An eccentric machining cutter head for Swiss-type lathe

Abstract

A Swiss-type machine tool eccentric machining tool disc, comprising a disc body, a first turning tool, and a second turning tool with a machining accuracy greater than that of the first turning tool, the disc body is provided with a connecting hole connected to the C2 axis of the Swiss-type machine, the first turning tool and the second turning tool are respectively arranged on the disc body perpendicular to the axis of the connecting hole, the first turning tool and the second turning tool are staggered in the extension direction of the axis, and the second turning tool is closer to the connecting hole than the first turning tool, and the disc body is provided with a clearance hole communicating with the connecting hole corresponding to the first turning tool and the second turning tool. The tool disc is connected to the C2 axis of the Swiss-type machine for use, and the rotation of the C2 axis cooperates with the feeding of the Z1 axis to realize the machining of a slender eccentric cylinder on a workpiece, the machining efficiency is improved compared with the existing milling machining, and the control program is simplified compared with the existing milling machining program.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Swiss-type lathes, in particular to an eccentric machining cutter disc of a Swiss-type lathe. Background Art

[0002] Swiss CNC lathe is the full name of Swiss CNC lathe, which is a precision processing equipment, especially suitable for processing slender shaft workpieces. Figure 1 Some existing Swiss-type lathes 100 are composed of a spindle mechanism 110, a tool holder mechanism 120 and a back spindle mechanism 130, wherein the spindle mechanism 110 includes a C1 axis and a Z1 axis, the tool holder mechanism 120 includes a guide sleeve 121, an X1 axis and a Y1 axis, and the back spindle mechanism 130 (referred to as the back spindle) includes a C2 axis, an X2 axis and a Z2 axis. During operation, the bar is horizontally clamped in the spindle mechanism 110, the Z1 axis pushes the bar to feed through the guide sleeve 121 on the tool holder mechanism 120, the X1 axis and the Y1 axis drive the tool to process the bar from the guide sleeve 121, the C1 axis can be used to drive the bar to rotate or not rotate, and the workpiece is processed by the linkage of the spindle mechanism 110 and the tool holder mechanism 120. The back spindle mechanism 130 can be selected to clamp another tool and link with the spindle mechanism 110 to realize workpiece processing, wherein the C2 axis drives the tool to rotate, and the X2 axis and the Z2 axis drive the tool to move. Some Swiss-type lathes also have a back spindle mechanism 130 that also includes a Y2 axis.

[0003] At present, the method of machining a slender eccentric cylinder with a length-to-diameter ratio greater than 3 on a workpiece by a Swiss-type lathe 100 is mainly to use the linkage milling of the tool holder mechanism 120 and the spindle mechanism 110. In the process of milling the eccentric cylinder, the coordinates of the X1 axis, the Y1 axis, the Z1 axis and the C1 axis need to be continuously changed. The movement of the axis is complex, the machining efficiency is low, and the programming of the control program is complex.

[0004] Based on this, this application is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an eccentric machining cutter disc for a Swiss-type lathe, which can improve the efficiency of machining a slender eccentric cylinder with a length-to-diameter ratio greater than 3 on a workpiece by designing the cutter disc structure.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An eccentric machining tool disc for a Swiss machine comprises a disc body, a first turning tool, and a second turning tool having a machining accuracy greater than that of the first turning tool, the disc body being provided with a connecting hole for connecting to a C2 axis of the Swiss machine, the first turning tool and the second turning tool being respectively arranged on the disc body perpendicular to the axis of the connecting hole, the first turning tool and the second turning tool being staggered in the extension direction of the axis, and the second turning tool being closer to the connecting hole than the first turning tool, and the disc body being provided with avoidance holes communicating with the connecting holes corresponding to the first turning tool and the second turning tool.

[0008] Optionally, the first turning tool and the second turning tool are detachably connected to the disc body.

[0009] Optionally, the disk body is provided with a first connecting groove, a second connecting groove, a first screw hole passing through the side of the first connecting groove, and a second screw hole passing through the side of the second connecting groove, the first turning tool is installed in the first connecting groove, the second turning tool is installed in the second connecting groove, and the first screw hole and the second screw hole are respectively installed with locking screws.

