Polar region ship anti-freezing system capable of actively deploying waste energy

Abstract

The invention relates to a polar region ship anti-freezing system capable of actively deploying waste energy, a compressor unit pipeline circulation main system is connected with a refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem and a heating medium water pipeline circulation subsystem to jointly drive the anti-freezing system to operate, and the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system comprises a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporation module and a condensation module. The compressor is sequentially connected with the expansion valve, the evaporation module and the condensation module to form a compressor unit pipeline circulation main loop. The anti-freezing system is provided with an automatic control device, heat in the anti-freezing system is driven to be transferred to the anti-freezing equipment side from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side through common operation of the compressor and the cold and hot medium water pump, and the heating requirement of the anti-freezing equipment is met through ship waste heat. Waste energy of polar region ships is actively allocated and reasonably utilized through the anti-freezing system, firstly, the anti-freezing effect of equipment is guaranteed, secondly, the temperature of heating cabins of the ships is guaranteed, and finally, energy consumption of anti-freezing expenditure is reduced as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a ship antifreeze system, which is used for antifreeze of equipment of ships sailing in polar regions and belongs to the technical field of cold protection of polar ships. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the departure of the Xuelong 2 polar icebreaker research vessel to the North and South Poles, my country's polar scientific research has reached a new peak. With the design and construction of a new batch of polar ships, many polar ship design problems have emerged and need to be solved by my country's polar ship designers. Among them, polar ship antifreeze is an important issue. Polar low temperatures affect the physical properties of ship external equipment, which in turn is related to the safety of polar equipment operations and the smooth progress of polar scientific research.

[0003] Traditional polar antifreeze systems use electric heating equipment, which has a low thermal efficiency ratio. One unit of electricity can only generate less than one unit of heat energy. When sailing in polar waters where replenishment is inconvenient, equipment antifreeze consumes a lot of ship energy. On the other hand, although sailing in cold areas, the heat in the heating compartments inside the ship often requires electricity to cool down through air conditioning or mechanical ventilation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a polar ship antifreeze system that can actively allocate waste energy, through which the waste energy of polar ships is actively allocated and reasonably utilized, firstly to ensure the antifreeze effect of the equipment, secondly to ensure the temperature of the ship's heating cabin, and finally to reduce the energy consumption of antifreeze expenses as much as possible.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is: a polar ship antifreeze system that can actively allocate waste energy, including a compressor unit pipeline circulation main system, a refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem and a heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem, the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system is connected to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem and the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem to jointly drive the antifreeze system to operate, the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system includes a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporation module, and a condensation module, and the compressor is sequentially connected to the expansion valve, the evaporation module, and the condensation module to form a compressor unit pipeline circulation main loop; the antifreeze system is provided with an automatic control device, through the compressor in the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system and the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem and the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem The cold and hot water pumps of the system jointly drive the heat inside the antifreeze system to migrate from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side, and the waste heat of the ship is used to meet the heating needs of the antifreeze equipment.

[0006] Furthermore, when the antifreeze system is in operation, the first-level antifreeze heat is preferentially obtained from the heating compartment, while the temperature of the heating compartment is reduced and maintained to the design temperature.

[0007] Furthermore, when the heat in the heating compartment is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from the ship's waste heat such as domestic sewage.

[0008] Furthermore, electric heating is added to the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the third-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system.

[0009] Furthermore, the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem includes a refrigerant water pump, a heating cabin heat exchanger and a domestic sewage heat exchanger, an antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline, and an evaporation module of the compressor unit pipeline. The refrigerant water pump is connected to the heating cabin heat exchanger and the domestic sewage heat exchanger through the antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline via the evaporation module to form a refrigerant water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem includes a heat medium water pump, an antifreeze device heater, a heat medium water pipeline, and a condensation module of a compressor pipeline. The heat medium water pump is connected to the antifreeze device heater through the heat medium water pipeline via the condensation module of the compressor pipeline to form a heat medium water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem, and a plurality of heating compartments and ship waste heat are connected in parallel to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem.

[0012] Furthermore, the circulating medium of the compressor pipeline circulation main system is refrigerant.

[0013] Furthermore, the circulating medium of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze refrigerant water, and the circulating medium of the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze heat medium water.

[0014] Furthermore, all circulation pipes in the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and cold-proof materials.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention can use ship waste heat as a heat source for a polar ship antifreeze system and utilize waste heat to prevent equipment from freezing.

[0017] 2. The present invention can effectively adjust the temperature of the heating places of the ship and accurately control the temperature while preventing the equipment from freezing. It can also perform air conditioning control on the heating places and maintain the room temperature while extracting heat.

