Anti-freezing system for polar region ship

Abstract

The anti-freezing system comprises a compressor, a heating cabin, anti-freezing equipment, a domestic sewage tank and an expansion valve, and the anti-freezing equipment is connected with the compressor and serves as a condenser side of the compressor; the heating cabin and the domestic sewage tank are connected with the compressor through an expansion valve to serve as the evaporator side of the compressor, and energy migration of the anti-freezing system is achieved through driving of the compressor. The ship waste heat can serve as a heat source of a polar region ship anti-freezing system, and equipment anti-freezing is conducted through the waste heat. While freezing prevention is carried out on equipment, the temperature of the heating place of the ship can be effectively adjusted and accurately controlled, and air conditioner control is carried out on the heating place and the room temperature is kept while heat is extracted. Compressor refrigeration heat pump circulation is used as an energy lever, multiple parts of heat can be extracted for freezing prevention through one part of electricity, meanwhile, multiple parts of cold can be extracted for room temperature control of a heating cabin, and the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a ship antifreeze system, which is used for antifreeze of equipment of ships sailing in polar regions and belongs to the technical field of cold protection of polar ships. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the departure of the Xuelong 2 polar icebreaker research vessel to the North and South Poles, my country's polar scientific research has reached a new peak. With the design and construction of a new batch of polar ships, many polar ship design problems have emerged and need to be solved by my country's polar ship designers. Among them, polar ship antifreeze is an important issue. Polar low temperatures affect the physical properties of ship external equipment, which in turn is related to the safety of polar equipment operations and the smooth progress of polar scientific research.

[0003] Traditional polar antifreeze systems use electric heating equipment, which has a low thermal efficiency ratio. One unit of electricity can only generate less than one unit of heat energy. When sailing in polar waters where replenishment is inconvenient, equipment antifreeze consumes a lot of ship energy. On the other hand, although sailing in cold areas, the heat in the heating compartments inside the ship often requires electricity to cool down through air conditioning or mechanical ventilation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polar ship antifreeze system, through which the waste energy of polar ships is actively allocated and reasonably utilized, firstly to ensure the antifreeze effect of the equipment, secondly to ensure the temperature of the ship's heating cabin, and finally to reduce the energy consumption of antifreeze expenses as much as possible.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a polar ship antifreeze system, including a compressor, a heating cabin, an antifreeze device, a domestic sewage tank, and an expansion valve. The antifreeze device is connected to the compressor, serving as the condenser side of the compressor; the heating cabin and the domestic sewage tank are connected to the compressor through the expansion valve, serving as the evaporator side of the compressor, and the energy migration of the antifreeze system is realized by driving the compressor.

[0006] Furthermore, a heating compartment expansion valve is arranged between the compressor and the heating compartment evaporator, and a domestic sewage tank expansion valve is arranged between the compressor and the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger.

[0007] Furthermore, when the polar ship antifreeze system is in operation, the first-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the heating cabin, while the temperature of the heating cabin is reduced and maintained.

[0008] Furthermore, when the heat in the heating compartment is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from the domestic sewage tank.

[0009] Furthermore, electric heating is provided at the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the third-level antifreeze heat or the emergency antifreeze system.

[0010] Furthermore, the antifreeze device is provided with an antifreeze device heater, an antifreeze device temperature sensor, and an antifreeze device heating thermostat; the heating cabin is provided with a heating cabin temperature sensor and a heating cabin temperature control thermostat, which are used to perform two-way temperature control on the antifreeze device and the heating cabin, and through the refrigeration heat pump cycle, the transportation and exchange of cold and heat are amplified to fully save energy.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the polar ship antifreeze system, and multiple heating cabins are connected in parallel to the polar ship antifreeze system.

[0012] Furthermore, the circulating medium in the polar ship antifreeze system is refrigerant; thermal insulation measures are taken for all pipelines in the polar ship antifreeze system.

[0013] Furthermore, the expansion valve uses an electronic expansion valve to accurately control the temperature of the heating compartment.

