Aerobic composting device capable of adding allogenic materials in batches

Abstract

The invention discloses an aerobic composting device capable of adding allogenic substances in batches. The aerobic composting device comprises a tank body, a stirring mechanism, a first anti-blocking mechanism, an anti-blocking driving mechanism, an air exhaust mechanism, a second anti-blocking mechanism and a discharging mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprises a hollow stirring shaft, stirring blades are mounted on the hollow stirring shaft, and a plurality of open holes are formed in the hollow stirring shaft; a ventilating filter plate is fixed in the tank body and divides an inner cavity of the tank body into an air inlet cavity and an air exhaust cavity, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside through a hollow stirring shaft, and a plurality of ventilating holes are formed in the ventilating filter plate. Through a negative pressure aeration mode, odor can be prevented from being leaked and discharged to the outside, and secondary pollution to the environment is avoided; by arranging the first anti-blocking mechanism, air holes can be prevented from being blocked, meanwhile, straw raw materials at the bottom of the air inlet cavity can be promoted to move, and the contact effect of the straw raw materials and air is improved; by adding an allogenic material into the hollow stirring shaft, when the stirring blades rotate to turn and throw the material, the allogenic material and the straw raw material are mixed more uniformly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerobic composting, in particular to an aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches. Background Art

[0002] my country is a traditional agricultural country with a wide variety of crop straws, huge quantities and wide distribution. Vegetable vines and residues, as a special type of straw, account for about 9.1% of the total output of all types of straw, becoming the fourth largest agricultural waste after rice, corn and wheat. A large amount of Solanaceae vegetable straw waste is produced every summer and autumn, and it contains high nutrients, rich in mineral nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are equivalent to organic fertilizers. However, more than 60% of vegetable waste is directly discarded. Because the Solanaceae vegetable straw has a high degree of lignification, it is difficult to return it to the field in situ through mechanical rotary tillage, and vegetable farmers are less willing to reuse it, so many areas adopt the method of abandonment and incineration to deal with the straw, resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution.

[0003] Composting is an organic waste treatment strategy that is fully compatible with sustainable agriculture. Since the long-term application of compost can replenish the consumption of organic matter in the soil, it is of great significance to develop efficient and low-cost vegetable straw waste treatment and resource utilization technology.

[0004] At present, the commonly used aerobic composting devices at home and abroad are mainly static composting devices and dynamic composting devices. Static composting devices have low composting efficiency and unstable composting quality due to the lack of stirring in the compost. Dynamic composting devices will produce odor during the composting process, which is easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment. Uneven mixing of materials and insufficient and uneven ventilation and aeration in the dynamic composting reactor are important reasons for the odor of composting.

[0005] Patent No. CN113929514B discloses a dynamic composting fermentation system, including: an annular fermentation tank, a perforated bottom plate, a central pillar, an aeration and stirring unit, and a ventilation unit. The perforated bottom plate is tilted at the bottom of the annular fermentation tank and forms a cavity with the bottom of the annular fermentation tank; a plurality of air supply holes are arranged on the upper surface of the perforated bottom plate. The aeration and stirring unit includes a central driving device, a working bridge arm, and an aeration and stirring device. The aeration and stirring device includes multiple groups of spiral aeration and stirring shafts and a first driving device. The first driving device drives the multiple groups of spiral aeration and stirring shafts to rotate relative to the working bridge arm; multiple aeration holes are arranged on the spiral aeration and stirring shaft. The spiral aeration and stirring shaft includes a hollow rotating shaft and a spiral aeration blade, which is connected to the ventilation unit through the hollow rotating shaft. The ventilation unit blows air into the hollow rotating shaft, and air enters the spiral aeration blade from the hollow rotating shaft, and the compost material is aerated through the aeration holes on the spiral aeration blade.

