Intelligent automatic voltage control method based on water-light complementary power system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent automatic voltage control method based on a water-light complementary power system, and relates to the field of automatic voltage control (AVC) of a power system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the operation data of a power grid, and calculating the demanded quantity Qreq of reactive power according to the voltage deviation; based on the required reactive power demand quantity Qreq, water-light complementary cooperative adjustment is carried out; and according to an adjustment result of the water-light complementation cooperative adjustment, adopting a PID control algorithm to adjust adaptive parameters, and optimizing a control strategy. According to the invention, real-time monitoring and accurate prediction of the power grid state are realized by collecting and analyzing the power grid operation data; through water-light complementary cooperative adjustment, the complementary characteristics of water power and photovoltaic power generation are fully utilized, and the capacity of the system for dealing with load and renewable energy source output fluctuation is improved; a self-adaptive PID control algorithm is adopted to optimize a control strategy, the self-adaptive capacity and robustness of the system are enhanced, it is ensured that optimal control can be achieved under different working conditions, and the capacity of the system for coping with complex working conditions is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automatic voltage control (AVC) of electric power systems, and in particular to an intelligent automatic voltage control method based on a water-photovoltaic complementary electric power system. Background Art

[0002] The stable operation and voltage control of the power system are key factors to ensure the safety of the power grid and the quality of power. In traditional power systems, voltage control usually relies on a single power generation source, such as thermal power or hydropower stations. Hydropower stations are widely used due to their stability and fast response capabilities, and can effectively regulate the voltage of the power grid.

[0003] However, with the rapid development of renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation, the power system faces new challenges. The output of photovoltaic power generation is affected by weather conditions (such as sunshine intensity), so its output power will fluctuate significantly. This instability increases the difficulty and complexity of regulating the voltage control of the power system, requiring the power system to manage the flow and distribution of electric energy more flexibly and intelligently.

[0004] Therefore, the future power system needs to combine multiple power generation resources, especially integrating the advantages of hydropower stations and photovoltaic power generation to improve the stability and responsiveness of the system. This integration can effectively balance the volatility of renewable energy and ensure that the power grid can still operate stably and maintain power quality under various operating conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the voltage control of the existing power system, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to intelligently adjust the voltage in the joint operation of the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station to cope with the grid voltage instability problem caused by the fluctuation of photovoltaic power generation output, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent automatic voltage control method based on a water-photovoltaic complementary power system, which includes collecting grid operation data, calculating the required reactive power demand Q according to the voltage deviation req ; Based on the required reactive power demand Q req , perform water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation; according to the adjustment results of the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation, use the PID control algorithm to adjust the adaptive parameters and optimize the control strategy.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the intelligent automatic voltage control method of the water-photovoltaic complementary power system of the present invention, wherein: the grid operation data includes the actual voltage Vreal , preset voltage V set , hydropower station status and photovoltaic power station status; the voltage deviation includes static deviation and dynamic deviation; the water-light complementary coordinated regulation includes hydropower station regulation and photovoltaic power station regulation; the required reactive power demand Q req The method comprises the following steps: according to the power grid operation data, using the sliding time window method to calculate the voltage deviation; using the support vector machine algorithm to analyze the power grid operation data and establish a prediction model; based on the prediction results of the prediction model and the voltage deviation, calculating the required reactive power demand Q req , update the adaptive voltage regulation coefficient K v (t); The required reactive power demand Q req The formula is as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, Q req is the required reactive power demand, K v (t) is the adaptive voltage regulation coefficient, V set is the preset voltage, V real is the real-time voltage, K0 is the basic adjustment coefficient, α is the voltage deviation weight coefficient, β is the voltage change rate weight coefficient, and dV / dt is the voltage change rate.

