automatic control module, which is connected to the modeling and analysis module and the field equipment, and is used to control the actions of the field equipment according to the control strategy and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the hydropower station;

[0066] Communication module, which is used to realize the information exchange and data transmission process between the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module;

[0067] The user adjustment platform is connected to the communication module and is used to display the monitoring process in real time and provide a manual adjustment function.

[0068] The principle of the above embodiment is: the data acquisition module is responsible for obtaining real-time data from various sensors and monitoring points of the hydropower station. These data may include but are not limited to environmental parameters such as water flow velocity, water level, equipment temperature, humidity, etc.; the modeling and analysis module receives information from the data acquisition module and inputs it into a preset mathematical model or machine learning model for processing; the model will predict or calculate the most ideal operating state based on the current data; if the current operating state deviates from the ideal state, the system will generate a corresponding control strategy to correct these deviations; after receiving the control strategy generated by the modeling and analysis module, the automatic control module performs specific control operations, such as adjusting the gate opening, changing the generator speed, etc.; this process is usually closed-loop control, that is, the system will continuously monitor the actual operating state and adjust the control strategy according to the deviation; the communication module ensures that each part of the entire system can effectively exchange data; it is also responsible for transmitting key information to the remote monitoring center or the user adjustment platform; the user adjustment platform allows operators to view monitoring data in real time and intervene manually when necessary; this platform can also be used as part of the alarm system to remind staff when abnormal conditions occur.

[0069] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are: reducing the need for human intervention through automated control and improving the overall operational efficiency of the power station; reducing maintenance and operating costs and reducing problems caused by human errors; timely discovering potential safety hazards and taking measures to prevent accidents; optimizing the allocation of water resources and electricity through accurate prediction of hydrological conditions and power generation needs; and reducing unnecessary energy consumption through precise control.

[0070] In order to further optimize the above embodiment, the data acquisition module includes:

[0071] A hydrological information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the current water head height, maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow, water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude;

[0072] Equipment information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the water intake efficiency of the turbine regarding actual power-ideal power, turbine speed, current guide vane opening, characteristic curve data of water intake-guide vane opening, and the conversion efficiency of the generator regarding speed-output power;

[0073] The environmental information acquisition unit is used to obtain video data at various sensitive areas in the hydropower station.

[0074] It should be noted that the hydrological information collection unit is mainly responsible for collecting hydrological related data, including but not limited to:

[0075] Current water head height: refers to the vertical distance between the current water level and the water inlet of the turbine;

[0076] Maximum head height: the maximum working head height designed for a hydropower station;

[0077] Minimum water head height: the minimum water head height to ensure the normal operation of the turbine;

[0078] Current water flow: the amount of water passing through the turbine per unit time;

[0079] Water temperature data: water temperature at the water inlet;

[0080] Water quality data: water pH value, turbidity, sand content, etc.;

[0081] Altitude: the altitude of the hydropower station;

[0082] Equipment information collection unit, which is responsible for collecting information related to turbines and generators:

[0083] Actual power - ideal power water intake efficiency: the ratio of the actual power generated by the turbine to the theoretical maximum power, reflecting the working efficiency of the turbine;

[0084] Turbine speed: the current rotation speed of the turbine;

[0085] Current opening of guide vanes: The degree to which the turbine guide vanes are opened affects the water inflow;

[0086] The characteristic curve data of water inflow-guide vane opening: reflects the change of water inflow of the turbine under different guide vane openings;

[0087] Speed-output power conversion efficiency: The relationship between the generator speed and its output power reflects the efficiency of the generator;

[0088] Environmental information collection unit, which is mainly responsible for collecting data related to the hydropower station environment:

[0089] Video data: Real-time video streams captured by cameras installed in sensitive areas (such as around important equipment, entry and exit passages, etc.) are used to monitor security conditions and environmental changes.