[0006] The above dynamic composting fermentation system has the following problems: 1. The air is blown into the hollow shaft through the ventilation unit, and the compost material is aerated through the aeration holes on the spiral aeration blades. The air pressure in the annular fermentation tank increases, and the odor is directly discharged from the annular fermentation tank, which is easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment; 2. The materials in the annular fermentation tank are easy to block the air supply holes set on the upper surface of the perforated bottom plate, causing local poor ventilation and resulting in insufficient and uneven aeration. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches to address the above technical problems.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches, comprising a tank body, a feed inlet is provided on the top of the tank body, a stirring mechanism, a first anti-blocking mechanism and an exhaust mechanism; The stirring mechanism comprises a hollow stirring shaft, which is rotatably connected to the tank body, a stirring blade is installed on the hollow stirring shaft, and a plurality of openings are provided on the hollow stirring shaft along its axial direction, and the exogenous substance is added into the tank body through the hollow stirring shaft; A breathable filter plate is fixed inside the tank body and below the hollow stirring shaft. The breathable filter plate divides the tank body cavity into an upper air inlet cavity and a lower air extraction cavity. The air inlet cavity is connected to the outside through the hollow stirring shaft. A plurality of air holes are arranged on the breathable filter plate. The air inlet cavity and the air extraction cavity are connected through the air holes. An air extraction port connected to the air extraction cavity is arranged on the tank body. The first anti-blocking mechanism corresponds to the air vents one by one, and the first anti-blocking mechanism includes an anti-blocking cylinder, a first anti-blocking spiral blade, a first anti-blocking rotating shaft, and a filter screen. The anti-blocking cylinder is located directly below the air vents and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the air-permeable filter plate. The upper end of the anti-blocking cylinder is communicated with the air vents, and the lower end of the anti-blocking cylinder is communicated with the air extraction chamber. The first anti-blocking rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the anti-blocking cylinder, the first anti-blocking spiral blade is fixedly installed on the first anti-blocking rotating shaft, the first anti-blocking spiral blade is matched with the anti-blocking cylinder, the filter screen is fixedly installed in the anti-blocking cylinder, and the first anti-blocking rotating shaft passes through the filter screen. The air extraction mechanism intermittently extracts air from the air extraction chamber through the air extraction port, purifies the extracted gas, and realizes negative pressure intermittent aeration of the air inlet chamber.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes an anti-blocking drive mechanism, which includes a first anti-blocking drive motor, a first anti-blocking motor frame, an anti-blocking drive shaft, a rotating frame, and a gear ring. The first anti-blocking motor frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the tank body, the first anti-blocking drive motor is fixedly installed on the first anti-blocking motor frame, the anti-blocking drive shaft is rotatably and sealably installed on the tank body, the lower end of the anti-blocking drive shaft is transmission-connected to the first anti-blocking drive motor, the upper end of the anti-blocking drive shaft extends into the tank body and is fixedly connected to the rotating frame, and a plurality of gear rings coaxially arranged with the anti-blocking drive shaft are fixed on the rotating frame; the first anti-blocking mechanism also includes a gear, which is fixedly installed on the lower end of the first anti-blocking shaft, and is meshingly connected to the gear ring.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the first anti-blocking spiral blade is in contact with the filter screen, and the upper end of the first anti-blocking spiral blade extends to above the air-permeable filter plate.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a discharging mechanism, which includes a discharging cylinder, a discharging shaft, a discharging spiral blade, a discharging motor frame, and a discharging drive motor. The discharging cylinder is fixedly mounted on one side of the tank body and is connected to the air inlet chamber, the discharging motor frame is fixedly mounted on the discharging cylinder, the discharging drive motor is fixedly mounted on the discharging motor frame, the discharging shaft is rotatably mounted on the discharging cylinder, one end of the discharging shaft is located outside the discharging cylinder and is transmission-connected to the discharging drive motor, the other end of the discharging shaft is located inside the discharging cylinder and is fixedly connected to the discharging spiral blade, a discharging port is opened at the bottom of one side of the discharging cylinder away from the tank body, and a discharging valve is installed on the discharging port.

[0012] Preferably, a leachate discharge port communicating with the air extraction chamber is provided at the bottom of the tank body, and a leachate discharge valve is installed on the leachate discharge port.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust pipe, an exhaust device and a purification device, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust port and the other end is connected to the purification device, the exhaust device is installed on the exhaust pipe, the exhaust device transports the air in the exhaust chamber to the purification device through the exhaust pipe, and the purification device purifies the air input into the exhaust pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring mechanism also includes a conical funnel, a stirring drive motor, a protective shell, and an addition tube. The protective shell is fixedly installed on the top of the tank body, and the top of the hollow stirring shaft extends into the protective shell. The conical funnel is fixedly installed on the top of the hollow stirring shaft. An addition tube is fixed on the top of the protective shell, and the lower end of the addition tube extends to the input end of the conical funnel. The stirring drive motor is fixedly installed on the protective shell, and the stirring drive motor drives the hollow stirring shaft to rotate.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a second anti-blocking mechanism, which includes a second anti-blocking drive motor, a second anti-blocking motor frame, a second anti-blocking spiral blade, and a second anti-blocking rotating shaft. The second anti-blocking motor frame is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective shell, the second anti-blocking drive motor is fixedly mounted on the second anti-blocking motor frame, the second anti-blocking rotating shaft is coaxially arranged in the hollow stirring shaft, the second anti-blocking rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the protective shell, the top of the second anti-blocking rotating shaft is drivingly connected to the second anti-blocking drive motor, a second anti-blocking spiral blade is fixed on the second anti-blocking rotating shaft, and the second anti-blocking spiral blade is in contact and cooperation with the inner wall of the hollow stirring shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a feed cover is detachably mounted on the feed port.