[0012] The specific formula of the voltage deviation e(t) is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Where, ΔV s is the static deviation, V set is the preset voltage, ΔV d is the dynamic deviation, V t is the instantaneous voltage value, V ss is the actual voltage value in steady state.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the intelligent automatic voltage control method of the water-photovoltaic complementary power system of the present invention, the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation includes the following steps: obtaining the real-time reactive power output Q of the photovoltaic power station pv , and use the photovoltaic output prediction model to estimate the changes in photovoltaic reactive power output in the short term; based on the required reactive power demand Q req And real-time reactive power output Q pv , calculate the theoretical reactive power demand Q of the hydropower station hydro_theoretical ; According to the constraints, the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station is calculated and the hydropower station regulation is performed; the specific formula of the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, Q hydro is the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station, Q req is the required reactive power demand, Q hydro_theoretical is the theoretical reactive power demand, Q pv is the real-time reactive power output of the photovoltaic power station, Q min is the lower limit of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station, Q max It is the upper limit of reactive power regulation of hydropower station.

[0018] The constraints include the lower limit Q of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station min And the upper limit of reactive power regulation of hydropower station Q max ; Based on the regulation result of the hydropower station regulation, the photovoltaic power station is regulated by adjusting the operation mode of the photovoltaic inverter; based on the regulation result of the photovoltaic power station regulation, the dynamic weight coefficient is calculated, and the required reactive power demand is allocated to the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station, and the model predictive control MPC method is used to predict the regulation effect; based on the predicted regulation effect, the reactive power allocation strategy of the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station is generated.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the intelligent automatic voltage control method of the hydro-photovoltaic complementary power system of the present invention, wherein: the hydropower station regulation is to send a reactive power regulation instruction to the excitation system of the hydropower station and monitor the actual reactive power output response of the hydropower station; the photovoltaic power station regulation includes, if the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station reaches the reactive power regulation upper limit Q of the hydropower station hydro =Q max If the reactive power output of the hydropower station after adjustment still cannot meet the current reactive power demand, the remaining reactive power demand is calculated, the photovoltaic inverter operation mode is adjusted, and the reactive power output of the hydropower station is increased; if the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station reaches the lower limit of the reactive power adjustment of the hydropower station Q hydro =Q min If the reactive power output of the hydropower station after adjustment still exceeds the current reactive power demand, the excess reactive power demand is calculated, and the photovoltaic inverter operation mode is adjusted to reduce the reactive power output of the hydropower station;

[0020] The specific formula of the remaining reactive power demand is as follows:

[0021] Q remain =Q req -Q max -Q pv ;

[0022] Among them, Q remain is the remaining reactive power demand.

[0023] The specific formula of the excess reactive power demand is as follows:

[0024] Q excess =Q min -(Q req -Q pv );

[0025] Among them, Q remain is the excess reactive power demand.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the intelligent automatic voltage control method of the water-photovoltaic complementary power system of the present invention, wherein: the adjustment of the adaptive parameters includes the following steps: collecting the system state after the coordinated adjustment of the water-photovoltaic complementary system, calculating the control signal u(t) based on the PID control algorithm, and calculating the control performance index by the integral absolute error; based on the control signal u(t), using the adaptive algorithm to adjust the PID parameters, the specific formula is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, ΔK p , ΔK i and ΔK d All are adjustment amounts of PID parameters. η1, η2 and η3 are learning rates, which determine the speed of parameter adjustment.

[0029] The output of the PID control algorithm is converted into corresponding reactive power regulation instructions and sent to the AVC systems of the hydropower station and photovoltaic power station. The control effect is evaluated based on the control performance indicators, and the PID parameters are continuously adjusted according to the system response to optimize the reactive power distribution strategy of the hydropower station and photovoltaic power station.

[0030] As a preferred solution of the intelligent automatic voltage control method of the water-photovoltaic complementary power system of the present invention, the PID parameters include proportional, integral and differential coefficients; the specific formula of the control signal u(t) is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, u(t) is the control signal, which is used to adjust the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station and the actual reactive power output of the photovoltaic power station, K p is the proportional coefficient, which is used to determine the response strength of the controller to the current deviation, e(t) is the voltage deviation, K i is the integral coefficient, used to eliminate static error, K d is the differential coefficient used to predict and suppress rapid changes, V set is the preset voltage, V real is the real-time voltage.

