Electrolyte balance regulator of low-protein daily ration for sows

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolyte balance regulator for low-protein daily ration of sows. The electrolyte balance regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 43-56 parts of potassium sulfate, 39-43 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 2-15 parts of potassium-containing zeolite and 1-3 parts of hydrotalcite. The addition amount of the electrolyte balance regulator in the low-protein low-soybean-meal feed for the sows is 0.2-0.4 wt.%. The hydrotalcite used in the invention can relieve the adverse effect of high Cl <-> of low-protein low-soybean-meal daily ration on sows, and both zeolite and hydrotalcite can improve the bioavailability of potassium and sodium. According to the electrolyte balance regulator disclosed by the invention, all the components have a remarkable interaction effect and a positive remarkable synergistic combination effect, and the acid-base balance and electrolyte balance of sows can be effectively regulated by adding the electrolyte balance regulator disclosed by the invention into a low-protein low-soybean-meal feed through the optimal proportion and the combined synergistic effect of all the components; the feed can significantly improve reproductive performance, improve lactation of lactating sows, increase weaning litter weight of suckling piglets, effectively relieve constipation of the sows, reduce dead fetus number and weak litter number of pregnant sows during delivery, and shorten the delivery process of the sows during delivery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electrolyte balance regulator for sow low-protein diets. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of intensive and large-scale breeding industry, the consumption of feed grains has increased year by year. At present, it is urgent to solve the imbalance between supply and demand of soybean meal. Low protein diets are based on net energy, according to the essence of protein nutrition and amino acid nutrition balance theory, without affecting animal production performance and product quality, by adding feed amino acids and their analogues, optimizing protein source structure and other methods, to reduce the crude protein level of the diet, reduce the amount of protein raw materials and nitrogen excretion.

[0003] The precise nutrition system of low-protein and low-soybean meal diets, such as energy-nitrogen balance, net energy requirements, and digestible amino acid balance, has been extensively studied and applied. However, there are few studies on the electrolyte balance (dEB) of low-protein diets. In nutrition, electrolytes refer to anions and cations that remain stable during metabolism. Electrolytes in animal body fluids are mainly involved in maintaining osmotic pressure, regulating acid-base balance, and controlling water metabolism, so that nutrient metabolism is in a suitable environment. The formula for calculating dietary electrolyte balance (dEB) is: the main cations (Na + and K + ) and anions (Cl - ) milligram equivalent, i.e. dEB (mEq / kg) = Na + +K + -Cl - The amount of soybean meal added to low-protein and low-soybean meal feeds is reduced, while K in soybean meal + Rich in content, reducing the amount of soybean meal added will increase the K content in the diet + The concentration of lysine hydrochloride and choline chloride added will increase the Cl - Therefore, a low-protein, low-soybean meal diet often results in a high chloride and low potassium diet. + +K + -Cl - According to the calculation formula, a low-protein, low-soybean meal diet will reduce the dietary dEB, which is far lower than the optimal dEB value of 250mEq / kg for pigs recommended by NRC (2012).

[0004] Electrolytes are involved in body composition, metabolism, and material synthesis, and affect energy utilization. During the reserve period of sows, the body grows and develops rapidly; during pregnancy and lactation, the body metabolism is vigorous, material synthesis is accelerated, and energy demand increases; in recent years, the PSY of sows has increased significantly, and the physiological characteristics and reproductive capacity of sows have increased, which has put forward higher requirements for dEB in the diet. However, low-protein and low-soybean meal diets can lead to dEB imbalance, resulting in a series of breeding and production problems such as reduced reproductive performance, decreased lactation, constipation, and stress. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an electrolyte balance regulator for low-protein sow diets to give full play to the application effect of low-protein and low-soybean meal diets for sows. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide an electrolyte balance regulator for sow low-protein diets.

[0006] The technical solutions specifically adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrolyte balance regulator for a sow low-protein diet, which is composed of 43 to 56 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 39 to 43 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate, 2 to 15 parts by weight of potassium-containing zeolite, and 1 to 3 parts by weight of hydrotalcite.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the potassium-containing zeolite has a particle size of 300-400 meshes, and the potassium content in the zeolite is 2-5%.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the hydrotalcite is Mg-Al hydrotalcite.