[0017] Preferably, a temperature and humidity sensor is installed in the tank.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this technical solution has at least one of the following beneficial effects: The air in the air extraction chamber is extracted through the air extraction pipe, and the outside air enters the hollow stirring shaft and the air inlet chamber through the top of the hollow stirring shaft; the air in the air inlet chamber enters the air extraction chamber and the air extraction pipe through the air vent and the anti-blocking cylinder, and is finally purified by the purification device and discharged, thus avoiding the leakage of odor and causing no secondary pollution to the environment; By adopting the negative pressure aeration method, a uniform negative pressure is formed in the air extraction chamber, which can improve the uniformity of the air pressure in the air intake chamber, make the air flow in the air intake chamber uniform, make the material contact with the air uniform, and improve the composting effect; The first anti-blocking drive motor drives the anti-blocking drive shaft, the rotating frame, and the gear ring to rotate in sequence, driving the first anti-blocking spiral blades to rotate. The first anti-blocking spiral blades push the straw raw materials at the bottom of the air permeable filter plate and the materials in the anti-blocking cylinder and above the filter upward to avoid blockage of the air holes. It can also promote the movement of the straw raw materials at the bottom of the air inlet cavity and improve the contact effect between the straw raw materials and the air; avoid the problem of insufficient and uneven aeration caused by poor local ventilation; By adding exogenous matter to the hollow stirring shaft, it can be discharged into the tank through the opening, and the stirring blades are driven by the hollow stirring shaft to rotate and turn the material over, so that the exogenous matter and the straw raw material are mixed more evenly. By adding exogenous matter in batches, it can meet the needs of composting without waste, which is economical and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches according to an embodiment; Figure 2 A top view of an aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches according to an embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 1A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 It is a top view of the air permeable filter plate; Figure 6 is a top view of the second anti-blocking mechanism; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air extraction mechanism; In the figure, 1, tank body; 11, feed port; 12, feed cover; 13, air permeable filter plate; 131, air vent; 14, air inlet chamber; 15, air extraction chamber; 16, leachate discharge port; 17, leachate discharge valve; 2, stirring mechanism; 21, hollow stirring shaft; 211, opening; 22, conical funnel; 23, stirring drive motor; 24, protective shell; 25, adding pipe; 26, stirring blade; 27, first chain transmission assembly; 3, first anti-blocking mechanism; 31, anti-blocking cylinder; 32, first anti-blocking spiral blade; 33, first anti-blocking rotating shaft; 34, filter screen; 35, bearing mounting frame; 36, gear; 4, anti-blocking drive Driving mechanism; 41. first anti-blocking driving motor; 42. anti-blocking driving shaft; 43. rotating frame; 44. gear ring; 5. exhaust mechanism; 51. exhaust pipe; 52. exhaust device; 53. purification device; 6. second anti-blocking mechanism; 61. second anti-blocking driving motor; 62. second anti-blocking motor frame; 63. second anti-blocking spiral blade; 64. second anti-blocking rotating shaft; 7. discharging mechanism; 71. discharging cylinder; 72. discharging rotating shaft; 73. discharging spiral blade; 74. discharging motor frame; 75. discharging driving motor; 76. discharging port; 77. discharging valve; 78. second chain transmission assembly; 8. temperature and humidity sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 7The embodiment of the present application provides an aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches, including a tank body 1, a stirring mechanism 2, a first anti-blocking mechanism 3, an anti-blocking driving mechanism 4, an exhaust mechanism 5, a second anti-blocking mechanism 6, and a discharging mechanism 7. The tank body 1 is arranged vertically, and a plurality of legs are fixed to the bottom of the tank body 1, and the tank body 1 is supported by the legs; a feed port 11 is arranged on the top of the tank body 1, and straw raw materials for composting are added into the tank body 1 through the feed port 11; a feed cover 12 is detachably installed on the feed port 11, and the feed cover 12 can be detachably connected to the feed port 11 by a threaded connection, or can be detachably connected to the feed port 11 by a direct sampling sealing cover; See also Figures 1 to 4 The stirring mechanism 2 includes a hollow stirring shaft 21, a conical funnel 22, a stirring drive motor 23, a protective shell 24, and an addition tube 25. The hollow stirring shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the tank body 1. A first bearing is installed at the top of the tank body 1. The hollow stirring shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the tank body 1 through the first bearing, and the first bearing is a tapered roller bearing; a stirring blade 26 is installed on the hollow stirring shaft 21. A plurality of stirring blades 26 are arranged on the hollow stirring shaft 21 along the axial direction of the hollow stirring shaft 21, which can facilitate stirring of raw materials at different heights. A plurality of openings 211 are provided on the hollow stirring shaft 21 along its axial direction, and exogenous substances are added into the tank body 1 through the hollow stirring shaft 21; The exogenous substance is a nitrogen source additive or a carbon source additive. The exogenous substance is added through the hollow stirring shaft 21 and can be discharged into the tank body 1 through the opening 211. The stirring blade 26 is driven by the hollow stirring shaft 21 to rotate and toss the material, so that the exogenous substance and the straw raw material are mixed more evenly. The composting process determines the addition of nitrogen source or carbon source according to the properties of the material. In order to avoid the waste of nitrogen source or carbon source, the exogenous substance needs to be added in batches, which can meet the needs of composting without waste, and is economical and efficient. The protective shell 24 is fixedly mounted on the top of the tank body 1, the top of the hollow stirring shaft 21 extends into the protective shell 24, the conical funnel 22 is fixedly mounted on the top of the hollow stirring shaft 21, the top of the protective shell 24 is fixed with an addition tube 25, the lower end of the addition tube 25 extends to the input end of the conical funnel 22, the stirring drive motor 23 is fixedly mounted on the protective shell 24, and the stirring drive motor 23 drives the hollow stirring shaft 21 to rotate; the stirring drive motor 23 uses a reduction motor, and the stirring drive motor 23 is connected to the hollow stirring shaft 21 through a first chain transmission assembly 27, and the first chain transmission assembly 27 is installed The first driving sprocket on the output shaft of the stirring drive motor 23, the first driven sprocket installed on the hollow stirring shaft 21, and the first chain connected to the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket are formed; by setting the protective shell 24, the conical funnel 22, the hollow stirring shaft 21, and the first chain transmission component 27 can be protected to prevent workers from contacting the conical funnel 22, the hollow stirring shaft 21, and the first chain transmission component 27 in a moving state; by setting the addition tube 25 and the conical funnel 22, it is convenient to add exogenous substances into the conical funnel 22 and the hollow stirring shaft 21 in sequence; A breathable filter plate 13 is fixed inside the tank body 1 and below the hollow stirring shaft 21. The breathable filter plate 13 divides the inner cavity of the tank body 1 into an upper air inlet cavity 14 and a lower air extraction cavity 15. The air inlet cavity 14 is connected to the outside through the hollow stirring shaft 21. A plurality of air holes 131 are provided on the breathable filter plate 13. The air inlet cavity 14 is connected to the air extraction cavity 15 through the air holes 131. The tank body 1 is provided with an air extraction port connected to the air extraction cavity 15. By providing the breathable filter plate 13, the straw raw material added into the tank body 1 can be supported. By providing the air holes 131, the air circulation in the air inlet cavity 14 and the air extraction cavity 15 can be facilitated, thereby improving the aeration effect. See also Figure 3 and Figure 5, the first anti-blocking mechanism 3 corresponds to the air vent 131 one by one, the first anti-blocking mechanism 3 includes an anti-blocking cylinder 31, a first anti-blocking spiral blade 32, a first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33, and a filter screen 34. The anti-blocking cylinder 31 is located directly below the air vent 131 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the air permeable filter plate 13. The upper end of the anti-blocking cylinder 31 is communicated with the air vent 131, and the lower end of the anti-blocking cylinder 31 is communicated with the air extraction chamber 15. The first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33 is rotatably installed in the anti-blocking cylinder 31. A bearing mounting frame 35 is fixed at the bottom of the anti-blocking cylinder 31, and a second bearing is installed on the bearing mounting frame 35. The second bearing is a tapered roller bearing. The first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33 is connected to the inner ring of the second bearing, and the first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33 is rotatably installed in the anti-blocking cylinder 31 through the second bearing; the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 is fixedly installed on the first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33, and the first anti-blocking spiral blade The sheet 32 ​​is arranged in cooperation with the anti-blocking cylinder 31, the filter screen 34 is fixedly installed in the anti-blocking cylinder 31, and the first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33 passes through the filter screen 34; the lower end of the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 is in contact with the filter screen 34, so that the material on the filter screen 34 can be pushed upward when the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 rotates to avoid clogging of the filter screen 34; the upper end of the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 extends above the air-permeable filter plate 13, which is convenient for contacting the straw material at the bottom of the air inlet cavity 14; by driving the first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33 to rotate, the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 is driven to rotate, and the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 pushes the straw material at the bottom of the air-permeable filter plate 13 and the material in the anti-blocking cylinder 31 and above the filter screen 34 upward, thereby avoiding clogging of the air hole 131 and promoting the movement of the straw material at the bottom of the air inlet cavity 14, thereby improving the contact effect between the straw material and the air; See also Figure 1 and Figure 7 The exhaust mechanism 5 intermittently exhausts air from the exhaust cavity 15 through the exhaust port, purifies the exhausted gas, and realizes negative pressure intermittent aeration of the air inlet cavity 14. The exhaust mechanism 5 includes an exhaust pipe 51, an exhaust device 52, and a purification device 53. The tank body 1 is radially provided with an exhaust port connected to the exhaust cavity 15. One end of the exhaust pipe 51 is connected to the exhaust port and the other end is connected to the purification device 53. The exhaust device 52 uses an exhaust fan. The exhaust device 52 is installed in series on the exhaust pipe 51. The exhaust device 52 transports the air in the exhaust cavity 15 to the purification device 53 through the exhaust pipe 51. The purification device 53 uses a plasma purifier or a biological deodorization device. The purification device 53 purifies the air input from the exhaust pipe 51 to avoid odor pollution to the environment.