[0033] The specific formula of the control performance index is as follows:

[0034] IAE = ∫|e(t)|dt;

[0035] Where IAE is the integrated absolute error.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the intelligent automatic voltage control method of the water-photovoltaic complementary power system of the present invention, the control effect includes the following steps: when the integral absolute error IAE is less than the preset threshold value T1, the current PID parameter setting is maintained; when the integral absolute error IAE is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value T1 and less than the preset threshold value T2, fine-tuning is performed; the fine-tuning includes, if the voltage deviation e(t) is greater than or equal to zero, increasing the proportional coefficient K p and the integral coefficient K i ; If the voltage deviation e(t) is less than zero, reduce the proportional coefficient K p and the integral coefficient K i ; When the integrated absolute error IAE is greater than or equal to the preset threshold T2, the following adjustments are made; if the voltage deviation e(t) is greater than or equal to zero, the proportional coefficient K is increased p and the integral coefficient K i , while reducing the differential coefficient K d ; If the voltage deviation e(t) is less than zero, reduce the proportional coefficient K p and the integral coefficient K i , while increasing the differential coefficient K d .

[0037] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent automatic voltage control system based on a water-photovoltaic complementary power system, which includes: a calculation module for collecting grid operation data and calculating the required reactive power demand Q according to the voltage deviation. req ; Regulation module, based on the required reactive power demand Q req , perform water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation; the control module uses a PID control algorithm to adjust the adaptive parameters and optimize the control strategy according to the regulation results of the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation.

[0038] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the intelligent automatic voltage control method for a hydro-photovoltaic complementary power system as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the intelligent automatic voltage control method for a hydro-photovoltaic complementary power system as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention realizes real-time monitoring and accurate prediction of the power grid status by collecting and analyzing power grid operation data; fully utilizes the complementary characteristics of hydropower and photovoltaic power generation through water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation, and improves the system's ability to cope with load and renewable energy output fluctuations; adopts an adaptive PID control algorithm to optimize the control strategy, enhance the system's adaptability and robustness, ensure optimal control under different working conditions, improve the stability and reliability of the power grid and the utilization efficiency of renewable energy, and enhance the system's ability to cope with complex working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the intelligent automatic voltage control method for the hydro-photovoltaic complementary power system of Example 1.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a computer equipment diagram of the intelligent automatic voltage control method for the hydro-photovoltaic complementary power system in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Reference Figure 1-2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, and provides an intelligent automatic voltage control method based on a water-photovoltaic complementary power system, comprising:

[0049] S1: Collect grid operation data and calculate the required reactive power demand Q based on voltage deviation req .

[0050] Specifically, the grid operation data includes the actual voltage V real , preset voltage V set , the status of the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station; the required reactive power demand Q req The method comprises the following steps: calculating the voltage deviation according to the power grid operation data using a sliding time window method; analyzing the power grid operation data using a support vector machine algorithm to establish a prediction model.

[0051] It should be noted that the construction process of the prediction model includes the following steps: based on the collected power grid operation data, the power grid operation data is cleaned, standardized and feature-engineered to extract key features; the prediction model is constructed using the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm; the processed power grid operation data set is divided into a training set and a test set, the prediction model is trained using the training set, and the hyperparameters are adjusted through the cross-validation method; the prediction model performance is evaluated using the test set, and the prediction model is optimized and retrained based on the evaluation results; the optimized prediction model is deployed to the actual system, and a regular update mechanism is set up to ensure that the model can adapt to changes in the power grid operation status.