[0010] Optionally, a fourth screw hole opposite to the notch portion of the first connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the disk body corresponding to the first connecting groove, and an adjusting screw is installed in the fourth screw hole.

[0011] Optionally, the tool tips of the first turning tool and the second turning tool face toward the axis of the connecting hole.

[0012] Optionally, the tool tip of the first turning tool and the tool tip of the second turning tool face away from the axis of the connecting hole.

[0013] Optionally, the disc body is cylindrical in shape.

[0014] Optionally, a hole wall of the connecting hole is provided with threads, and the disk body is provided with a third screw hole penetrating through a side of the connecting hole.

[0015] Optionally, the diameter of the avoidance hole is smaller than the diameter of the connecting hole, and a step portion facing the C2 axis is formed at the junction of the avoidance hole and the connecting hole.

[0016] Optionally, the disc body is provided with a radially extending air avoidance groove which is connected to the air avoidance hole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The cutter head is connected to the C2 axis of the Swiss-type lathe for use. The rotation of the C2 axis cooperates with the feed of the Z1 axis to realize the processing of the slender eccentric cylinder on the workpiece. The processing efficiency is improved compared with the existing milling processing, and the control program is simplified compared with the existing milling processing program. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Swiss-type lathe;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter disc;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection hole;

[0022] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of a workpiece containing a slender eccentric cylinder;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a state during the workpiece processing;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another state of the workpiece during machining;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection slots and some screw holes on the disc body;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of another state of the cutter disc;

[0027] Fig. 9 This is the position relationship diagram between the cutter head and the workpiece during concave arc processing;

[0028] Fig.10 This is the position relationship diagram between the cutter head and the workpiece during external polygon processing;

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 100, Swiss lathe; 110, spindle mechanism; 120, tool holder mechanism; 121, guide sleeve; 130, back spindle mechanism; 200, tool disc; 201, disc body; 202, first turning tool; 203, air avoidance hole; 2031, air avoidance groove; 204, axis; 205, second turning tool; 206, connecting hole; 207, thread; 208, third screw hole; 209, step portion; 210, first screw hole; 211, first connecting groove; 212, fourth screw hole; 213, second connecting groove; 214, second screw hole; 300, fishing gear accessories; 301, head; 302, eccentric curved surface; 303, eccentric cylinder; 400, workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial...), then the directional indication is only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first" or "second" etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first" or "second" etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0034] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The eccentric machining tool disc 200 of the Swiss machine includes a disc body 201, a first turning tool 202, and a second turning tool 205. The disc body 201 is provided with a connecting shaft C2 of the Swiss machine (see Figure 1 ), the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 are respectively arranged on the disk body 201 perpendicular to the axis 204 of the connecting hole 206, and the disk body 201 is provided with an avoidance hole 203 communicating with the connecting hole 206 corresponding to the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205.

[0035] The machining accuracy of the second turning tool 205 is greater than that of the first turning tool 202. The first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 are staggered in the extending direction of the axis 204 of the connecting hole 206, and the second turning tool 205 is closer to the connecting hole 206 than the first turning tool 202.

[0036] The above structure enables the cutter head 200 to be connected to the C2 axis of the Swiss-type lathe, and the slender eccentric cylinder 303 on the workpiece is processed by the rotation of the C2 axis and the feeding of the Z1 axis. In addition, the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 constitute a rough turning tool and a fine turning tool, which can act on the workpiece at the same time, and perform rough cutting and fine cutting synchronously, so that the processing efficiency is further improved.

[0037] by Figure 4 Taking the workpiece shown as an example, the method of using the tool to process the eccentric cylinder 303 is explained.

[0038] Figure 4The workpiece is a fishing gear accessory 300, including a head 301 and an eccentric cylinder 303. The head 301 and the eccentric cylinder 303 are transitioned by an eccentric curved surface 302. The eccentric cylinder 303 has a length of 160 mm and a diameter of 3 mm. The total length of the head 301 and the eccentric curved surface 302 (referring to the length of the fishing gear accessory 300 excluding the eccentric cylinder 303) is 26 mm, and the maximum diameter is 13.63 mm.