[0022] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6The anti-blocking drive mechanism 4 includes a first anti-blocking drive motor 41, a first anti-blocking motor frame, an anti-blocking drive shaft 42, a rotating frame 43, and a gear ring 44. The first anti-blocking motor frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tank body 1, the first anti-blocking drive motor 41 is fixedly installed on the first anti-blocking motor frame, the anti-blocking drive shaft 42 is rotatably and sealably installed on the tank body 1, a third bearing is fixed at the bottom end of the tank body 1, and the anti-blocking drive shaft 42 is rotatably and sealably connected to the tank body 1 through the third bearing, a fourth bearing is fixed at the bottom end of the air permeable filter plate 13, and the anti-blocking drive shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the air permeable filter plate 13 through the fourth bearing, which can improve the installation stability of the anti-blocking drive shaft 42; the lower end of the anti-blocking drive shaft 42 is connected to the first anti-blocking drive motor through a coupling The machine 41 is connected in transmission, the upper end of the anti-blocking driving shaft 42 extends into the tank body 1 and is fixedly connected to the rotating frame 43. The rotating frame 43 is cross-shaped, and the leachate can fall to the bottom of the suction chamber 15 through the filter screen 34 and the rotating frame 43, and will not accumulate on the rotating frame 43; a plurality of gear rings 44 coaxially arranged with the anti-blocking driving shaft 42 are fixed on the rotating frame 43; the first anti-blocking mechanism 3 also includes a gear 36, which is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the first anti-blocking shaft 33, and the distribution of the gear 36 corresponds to the gear ring 44, that is, the air holes 131 are distributed in multiple groups, each group of air holes 131 are distributed in a circle and correspond to a gear ring 44, and each group of air holes 131 are distributed in concentric circles; the gear 36 is meshingly connected with the gear ring 44. The first anti-blocking driving motor 41 is a reduction motor. During aeration, the first anti-blocking driving motor 41 drives the anti-blocking driving shaft 42, the rotating frame 43, and the gear ring 44 to rotate in sequence. The gear ring 44 is an outer gear ring 44. The gear ring 44 drives the gear 36 to rotate, thereby driving the first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33 and the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 to rotate.