[0090] In order to further optimize the above embodiment, the modeling and analysis module includes:

[0091] A water inflow analysis unit is connected to the hydrological information collection unit and the equipment information collection unit; based on the collected maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow rate, and water inflow efficiency, a water inflow analysis model is pre-established; the current water head height is substituted into the water inflow analysis model, and the ideal water inflow of the turbine required to maintain the water head height is obtained through calculation;

[0092] The water inflow analysis model is:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, Q id is the ideal water inflow, ρ is the water density, g is the acceleration of gravity, H is the current water head height, Q is the current water flow rate; H t is the expected water head height,

[0095] H max is the maximum head height, H min is the minimum water head height; It is the water inlet efficiency of the turbine with respect to actual power minus ideal power.

[0096] A guide vane opening analysis unit is connected to the water inflow analysis unit, the hydrological information collection unit and the equipment information collection unit; based on the collected water temperature data, water quality data, altitude and characteristic curve data, a guide vane opening analysis model is pre-established; the ideal water inflow is substituted into the guide vane opening analysis model, and the ideal guide vane opening required to achieve the ideal water inflow of the turbine is obtained through calculation;

[0097] The guide vane opening analysis model is:

[0098] O1=f(Q id )=a*(Q id ) b +c

[0099] Among them, O1 is the ideal guide vane opening, the function f(x) represents the relationship between the guide vane opening and the water inlet, which is obtained based on the water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and the characteristic curve data of water inlet-guide vane opening; a, b, c are the coefficients, exponents and parameters of the function f(x), among which the coefficient a and the exponent b are obtained through experiments based on the characteristic curve data; the parameter c is obtained based on the statistics of water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude in the historical operation of the hydropower station, and represents the deviation.

[0100] The generator feedback unit is connected to the equipment information collection unit, and calculates the current generator output power based on the turbine speed and conversion efficiency; pre-sets the ideal output power threshold range, calculates the power difference between the current generator output power and the ideal output power threshold range, and performs real-time fine-tuning of the ideal guide vane opening based on the power difference;

[0101] Based on the turbine speed N and the generator speed-output power conversion efficiency Calculate the current generator output power P f ,

[0102] Preset the ideal output power threshold range Pf0 and the opening step length ΔE;

[0103] When P f ∈P f0 No fine-tuning is performed when

[0104] When P f <P f0 When , the ideal guide vane opening O1 is slightly adjusted downward, and the finely adjusted ideal guide vane opening O2 = O1-ΔE is obtained;

[0105] When P f >P f0 When the ideal guide vane opening O1 is slightly adjusted upward, the ideal guide vane opening O2 after fine-tuning is obtained = O1 + ΔE;

[0106] After each cycle, the above fine-tuning process is repeated; that is, if P f Still not P f0 , the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O2 is further adjusted upward or downward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n , n=1,2,3,…,n;

[0107] If the current water head height H≥H max or H≤H min Stop fine-tuning and restore the ideal guide vane opening O1.

[0108] The abnormal intrusion analysis unit is connected to the environmental information collection unit and analyzes whether there is abnormal intrusion of people in each sensitive area based on image recognition technology;

[0109] Firstly, the moving objects in the video image are extracted by background subtraction technology;

[0110] Detect whether the moving object is a pedestrian based on an object detection algorithm or an instance cutting algorithm;

[0111] Define several sensitive areas in the video image as prohibited areas;

[0112] When a detected pedestrian enters the above-defined sensitive area, an event is recorded, and an analysis result of abnormal intrusion of a person into the sensitive area is generated.

[0113] The decision generation unit is connected to the generator feedback unit and the abnormal intrusion analysis unit, and is used to summarize the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening and the abnormal intrusion situation to generate a control strategy.