[0039] by Figure 1 Taking the Swiss-type lathe 100 as an example, the cutter head 200 is connected to the C2 axis through the connecting hole 206, and the cutter head 200 is coaxial with the C2 axis. The processing method is as follows:

[0040] Step S1, profile turning;

[0041] Step S2, milling the eccentric surface 302;

[0042] Step S3: Processing the eccentric cylinder 303.

[0043] The steps of contour turning are as follows: X1 axis positions the turning tool on the guide sleeve 121 (see Figure 1 ) upper side; C1 axis drives the workpiece to rotate; Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed the second specified length from the guide sleeve 121, the second specified length in this embodiment is specifically 186mm, ie the total length of the fishing gear accessory 300.

[0044] The eccentric surface 302 milling step is performed after the outer shape turning step. The eccentric surface 302 milling step is as follows: the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed from the guide sleeve 121, and the feeding length is the length of the eccentric surface 302. During the feeding process, the X1 axis and the Y1 axis drive the milling cutter to move and complete the eccentric surface 302 milling. After the outer shape turning and the eccentric surface 302 milling, the state of the workpiece is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0045] The processing steps of the eccentric cylinder 303 are performed after the processing steps of the eccentric curved surface 302. The processing steps of the eccentric cylinder 303 are as follows:

[0046] First, the workpiece is positioned. The specific method of positioning the workpiece is: the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to move so that the workpiece head 301 and the eccentric curved surface 302 are exposed from the side of the guide sleeve 121 opposite to the C2 axis, and the state of the workpiece at this time is called the first state; next, the C1 axis drives the workpiece to rotate so that the eccentric direction of the eccentric cylinder 303 of the workpiece is parallel to the X2 axis, and the state of the workpiece at this time is called the second state.

[0047] Next, the cutter head 200 connected to the C2 axis is positioned. The specific method for positioning the cutter head 200 is as follows: first, the C2 axis drives the cutter head 200 to rotate so that the clearance groove 2031 on the cutter head 200 is parallel to the X2 axis. The state of the cutter head 200 at this time is called the third state; next, the X2 axis drives the cutter head 200 so that the cutter head 200 and the workpiece head 301 are separated by a specified distance in the X2 axis direction. The state of the cutter head 200 at this time is called the fourth state. The specified distance can be 1mm-10mm. This step can prevent the cutter head 200 from being rotated in the next step. The cutter disc 200 interferes with the workpiece; next, the Z2 axis drives the cutter disc 200 so that the tip of the cutter is flush with the connection between the eccentric cylinder 303 and the eccentric curved surface 302. The state of the cutter disc 200 at this time is called the fifth state. This step can prevent the first turning tool 202 or the second turning tool 205 from interfering with the eccentric curved surface 302 of the workpiece in the next step; next, the X2 axis drives the cutter disc 200 so that the cutter disc 200 is concentric with the eccentric cylinder 303 of the workpiece. The state of the cutter disc 200 at this time is called the sixth state. At this point, the positioning of the cutter disc 200 is completed, the air avoidance hole 203 of the cutter disc 200 rotates around the workpiece head 301, the cutter disc 200 is concentric with the eccentric cylinder 303, and the tip of the cutter disc 200 is aligned with the connection between the eccentric cylinder 303 and the eccentric curved surface 302.

[0048] Next, the processing of the eccentric cylinder 303 is officially started, including: the C2 axis drives the cutter head 200 to rotate, and the Z1 axis drives the workpiece to feed a first specified length in the rotating cutter head 200. In this embodiment, the first specified length is specifically 160 mm, which is equal to the length of the eccentric cylinder 303.

[0049] At this point, the processing of the workpiece is completed.

[0050] After processing, the relative position of the workpiece and the cutter head 200 is as follows: Figure 6 At this time, the workpiece and the cutter head 200 return along the original path, and the processing of the next workpiece can be started.