[0010] In the present invention, potassium-containing zeolite is obtained by commercial means, such as Chifeng Wuhua Tianbao Mineral Material Co., Ltd. The hydrotalcite used in the present invention can be a commercially available product or can be prepared according to the prior art, and its preparation technology is well known.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a low-protein feed for sows to which is added an electrolyte balance regulator as described in any scheme of the first aspect.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, the electrolyte balance regulator is added to the feed in an amount of 0.2 wt.% to 0.4 wt.%.

[0013] The electrolyte balance regulator for sow low-protein diet of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0014] (1) Hydrotalcites (or Layered Double Hydroxides, LDHs) are anionic inorganic functional materials with strong adsorption capacity for anions. Because the addition of lysine hydrochloride, choline chloride and other chloride salts in low-protein and low-soybean meal feeds will increase the Cl content in the diet. - As the concentration increases, the hydrotalcite used in the present invention will adsorb Cl- in the intestinal tract of the sow, thereby alleviating the adverse effects of high Cl- in the low-protein and low-soybean meal diet on the sow.

[0015] (2) The hydrotalcite used in the present invention is Mg-A1 hydrotalcite, the main elements of which are magnesium, aluminum, CO3 2- 、SO4 2- Magnesium and sulfur are essential mineral elements for sows, which can promote the growth of sows, improve the body's immunity and resist stress. Mg-A1 hydrotalcite has been successfully used to treat digestive diseases. It has good biocompatibility and gastrointestinal mucosal affinity, high surface activity and huge specific surface area, and can improve the bioavailability of potassium and sodium in the electrolyte balance regulator of the present invention.

[0016] (3) The potassium-containing zeolite used in the present invention can play a controlled-release role in the absorption and utilization of potassium. The regular interconnected pore structure and cage-like space, high surface activity and huge specific surface area enable it to have a controlled-release effect on the loaded potassium, thereby greatly improving the absorption and utilization rate of potassium.

[0017] (4) Adding the electrolyte balance regulator of the invention to low-protein, low-soybean meal feed for sows can effectively regulate the acid-base balance and electrolyte balance of sows, significantly improve reproductive performance, improve lactation of lactating sows, increase the weaning litter weight of lactating piglets, effectively relieve sow constipation, reduce the number of stillbirths and weak piglets delivered by pregnant sows, and shorten the delivery process of sows.

[0018] (5) The electrolyte balance regulator of the present invention has significant interactions among its components and has a positive significant synergistic combination effect. Through the optimized ratio of each component and the synergistic effect of the combination, the electrolyte balance regulator-added group with a dietary dEB of 165-175mEq / kg has a better application effect than the group with a dietary dEB of 250mEq / kg (the optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 for pig nutritional requirements).

[0019] (6) Zeolite and hydrotalcite are easy to form a uniform dispersion system, have stable performance and do not absorb moisture, so that the electrolyte balance regulator of the present invention has good fluidity and is easy to mix with feed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described with reference to the following examples.

[0021] The reagents and materials in the following examples can be commercially available products or prepared by methods reported in the prior art without limitation.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] 1. Preliminary experiment: According to the literature "Oral vanadium supplement with bimetallic oxide as carrier and its preparation and use method" (see: Ye Ying, Feng Lujia, Zheng Libo, Shen Zhongyue, Han Jie, Chen Zhifei, Li Shanshan. National invention patent number: ZL02137166.0.), Mg-Al hydrotalcite was prepared by coprecipitation method, the steps are as follows:

[0024] 1) Dissolve 0.225 mol Mg(NO3)2 and 0.075 mol Al(NO3)2 in 250 mL water to prepare salt solution A of Mg(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)2;

[0025] 2) Dissolve 0.675 mol NaOH and 0.225 mol Na2CO3 in 250 mL water to prepare alkaline solution B of NaOH and Na2CO3;

[0026] 3) Add salt solution A and alkaline solution B dropwise into 100 mL of strongly stirred distilled water for 4 hours to form a suspension;

[0027] 4) Place the suspension in a water bath and stir for crystallization at 80°C for 24 hours;

[0028] 5) The product of step 4) was filtered, washed with water until neutral, dried at 80° C., and ground to 300 mesh to obtain the hydrotalcite used in this example.

[0029] In addition, commercially available potassium-containing zeolite was crushed to 300 meshes, and the potassium content in the zeolite was 2% by weight.

[0030] 2. Preparation and addition of electrolyte balance regulator: 50 kg of potassium sulfate, 43 kg of sodium bicarbonate, 5 kg of potassium-containing zeolite prepared in the preliminary experiment of this embodiment, and 2 kg of hydrotalcite prepared in the preliminary experiment of this embodiment are mixed and stirred to obtain an electrolyte balance regulator for low protein diet of sows (EBLPs). The addition amount of the electrolyte balance regulator in the low protein and low soybean meal feed of sows is 0.3 wt.%.