[0114] It should be noted that the water inflow analysis model In the formula, (ρ*g*H*Q) represents the actual output power parameter of the turbine, which refers to the actual power generated by the turbine under the current operating conditions; Represents the turbine according to its efficiency The ideal power after magnification; the ideal water inflow Qid represents the water inflow corresponding to the ideal power required to make the current water head height at the desired water head height;

[0115] For example, suppose we have the following given conditions:

[0116] Current water head height H = 50 meters;

[0117] Maximum head height H max =60m;

[0118] Minimum head height H min =40 m;

[0119] Expected head height H t is the maximum water head height H max and minimum head height H min The mean value of H t =50m;

[0120] Current water flow Q = 100 cubic meters per second;

[0121] Water intake efficiency of turbine about actual power-ideal power

[0122] Density of water ρ = 1000 kg / m 3 ;

[0123] Gravitational acceleration g = 9.81 m / s 2 ;

[0124] Calculate the ideal water inflow Q id ;

[0125] 1. Calculate the actual output power parameters of the turbine:

[0126] (ρ*g*H*Q)=1000*9.81*50*100=4905kw

[0127] 2. Ideal power

[0128]

[0129] 3. Calculate the ideal water inlet Q id :

[0130] Q id =5611326.78w / (1000*9.81*50)=114.51m 3 / s.

[0131] Guide vane opening analysis model O1=f(Qid )=a*(Q id ) b In +c, coefficient a and index b are obtained through experiments based on characteristic curve data, and the characteristic curve data is provided by the turbine supplier; parameter c is obtained by statistics of water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude during the historical operation of the hydropower station, representing the deviation;

[0132] For example, based on the characteristic curve data and the statistics during the historical operation, the coefficient a=0.01, the exponent b=1, and the parameter c=-0.1 are obtained;

[0133] Then the ideal guide vane opening O1=0.01*(114.51) 1 +(-0.1)≈1.15-0.1=1.05;

[0134] The ideal guide vane opening here is 1.05, a dimensionless quantity representing the percentage of the guide vane opening or a standardized value; in actual application, the unit of the guide vane opening depends on the specific turbine model and design.

[0135] To identify whether a person has entered a specific area in a video, computer vision and machine learning techniques can be used; a common approach is to use deep learning-based object detection or instance segmentation models to achieve this goal;

[0136] 1. Object Detection Algorithm:

[0137] YOLO (You Only Look Once): strong real-time performance, suitable for application scenarios that require fast response;

[0138] Faster R-CNN: has high accuracy and is suitable for applications with high precision requirements;

[0139] SSD (Single Shot Multi Box Detector): combines speed and accuracy, suitable for real-time monitoring;

[0140] 2. Instance segmentation algorithm:

[0141] Mask R-CNN: It not only detects the location of objects, but also provides pixel-level segmentation masks, which is very suitable for scenarios that require fine control.

[0142] 3. Behavior Analysis Algorithm:

[0143] Can be combined with object detection and tracking algorithms to identify specific behavior patterns, such as break-ins;

[0144] The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0145] Background modeling: First, foreground moving objects can be extracted through background subtraction and other techniques;

[0146] Object detection: Use one of the above algorithms to detect pedestrians in the video.

[0147] Region definition: define one or more regions of interest (ROI) on the image as "no-entry" areas;

[0148] Intrusion detection: When detected pedestrians enter these defined areas, an alarm is triggered or an event is recorded;

[0149] In order to improve the robustness and adaptability of the system, the following strategies can also be adopted:

[0150] Multi-model fusion: combining the output results of different models to increase the accuracy of detection;

[0151] Model training: Use a large number of labeled data sets for training to ensure that the model can identify pedestrians in various situations;

[0152] Environmental adaptability adjustment: adjust model parameters according to actual application scenarios, such as lighting conditions, camera angles, and other factors;

[0153] Through the results of the generator feedback unit, the ideal guide vane opening is adjusted to maintain the desired head height and generator output power, reducing the impact of abnormal environmental factors on power generation capacity.

[0154] In order to further optimize the above embodiment, the automatic control module includes:

[0155] A decision acquisition unit is connected to the decision generation unit and is used to receive the control strategy and compare the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation carried in the control strategy with the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening. n Separation;

[0156] The opening control unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the turbine control device in the field device, based on the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n Control the guide vane opening of the turbine;

[0157] The intrusion alarm unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the alarm in the field equipment. Based on the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation, the alarm in the sensitive area is controlled to work accordingly, and the alarm is sounded to expel the intruder.