[0051] It can be seen that when the cutter head 200 is used to process the eccentric cylinder 303, the X2 axis and the Z2 axis are positioned only once before the eccentric cylinder 303 is processed. During the processing of the eccentric cylinder 303, only the C2 axis rotates and the Z1 axis feeds, and other axes do not need to move. The axis movement is simple and the processing efficiency is high. In the experiment, the cutter head 200 only takes 32 seconds to process the above-mentioned fishing gear accessories 300, while the existing milling method takes about 15 minutes. Calculated at the price of 1 yuan per minute for the Swiss-type machining, the processing fee of the existing milling process is about 15 yuan, while the processing fee of the cutter head 200 is only 0.53 yuan, which can greatly reduce the processing cost.

[0052] Reference Figure 3Specifically, the wall of the connection hole 206 is provided with a thread 207. When connected, the C2 shaft extends into the connection hole 206, and the outer thread on the outer periphery of the C2 shaft cooperates with the thread 207 on the wall of the connection hole 206 to connect the cutter head 200 to the C2 shaft. Further, the disc body 201 is provided with a plurality of third screw holes 208 that pass through the side of the connection hole 206, and screws are installed in the third screw holes 208 to better lock the cutter head 200 on the C2 shaft through the screws.

[0053] Optionally, the diameter of the air-avoiding hole 203 is smaller than the diameter of the connecting hole 206, and a step portion 209 facing the C2 axis is formed at the junction of the air-avoiding hole 203 and the connecting hole 206. In this way, when the cutter head 200 is connected to the C2 axis, the step portion 209 can form an axial positioning effect on the C2 axis.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 The disk body 201 is further provided with a radially extending air avoidance groove 2031 which is communicated with the air avoidance hole 203 .

[0055] When processing Figure 4 When machining the workpiece shown in the figure, since the diameter of the head 301 is larger than the radial distance between the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205, the head 301 cannot enter the avoidance hole 203 from between the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 along the axial direction during the positioning before machining the eccentric cylinder 303. The setting of the above-mentioned avoidance groove 2031 provides a channel for the head 301 to enter and exit the avoidance hole 203, so that the present tool disc 200 can machine a workpiece whose head 301 diameter is larger than the diameter of the eccentric cylinder 303.

[0056] In addition, the debris generated during processing can also be discharged through the air avoidance groove 2031.

[0057] Optionally, the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 are detachably connected to the disc body 201. In this way, the orientations of the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 can be changed to form a cutter disc with different functions.

[0058] Reference Figure 7 Specifically, the disk body 201 is provided with a first connecting groove 211, a second connecting groove 213, a first screw hole 210 passing through the side of the first connecting groove 211, a second screw hole 214 passing through the side of the second connecting groove 213, and a fourth screw hole 212 corresponding to the first connecting groove 211 and opposite to the notch portion of the first connecting groove 211.

[0059] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 7The first turning tool 202 is installed in the first connecting groove 211, and the second turning tool 205 is installed in the second connecting groove 213. The first screw hole 210 and the second screw hole 214 are respectively installed with locking screws, which abut against the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 to fix the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 to the disk body 201. In this way, by loosening the locking screws, the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 can be removed from the disk body 201, and the tool tips of the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 can be turned inward (such as Figure 2 As shown) or the tip of the first turning tool 202 and the tip of the second turning tool 205 are directed outwards (as shown) Figure 8 The first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 are fixed to the disc body 201 to obtain a cutter disc 200 with different functions.

[0060] Similarly, by loosening the locking screws, changing the position of the first turning tool 202 in the first connecting groove 211 , and changing the position of the second turning tool 205 in the second connecting groove 213 , the radial positions of the turning tools on the tool disc 200 can be adjusted.

[0061] An adjusting screw is installed in the fourth screw hole 212, and the adjusting screw abuts against the first turning tool 202. In this way, when the length of the adjusting screw extending into the first connecting groove 211 is changed, the offset distance between the first turning tool 202 and the second turning tool 205 in the extending direction of the axis 204 of the connecting hole 206 can be adjusted to meet different processing requirements.