[0023] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The discharging mechanism 7 includes a discharging cylinder 71, a discharging shaft 72, a discharging spiral blade 73, a discharging motor frame 74, and a discharging drive motor 75. The discharging cylinder 71 is fixedly mounted on one side of the tank body 1 and is connected to the air inlet chamber 14. The discharging motor frame 74 is fixedly mounted on the discharging cylinder 71, and the discharging drive motor 75 is fixedly mounted on the discharging motor frame 74. The discharging shaft 72 is rotatably mounted on the discharging cylinder 71. A fifth bearing is mounted on the end of the discharging cylinder 71 away from the tank body 1, and the discharging shaft 72 is rotatably mounted on the discharging cylinder 71 through the fifth bearing; one end of the discharging shaft 72 is located outside the discharging cylinder 71 and is transmission-connected to the discharging drive motor 75, and the other end of the discharging shaft 72 is located inside the discharging cylinder 71 and is fixedly connected to the discharging spiral blade 73. A discharging port 76 is provided at the bottom of the side of the discharging cylinder 71 away from the tank body 1, and a discharging valve 77 is mounted on the discharging port 76. The discharging drive motor 75 is connected to the discharging shaft 72 through a second chain transmission assembly 78. The second chain transmission assembly 78 is composed of a second active sprocket installed on the output shaft of the discharging drive motor 75, a second driven sprocket installed on the discharging shaft 72, and a second chain connected to the second active sprocket and the second driven sprocket. When discharging, the discharging valve 77 is opened, and the stirring blade 26 is driven to rotate through the hollow stirring shaft 21 to continuously push the material to the input end of the discharging cylinder 71. The discharging drive motor 75 drives the discharging shaft 72 to rotate, thereby driving the discharging spiral blade 73 to rotate. The discharging spiral blade 73 pushes the material in the air inlet cavity 14 into the discharging cylinder 71, and finally discharges it from the discharging port 76.