[0052] Furthermore, based on the prediction results of the prediction model and the voltage deviation, the required reactive power demand Q is calculated. req , update the adaptive voltage regulation coefficient K v (t); Required reactive power demand Q req The formula is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, Q req is the required reactive power demand, K v (t) is the adaptive voltage regulation coefficient, V set is the preset voltage, V real is the real-time voltage, K0 is the basic adjustment coefficient, α is the voltage deviation weight coefficient, β is the voltage change rate weight coefficient, and dV / dt is the voltage change rate;

[0055] Furthermore, the voltage deviation includes static deviation and dynamic deviation; the specific formula of the voltage deviation e(t) is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] Where, ΔV s is the static deviation, V set is the preset voltage, ΔV dis the dynamic deviation, V t is the instantaneous voltage value, V ss is the actual voltage value in steady state.

[0058] S2: Based on the required reactive power demand Q req , to carry out water-light complementary and coordinated regulation.

[0059] Specifically, the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation includes the regulation of the hydropower station and the regulation of the photovoltaic power station; the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation includes the following steps: obtaining the real-time reactive power output Q of the photovoltaic power station pv , and use the photovoltaic output prediction model to estimate the changes in photovoltaic reactive power output in the short term; based on the required reactive power demand Q req And real-time reactive power output Q pv , calculate the theoretical reactive power demand Q of the hydropower station hydro_theoretical ; According to the constraints, calculate the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station and perform hydropower station regulation.

[0060] Furthermore, the constraints include the lower limit of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station Q min And the upper limit of reactive power regulation of hydropower station Q max ; The specific formula for the actual reactive power output of a hydropower station is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, Q hydro is the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station, Q req is the required reactive power demand, Q hydro_theoretical is the theoretical reactive power demand, Q pv is the real-time reactive power output of the photovoltaic power station, Q min is the lower limit of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station, Q max It is the upper limit of reactive power regulation of hydropower station.

[0063] Furthermore, based on the regulation result of the hydropower station, the photovoltaic power station is regulated by adjusting the operation mode of the photovoltaic inverter; based on the regulation result of the photovoltaic power station, the dynamic weight coefficient is calculated, and the required reactive power demand is allocated to the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station, and the model predictive control MPC method is used to predict the regulation effect; based on the predicted regulation effect, the reactive power allocation strategy of the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station is generated.

[0064] Specifically, the hydropower station regulation includes sending reactive power regulation instructions to the excitation system of the hydropower station and monitoring the actual reactive power output response of the hydropower station; the photovoltaic power station regulation includes, if the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station reaches the reactive power regulation upper limit Q of the hydropower station hydro =Q maxIf the reactive power output of the hydropower station after adjustment still cannot meet the current reactive power demand, the remaining reactive power demand is calculated, the photovoltaic inverter operation mode is adjusted, and the reactive power output of the hydropower station is increased; the specific formula for the remaining reactive power demand is as follows:

[0065] Q remain =Q req -Q max -Q pv ;

[0066] Among them, Q remain is the remaining reactive power demand.

[0067] Furthermore, if the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station reaches the lower limit of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station Q hydro =Q min If the reactive power output of the hydropower station after adjustment still exceeds the current reactive power demand, the excess reactive power demand is calculated, and the photovoltaic inverter operation mode is adjusted to reduce the reactive power output of the hydropower station. The specific formula for excess reactive power demand is as follows:

[0068] Q excess =Q min -(Q req -Q pv );

[0069] Among them, Q remain is the excess reactive power demand.

[0070] S3: According to the adjustment result of the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated adjustment, the adaptive parameters are adjusted by using the PID control algorithm to optimize the control strategy.

[0071] Specifically, adjusting the adaptive parameters includes the following steps: collecting the system state after the water-light complementary coordinated adjustment, calculating the control signal u(t) based on the PID control algorithm, and calculating the control performance index by integrating the absolute error; the specific formula of the control signal u(t) is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, u(t) is the control signal, which is used to adjust the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station and the actual reactive power output of the photovoltaic power station, K p is the proportional coefficient, which is used to determine the response strength of the controller to the current deviation, e(t) is the voltage deviation, K i is the integral coefficient, used to eliminate static error, K d is the differential coefficient used to predict and suppress rapid changes, V set is the preset voltage, V real is the real-time voltage.

