Method for controlling volume of coke pile in blast furnace hearth

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling the volume of a coke pile in a blast furnace hearth. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the height from a set taphole channel on the inner side of the hearth to the horizontal plane of the bottom in the hearth; according to the total weight of molten iron generated in a set taphole area and the weight of generated slag, the weight of the molten iron actually discharged by the blast furnace through the set taphole and the weight of the actually discharged slag, the total weight of the molten iron not discharged in the hearth and the weight of the non-discharged slag, the diameter of the hearth and the density of the molten iron; the ratio of the slag iron volume of a set iron notch to the bottom of the hearth is obtained according to the slag density and the height from a set iron notch channel in the hearth to the horizontal plane of the bottom in the hearth; further obtaining the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the hearth; and if the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the hearth exceeds a set value, executing the step of cleaning the coke pile. By calculating and controlling the volume of the coke pile in the hearth of the blast furnace, the activity of the hearth is favorably adjusted, so that various indexes of the blast furnace are improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnaces, and in particular to a method for controlling the volume of a coke pile in a blast furnace hearth. Background Art

[0002] The blast furnace hearth is the area where slag and iron are stored in the blast furnace. Inside the hearth, especially in the center of the hearth, there is a large amount of coke pile. The volume of the coke pile is directly related to the adjustment of parameters such as the blast energy of the blast furnace hearth, and affects the operating efficiency of the blast furnace.

[0003] However, there is currently no scientific method to determine the volume of the coke pile in the center of the furnace. We can only rely on manual experience to predict the coke accumulation in the furnace, which lacks accuracy and objectivity. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for controlling the volume of coke piles in a blast furnace hearth, so as to obtain the proportion of the volume of coke piles in the center of the hearth, thereby providing a guide for regulating the activity of the blast furnace hearth.

[0005] The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth comprises:

[0006] According to the actual depth of the set iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design and the height from the iron mouth outside the set iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace is obtained;

[0007] According to the total weight of molten iron and the weight of slag generated in the set iron mouth area within a set time period during blast furnace production, the weight of molten iron and the weight of slag actually discharged from the blast furnace through the set iron mouth, the total weight of molten iron not discharged from the furnace and the weight of slag not discharged, the diameter of the furnace, the density of molten iron, the density of slag and the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace is obtained;

[0008] According to the ratio of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace, the ratio of the volume of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace is obtained;

[0009] If the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace exceeds a set value, the step of cleaning the coke pile is performed.

[0010] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can accurately calculate and predict the accumulation of coke in the hearth. Specifically, the volume relationship between molten iron and slag generated and discharged in the blast furnace hearth within a set time period during blast furnace production is used to obtain the proportion of the slag volume at the set iron mouth to the bottom of the hearth, and then obtain the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the hearth. The embodiment of the present invention quantifies the volume content of the coke pile generated in the hearth area, which can effectively guide the adjustment of the internal state of the blast furnace hearth. In summary, the embodiment of the present invention helps to adjust the activity of the hearth by controlling the volume of the coke pile in the blast furnace hearth, thereby improving various indicators of the blast furnace and reducing production costs.

[0011] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the volume of a coke pile in a blast furnace hearth provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a blast furnace provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a method for obtaining the proportion of the slag volume of a set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of another method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present invention, a blast furnace is an industrial equipment used to smelt iron ore to produce pig iron; it is usually composed of refractory materials, and a chemical reaction is carried out under an internal high-temperature environment to reduce the iron in the iron ore to molten iron. Molten iron refers to the liquid state of molten iron generated by a reduction reaction during the blast furnace smelting process; its main component is iron, and it usually contains a certain amount of carbon, silicon, manganese and other elements. Slag refers to solid waste or by-products produced during the blast furnace smelting process, and its components include silicates, aluminates, iron oxides and other impurities. During the production process, coke piles are easily accumulated at the bottom of the blast furnace, affecting the smelting efficiency of the blast furnace.

