Energy storage charging device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile power sources, and particularly discloses an energy storage charging device which comprises a power source conversion module, a lithium ion super capacitor bank, a lithium ion super capacitor charging and discharging protection board and a charging output circuit, and the power source conversion module is used for converting an external power source into a first direct-current power source to charge the lithium ion super capacitor bank. The lithium ion super capacitor charging and discharging protection board is used for carrying out charging and discharging protection on the lithium ion super capacitor bank. The charging output circuit is used for converting a second direct current power supply output by the lithium ion super capacitor bank into an external charging power supply. According to the invention, rapid energy storage and discharging can be carried out, high-efficiency charging can be carried out on other electronic equipment, and the purpose of super rapid charging is realized; meanwhile, the energy density and the power density are high, and the applicability is high; and moreover, the device is long in service life, more environment-friendly and energy-saving, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile power sources, and in particular relates to an energy storage charging device. Background Art

[0002] A mobile power bank (i.e., a power bank) is a portable charger that can be carried by an individual and can store electrical energy. It is mainly used to charge electronic devices. It is especially used in situations where there is no external power supply. Its main components include an energy storage unit for storing electrical energy and a circuit for stabilizing the output voltage (DC-DC converter). Most mobile power banks are equipped with a charger for charging the built-in battery. Most existing mobile power banks use batteries for energy storage and discharge. There are generally problems such as low charging efficiency, short service life, and lack of environmental protection, which urgently need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy storage charging device to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides an energy storage charging device, comprising a power conversion module, a lithium-ion supercapacitor group, a lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board and a charging output circuit, wherein the power conversion module is used to convert an external power supply into a first DC power supply, and transmit the first DC power supply to the lithium-ion supercapacitor group, the lithium-ion supercapacitor group is used to access the first DC power supply for charging, and output a second DC power supply for discharging, the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board is used to charge and discharge the lithium-ion supercapacitor group, and the charging output circuit is used to convert the second DC power supply output by the lithium-ion supercapacitor group into an external charging power supply, and output the external charging power supply to an external electronic device through a charging interface.

[0006] When it is used, the power conversion module can convert the external power supply into a first DC power supply to quickly charge the lithium-ion supercapacitor group. After the lithium-ion supercapacitor group is charged and stores energy, it can output a second DC power supply for rapid discharge. The charging and discharging process of the lithium-ion supercapacitor group can be protected by the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board. Finally, the second DC power supply output by the lithium-ion supercapacitor group is converted into an external charging power supply through the charging output circuit, and the external charging power supply is output to the external electronic device through the charging interface to charge the external electronic device.

[0007] In a possible design, the power conversion module is used to convert external AC mains power into a first DC power supply, and the power conversion module is provided with an NCP1252A series switching power supply chip.

[0008] In one possible design, the power conversion module includes a constant current circuit, and the constant current circuit is used to perform constant current output detection on the first DC power supply.

[0009] In one possible design, the constant current circuit includes an LM358 operational amplifier.

[0010] In one possible design, the lithium-ion supercapacitor group includes at least two lithium-ion supercapacitors connected in series. Lithium-ion supercapacitors have the advantages of high withstand voltage of electrolytic capacitors and large capacity and high energy storage density of electrochemical capacitors, and have the characteristics of high energy density, high power density, fast charge and discharge, long cycle life, environmental protection and good low temperature performance.

[0011] In a possible design, the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board includes a CM1020-N lithium battery protection chip. The CM1020-N lithium battery protection chip has a built-in high-precision voltage detection circuit and current detection circuit, supports overcharge, overdischarge, discharge overcurrent, short circuit, and charge overcurrent detection, and realizes the protection function of the lithium-ion supercapacitor by detecting the voltage, charge and discharge current, temperature and other information of each lithium-ion supercapacitor.

[0012] In one possible design, the charging output circuit includes a TPS5430DDA switching regulator.