[0018] 3. The present invention uses a compressor refrigeration heat pump cycle as an energy lever. One unit of electricity can extract multiple units of heat for antifreeze, and at the same time can extract multiple units of cold air for room temperature control in the heating compartment, with a high overall energy efficiency ratio.

[0019] 4. The key technical point of the present invention is to use mechanical circulation to drive the polar ship antifreeze system, effectively utilize waste heat and external cold, perform two-way temperature control on the antifreeze equipment and the heating place, and through the refrigeration heat pump circulation, amplify the transfer and exchange of cold and heat, and fully save energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy of the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1. Compressor unit pipeline circulation main system; 2. Refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem; 3. Heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem; 4. Compressor; 5. Expansion valve; 6. Evaporation module; 7. Condensation module; 8. Refrigerant water pump; 9. Heat medium water pump; 10. Heating cabin; 11. Domestic sewage tank; 12. Antifreeze equipment; 13. Heating cabin temperature sensor; 14. Heating cabin temperature control thermostat; 15. Electric heating; 16. Heating cabin heat exchanger; 17. Domestic sewage heat exchanger; 18. Antifreeze equipment heater; 19. Refrigerant water distributor; 20. Antifreeze equipment temperature sensor; 21. Antifreeze equipment heating thermostat; 22. Heat medium water distributor; 23. Domestic sewage tank branch valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, an antifreeze system for polar ships capable of actively deploying waste energy provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises a compressor unit pipeline circulation main system 1, a refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 and a heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem 3. The compressor unit pipeline circulation main system 1 is connected to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 and the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem 3 to jointly drive the antifreeze system to operate. The antifreeze system is provided with an automatic control device, and the heat inside the antifreeze system is driven to migrate from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side by the compressor in the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system 1 and the cold and hot medium water pumps of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 and the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem 3, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the ship to meet the heating demand of the antifreeze equipment.

[0024] When the antifreeze system is running, the first-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the heating compartment first, while reducing the temperature of the heating compartment and maintaining it to the design temperature. When the heat of the heating compartment is not enough, the second-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the ship's waste heat such as domestic sewage. If necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment can be used as a supplement to the third-level antifreeze heat or the emergency antifreeze system.

[0025] The compressor group pipeline circulation main system 1 includes a compressor 4, an expansion valve 5, an evaporation module 6, a condensation module 7 and corresponding refrigerant pipelines. The compressor 4 is sequentially connected to the expansion valve 5, the evaporation module 6, and the condensation module 7 to form a compressor group pipeline circulation main loop.

[0026] The refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 includes a refrigerant water pump 8, a heating cabin heat exchanger 16 and a domestic sewage heat exchanger 17, an antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline, and an evaporation module 6 of a compressor unit pipeline. The refrigerant water pump 8 is connected to the heating cabin heat exchanger 16 and the domestic sewage heat exchanger 17 through the antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline via the evaporation module 6 to form a refrigerant water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

[0027] The heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem 3 includes a heat medium water pump 9, an antifreeze device heater 18, a heat medium water pipeline, and a compressor pipeline condensation module 7. The heat medium water pump 9 is connected to the antifreeze device heater 18 through the heat medium water pipeline via the compressor pipeline condensation module 7 to form a heat medium water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

[0028] Multiple antifreeze devices can be connected in parallel to the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem, and multiple heating cabins and ship waste heat can be connected in parallel to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem.

[0029] The circulating medium of the compressor pipeline circulation main system 1 is refrigerant.

[0030] The circulating medium of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 is antifreeze refrigerant water, and the circulating medium of the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem 3 is antifreeze heat medium water.

[0031] All circulation pipes in the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and cold-proof materials.

[0032] The working principle of the present invention is to use an electrically driven compressor unit and a cold and hot medium water pump as the mechanical power of the antifreeze system, and utilize the evaporation and condensation of the refrigerant to transport the redundant waste heat of the ship to the antifreeze equipment to prevent the equipment from freezing. At the same time, the external cold at the antifreeze equipment is transported to the heating cabin inside the ship to cool it down and maintain the required room temperature; the antifreeze heat source is divided into three levels. First, the refrigerant transports heat from the heating cabin as the first-level heat. When the required antifreeze heat is too large and cannot be met by the heating cabin, heat is extracted from domestic wastewater as the second-level heat. If necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment is used as a third-level heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze standby.