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth is provided for the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the case where the volume of coke pile in the blast furnace hearth is uncertain. The method can be performed by a control device for the volume of coke pile in the blast furnace hearth. The control device can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software, and the control device can be configured in a computer device. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0021] S110, according to the actual depth of the set iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design and the height from the iron mouth outside the set iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, obtain the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, the iron mouth is an opening part used to discharge molten iron during the blast furnace smelting process; the blast furnace may include multiple iron mouths, exemplarily including one, two, three or four iron mouths; the iron mouth is set to be one of the iron mouths specified in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a blast furnace provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the two sides of the blast furnace are furnace walls, the iron mouth runs through the inside of the furnace wall, there are iron mouth mud bags at the iron mouth inside the furnace wall, and there is a coke pile inside the blast furnace. The actual depth of the iron mouth is set to refer to the actual depth of the iron mouth drilled into the furnace wall during drilling or processing. The theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design refers to the ideal depth calculated according to the process requirements and operating parameters during the blast furnace design stage; the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design is the distance from the outside of the furnace wall to the center point of the bottom of the furnace.

[0023] Optionally, the actual depth of the set iron mouth is obtained according to the stroke of the drill rod of the opening machine when drilling through the iron mouth.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, the drill rod of the opening machine is a mechanical device used to drill holes in the iron mouth of a blast furnace, usually equipped with a drill bit and a motor, and capable of performing precise drilling operations under high temperature and high pressure environments. In the process of drilling through the iron mouth (or iron mouth mud bag), the drill rod of the opening machine will move downward along a predetermined path. When the drill rod completely drills through the iron mouth and touches the bottom of the furnace, its stroke length is equal to the actual depth of the iron mouth. According to the actual depth of the iron mouth, combined with the inclination angle of the iron mouth, the vertical height H3 of the iron mouth channel in the furnace area can be calculated. For example, the following formula is used for calculation:

[0025] H3=La×sinβ1

[0026] Among them, La is the actual depth of the iron mouth, and β1 is the inclination angle of the iron mouth.

[0027] Optionally, the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace is obtained according to the actual depth of the set iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design, and the height from the iron mouth outside the set iron mouth to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace, including: calculating by the following formula:

[0028] ΔHa=(L-La)÷L×H0

[0029] Among them, ΔHa is the height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, L is the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design, La is the actual depth of the set iron mouth, and H0 is the height from the set iron mouth on the outer side of the iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace.

[0030] S120. According to the total weight of molten iron and the weight of slag generated in the set iron mouth area within a set time period during blast furnace production, the weight of molten iron and the weight of slag actually discharged from the blast furnace through the set iron mouth, the total weight of molten iron not discharged and the weight of slag not discharged in the furnace cylinder, the diameter of the furnace cylinder, the density of molten iron, the density of slag and the height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace cylinder to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace cylinder, obtain the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace cylinder.

[0031] The furnace diameter refers to the inner diameter of the furnace. The density of molten iron refers to the ratio of the mass of molten iron generated in the blast furnace smelting process to its volume. For example, the density of molten iron in the embodiment of the present invention is 7.0 tons / m 3 The slag density refers to the ratio of the mass of the slag generated in the blast furnace smelting process to its volume; for example, the density of the slag in the embodiment of the present invention is 3.0 tons / m 3 Iron slag is the abbreviation of a mixture of molten iron and slag, and the slag iron volume refers to the total volume of slag and molten iron generated during the blast furnace smelting process.

[0032] S130, according to the ratio of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace, the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace is obtained.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present invention, the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the hearth refers to the ratio of the volume occupied by the coke pile to the total available volume at the bottom of the hearth of the blast furnace.

[0034] The slag volume is the sum of the undischarged molten iron volume and the undischarged slag volume in the blast furnace. The furnace hearth contains coke pile and slag, and the sum of the volumes of the two is the volume of the entire bottom of the furnace hearth. Therefore, the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace hearth can be obtained based on the proportion of the slag volume at the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace hearth.

[0035] S140: If the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace exceeds a set value, the step of cleaning the coke pile is performed.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the set value refers to the maximum allowable value preset for the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace; when the volume ratio of the coke pile exceeds the set value, measures need to be taken to restore the normal operation of the blast furnace. Cleaning the coke pile is an important part of blast furnace maintenance, which can improve the airflow channel, enhance the airflow distribution in the furnace, improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and thus increase the output of molten iron; at the same time, it reduces the wear on the inside of the furnace and extends the service life of the blast furnace and related equipment.