[0074] Furthermore, the specific formula for controlling the performance index is as follows:

[0075] IAE = ∫|e(t)|dt;

[0076] Where IAE is the integrated absolute error.

[0077] Furthermore, based on the control signal u(t), an adaptive algorithm is used to adjust the PID parameters. The specific formula is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, ΔK p , ΔK i and ΔK d All are adjustment amounts of PID parameters. η1, η2 and η3 are learning rates, which determine the speed of parameter adjustment.

[0080] It should be noted that PID parameters include proportional, integral and differential coefficients.

[0081] Furthermore, the output of the PID control algorithm is converted into corresponding reactive power regulation instructions and sent to the AVC systems of the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station. The control effect is evaluated based on the control performance indicators, and the PID parameters are continuously adjusted according to the system response to optimize the reactive power distribution strategy of the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station.

[0082] Furthermore, the control effect includes the following steps: when the integral absolute error IAE is less than the preset threshold value T1, the current PID parameter setting is maintained; when the integral absolute error IAE is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value T1 and less than the preset threshold value T2, fine-tuning is performed; the fine-tuning includes, if the voltage deviation e(t) is greater than or equal to zero, increasing the proportional coefficient K p and the integral coefficient K i ; If the voltage deviation e(t) is less than zero, reduce the proportional coefficient K p and the integral coefficient K i ; When the integrated absolute error IAE is greater than or equal to the preset threshold T2, the following adjustments are made; if the voltage deviation e(t) is greater than or equal to zero, the proportional coefficient K is increased p and the integral coefficient K i , while reducing the differential coefficient K d ; If the voltage deviation e(t) is less than zero, reduce the proportional coefficient K p and the integral coefficient K i , while increasing the differential coefficient K d .

[0083] It should be noted that the preset threshold is determined based on system characteristics, operating requirements and historical data analysis, and can be optimized and adjusted through actual operating experience. In this method, it is used to evaluate the integral absolute error.

[0084] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides an intelligent automatic voltage control system based on a water-photovoltaic complementary power system, including: a calculation module for collecting grid operation data and calculating the required reactive power demand Q according to the voltage deviation. req ; Regulation module, based on the required reactive power demand Q req , perform water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation; the control module uses a PID control algorithm to adjust the adaptive parameters and optimize the control strategy according to the regulation results of the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] Reference Figure 2 , is an embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the previous embodiment in that:

[0087] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0088] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0089] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0090] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0091] In summary, the present invention realizes real-time monitoring and accurate prediction of the power grid status by collecting and analyzing power grid operation data; fully utilizes the complementary characteristics of hydropower and photovoltaic power generation through water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation, and improves the system's ability to cope with load and renewable energy output fluctuations; adopts an adaptive PID control algorithm to optimize the control strategy, enhance the system's adaptability and robustness, ensure optimal control under different working conditions, improve the stability and reliability of the power grid and the utilization efficiency of renewable energy, and enhance the system's ability to cope with complex working conditions.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] Referring to Table 1, which is the second embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides an intelligent automatic voltage control method based on a hydro-photovoltaic complementary power system. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0094] Specifically, as shown in Table 1, in the voltage control effect, the method of the present invention controls the voltage deviation within the range of ±0.5kV, which is 80% higher than the ±2.5kV of the traditional method. This is mainly due to the dynamic reactive power demand calculation and the water-light complementary coordinated regulation strategy, which enables the system to respond to voltage fluctuations more quickly and accurately. System loss: The method of the present invention reduces the power loss to 11.9MW, which is 24.7% less than the 15.8MW of the traditional method. This is because the intelligent boundary regulation process considers power loss as one of the optimization goals, while ensuring voltage stability, it also optimizes the economy of the system.