[0013] In a possible design, the charging interface is a USB interface.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The present invention can perform rapid energy storage and discharge, and efficiently charge other electronic devices to achieve the purpose of super-fast charging; at the same time, it has high energy density and power density, and strong applicability; and it has a long service life, is more environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the device structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a power conversion module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a lithium-ion supercapacitor group provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the circuit connection between the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board and the lithium-ion supercapacitor group provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the functional structure of a lithium battery protection chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a charging output circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. The specific structures and functional details disclosed herein are only used to describe the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be embodied in many alternative forms, and it should not be understood that the present invention is limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0024] It should be understood that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In the following description, certain details are provided to facilitate a complete understanding of the example embodiments. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments may be implemented without these certain details. For example, the system may be shown in a block diagram to avoid obscuring the example with unnecessary details. In other embodiments, well-known processes, structures, and techniques may not be shown in unnecessary detail to avoid obscuring the embodiments.

[0026] Example:

[0027] This embodiment provides an energy storage charging device, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a power conversion module, a lithium-ion supercapacitor group, a lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board and a charging output circuit, wherein the power conversion module is used to convert an external power supply into a first DC power supply, and transmit the first DC power supply to the lithium-ion supercapacitor group, the lithium-ion supercapacitor group is used to connect to the first DC power supply for charging, and output a second DC power supply for discharging, the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board is used to charge and discharge the lithium-ion supercapacitor group, and the charging output circuit is used to convert the second DC power supply output by the lithium-ion supercapacitor group into an external charging power supply, and output the external charging power supply to an external electronic device through a charging interface.

[0028] In specific implementation, the power conversion module can be used to convert the external power supply into a first DC power supply to quickly charge the lithium-ion supercapacitor group. After the lithium-ion supercapacitor group is charged and stores energy, it can output a second DC power supply for rapid discharge. The charging and discharging process of the lithium-ion supercapacitor group can be protected by the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board. Finally, the second DC power supply output by the lithium-ion supercapacitor group is converted into an external charging power supply through the charging output circuit, and the external charging power supply is output to the external electronic device via the charging interface to charge the external electronic device.

[0029] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the power conversion module is used to convert the external AC mains (such as 220V AC) into a first DC power supply. The power conversion module is provided with a NCP1252A series switching power supply chip. The NCP1252A series switching power supply chip can be used to build a cost-effective and reliable AC-DC switching power supply with multiple key features, such as:

[0030] 1. Peak current mode control: This control mode helps to improve the stability and efficiency of the power system.

[0031] 2. Adjustable switching frequency: allows users to adjust the switching frequency according to specific application requirements to optimize performance.

[0032] 3. Primary side overcurrent protection with latch: with 10ms fixed delay, providing additional safety protection.

[0033] 4. Adjustable soft start timer: avoid current shock at startup and protect circuit safety.

[0034] 5. Automatic recovery undervoltage detection: Provides protection under low input voltage conditions and enhances the safety of the converter.

[0035] 6. Internal 160ns leading edge blanking: reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) and improves power quality.

[0036] 7. Frequency jitter and adjustable internal slope compensation: further optimize EMI performance and reduce electromagnetic radiation.

[0037] 8. +500mA / -800mA source / sink current driving capability: adapt to different load conditions and ensure stable operation of the power supply system.

[0038] 9. Skip cycle operation under light load / no load: Under light load or no load conditions, power consumption can be reduced and energy efficiency can be improved by skipping cycle operation.

[0039] 10. Support SOIC-8 package: can save PCB space and is suitable for cost-sensitive projects.