[0037] When the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace exceeds the set value, it indicates that there is too much coke pile at the bottom of the furnace, which will hinder the normal passage of airflow, affect the combustion and chemical reaction of the fuel, lead to incomplete reduction of the charge, and reduce the efficiency of the blast furnace; at the same time, it will also cause abnormal pressure inside the blast furnace and increase safety risks. Therefore, when the volume ratio of the coke pile exceeds the set value, the steps of cleaning the coke pile should be performed immediately to ensure the normal operation of the blast furnace.

[0038] Optionally, the coke pile can be cleaned by hot furnace washing or by increasing the furnace blowing kinetic energy to maintain the coke pile in the furnace within a set range.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present invention, the hot furnace cleaning method is a technology for cleaning and maintaining the internal equipment of the blast furnace, which uses high-temperature gas or liquid to clean the scale, coke and other impurities in the furnace to maintain the operating efficiency and safety of the blast furnace. The method of increasing the kinetic energy of the furnace blast refers to a method of improving the airflow distribution and reaction conditions in the blast furnace by increasing the efficiency and flow of the blast.

[0040] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the volume relationship between the molten iron and slag generated and discharged in the blast furnace hearth within a set time period during blast furnace production to obtain the ratio of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the hearth, and then obtain the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the hearth, quantifying the volume content of the coke pile generated in the hearth area, which can effectively guide the internal state adjustment of the blast furnace hearth; in addition, the step of cleaning the coke pile can effectively reduce the volume of the coke pile in the hearth. In summary, the embodiment of the present invention helps to adjust the activity of the hearth by controlling the volume of the coke pile in the blast furnace hearth, thereby improving various indicators of the blast furnace and reducing production costs.

[0041] Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining the proportion of the slag volume of a set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the method for obtaining the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace includes the following steps:

[0042] S131. Obtain the total weight of the molten iron not discharged from the furnace according to the total weight of the molten iron generated and the weight of the molten iron actually discharged.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the total weight of molten iron generated refers to the total mass of molten iron generated by reduction reaction during blast furnace smelting. The weight of molten iron actually discharged refers to the mass of molten iron actually discharged from the blast furnace iron mouth. The total weight of molten iron not discharged in the furnace refers to the total mass of molten iron generated but not yet discharged inside the blast furnace.

[0044] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0045] Qa1=M1-M3

[0046] Among them, Qa1 is the total weight of molten iron that has not been discharged, M1 is the total weight of molten iron generated, and M3 is the weight of molten iron actually discharged.

[0047] S132. Obtain the weight of the slag not discharged from the furnace according to the weight of the generated slag and the weight of the slag actually discharged.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the generated slag refers to the total mass of waste or by-products generated by chemical reactions during the blast furnace smelting process. The weight of the slag actually discharged refers to the mass of the slag actually discharged from the slag outlet of the blast furnace within a specific time. The weight of the slag not discharged in the furnace refers to the total mass of the slag that has been generated but not yet discharged inside the blast furnace.

[0049] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0050] Qa2=M2-M4

[0051] Among them, Qa2 is the weight of the undischarged slag, M2 is the weight of the generated slag, and M4 is the weight of the actually discharged slag.

[0052] S133. Obtain the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace according to the total weight of the molten iron not discharged, the furnace diameter, the molten iron density and the slag density.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace refers to the height occupied by the undischarged molten iron when only the corresponding weight of the undischarged molten iron is contained inside the blast furnace. The volume of the molten iron remaining in the furnace can be obtained based on the relationship between the total weight of the undischarged molten iron and the density of the molten iron; the bottom surface of the blast furnace furnace is circular, and the inside of the blast furnace furnace can be regarded as a cylinder. Since the molten iron is liquid, the volume occupied by the molten iron in the blast furnace can also be regarded as a cylinder. Therefore, when the volume of the molten iron remaining in the furnace and the diameter of the furnace are known, the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace can be obtained based on the area formula of the circle and the volume formula of the cylinder.

[0054] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0055] Hq1=Qa1÷ρ1÷(π*0.5D*0.5D)

[0056] Among them, Hq1 is the height of the undischarged molten iron liquid level, Qa1 is the total weight of the undischarged molten iron, ρ1 is the molten iron density, and D is the furnace diameter.