[0033] The specific working process of the present invention is:

[0034] Start the compressor 4, drive the refrigerant to perform the compressor unit pipeline circulation 1, after the refrigerant is compressed and condensed by the compressor 4, it is decompressed by the expansion valve 5, enters the evaporation module 6 for evaporation and heat absorption, and performs heat exchange with the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water pipeline circulation 2. After becoming gaseous, it enters the condensation module 7 for condensation and heat release, and performs heat exchange with the heat medium water in the heat medium water pipeline circulation 3, and then recirculates into the compressor 4 to be compressed, completing a main system cycle. Driven by the refrigerant water pump 8, the high-temperature refrigerant water from the heating cabin 10 in the refrigerant water pipeline circulation 2 enters the evaporation module 6 to absorb heat, and after cooling, it becomes low-temperature refrigerant water, which is proportionally diverted by the refrigerant water distributor 19 and returns to each heating cabin 10. It performs heat exchange through the heating cabin heat exchanger 16 to cool the cabin, and after absorbing the heat of the heating cabin 10, it becomes high-temperature refrigerant water and recirculates into the evaporation module 6, completing a subsystem cycle. Driven by the heat medium water pump 9, the low-temperature heat medium water in the heat medium water pipeline circulation 3 from the antifreeze device 12 enters the condensation module 7 to cool the gaseous refrigerant, and after heating, it becomes high-temperature refrigerant water through the heat medium water divider 22 and returns to the antifreeze device 12 in proportion through the antifreeze device heater 18 to heat the antifreeze device 12, and after cooling, it becomes low-temperature refrigerant water and recirculates into the condensation module 7, completing a subsystem cycle. Among them, the heating cabin temperature sensor 13 and the heating cabin temperature adjustment thermostat 14 monitor and maintain the required temperature of the heating cabin 2; the antifreeze device temperature sensor 20 and the antifreeze device heating thermostat 21 monitor and maintain the minimum maintenance temperature required by the antifreeze device 3.

[0035] In the above process, the redundant waste heat in the heating cabin 10 of the ship is transported to the antifreeze equipment 12 by utilizing the evaporation and condensation physical properties of the refrigerant, so as to heat and thaw the antifreeze equipment 12, and at the same time, the cold energy in the equipment 12 is transported to the heating cabin 10 inside the ship to cool it and maintain the required room temperature; when the required antifreeze heating amount is too large and cannot be met by the heating cabin 10, heat is extracted from the domestic sewage 11 through the domestic sewage heat exchanger 17 through the domestic sewage tank branch valve 23 as the second-stage heat, and when necessary, the electric heater 15 at the antifreeze equipment is used as the third-stage heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze standby.

[0036] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the contents described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy, characterized in that: It includes a compressor unit pipeline circulation main system, a refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem and a heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem. The compressor unit pipeline circulation main system is connected to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem and the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem to jointly drive the antifreeze system to operate. The compressor unit pipeline circulation main system includes a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporation module, and a condensation module. The compressor is connected to the expansion valve, the evaporation module, and the condensation module in sequence to form a compressor unit pipeline circulation main loop; the antifreeze system is provided with an automatic control device, which drives the heat inside the antifreeze system to migrate from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side through the joint operation of the compressor in the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system and the cold and hot water pumps of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem and the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem, so as to utilize the waste heat of the ship to meet the heating needs of the antifreeze equipment.

2. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the antifreeze system is running, the first-level antifreeze heat is first obtained from the heating compartment, while the temperature of the heating compartment is reduced and maintained to the design temperature.

3. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the heat in the heating compartment is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from the ship's waste heat such as domestic sewage.

4. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Electric heating is added to the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the third-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system.

5. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem includes a refrigerant water pump, a heating cabin heat exchanger and a domestic sewage heat exchanger, an antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline, and an evaporation module of the compressor unit pipeline. The refrigerant water pump is connected to the heating cabin heat exchanger and the domestic sewage heat exchanger through the antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline via the evaporation module to form a refrigerant water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

6. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem includes a heat medium water pump, an antifreeze device heater, a heat medium water pipeline, and a condensation module of a compressor pipeline. The heat medium water pump is connected to the antifreeze device heater through the heat medium water pipeline via the condensation module of the compressor pipeline to form a heat medium water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

7. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem, and multiple heating cabins and ship waste heat are connected in parallel to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem.

8. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating medium of the compressor pipeline circulation main system is refrigerant.

9. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating medium of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze refrigerant water; the circulating medium of the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze heat medium water.

10. The polar ship antifreeze system capable of actively deploying waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: All circulation pipes in the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and anti-cold materials.

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