[0014] Furthermore, the compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] (1) The present invention can use ship waste heat as a heat source for a polar ship antifreeze system, and utilize waste heat to perform equipment antifreeze.

[0017] (2) The present invention can effectively adjust the temperature of the heating space of the ship and accurately control the temperature while protecting the equipment from freezing. It can also perform air conditioning control on the heating space and maintain the room temperature while extracting heat.

[0018] (3) The present invention uses a compressor refrigeration heat pump cycle as an energy lever. One unit of electricity can extract multiple units of heat for antifreeze, and can also extract multiple units of cold air for room temperature control in the heating compartment, with a high overall energy efficiency ratio. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the polar ship antifreeze system of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure: 1. Compressor; 2. Heating cabin; 3. Antifreeze equipment; 4. Domestic sewage tank; 5. Heating cabin expansion valve; 6. Refrigerant pipeline; 7. Heating cabin temperature sensor; 8. Heating cabin temperature control thermostat; 9. Electric heating; 10. Heating cabin evaporator; 11. Domestic sewage tank expansion valve; 12. Domestic sewage tank heat exchanger; 13. Antifreeze equipment temperature sensor; 14. Antifreeze equipment heating thermostat; 15. Antifreeze equipment heater; 16. Antifreeze equipment refrigerant diverter valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, an antifreeze system for a polar ship provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a compressor 1, a heating cabin 2, an antifreeze device 3, a domestic sewage tank 4, a heating cabin expansion valve 5, a refrigerant pipeline 6, a heating cabin temperature sensor 7, a heating cabin temperature adjustment thermostat 8, an electric heater 9, a heating cabin evaporator 10, a domestic sewage tank expansion valve 11, a domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 12, an antifreeze device temperature sensor 13, an antifreeze device heating thermostat 14, an antifreeze device heater 15, and an antifreeze device refrigerant diverter valve 16.

[0023] The antifreeze device 3 is connected to the compressor 1 through the refrigerant pipeline 6, and the compressor 1 is connected to the heating cabin evaporator 10 in the heating cabin 2 and the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 12 in the domestic sewage tank 4, and then a loop is formed by connecting the antifreeze device heater 15 in the antifreeze device 3. Among them: the antifreeze device heater 14 is used as the condenser side of the compressor 1, and the heating cabin evaporator 10 and the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 12 are used as the evaporator side of the compressor 1. The heating cabin expansion valve 5 is set between the compressor 1 and the heating cabin evaporator 10, and the domestic sewage tank expansion valve 11 is set between the compressor 1 and the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 12, and the energy migration of the antifreeze system is realized by driving the compressor 1.

[0024] When the system is running, the first-level antifreeze heat is first obtained from the heating cabin 2, while reducing and maintaining the temperature of the heating cabin 2. When the heat of the heating cabin 2 is insufficient, the second-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the waste heat of the ship, such as domestic sewage.

[0025] The antifreeze device 3 is provided with an antifreeze device heater 15, an antifreeze device temperature sensor 13, and an antifreeze device heating thermostat 14. The electric heating 9 at the antifreeze device can be used as a three-stage antifreeze heat or an emergency antifreeze system supplement.

[0026] The heating chamber 2 is provided with a heating chamber temperature sensor 7 and a heating chamber temperature control thermostat 8 .

[0027] The present invention has the following characteristics:

[0028] (1) A compressor is used to drive the antifreeze system. The antifreeze equipment is used as the condenser side of the compressor, and the heat-generating compartment and waste heat are used as the evaporator side of the compressor. The system is equipped with an expansion valve and an automatic control device to achieve energy transfer of the antifreeze system through compressor drive.

[0029] (2) If necessary, electric heating at the antifreeze device can be used as a supplement to the third-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system. (3) Multiple antifreeze devices can be connected in parallel to the antifreeze system, and multiple heating compartments can be connected in parallel to the antifreeze system.

[0030] (4) The circulating medium in the antifreeze system is refrigerant.

[0031] (5) Expansion valve An optional electronic expansion valve can accurately control the temperature of heat-generating compartments, such as IT rooms.