[0057] S134. Obtain the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace according to the weight of the undischarged slag, the furnace diameter, the density of the molten iron and the density of the slag.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the slag surface height of the slag remaining in the furnace cylinder refers to the height occupied by the undischarged slag when only the corresponding weight of the undischarged slag is contained inside the blast furnace. The volume of the slag remaining in the furnace cylinder can be obtained based on the relationship between the weight of the undischarged slag and the density of the slag; the bottom surface of the blast furnace furnace cylinder is circular, the interior of the blast furnace furnace cylinder can be regarded as a cylinder, and the slag is regarded as uniformly distributed inside the furnace cylinder, that is, the volume occupied by the slag in the blast furnace can also be regarded as a cylinder. Therefore, when the volume of the slag remaining in the furnace cylinder and the diameter of the furnace cylinder are known, the slag surface height of the slag remaining in the furnace cylinder can be obtained based on the area formula of the circle and the volume formula of the cylinder.

[0059] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0060] Hq2=Qa2÷ρ2÷(π*0.5D*0.5D)

[0061] Among them, Hq2 is the height of the undischarged slag surface, Qa2 is the undischarged slag weight, ρ2 is the slag density, and D is the furnace diameter.

[0062] S135. According to the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace, the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace, and the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace is obtained.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, slag refers to a mixture of molten iron and slag. The bottom surface of the blast furnace hearth is circular, and the interior of the blast furnace hearth can be regarded as a cylinder. The volume occupied by the molten iron and slag inside the blast furnace can also be regarded as a cylinder. The bottom area of ​​the cylinder is fixed. According to the volume formula of the cylinder: the volume of the cylinder is equal to the bottom area * height, so the proportion of the slag volume to the bottom of the hearth is the ratio of the sum of the height of the molten iron liquid level and the height of the slag slag surface to the height of the set iron mouth channel to the bottom horizontal plane of the hearth.

[0064] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0065] K1=(Hq1+Hq2)÷ΔHa×100%

[0066] Among them, K1 is the ratio of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace, Hq1 is the height of the molten iron liquid level remaining in the furnace, Hq2 is the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace, and ΔHa is the height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane at the bottom of the furnace.

[0067] Optionally, the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace is obtained according to the ratio of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace, including: calculating by the following formula:

[0068] Ya=1-K1

[0069] Among them, Ya is the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace, and K1 is the volume ratio of the slag iron at the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, if the volume proportion of the bottom of the furnace is 1, that is, the total volume proportion of the slag and coke pile not discharged from the furnace is 1, the volume proportion of the slag in the bottom of the furnace is K1, and the bottom of the furnace only contains slag and coke pile, so the volume proportion of the coke pile is 1-K1.

[0071] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of another method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, before step S110, obtaining the height of the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace according to the actual depth of the iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design and the height of the iron mouth outside the iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, it also includes: S150, obtaining the height of the slag and iron liquid level generated in the furnace, and judging whether a coke pile is generated inside the furnace according to the slag and iron liquid level.

[0072] If there is a coke pile, execute step S110, and obtain the height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace according to the actual depth of the iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design, and the height from the iron mouth on the outer side of the iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace; if there is no coke pile, wait for the set time length and then re-execute step S150.

[0073] Optionally, the method for obtaining the height of the slag and iron liquid level generated in the furnace hearth specifically includes:

[0074] The height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace is obtained based on the total weight of the molten iron generated, the density of the molten iron and the diameter of the furnace.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present invention, the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace refers to the height occupied by the generated molten iron when only the corresponding weight of the generated molten iron is contained inside the blast furnace. The volume of the molten iron generated in the furnace can be obtained based on the relationship between the total weight of the generated molten iron and the density of the molten iron; the bottom surface of the blast furnace furnace is circular, and the inside of the blast furnace furnace can be regarded as a cylinder. Since the molten iron is liquid, the volume occupied by the molten iron in the blast furnace can also be regarded as a cylinder. Therefore, when the volume of the molten iron generated in the furnace and the diameter of the furnace are known, the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace can be obtained based on the area formula of the circle and the volume formula of the cylinder.

[0076] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0077] H1=M1÷ρ1÷(π*0.5D*0.5D)

[0078] Among them, H1 is the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace, M1 is the total weight of the molten iron generated, ρ1 is the density of the molten iron, and D is the diameter of the furnace.