[0095] Table 1 Comparison between the present invention and the prior art

[0096]

[0097] Furthermore, in terms of equipment utilization, the average equipment load rate under the method of the present invention is 68%, which is lower than the 78% of the traditional method. This means that the equipment runs more smoothly, which is conducive to extending the life of the equipment. The water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated regulation strategy avoids excessive use of a single power source by rationally allocating the output of hydropower and photovoltaics. In terms of regulation frequency, the average daily regulation times of the method of the present invention is 50 times, which is 58.3% less than the 120 times of the traditional method, reducing the mechanical wear of the equipment and improving the overall stability of the system. The application of dynamic reactive demand calculation and intelligent boundary regulation processing enables the system to predict and respond to voltage fluctuations in advance, reducing unnecessary regulation operations.

[0098] Furthermore, in terms of system stability, the method of the present invention improves system stability to 99%, which is significantly higher than the 92% of the traditional method. This demonstrates the superiority of the present invention in dealing with complex power systems, especially in dealing with the volatility of hydropower and photovoltaic power generation.

[0099] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent automatic voltage control method based on a hydro-photovoltaic complementary power system, characterized by: include, Collect grid operation data and calculate the required reactive power demand Q based on voltage deviation req ; Based on the required reactive power demand Q req , to carry out water-light complementary and coordinated regulation; According to the adjustment result of the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated adjustment, the PID control algorithm is used to adjust the adaptive parameters and optimize the control strategy.

2. The intelligent automatic voltage control method for the water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid operation data includes the actual voltage V real , preset voltage V set , hydropower station status and photovoltaic power station status; the voltage deviation includes static deviation and dynamic deviation; the water-light complementary coordinated regulation includes hydropower station regulation and photovoltaic power station regulation; the required reactive power demand Q req The following steps are included: Calculating the voltage deviation using a sliding time window method according to the power grid operation data; Analyzing the power grid operation data using a support vector machine algorithm to establish a prediction model; Based on the prediction results of the prediction model and the voltage deviation, the required reactive power demand Q is calculated. req , update the adaptive voltage regulation coefficient K v (t); The required reactive power demand Q req The formula is as follows: Among them, Q req is the required reactive power demand, K v (t) is the adaptive voltage regulation coefficient, V set is the preset voltage, V real is the real-time voltage, K0 is the basic adjustment coefficient, α is the voltage deviation weight coefficient, β is the voltage change rate weight coefficient, and dV / dt is the voltage change rate; The specific formula of the voltage deviation e(t) is as follows: Where, ΔV s is the static deviation, V set is the preset voltage, ΔV d is the dynamic deviation, V t is the instantaneous voltage value, V ss is the actual voltage value in steady state.

3. The intelligent automatic voltage control method for the water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-light complementary coordinated regulation comprises the following steps: Get the real-time reactive power output Q of the photovoltaic power station pv , and use the photovoltaic output prediction model to estimate the changes in photovoltaic reactive power output in the short term; Based on the required reactive power demand Q req And real-time reactive power output Q pv , calculate the theoretical reactive power demand Q of the hydropower station hydro_theoretical ; According to the constraints, the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station is calculated and the hydropower station regulation is performed; The specific formula for the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station is as follows: Among them, Q hydro is the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station, Q req is the required reactive power demand, Q hydro_theoretical is the theoretical reactive power demand, Q pv is the real-time reactive power output of the photovoltaic power station, Q min is the lower limit of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station, Q max It is the upper limit of reactive power regulation of hydropower station; The constraints include the lower limit Q of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station min And the upper limit of reactive power regulation of hydropower station Q max ; Based on the regulation result of the hydropower station regulation, the photovoltaic power station is regulated by adjusting the operation mode of the photovoltaic inverter; Based on the regulation results of the photovoltaic power station, the dynamic weight coefficient is calculated, and the required reactive power demand is allocated to the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station. At the same time, the model predictive control MPC method is used to predict the regulation effect; Based on the predicted regulation effect, a reactive power allocation strategy for the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station is generated.