[0031] 3. Sow feeding: 18 adult lactating sows were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) Control group: low protein and low soybean meal diet, crude protein 15.00%, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.61%, 0.17%, and 0.35%, respectively, and dEB was 131mEq / kg; (2) EBLP group: crude protein 15.00%, 0.3wt.% EBLPs were added to the control group feed, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.68%, 0.21%, and 0.31%, respectively, and dEB was 175mEq / kg. (3) High dEB group (optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 pig nutritional requirements): crude protein 15.00%, 0.60wt.% potassium sulfate and 0.42wt.% sodium bicarbonate were added to the control group feed, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.90%, 0.28%, and 0.36%, respectively, and dEB was 250mEq / kg.

[0032] 4. Results: Compared with the control group, the EBLPs group increased the serum K + content (P<0.1), increased apparent digestibility of crude protein in lactating sows (P<0.05), improved fecal score of sows (P<0.05), increased milk production of sows (P<0.1), and increased litter weight of lactating piglets (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with the high dEB group, the EBLPs group had better improvement effects on the above indicators than the high dEB group (the optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 Pig Nutrition Requirements).

[0033] The above results show that adding EBLPs to low-protein, low-soybean meal feed for lactating sows can significantly regulate the electrolyte balance of sows, improve the digestion and absorption of crude protein in feed, improve sow lactation, and increase the weaning litter weight of lactating piglets. Through the optimized ratio and combined synergistic effect of each component in EBLPs, the EBLPs group with a dEB of 175mEq / kg has a better application effect than the high dEB group with a dEB of 250mEq / kg (the optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 Pig Nutrition Requirements).

[0034] Example 2

[0035] 1. Preliminary experiment: The commercially available Mg-Al hydrotalcite was ground to 350 mesh. In addition, the commercially available potassium-containing zeolite was crushed to 350 mesh, and the potassium content in the zeolite was 4% by weight.

[0036] 2. Preparation and addition of electrolyte balance regulator: 43 kg of potassium sulfate, 41 kg of sodium bicarbonate, 15 kg of potassium-containing zeolite prepared in the preliminary experiment of this embodiment, and 1 kg of hydrotalcite prepared in the preliminary experiment of this embodiment, a total of 100 kg, are mixed and stirred to obtain an electrolyte balance regulator for low protein diet of sows (EBLPs). The addition amount of the electrolyte balance regulator in the low protein and low soybean meal feed of sows is 0.4 wt.%.

[0037] 3. Sow feeding: 18 sows in late pregnancy were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) Control group: low protein and low soybean meal diet, crude protein 12.00%, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.61%, 0.16%, and 0.35%, respectively, and dEB was 127mEq / kg; (2) EBLP group: crude protein 12.00%, 0.4wt.% EBLPs were added to the control group feed, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.69%, 0.20%, and 0.34%, respectively, and dEB was 170mEq / kg. (3) High dEB group (optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 pig nutritional requirements): crude protein 12.00%, 0.61wt.% potassium sulfate and 0.42wt.% sodium bicarbonate were added to the control group feed, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.90%, 0.28%, and 0.36%, respectively, and dEB was 250mEq / kg.

[0038] 4. Results: Compared with the control group, the EBLPs group increased the serum K + content (P<0.1), increased arterial blood pH and HCO3- (P<0.1), improved apparent digestibility of crude protein in sows (P<0.05), relieved sow constipation (P<0.05), reduced the number of stillbirths and weak piglets in sow farrowing (P<0.05), and shortened the farrowing process in sows (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with the high dEB group, the EBLPs group had better improvement effects on the above indicators than the high dEB group (the optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 Pig Nutrition Requirements).

[0039] The above results show that adding EBLPs to low-protein, low-soybean meal feed for pregnant sows can significantly regulate the electrolyte balance and acid-base balance of sows, improve the digestion and absorption of crude protein in feed, relieve constipation in sows, reduce the number of stillbirths and weak piglets in sows, and shorten the delivery process of sows. Through the optimized ratio and combined synergistic effect of each component in EBLPs, the EBLPs group with dEB of 170mEq / kg has a better application effect than the high dEB group with dEB of 250mEq / kg (the optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 Pig Nutritional Requirements).