[0079] The height of the slag surface generated in the furnace can be obtained based on the weight of the generated slag, the density of the slag and the diameter of the furnace.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, the slag surface height of the slag generated in the furnace hearth refers to the height occupied by the generated slag when only the generated slag of the corresponding weight is contained inside the blast furnace. The volume of the slag generated in the furnace hearth can be obtained based on the relationship between the weight of the generated slag and the density of the slag; the bottom surface of the blast furnace hearth is circular, the interior of the blast furnace hearth can be regarded as a cylinder, and the slag is regarded as uniformly distributed inside the hearth, that is, the volume occupied by the slag in the blast furnace can also be regarded as a cylinder. Therefore, when the volume of the slag generated in the hearth and the diameter of the hearth are known, the slag surface height of the slag generated in the hearth can be obtained based on the area formula of the circle and the volume formula of the cylinder.

[0081] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0082] H2=M2÷ρ2÷(π*0.5D*0.5D)

[0083] Among them, H2 is the height of the slag surface generated in the furnace, M2 is the weight of the generated slag, ρ2 is the slag density, and D is the furnace diameter.

[0084] The height of the slag-iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder is obtained according to the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder and the height of the slag slag surface generated in the furnace cylinder; wherein the slag-iron liquid level is a mixture of molten iron and slag.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present invention, slag iron refers to a mixture of molten iron and slag, so the liquid level of the slag iron generated in the furnace is the sum of the liquid level of the molten iron in the furnace and the slag surface height.

[0086] Optionally, use the following formula to calculate:

[0087] H=H1+H2

[0088] Among them, H is the height of the slag iron liquid level generated in the furnace, H1 is the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace, and H2 is the height of the slag slag level generated in the furnace.

[0089] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention obtains the height of the slag liquid level generated in the furnace through the total weight of the generated molten iron, the weight of the generated slag, the slag density and the diameter of the furnace; this is conducive to the subsequent judgment of the working status of the iron mouth, and timely adjustment of the blast furnace status according to the changes in the slag liquid level to optimize the overall operation of the blast furnace.

[0090] Optionally, after obtaining the height of the slag-iron liquid level generated in the furnace according to the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace and the height of the slag slag surface generated in the furnace, the method further includes:

[0091] Whether a coke pile is generated inside the furnace is determined based on the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace, the height of the slag iron level generated in the furnace, and the height from the iron mouth channel set on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane at the bottom of the furnace.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present invention, the product discharged from the iron mouth can be detected by a detection device. According to the type of product discharged from the iron mouth, combined with the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder, the height of the slag iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder and the height from the iron mouth channel set on the inner side of the furnace cylinder to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace cylinder calculated by a calculation device, it can be determined whether there is a coke pile inside the furnace cylinder.

[0093] If the height from the iron mouth channel set on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace is lower than the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace, the iron mouth channel set on the inner side of the furnace is located below the molten iron level, and it is impossible to determine whether there is a coke pile.

[0094] If the height from the iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace is higher than the liquid level of molten iron generated in the furnace and lower than the liquid level of slag iron generated in the furnace, and the liquid discharged from the iron mouth is set to contain molten iron, there is a coke pile inside the furnace.

[0095] If the height from the iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace is set higher than the slag and iron liquid level generated in the furnace, and the liquid discharged from the iron mouth is set to contain at least one of molten iron or slag, there is a coke pile inside the furnace.

[0096] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention determines whether a coke pile is generated inside the furnace cylinder through the type of product discharged from the iron mouth, combined with the liquid level of molten iron generated in the furnace cylinder, the liquid level of slag iron generated in the furnace cylinder, and the height from the iron mouth channel set on the inner side of the furnace cylinder to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace cylinder, so as to provide guidance for the subsequent execution of corresponding operations and ensure the safe and efficient operation of the blast furnace.

[0097] On the basis of the above embodiments, in order to better understand the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a specific implementation process using specific numerical values. Exemplarily, the method for controlling the volume of the coke pile in the hearth of a blast furnace is implemented in the following manner:

[0098] According to the iron ore grade and fuel composition of the raw materials entering the blast furnace, the weight of slag iron generated in real time during the smelting process of the raw materials entering the blast furnace can be obtained, and the slag ratio is 300kg / t. The diameter of the blast furnace hearth D = 10 meters, and the horizontal position of the bottom of the hearth is fixed to zero.