[0024] The leachate generated by the material in the air inlet chamber 14 enters the air extraction chamber 15 through the air vent 131, the anti-blocking cylinder 31, and the filter screen 34. To facilitate the discharge of the leachate in the air extraction chamber 15, a leachate discharge port 16 connected to the air extraction chamber 15 is provided at the bottom of the tank body 1, and a leachate discharge valve 17 is installed on the leachate discharge port 16. By opening the leachate discharge valve 17, the leachate in the air extraction chamber 15 can be discharged from the leachate discharge port 16 under the action of gravity.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The second anti-blocking mechanism 6 includes a second anti-blocking drive motor 61, a second anti-blocking motor frame 62, a second anti-blocking spiral blade 63, and a second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64. The second anti-blocking motor frame 62 is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective shell 24, the second anti-blocking drive motor 61 is fixedly mounted on the second anti-blocking motor frame 62, the second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64 is coaxially arranged in the hollow stirring shaft 21, the second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64 is rotatably connected to the protective shell 24, the top of the second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64 is transmission-connected to the second anti-blocking drive motor 61 through a coupling, and a second anti-blocking spiral blade 63 is fixed on the second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64, and the second anti-blocking spiral blade 63 is in contact with the inner wall of the hollow stirring shaft 21. When the hollow stirring shaft 21 rotates and stirs, the material in the air inlet chamber 14 may enter the hollow stirring shaft 21 through the opening 211, causing blockage of the opening 211 and the hollow stirring shaft 21, resulting in the outside air being unable to smoothly enter the air inlet chamber 14. Therefore, when adding exogenous substances and aeration, the second anti-blocking drive motor 61 is started, and the second anti-blocking drive motor 61 drives the second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64 to rotate. The rotation direction of the second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64 is opposite to the rotation direction of the hollow stirring shaft 21. The second anti-blocking rotating shaft 64 drives the second anti-blocking spiral blade 63 to rotate, so that the second anti-blocking spiral blade 63 can push out the material entering the opening 211 and the hollow stirring shaft 21 to avoid blockage of the opening 211 and the hollow stirring shaft 21. By providing the second anti-blocking spiral blade 63, the flow rate of the exogenous matter in the hollow stirring shaft 21 can also be limited, so that the exogenous matter can be discharged from the opening 211 to the maximum extent, avoiding the exogenous matter from flowing directly downward in the hollow stirring shaft 21, resulting in failure to fully contact the straw raw material.

[0026] See also Figure 1 A temperature and humidity sensor 8 is installed in the tank body 1. The temperature and humidity sensor 8 is fixed on the inner wall of the top of the tank body 1. The temperature and humidity sensor 8 can monitor the temperature and humidity inside the tank body 1 online.