[0062] The knife disc 200 has the following functions:

[0063] Function 1: Processing a workpiece containing a slender eccentric cylinder 303. When processing this workpiece, the cutter head 200 is set to Figure 2 In the state shown, i.e. the state in which the tool tip is facing inward, the tool disc 200 is connected to the C2 axis of the Swiss-type lathe, and the machining of the slender eccentric cylinder 303 is completed through the rotation of the C2 axis and the feeding of the Z1 axis, as described above;

[0064] Function 2: concave arc processing, where the cutter head 200 is set to Figure 8 In the state shown, i.e., the state where the tool tip is facing outward, the C2 axis is positioned in a position where the axis is parallel to the axis of the workpiece 400, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, similarly, the concave arc machining is completed through the rotation of the C2 axis and the feed of the Z1 axis;

[0065] Function 3: External polygon processing, where the cutter head 200 is set to Figure 8 In the state shown, i.e., the state where the tool tip is facing outward, the C2 axis is positioned in a position where the axis is parallel to the axis of the workpiece 400, as shown in FIG. Fig.10As shown, the outer polygon processing is completed by the rotation of the C2 axis, the rotation of the C1 axis and the feed of the Z1 axis.

[0066] In this embodiment, the disc body 201 is shaped as a cylinder, so that the resistance when the cutter disc 200 rotates can be reduced.

[0067] The present invention is described in detail above through specific embodiments, and these detailed descriptions are only limited to helping those skilled in the art understand the content of the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications, equivalent transformations, etc. made by those skilled in the art to the above scheme under the conception of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An eccentric machining cutter disc (200) of a Swiss-type machine tool, used for machining a workpiece, the workpiece comprising a head (301) and an eccentric cylinder (303), the head (301) and the eccentric cylinder (303) being transitioned by an eccentric curved surface (302), the cutter disc (200) being used to machine the eccentric cylinder (303), characterized in that: The invention comprises a disc body (201), a first turning tool (202), and a second turning tool (205) having a processing accuracy greater than that of the first turning tool (202); the disc body (201) is provided with a connecting hole (206) for connecting to a C2 axis of a Swiss-type lathe; the first turning tool (202) and the second turning tool (205) are respectively arranged on the disc body (201) perpendicular to an axis (204) of the connecting hole (206); the first turning tool (202) and the second turning tool (205) are arranged in a staggered manner in an extending direction of the axis (204); and the second turning tool (205) is closer to the connecting hole (206) than the first turning tool (202). 06), the disc body (201) is provided with an avoidance hole (203) communicating with the connecting hole (206) corresponding to the first turning tool (202) and the second turning tool (205); the disc body (201) is provided with an avoidance groove (2031) extending radially and communicating with the avoidance hole (203), the avoidance groove (2031) is configured as a passage for the head (301) of the workpiece to enter and exit the avoidance hole (203), the diameter of the avoidance hole (203) is smaller than the diameter of the connecting hole (206), and a step portion (209) facing the C2 axis is formed at the junction of the avoidance hole (203) and the connecting hole (206).

2. The eccentric machining cutter head (200) of a Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first turning tool (202) and the second turning tool (205) are detachably connected to the disc body (201).

3. The eccentric machining cutter head (200) of a Swiss-type lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The disk body (201) is provided with a first connecting groove (211), a second connecting groove (213), a first screw hole (210) penetrating the side of the first connecting groove (211), and a second screw hole (214) penetrating the side of the second connecting groove (213); the first turning tool (202) is installed in the first connecting groove (211), the second turning tool (205) is installed in the second connecting groove (213), and the first screw hole (210) and the second screw hole (214) are respectively installed with locking screws.

4. The eccentric machining cutter head (200) of a Swiss-type lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the disk body (201) corresponding to the first connecting groove (211) is provided with a fourth screw hole (212) opposite to the notch portion of the first connecting groove (211), and an adjusting screw is installed in the fourth screw hole (212).

5. The eccentric machining cutter head (200) of a Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool tips of the first turning tool (202) and the second turning tool (205) are oriented toward the axis (204) of the connecting hole (206).

6. The eccentric machining cutter head (200) of a Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disc body (201) is cylindrical in shape.

7. The eccentric machining cutter head (200) of a Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall of the connection hole (206) is provided with a thread (207), and the disk body (201) is provided with a third screw hole (208) penetrating the side of the connection hole (206).

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