[0099] During the blast furnace production, within the set time period, the speed of smelting and producing molten iron in the blast furnace is S=5t / min, the total slag discharge time t of the blast furnace is 100 minutes, and the total weight of molten iron generated in the furnace is M1: M1=S*t=100*5=500 tons. The weight of the generated slag is proportional to the total weight of the generated molten iron, which is 0.300 times, that is, the weight of the generated slag is M2: M2=500×0.300=150 tons.

[0100] According to the total weight of the molten iron, the density of the molten iron and the diameter of the furnace, the height H1 of the molten iron level generated in the furnace is obtained, where the density of the molten iron ρ1 is taken as 7 tons / m 3 , the furnace diameter D is 10 meters: H1=M1÷ρ1÷(π*0.5D*0.5D)=500÷7÷(3.14*0.5*10*0.5*10)=0.91 meters; According to the generated slag weight, slag density and furnace diameter, the slag surface height H2 generated in the furnace is obtained, where the slag density value ρ2 is 3.0 tons / m 3 , the furnace diameter D is 10 meters: H2 = M2 ÷ ρ2 ÷ (π * 0.5D * 0.5D) = 150 ÷ ​​3.0 ÷ (3.14 * 0.5 * 10 * 0.5 * 10) = 0.64 meters; the slag iron liquid level H generated in the furnace is the sum of the molten iron liquid level H1 generated in the furnace and the slag slag level H2 generated in the furnace: H = H1 + H2 = 0.91 + 0.64 = 1.55 meters. This liquid level is a theoretical height. Because there is a coke pile in the center of the furnace, the actual furnace liquid level must be greater than 1.55 meters.

[0101] Specify the iron mouth as iron mouth A, and calculate the proportion of the slag iron volume of iron mouth A to the bottom of the furnace:

[0102] Determine the values ​​of known variables: During the opening process of iron mouth A, the actual depth La of iron mouth A is obtained according to the stroke of the drill rod of the opening machine when drilling through the iron mouth: La = 3.0 meters; the theoretical depth L of the iron mouth when A is designed is 3.3 meters; the height H0 from the outer iron mouth of iron mouth A to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace is 3.5 meters; the diameter of the iron mouth channel Da = 50mm = 0.05 meters; the inclination angle β1 of the iron mouth is 10°.

[0103] According to the above variable values, the vertical height H3 of the iron mouth channel in the furnace area can be obtained: H3 = La × sin β1 = 3.0 × 0.1736 = 0.5208 meters. If the iron mouth A is outside, the starting point position on the furnace wall is fixed, and the height ΔHa from the iron mouth channel A on the inside of the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace can be obtained as: ΔHa = (L-La) ÷ L × H0 = (3.3-3.0) ÷ 3.3 × 3.5 ≈ 0.318 meters, so ΔHa < H1, indicating that the iron mouth channel A on the inside of the furnace is below the molten iron level at this time, and it is impossible to determine whether there is a coke pile.

[0104] After the A iron mouth is opened, the slag iron begins to be discharged from the furnace at t1 (0:00). As the slag iron discharge time increases, the weight of the slag iron discharged from the A iron mouth is obtained by real-time dynamic weighing. At t3 (1:40), the blast furnace iron mouth starts to blow, indicating that the slag iron liquid level in the furnace is lower than the height from the A iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace, blocking the iron mouth. During the 100 minutes from t1 to t3, the actual weight of molten iron discharged from the blast furnace is M3 = 480 tons, the actual weight of slag discharged is M4 = 132 tons, and the actual liquid level of molten iron discharged is H4: H4 = M3 ÷ ρ1 ÷ (π*0.5D*0.5D) = 480 ÷ 7 ÷ (3.14*0.5*10*0.5*10) = 0.87 meters; the actual liquid level of slag discharged is H5: H5 = M4 ÷ ρ2 ÷ (π*0.5D*0.5D) = 132 ÷ 3.0 ÷ (π*0.5*10*0.5*10) = 0.56 meters; the actual total liquid level of slag discharged is H4 + H5 = 0.87 + 0.56 = 1.43 meters.