[0027] In this embodiment, the pre-composting treatment needs to be anaerobic fermented for a certain period of time to produce a certain amount of soluble carbon source and nitrogen source. The time of anaerobic fermentation depends on the nature of the material. During the anaerobic fermentation, the feed inlet 11 is covered and the discharge valve 77 is closed. During the anaerobic fermentation, the temperature in the tank body 1 rises. After the anaerobic fermentation, continuous ventilation for 24 hours is required, and then intermittent aeration is performed. When the temperature drops to below about 30°C, the first addition of exogenous substances is started. Generally, the exogenous substances are added in 4-5 times, and the composting time is about 30 days. The straw material for composting is added into the tank body 1 and the air inlet cavity 14 through the feed port 11 and falls on the air permeable filter plate 13. The first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 and the filter screen 34 prevent the straw material from falling from the anti-blocking cylinder body 31. During aeration, the feed cover 12 can be used to close the feed port 11, and the air in the air extraction chamber 15 can be extracted through the air extraction pipe 51, and the outside air enters the hollow stirring shaft 21 and the air inlet chamber 14 through the top of the hollow stirring shaft 21; the air in the air inlet chamber 14 enters the air extraction chamber 15 and the air extraction pipe 51 through the air vent 131 and the anti-blocking cylinder 31, and is finally purified by the purification device 53 and discharged; by adopting the negative pressure aeration method, a uniform negative pressure is formed in the air extraction chamber 15, which can improve the uniformity of the air pressure in the air inlet chamber 14, so that the air in the air inlet chamber 14 flows evenly, so that the material and the air are in contact evenly, and the composting effect is improved; by the negative pressure aeration method, the odor generated in the tank body 1 can be almost completely entered into the purification device 53 for purification, and will not be directly discharged to the outside world, and will not cause secondary pollution to the environment; The first anti-blocking driving motor 41 drives the anti-blocking driving shaft 42, the rotating frame 43, and the ring gear 44 to rotate in sequence, and the ring gear 44 drives the gear 36 to rotate, thereby driving the first anti-blocking rotating shaft 33 and the first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 to rotate. The first anti-blocking spiral blade 32 pushes the straw material at the bottom of the air permeable filter plate 13 and the material in the anti-blocking cylinder 31 and above the filter screen 34 upward, thereby preventing the air holes 131 from being blocked, and promoting the movement of the straw material at the bottom of the air inlet cavity 14, thereby improving the contact effect between the straw material and the air; avoiding the problem of poor local ventilation, resulting in insufficient and uneven aeration; The hollow stirring shaft 21 and the stirring blades 26 are driven to rotate by the stirring driving motor 23, and the stirring blades 26 turn the materials over to improve the contact effect between the materials and the air.

[0028] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. An aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches, comprising a tank body (1), wherein a feed inlet (11) is provided at the top of the tank body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a stirring mechanism (2), a first anti-blocking mechanism (3) and an air extraction mechanism (5); The stirring mechanism (2) comprises a hollow stirring shaft (21), the hollow stirring shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the tank body (1), a stirring blade (26) is mounted on the hollow stirring shaft (21), a plurality of openings (211) are provided on the hollow stirring shaft (21) along its axial direction, and exogenous substances are added into the tank body (1) in portions through the hollow stirring shaft (21); A permeable filter plate (13) is fixed inside the tank body (1) and below the hollow stirring shaft (21). The permeable filter plate (13) divides the inner cavity of the tank body (1) into an upper air intake cavity (14) and a lower air extraction cavity (15). The air intake cavity (14) is connected to the outside through the hollow stirring shaft (21). The permeable filter plate (13) is provided with a plurality of air holes (131). The air intake cavity (14) and the air extraction cavity (15) are connected through the air holes (131). The tank body (1) is provided with an air extraction port connected to the air extraction cavity (15); The first anti-blocking mechanism (3) corresponds to the air vent (131) in one-to-one manner. The first anti-blocking mechanism (3) comprises an anti-blocking cylinder (31), a first anti-blocking spiral blade (32), a first anti-blocking rotating shaft (33), and a filter screen (34). The anti-blocking cylinder (31) is located directly below the air vent (131) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the air permeable filter plate (13). The upper end of the anti-blocking cylinder (31) is in communication with the air vent (131). The lower end of the anti-blocking cylinder (31) is in communication with the air pumping chamber (15). The first anti-blocking rotating shaft (33) is rotatably mounted in the anti-blocking cylinder (31). The first anti-blocking spiral blade (32) is fixedly mounted on the first anti-blocking rotating shaft (33). The first anti-blocking spiral blade (32) is arranged in cooperation with the anti-blocking cylinder (31). The filter screen (34) is fixedly mounted in the anti-blocking cylinder (31). The first anti-blocking rotating shaft (33) passes through the filter screen (34). The air extraction mechanism (5) intermittently extracts air from the air extraction chamber (15) through the air extraction port, purifies the extracted gas, and realizes negative pressure intermittent aeration of the air inlet chamber (14).