[0158] It should be noted that the decision acquisition unit is mainly responsible for receiving the control strategy from the decision generation unit and separating the information carried in the strategy so that subsequent units can independently process different tasks; its main functions include:

[0159] Receiving control strategy: receiving the control strategy including the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening and abnormal intrusion situation from the decision making unit;

[0160] Information separation: Separate the information in the received control strategy into two parts:

[0161] The analysis results of the ideal guide vane opening after fine-tuning and abnormal intrusion conditions;

[0162] The opening control unit is responsible for adjusting the guide vane opening of the turbine according to the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening provided by the decision acquisition unit; its main functions include:

[0163] Receiving the ideal guide vane opening: receiving the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening from the decision acquisition unit;

[0164] Control the guide vane opening of the turbine: convert the ideal guide vane opening into actual operation instructions and send them to the turbine control device to adjust the guide vane opening of the turbine;

[0165] The intrusion alarm unit is responsible for triggering corresponding alarms based on the analysis results of abnormal intrusion situations provided by the decision acquisition unit; its main functions include:

[0166] Receiving abnormal intrusion conditions: receiving analysis results of the abnormal intrusion conditions from the decision acquisition unit;

[0167] Control alarm operation: According to the severity and location of the abnormal intrusion, control the alarm in the corresponding sensitive area to activate and sound the alarm to expel the intruder.

[0168] In order to further optimize the above embodiment, the user adjustment platform is connected with the data acquisition module, the modeling analysis module, and the automatic control module through the communication module to obtain and display the data, analysis results, and control process collected by each module;

[0169] The user adjustment platform is also equipped with a manual intervention unit, through which personnel can change the analysis results of abnormal intrusions in the control strategy and the ideal guide vane opening after fine-tuning. n .

[0170] It should be noted that users adjust the platform to achieve real-time data acquisition, display and control strategy adjustment; the main functions of the platform include:

[0171] Data display: Display the real-time data obtained from the data acquisition module, such as water flow velocity, water level, guide vane opening, etc.;

[0172] Analysis result display: Displays the analysis results from the modeling and analysis module, such as the predicted probability of abnormal intrusion, the recommended ideal guide vane opening, etc.

[0173] Control process display: Display the working status of the automatic control module, such as the actual guide vane opening adjustment action, the status of the alarm, etc.;

[0174] The manual intervention unit allows staff to directly participate in the system's decision-making process and modify the control strategy; its main functions include:

[0175] Changes to abnormal intrusion analysis results: Staff can adjust the results of abnormal intrusion analysis by the system according to actual conditions, such as adjusting the intrusion risk level, changing the location of the intrusion source, etc.

[0176] Fine-tuning of ideal guide vane opening: The staff can manually adjust the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening according to actual experience or specific conditions to adapt to different operating environments.

[0177] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, which is used to collect hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information in the hydropower station in real time; A modeling and analysis module is connected to the data acquisition module, establishes an analysis model in advance, substitutes the current hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information into the analysis model, determines the ideal operating state under the current information, and generates a control strategy based on the difference between the current operating state and the ideal operating state; An automatic control module, which is connected to the modeling and analysis module and the field equipment, and is used to control the actions of the field equipment according to the control strategy and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the hydropower station; A communication module, which is used to realize the information exchange and data transmission process between the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module; The user adjustment platform is connected to the communication module and is used to display the monitoring process in real time and provide a manual adjustment function.

2. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module comprises: A hydrological information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the current water head height, maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow, water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude; Equipment information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the water intake efficiency of the turbine regarding actual power-ideal power, turbine speed, current guide vane opening, characteristic curve data of water intake-guide vane opening, and the conversion efficiency of the generator regarding speed-output power; The environmental information acquisition unit is used to obtain video data at various sensitive areas in the hydropower station.

3. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The modeling and analysis module includes: A water inflow analysis unit is connected to the hydrological information acquisition unit and the equipment information acquisition unit; based on the collected maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow rate, and water inflow efficiency, a water inflow analysis model is pre-established; the current water head height is substituted into the water inflow analysis model, and the ideal water inflow of the turbine required to maintain the water head height is obtained through calculation; a guide vane opening analysis unit connected to the water inflow analysis unit, the hydrological information collection unit and the equipment information collection unit; pre-establishing a guide vane opening analysis model based on the collected water temperature data, water quality data, altitude and characteristic curve data; substituting the ideal water inflow into the guide vane opening analysis model, and calculating and obtaining the ideal guide vane opening required for achieving the ideal water inflow of the turbine; A generator feedback unit is connected to the device information acquisition unit, and calculates the current generator output power based on the turbine speed and conversion efficiency; pre-sets an ideal output power threshold range, calculates the power difference between the current generator output power and the ideal output power threshold range, and performs real-time fine-tuning of the ideal guide vane opening based on the power difference; An abnormal intrusion analysis unit, which is connected to the environmental information acquisition unit and analyzes whether there is abnormal intrusion of personnel in each sensitive area based on image recognition technology; A decision generating unit is connected to the generator feedback unit and the abnormal intrusion analyzing unit, and is used to summarize the finely adjusted ideal guide vane opening and the abnormal intrusion situation to generate the control strategy.

4. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water inflow analysis unit comprises: The water inflow analysis model is: Among them, Q id is the ideal water inflow, ρ is the water density, g is the acceleration of gravity, H is the current water head height, Q is the current water flow rate; H t is the expected water head height, H max is the maximum head height, H min is the minimum water head height; It is the water inlet efficiency of the turbine with respect to actual power minus ideal power.

5. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide vane opening analysis unit comprises: The guide vane opening analysis model is: O1=f(Q id )=a*(Q id ) b +c; where O1 is the ideal guide vane opening, the function f(x) represents the relationship between the guide vane opening and the water inlet, which is obtained based on the water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and the characteristic curve data of water inlet-guide vane opening; a, b, c are the coefficients, exponents, and parameters of the function f(x), where the coefficient a and the exponent b are obtained through experiments based on the characteristic curve data; the parameter c is obtained based on the statistics of the water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude during the historical operation of the hydropower station, and represents the deviation.

6. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The generator feedback unit comprises: Based on the turbine speed N and the generator speed-output power conversion efficiency Calculate the current generator output power P f , Preset the ideal output power threshold range P f0 and opening step ΔE; when P f ∈P f0 When P f <P f0 When P f >P f0 When the ideal guide vane opening O1 is adjusted upward, the ideal guide vane opening O2 after fine-tuning is obtained = O1 + ΔE; after each cycle, the above fine-tuning process is repeated; that is, if P f Still not P f0 , the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O2 is further adjusted upward or downward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n , n=1,2,3,...,n; if the current water head height H≥H max or H≤H min Stop fine-tuning and restore the ideal guide vane opening O1.

7. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The abnormal intrusion analysis unit comprises: Firstly, the moving objects in the video image are extracted by background subtraction technology; Detect whether the moving object is a pedestrian based on an object detection algorithm or an instance cutting algorithm; Define several sensitive areas in the video image as prohibited areas; When a detected pedestrian enters the above-defined sensitive area, an event is recorded, and an analysis result of abnormal intrusion of a person into the sensitive area is generated.

8. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The automatic control module comprises: A decision acquisition unit connected to the decision generation unit is used to receive the control strategy and compare the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation carried in the control strategy with the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening. n Separation; The opening control unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the turbine control device in the field device, based on the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n Control the guide vane opening of the turbine; The intrusion alarm unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the alarm in the field device, and controls the alarm in its sensitive area to work accordingly based on the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation, and sends out an alarm to expel the intruder.

9. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 8, characterized in that: The user adjustment platform is connected with the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module through the communication module to obtain and display the data, analysis results, and control process collected by each module; The user adjustment platform is also provided with a manual intervention unit, through which personnel can change the analysis results of abnormal intrusion conditions in the control strategy and the ideal guide vane opening after fine-tuning. n .

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