[0032] (6) The compressor is a variable frequency compressor

[0033] (7) All pipelines shall be thermally insulated.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is to use an electric-driven compressor as the mechanical power of the antifreeze system, and utilize the evaporation and condensation of the refrigerant to transport the redundant waste heat of the ship to the antifreeze equipment to prevent the equipment from freezing. At the same time, the external cold at the equipment is transported to the heating cabin on the ship to cool it down and maintain the required room temperature; the antifreeze heat source is divided into three levels. First, the refrigerant transports heat from the heating cabin as the first-level heat. When the required antifreeze heat is too large and cannot be met by the heating cabin, heat is extracted from domestic wastewater as the second-level heat. When necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment is used as the third-level heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze standby.

[0035] The specific working process of the present invention is:

[0036] The compressor 1 is started to drive the refrigerant to circulate in the refrigerant pipeline 6. After the refrigerant is compressed and condensed by the compressor 1, it is decompressed by the heating cabin expansion valve 5 and enters the heating cabin 2. It evaporates and absorbs heat through the heating cabin evaporator 10. After that, the refrigerant becomes gaseous and passes through the antifreeze device refrigerant diverter valve 16 to enter the antifreeze device 3 and condense and release heat through the antifreeze device heater 15. It then recirculates and enters the compressor 1 to be compressed, thus completing a cycle. In this process, the redundant waste heat in the heating cabin 2 of the ship is transported to the antifreeze device 3 by utilizing the evaporation and condensation physical properties of the refrigerant to prevent the antifreeze device 3 from freezing. At the same time, the cold energy in the antifreeze device 3 is transported to the heating cabin 2 inside the ship to cool it down and maintain the required room temperature; when the heating energy required by the antifreeze device 3 is too large and cannot be met by the heating cabin 2, heat is extracted from the domestic sewage tank 4 through the domestic sewage tank expansion valve 11 and the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 12 as the second-stage heat. If necessary, the electric heater 9 at the antifreeze device can be used as a third-stage heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze standby. Among them, the heating cabin temperature sensor 7 and the heating cabin temperature adjustment thermostat 8 monitor and maintain the required temperature of the heating cabin 2; the antifreeze equipment temperature sensor 13 and the antifreeze equipment heating thermostat 14 monitor and maintain the minimum maintenance temperature required by the antifreeze equipment 3.

[0037] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the contents described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar ship antifreeze system, characterized by: It includes a compressor, a heating cabin, an antifreeze device, a domestic sewage tank, and an expansion valve. The antifreeze device is connected to the compressor, serving as the condenser side of the compressor; the heating cabin and the domestic sewage tank are connected to the compressor through an expansion valve, serving as the evaporator side of the compressor, and the energy transfer of the antifreeze system is achieved through the compressor drive.

2. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating compartment expansion valve is arranged between the compressor and the heating compartment evaporator, and a domestic sewage tank expansion valve is arranged between the compressor and the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger.

3. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the polar ship antifreeze system is running, the first-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the heating cabin, while the temperature of the heating cabin is reduced and maintained.

4. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the heat in the heating compartment is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from the domestic sewage tank.

5. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Electric heating is installed at the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the third-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system.

6. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze device is equipped with an antifreeze device heater, an antifreeze device temperature sensor, and an antifreeze device heating thermostat; the heating cabin is equipped with a heating cabin temperature sensor and a heating cabin temperature control thermostat, which are used to perform two-way temperature control on the antifreeze device and the heating cabin, and through the refrigeration heat pump cycle, the transportation and exchange of cold and heat are amplified to fully save energy.

7. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the polar ship antifreeze system, and multiple heating cabins are connected in parallel to the polar ship antifreeze system.

8. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating medium in the polar ship antifreeze system is refrigerant; all pipelines in the polar ship antifreeze system are thermally insulated.

9. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion valve uses an electronic expansion valve to accurately control the temperature of the heating compartment.

10. The polar ship antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

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