4. The intelligent automatic voltage control method for the water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydropower station regulation is to send reactive power regulation instructions to the excitation system of the hydropower station and monitor the actual reactive power output response of the hydropower station; the photovoltaic power station regulation includes: If the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station reaches the upper limit of the reactive power regulation of the hydropower station Q hydro =Q max If the reactive power output of the hydropower station after adjustment still cannot meet the current reactive power demand, the remaining reactive power demand is calculated, the photovoltaic inverter operation mode is adjusted, and the reactive power output of the hydropower station is increased; If the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station reaches the lower limit of reactive power regulation of the hydropower station Q hydro =Q min If the reactive power output of the hydropower station after adjustment still exceeds the current reactive power demand, the excess reactive power demand is calculated, and the photovoltaic inverter operation mode is adjusted to reduce the reactive power output of the hydropower station; The specific formula of the remaining reactive power demand is as follows: Q remain =Q req -Q max -Q pv ; Among them, Q remain is the residual reactive power demand; The specific formula of the excess reactive power demand is as follows: Q excess =Q min -(Q req -Q pv ); Among them, Q remain is the excess reactive power demand.

5. The intelligent automatic voltage control method for the water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting of the adaptive parameters comprises the following steps: Collect the system status after the coordinated regulation of water-photovoltaic complementary, calculate the control signal u(t) based on the PID control algorithm, and calculate the control performance index by integrating the absolute error; Based on the control signal u(t), the PID parameters are adjusted using an adaptive algorithm. The specific formula is as follows: Among them, ΔK p , ΔK i and ΔK d All are adjustment amounts of PID parameters, η1, η2 and η3 are learning rates, which determine the speed of parameter adjustment; Convert the output of the PID control algorithm into corresponding reactive power regulation instructions and send them to the AVC systems of the hydropower station and photovoltaic power station; The control effect is evaluated based on the control performance index, and the PID parameters are continuously adjusted according to the system response to optimize the reactive power distribution strategy of the hydropower station and photovoltaic power station.

6. The intelligent automatic voltage control method for the water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The PID parameters include proportional, integral and differential coefficients; the specific formula of the control signal u(t) is as follows: Among them, u(t) is the control signal, which is used to adjust the actual reactive power output of the hydropower station and the actual reactive power output of the photovoltaic power station, K p is the proportional coefficient, which is used to determine the response strength of the controller to the current deviation, e(t) is the voltage deviation, K i is the integral coefficient, used to eliminate static error, K d is the differential coefficient used to predict and suppress rapid changes, V set is the preset voltage, V real is the real-time voltage; The specific formula of the control performance index is as follows: IAE = ∫|e(t)|dt; Where IAE is the integrated absolute error.

7. The intelligent automatic voltage control method for the water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control effect comprises the following steps: When the integral absolute error IAE is less than the preset threshold T1, the current PID parameter settings are maintained; When the integrated absolute error IAE is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value T1 and less than the preset threshold value T2, fine-tuning is performed; The fine-tuning includes, If the voltage deviation e(t) is greater than or equal to zero, increase the proportional coefficient K p and the integration coefficient K i ; If the voltage deviation e(t) is less than zero, reduce the proportional coefficient K p and the integration coefficient K i ; When the integrated absolute error IAE is greater than or equal to the preset threshold T2, the following adjustments are made; If the voltage deviation e(t) is greater than or equal to zero, increase the proportional coefficient K p and the integration coefficient K i , while reducing the differential coefficient K d ; If the voltage deviation e(t) is less than zero, reduce the proportional coefficient K p and the integration coefficient K i , while increasing the differential coefficient K d .

8. An intelligent automatic voltage control system based on a water-photovoltaic complementary power system, and an intelligent automatic voltage control method for a water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include, The calculation module is used to collect grid operation data and calculate the required reactive power demand Q according to the voltage deviation. req ; The regulation module is based on the required reactive power demand Q req , to carry out water-light complementary and coordinated regulation; The control module uses a PID control algorithm to adjust adaptive parameters and optimize the control strategy according to the adjustment result of the water-photovoltaic complementary coordinated adjustment.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the intelligent automatic voltage control method for the water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the intelligent automatic voltage control method for a water-photovoltaic complementary power system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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