[0040] At the same time, the power conversion module includes a constant current circuit, which is used to perform constant current output detection on the first DC power supply, and the constant current circuit includes an LM358 operational amplifier. The LM358 constant current circuit usually uses an LM358 operational amplifier to form a current control loop, which includes components such as resistors, capacitors, and diodes, and is used to control the size and stability of the output current. Specifically, the output current generates a voltage drop on the sampling resistor, and the voltage drop is sent to the non-inverting input terminal of the LM358 operational amplifier, and is compared with the set reference voltage. The LM358 operational amplifier outputs an error signal according to the comparison result to facilitate the control of the size and stability of the output current. In order to ensure the safety and stability of the circuit, some protection circuits such as overcurrent protection and overtemperature protection can be added to the LM358 constant current circuit. The overcurrent protection circuit can be implemented by detecting whether the output current exceeds the set value. Once it exceeds the set value, the protection circuit will automatically cut off the output current to avoid circuit damage. The overtemperature protection circuit can be implemented by detecting whether the chip temperature exceeds the set value. Once it exceeds the set value, the protection circuit will automatically cut off the output current to avoid chip overheating. In order to improve the accuracy and stability of the circuit, the LM358 constant current circuit can also adopt some calibration and compensation measures, such as temperature compensation, linearization compensation, etc. Temperature compensation can be achieved by adding a temperature sensor to the circuit, and automatically adjusting the circuit parameters according to temperature changes to maintain the stability of the circuit. Linearization compensation can be achieved by adding a linearization circuit to the circuit, and automatically adjusting the circuit parameters according to the output current to improve the accuracy of the circuit. The LM358 constant current circuit is combined with the NCP1252A series switching power supply chip to achieve dual control of output current and voltage, achieving the effect of the power conversion module from AC power input to DC power constant current and constant voltage output.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 3 to Figure 4As shown, the lithium-ion supercapacitor group includes at least two lithium-ion supercapacitors connected in series. The lithium-ion supercapacitor is an energy storage device that combines the characteristics and advantages of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. It not only has the characteristics of fast charging and discharging and high power density of supercapacitors, but also has the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries, which enables lithium-ion supercapacitors to show advantages in applications that require high energy density and high power density. This capacitor combines the withstand voltage characteristics of electrolytic capacitors with the large capacity and high energy storage density of electrochemical capacitors, and achieves a balance between high energy density and high power density through special structural design and material selection.

[0042] The design of lithium-ion supercapacitors takes into account the excellent withstand voltage characteristics of electrolytic capacitors, combines the anode of tantalum electrolytic capacitors and the cathode of electrochemical capacitors, and adds appropriate electrolyte solutions to form a special structure. This structure enables lithium-ion supercapacitors to have the advantages of high withstand voltage of electrolytic capacitors and large capacity and high energy storage density of electrochemical capacitors, and has the characteristics of high energy density, high power density, fast charging and discharging, long cycle life, environmental protection, and good low temperature performance. Specifically, by replacing the anode with the anode of tantalum electrolytic capacitors, the cathode still uses the electrode of electrochemical capacitors, and taking advantage of the large specific capacitance of the cathode material, it can be regarded as the total capacitance of the supercapacitor compared with the anode capacitance. This design makes the total capacitance of lithium-ion supercapacitors mainly determined by the size of the anode capacitance. At the same time, taking advantage of the large specific capacitance of the cathode material, it can be made very thin to minimize the space it occupies. The remaining effective space is used to expand the anode, thereby increasing the capacitance of the anode as much as possible within the effective space, thereby increasing the energy storage density per unit volume. In addition, lithium-ion supercapacitors are sometimes also called hybrid supercapacitors because they combine the properties of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors and have high energy density and power density, which makes them advantageous in some applications that require high energy density and high power density.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figures 4 to 6As shown, the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board is provided with a total positive pad and a total negative pad for the lead wires of the lithium-ion supercapacitor, and the lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board is integrated with a CM1020-N lithium battery protection chip and a power MOSFET (field effect tube) group for high-power charge and discharge connected to the CM1020-N lithium battery protection chip. The CM1020-N lithium battery protection chip has built-in high-precision voltage detection circuits and current detection circuits, including a voltage detection circuit of an energy storage unit, an overcharge and overdischarge signal processing unit, a logic processing unit, a delay circuit, a short circuit detection unit, a charge overcurrent detection unit, and a discharge overcurrent detection unit, supporting overcharge, overdischarge, discharge overcurrent, short circuit, and charge overcurrent detection. By detecting the voltage, charge and discharge current, and temperature of each lithium-ion supercapacitor, the protection function of the lithium-ion supercapacitor is realized. The CM1020-N chip supports precision resistance detection, and all protection delays are built-in to ensure that the battery can be effectively protected under various conditions of use. The CM1020-N lithium battery protection chip has six pins, including DO pin, CO pin, VM pin, VC pin, VDD pin and VSS pin, among which, DO pin is the MOSFET gate connection terminal for discharge control, CO pin is the MOSFET gate connection terminal for charging control, VM pin is the overcurrent detection and charger detection terminal, VC pin is the negative voltage connection terminal of energy storage unit 1 and the positive voltage connection terminal of energy storage unit 2, VDD pin is the positive power input terminal and the positive voltage connection terminal of energy storage unit 1, and VSS pin is the negative power input terminal and the negative voltage connection terminal of energy storage unit 2.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the charging output circuit includes a TPS5430DDA switching regulator, and the TPS5430DDA switching regulator has the following features and functions:

[0045] 1. Wide input voltage range: TPS5430DDA can accept an input voltage of 5.5V to 36V, which makes it suitable for a variety of different power application scenarios.

[0046] 2. High output current: It can provide up to 3A continuous output current to meet high load requirements.

[0047] 3. High efficiency: pass 100m Ω Integrated MOSFET switches achieve high efficiency up to 95%, reducing energy waste.

[0048] 4. Accurate voltage regulation: With high-performance voltage error amplifier, it can provide high voltage regulation accuracy under transient conditions.

[0049] 5. Protection functions: including over-current limiting, over-voltage protection and thermal shutdown to protect the circuit from overload and overheating damage.

[0050] 6. Internal compensation: The feedback loop is internally compensated, reducing the design complexity and the number of external components.

[0051] 7. Packaging: 8-pin SOIC PowerPAD package, suitable for miniaturization and high integration design requirements.

[0052] In addition, the TPS5430DDA switching regulator also has an undervoltage lockout and a slow start circuit, which are used to prevent startup at low input voltage and limit inrush current respectively. These features make the TPS5430DDA switching regulator very suitable for a variety of electronic devices that require high efficiency, high integration and reliable protection.

[0053] The charging interface adopts a USB interface, which has the characteristics of versatility, convenience, fast charging, safety and wide compatibility. Setting a USB interface to charge external electronic devices is more convenient and applicable.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage charging device, characterized in that: It includes a power conversion module, a lithium-ion supercapacitor group, a lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board and a charging output circuit. The power conversion module is used to convert an external power supply into a first DC power supply, and transmit the first DC power supply to the lithium-ion supercapacitor group. The lithium-ion supercapacitor group is used to connect to the first DC power supply for charging, and output a second DC power supply for discharging. The lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board is used to charge and discharge the lithium-ion supercapacitor group. The charging output circuit is used to convert the second DC power supply output by the lithium-ion supercapacitor group into an external charging power supply, and output the external charging power supply to an external electronic device through a charging interface.

2. An energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power conversion module is used to convert the external AC mains power into a first DC power supply, and the power conversion module is provided with a NCP1252A series switching power supply chip.

3. An energy storage charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power conversion module includes a constant current circuit, and the constant current circuit is used to perform constant current output detection on the first direct current power supply.

4. The energy storage charging device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The constant current circuit includes an LM358 operational amplifier.

5. The energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium ion supercapacitor group includes at least two lithium ion supercapacitors connected in series.

6. The energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium-ion supercapacitor charge and discharge protection board includes a CM1020-N lithium battery protection chip.

7. The energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging output circuit includes a TPS5430DDA switching regulator.

8. The energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging interface is a USB interface.

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