[0040] Example 3

[0041] 1. Preliminary experiment: According to the literature "Oral vanadium supplement with bimetallic oxide as carrier and its preparation and use method" (see: Ye Ying, Feng Lujia, Zheng Libo, Shen Zhongyue, Han Jie, Chen Zhifei, Li Shanshan. National invention patent number: ZL02137166.0.), hydrotalcite was prepared by hydrothermal method, the steps are as follows:

[0042] 1) Dissolve 0.225 mol MgCl2 and 0.075 mol AlCl2 in 250 mL water to prepare a salt solution A of MgCl2 and AlCl2;

[0043] 2) Dissolve 0.675 mol NaOH and 0.225 mol Na2CO3 in 250 mL water to prepare alkaline solution B of NaOH and Na2CO3;

[0044] 3) The salt solution A and the alkaline solution B are quickly mixed to obtain a white slurry; the white slurry is quickly placed in an autoclave and crystallized at 140° C. for 8 hours;

[0045] 4) After crystallization, the slurry was filtered, and the solid part obtained by filtration was washed to neutrality, dried at 80° C., and ground to 400 mesh to obtain the hydrotalcite used in this example.

[0046] In addition, commercially available potassium-containing zeolite was crushed to 400 meshes, and the potassium content in the zeolite was 5% by weight.

[0047] 2. Preparation and addition of electrolyte balance regulator: 56 kg of potassium sulfate, 39 kg of sodium bicarbonate, 2 kg of potassium-containing zeolite prepared in the preliminary experiment of this embodiment, and 3 kg of hydrotalcite prepared in the preliminary experiment of this embodiment are mixed and stirred to obtain an electrolyte balance regulator for low protein diet of sows (EBLPs). The addition amount of the electrolyte balance regulator in the low protein and low soybean meal feed of sows is 0.2 wt.%.

[0048] 3. Sow feeding: 18 adult lactating sows were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) Control group: low protein and low soybean meal diet, crude protein 15.00%, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.61%, 0.17%, and 0.35%, respectively, and dEB was 131mEq / kg; (2) EBLP group: crude protein 15.00%, 0.2wt.% EBLPs were added to the control group feed, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.66%, 0.19%, and 0.31%, respectively, and dEB was 165mEq / kg. (3) High dEB group (optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 pig nutritional requirements): crude protein 15.00%, 0.60wt.% potassium sulfate and 0.42wt.% sodium bicarbonate were added to the control group feed, potassium, sodium, and chloride content of the feed were 0.90%, 0.28%, and 0.36%, respectively, and dEB was 250mEq / kg.

[0049] 4. Results: Compared with the control group, the EBLPs group increased the serum K + content (P<0.1), increased arterial blood pH and HCO3 - (P<0.1), increased the contents of methionine, leucine, aspartic acid and arginine in serum (P<0.05), increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein in lactating sows (P<0.05), improved the fecal score of sows (P<0.05), increased the milk production of sows (P<0.1), and increased the weaning litter weight of lactating piglets (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with the high dEB group, the EBLPs group had a better improvement effect on the above indicators than the high dEB group (the optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 Pig Nutrition Requirements).

[0050] The above results show that adding EBLPs to low-protein, low-soybean meal feeds for lactating sows can significantly regulate the electrolyte balance and acid-base balance of sows, improve the digestion and absorption of crude protein in feeds, promote the absorption and use of amino acids, improve sow lactation, and increase the weaning litter weight of lactating piglets. Through the optimized ratio and combined synergistic effect of each component in EBLPs, the EBLPs group with a dEB of 165mEq / kg has a better application effect than the high dEB group with a dEB of 250mEq / kg (the optimal dEB recommended by NRC 2012 Pig Nutritional Requirements).

[0051] The above-described embodiments are only some preferred implementations of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the relevant technical field may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrolyte balance regulator for sow low-protein diets, characterized in that The composition is: 43-56 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 39-43 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate, 2-15 parts by weight of potassium-containing zeolite and 1-3 parts by weight of hydrotalcite.

2. The electrolyte balance regulator for sow low-protein diet according to claim 1, characterized in that The granularity of the potassium-containing zeolite is 300-400 meshes, and the potassium content in the zeolite is 2-5%.

3. The electrolyte balance regulator for sow low-protein diet according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrotalcite is Mg-Al hydrotalcite.

4. A low-protein feed for sows added with the electrolyte balance regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The sow low-protein feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The addition amount of the electrolyte balance regulator in the feed is 0.2wt.% to 0.4wt.%.