2. The aerobic composting device for adding exogenous substances in batches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-blocking drive mechanism (4) further comprises a first anti-blocking drive motor (41), a first anti-blocking motor frame, an anti-blocking drive shaft (42), a rotating frame (43), and a ring gear (44). The first anti-blocking motor frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the tank body (1). The first anti-blocking drive motor (41) is fixedly mounted on the first anti-blocking motor frame. The anti-blocking drive shaft (42) is rotatably and sealingly mounted on the tank body (1). The lower end of the anti-blocking drive shaft (42) is drivingly connected to the first anti-blocking drive motor (41). The upper end of the anti-blocking drive shaft (42) extends into the tank body (1) and is fixedly connected to the rotating frame (43). A plurality of ring gears (44) coaxially arranged with the anti-blocking drive shaft (42) are fixed on the rotating frame (43). The first anti-blocking mechanism (3) further comprises a gear (36). The gear (36) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the first anti-blocking shaft (33). The gear (36) is meshingly connected to the ring gear (44).

3. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the first anti-blocking spiral blade (32) is in contact with the filter screen (34), and the upper end of the first anti-blocking spiral blade (32) extends above the air permeable filter plate (13).

4. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank body (1) further comprises a discharging mechanism (7), wherein the discharging mechanism (7) comprises a discharging cylinder (71), a discharging rotating shaft (72), a discharging spiral blade (73), a discharging motor frame (74), and a discharging drive motor (75); the discharging cylinder (71) is fixedly mounted on one side of the tank body (1) and communicates with the air inlet chamber (14); the discharging motor frame (74) is fixedly mounted on the discharging cylinder (71); and the discharging drive motor (75) is fixedly mounted on the discharging motor frame (74). A discharge shaft (72) is rotatably mounted on the discharge cylinder (71); one end of the discharge shaft (72) is located outside the discharge cylinder (71) and is drivingly connected to a discharge drive motor (75); the other end of the discharge shaft (72) is located inside the discharge cylinder (71) and is fixedly connected to a discharge spiral blade (73); a discharge port (76) is formed at the bottom of the discharge cylinder (71) on a side away from the tank body (1); and a discharge valve (77) is mounted on the discharge port (76).

5. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the tank body (1) is provided with a leachate discharge port (16) which is in communication with the air extraction chamber (15), and a leachate discharge valve (17) is installed on the leachate discharge port (16).

6. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air extraction mechanism (5) comprises an air extraction pipeline (51), an air extraction device (52) and a purification device (53); one end of the air extraction pipeline (51) is connected to the air extraction port and the other end is connected to the purification device (53); the air extraction device (52) is mounted on the air extraction pipeline (51); the air extraction device (52) transports the air in the air extraction chamber (15) to the purification device (53) via the air extraction pipeline (51); and the purification device (53) purifies the air inputted into the air extraction pipeline (51).

7. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (2) further comprises a conical funnel (22), a stirring drive motor (23), a protective shell (24), and an addition tube (25); the protective shell (24) is fixedly mounted on the top of the tank body (1); the top of the hollow stirring shaft (21) extends into the protective shell (24); the conical funnel (22) is fixedly mounted on the top of the hollow stirring shaft (21); an addition tube (25) is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective shell (24); the lower end of the addition tube (25) extends to the input end of the conical funnel (22); the stirring drive motor (23) is fixedly mounted on the protective shell (24); and the stirring drive motor (23) drives the hollow stirring shaft (21) to rotate.

8. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a second anti-blocking mechanism (6), wherein the second anti-blocking mechanism (6) comprises a second anti-blocking driving motor (61), a second anti-blocking motor frame (62), a second anti-blocking spiral blade (63), and a second anti-blocking rotating shaft (64); the second anti-blocking motor frame (62) is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective shell (24); the second anti-blocking driving motor (61) is fixedly mounted on the second anti-blocking motor frame (62); the second anti-blocking rotating shaft (64) is coaxially arranged in the hollow stirring shaft (21); the second anti-blocking rotating shaft (64) is rotationally connected to the protective shell (24); the top of the second anti-blocking rotating shaft (64) is transmission-connected to the second anti-blocking driving motor (61); a second anti-blocking spiral blade (63) is fixed on the second anti-blocking rotating shaft (64); and the second anti-blocking spiral blade (63) is in contact with and fits with the inner wall of the hollow stirring shaft (21).

9. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed cover (12) is detachably mounted on the feed opening (11).

10. The aerobic composting device with stepwise addition of exogenous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature and humidity sensor (8) is installed in the tank body (1).

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