[0105] The slag iron below the height from the A iron mouth channel to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace can not be discharged from the iron mouth. The total weight of the molten iron not discharged from the furnace is Qa1: Qa1 = M1-M3 = 500-480 = 20 tons. The height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace is Hq1 = Qa1 ÷ ρ1 ÷ (π*0.5D*0.5D) = 20 ÷ 7.0 ÷ (3.14*0.5*10*0.5*10) = 0.036 meters. The weight of the slag not discharged from the furnace is Qa2: Qa2=M2-M4=18 tons, and the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace is Hq2: Hq2=Qa2÷ρ2÷(π*0.5D*0.5D)=18÷3.0÷(3.14*0.5*10*0.5*10)=0.076 meters; the slag iron remaining at the bottom of the furnace occupies a total height of the furnace of Hq1+Hq2=0.036+0.076=0.112 meters.

[0106] The above steps show that the height ΔHa from the A iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane at the bottom of the furnace is 0.318 meters, so the proportion of the slag volume of the A iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace K1 is: K1 = (Hq1 + Hq2) ÷ ΔHa × 100% = (0.036 + 0.076) ÷ 0.318 × 100% = 35%; then the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace Ya is: Ya = 1-K1 = 1-35% = 65%. Conclusion: After the A iron mouth discharges the slag, the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace is 65%. The step of cleaning the coke pile is judged according to the set coke pile volume threshold.

[0107] As slag and iron are discharged from multiple iron ports of the blast furnace, the volume percentage of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace increases, and the result can more truly reflect the situation of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace during blast furnace production. As the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace continues to increase, the actual depth of the blast furnace iron port becomes more difficult to deepen, and the blast furnace needs to perform the operation of cleaning the coke pile.

[0108] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0109] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth, characterized in that: include: According to the actual depth of the set iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design and the height from the iron mouth outside the set iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace is obtained; According to the total weight of molten iron and the weight of slag generated in the set iron mouth area within a set time period during blast furnace production, the weight of molten iron and the weight of slag actually discharged from the blast furnace through the set iron mouth, the total weight of molten iron not discharged from the furnace and the weight of slag not discharged, the diameter of the furnace, the density of molten iron, the density of slag and the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace is obtained; According to the ratio of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace, the ratio of the volume of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace is obtained; If the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace exceeds a set value, the step of cleaning the coke pile is performed.

2. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the actual depth of the set iron hole comprises: The actual depth of the set iron mouth is obtained according to the stroke of the drill rod of the opening machine when drilling through the iron mouth.

3. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace is obtained according to the actual depth of the set iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design, and the height from the iron mouth on the outer side of the iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, including: calculating by the following formula: ΔHa=(L-La)÷L×H0 Among them, ΔHa is the height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, L is the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during the design, La is the actual depth of the set iron mouth, and H0 is the height from the iron mouth on the outer side of the set iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace.

4. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before obtaining the height of the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace according to the actual depth of the set iron mouth, the theoretical depth of the iron mouth during design and the height of the iron mouth outside the set iron mouth to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, the method further includes: According to the total weight of the generated molten iron, the density of the molten iron and the diameter of the furnace, the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace is obtained; According to the weight of the generated slag, the density of the slag and the diameter of the furnace, the height of the slag surface generated in the furnace is obtained; The height of the slag iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder is obtained according to the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder and the height of the slag slag surface generated in the furnace cylinder; wherein the slag iron is a mixture of the molten iron and the slag.

5. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace is obtained according to the total weight of the generated molten iron, the density of the molten iron and the diameter of the furnace, and is calculated using the following formula: H1=M1÷ρ1÷(π*0.5D*0.5D) Wherein, H1 is the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace, M1 is the total weight of the generated molten iron, ρ1 is the density of the molten iron, and D is the diameter of the furnace; And / or, the height of the slag surface generated in the furnace is obtained according to the weight of the generated slag, the density of the slag and the diameter of the furnace, and is calculated using the following formula: H2=M2÷ρ2÷(π*0.5D*0.5D) Wherein, H2 is the height of the slag surface generated in the furnace, M2 is the weight of the generated slag, ρ2 is the slag density, and D is the diameter of the furnace; And / or, the height of the slag iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder is obtained according to the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder and the height of the slag slag surface generated in the furnace cylinder, and is calculated using the following formula: H=H1+H2 Among them, H is the height of the slag iron liquid level generated in the furnace, H1 is the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace, and H2 is the height of the slag slag surface generated in the furnace.

6. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 4, characterized in that: After obtaining the height of the slag-iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder according to the height of the molten iron liquid level generated in the furnace cylinder and the height of the slag slag surface generated in the furnace cylinder, the method further includes: Whether a coke pile is generated inside the furnace is determined based on the height of the molten iron level generated in the furnace, the height of the slag iron level generated in the furnace, and the height from the iron mouth channel set inside the furnace to the bottom horizontal plane of the furnace.

7. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: obtaining the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace cylinder according to the total weight of the molten iron and the slag generated in the set iron mouth area within a set time period during the production of the blast furnace, the weight of the molten iron and the slag actually discharged from the blast furnace through the set iron mouth, the total weight of the molten iron not discharged from the furnace cylinder and the weight of the slag not discharged, the diameter of the furnace cylinder, the density of the molten iron, the density of the slag and the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace cylinder to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace cylinder, including: Obtaining the total weight of the undischarged molten iron in the furnace according to the total weight of the generated molten iron and the weight of the actually discharged molten iron; Obtaining the weight of the undischarged slag in the furnace according to the weight of the generated slag and the weight of the actually discharged slag; Obtaining the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace according to the total weight of the undischarged molten iron, the furnace diameter, the molten iron density and the slag density; Obtaining the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace according to the weight of the undischarged slag, the furnace diameter, the density of the molten iron and the density of the slag; According to the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace, the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace and the height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace, the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace is obtained.

8. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 7, characterized in that , the total weight of the molten iron not discharged in the furnace is obtained according to the total weight of the generated molten iron and the actual weight of the molten iron discharged, and is calculated using the following formula: Qa1=M1-M3 Wherein, Qa1 is the total weight of the undischarged molten iron, M1 is the total weight of the generated molten iron, and M3 is the weight of the actually discharged molten iron; And / or, the weight of the undischarged slag in the furnace is obtained according to the weight of the generated slag and the weight of the actually discharged slag, and is calculated using the following formula: Qa2=M2-M4 Wherein, Qa2 is the weight of the undischarged slag, M2 is the weight of the generated slag, and M4 is the weight of the actually discharged slag; And / or, the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace is obtained according to the total weight of the undischarged molten iron, the furnace diameter and the molten iron density, and is calculated using the following formula: Hq1=Qa1÷ρ1÷(π*0.5D*0.5D) Wherein, Hq1 is the height of the undischarged molten iron liquid level, Qa1 is the total weight of the undischarged molten iron, ρ1 is the density of the molten iron, and D is the diameter of the furnace; And / or, the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace is obtained according to the weight of the undischarged slag, the furnace diameter and the slag density, and is calculated using the following formula: Hq2=Qa2÷ρ2÷(π*0.5D*0.5D) Wherein, Hq2 is the height of the undischarged slag surface, Qa2 is the weight of the undischarged slag, ρ2 is the slag density, and D is the furnace diameter; And / or, the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace cylinder is obtained according to the height of the molten iron level remaining in the furnace cylinder, the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace cylinder and the height from the set iron mouth channel inside the furnace cylinder to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the furnace cylinder, and the following formula is used for calculation: K1=(Hq1+Hq2)÷ΔHa×100% Among them, K1 is the proportion of the slag volume of the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace, Hq1 is the height of the molten iron liquid level remaining in the furnace, Hq2 is the height of the slag surface remaining in the furnace, and ΔHa is the height from the set iron mouth channel on the inner side of the furnace to the horizontal plane at the bottom of the furnace.

9. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace according to the ratio of the slag iron volume at the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace comprises: calculating by the following formula: Ya=1-K1 Among them, Ya is the volume ratio of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace, and K1 is the volume ratio of the slag iron at the set iron mouth to the bottom of the furnace.

10. The method for controlling the volume of coke pile in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the volume proportion of the coke pile at the bottom of the furnace exceeds a set value, the step of cleaning the coke pile is performed, including: Use hot furnace washing method or increase furnace blowing kinetic energy to clean the coke pile and maintain the coke pile in the furnace within the set range.

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