High-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of ore grinding. The method comprises the following steps: smelting molten high-carbon steel and molten ultrahigh-carbon steel by using two electric furnaces, wherein the molten high-carbon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.81-0.89% of C, 0.88-1.05% of Si, 0.84-0.97% of Mn, 0.88-1.04% of Cr, 0.052-0.087% of B and 0.032-0.067% of Al and lt; 0.035% S, lt; 0.040% of P, the balance Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, and the total amount of the impurity elements is less than 0.15%. The mass ratios of the high-carbon steel molten steel and the ultra-high carbon steel molten steel are 82-83% and 17-18%, the high-carbon steel molten steel and the ultra-high carbon steel molten steel are uniformly mixed, the mixture is poured into a wear-resistant steel round bar on a crystallizer, and the wear-resistant steel round bar is rolled into steel balls through a skew rolling mill. After being quenched and tempered, the steel ball has high hardness and excellent wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of grinding. Background Art

[0002] Grinding balls are the main grinding media in ball mills. They are used to crush and grind materials to obtain powders of the required particle size. They are consumables with a large amount of consumption and play a huge role in the production of many industries such as electricity, mining, metallurgy, building materials, chemicals, and medicine. In recent years, with the continuous exploitation of resources, the grade of ore has continued to decrease, and the mining cost has gradually increased. The development of mills towards large-scale and high-efficiency is an important means to reduce grinding costs. The large-scale mills put forward higher requirements on the comprehensive performance of matching grinding balls. Although traditional casting (chromium alloy cast iron, carbide-containing ductile iron, etc.) grinding balls can obtain high surface hardness (≥58HRC), they have many internal defects (shrinkage, looseness, etc.), poor impact resistance, high breakage rate, and are difficult to meet the use requirements. The steel selected for forging generally removes the ingot riser and gate (defect-enriched areas such as shrinkage, looseness, and segregation). During the forging process, the microstructure is further compacted, making the impact resistance and breakage rate of forged grinding balls significantly better than those of cast grinding balls of the same material. At the same time, after forging, the austenite grains are broken and there is no time to recover and recrystallize and grow, so the grinding ball grains are fine, and the strength and hardness are improved. However, forged grinding balls usually have a low carbon content and lack high-hardness carbide wear-resistant hard phase inside the grinding balls, so the wear resistance of forged grinding balls needs to be further improved.

[0003] In order to improve the performance of the grinding ball, Chinese invention patent CN118389959A discloses a high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and its production method. The steel used in the high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball includes the following components in mass percentage: C: 0.72%-0.85%, Cr: 0.95%-1.2%, Ni: 0.05%-0.23%, Mo: 0.03%-0.15%, Si: 1.20%-1.50%, Mn: 0.50%-0.86%, V : 0.005%-0.009%, Ti: 0.1%-0.2%, AI: 0.3%-0.6%, Cu: 0.01%-0.08%, S: 0.01%-0.025%, metal lubricant 0.1%-0.2%, metal repair agent 0.08%-0.18%, vanadium nitride 0.1%-0.15%, diamond powder 0.08%-0.12%, coupling agent 0.01%-0.1%, the balance is Fe and inevitable trace impurities. The steel ball is added with metal lubricant, so that when the steel ball is rubbed by external objects, a dense lubricating film can be formed, thereby reducing the friction between the steel ball and the external object, thereby improving the wear resistance and service life of the steel ball. However, adding a small amount of low-density vanadium nitride, metal lubricant, diamond powder, coupling agent and metal repair agent cannot ensure the uniform distribution of these materials in the grinding balls, which is not conducive to improving the overall performance of the grinding balls.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN118272740A discloses a Φ130 semi-autogenous grinding steel ball, which is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 1.8-2.1% C, 0.5-0.9% Si, 0.4-0.9% Mn, 8-10% Cr, 0.1-0.2% Mo, 0.1-0.2% Ni, 0-0.05% S, and 0-0.05% P; the invention also relates to a method for making a Φ130 semi-autogenous grinding steel ball, comprising the following steps: S1, batching, adding chromium, molybdenum, nickel and rare earth to shaving iron, the amount of each metal added is calculated by total percentage, and the amount of rare earth added is 2% of the shaving iron liquid; S2, smelting, adding the raw materials in step S1 into a medium frequency electric furnace for single smelting. The steel balls prepared by this invention have a hardness equivalent to that of ordinary steel balls, but have an impact toughness 1.5-3 joules higher. Because impact toughness is the main indicator of the out-of-round deformation of steel balls, the alloy components and rare earth added to the product can effectively increase the strength and prevent it from breaking, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing production efficiency and improving economic benefits. Chinese invention patent CN110284048A also discloses a high-carbon, high-chromium, high-boron alloy steel ball for a ball mill, whose chemical components are: C: 0.9 mass%-1.0 mass%, Si: 1.75 mass%-2.30 mass%, Mn: 0.20 mass%-3.0 mass%, Cr: 7.7 mass%-8.2 mass%, B: 0.002 mass%-0.003 mass%, Mo: 0.05 mass%-1.00 mass%, N: 0.002 mass%-0.008 mass%, Ni: 0.5 mass%-0.7 mass%, Zr: 0.015 mass%-0.08 mass%, Al: 0.08 mass%-0.10 mass%, and the remaining components contain iron and some inevitable impurities P: less than 0.008 mass%, S: less than 0.0008 mass%. The high-carbon, high-chromium, high-boron alloy steel ball for ball mill and its preparation method greatly improve the wear resistance and toughness of the steel ball by increasing the content of carbon, chromium and boron and adopting a quenching and tempering process with gradually increasing temperature. The grinding ball of the invention contains a large amount of chromium, which is scarce in my country, and also contains 2% of expensive rare earth elements, which significantly increases the production cost of the grinding ball.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN117324372A discloses a rolling method for high-carbon and high-rare earth ball mill hot-rolled steel balls, comprising: 1) selection of continuous casting billets, wherein the chemical components of the high-carbon and high-rare earth ball mill hot-rolled steel balls are as follows by mass percentage: C0.95-1.10%, Si 1.70-1.90%, Mn0.70-0.90%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Al≤0.060%, Cr 0.90-0.90%, RE 80-300ppm, Ni≤0.30%, Cu≤0.30%, Pb≤0.020%, Sn≤0.030%, [H]≤2.0ppm; [O]≤20ppm; [N]≤80ppm, and the rest are Fe and unavoidable impurities. ;2) Heating process, preheating section ≤ 800℃, heating section 1080~1180℃, heating section 2 1140~1240℃, soaking section 1150~1200℃, slow heating is adopted in the heating section, overburning or overheating is prohibited, and soaking time of continuous casting billet is ensured to be ≥45min, and uniform temperature inside and outside the continuous casting billet is ensured;3) Rolling process, continuous casting billet adopts Ф850 billet opening machine and Ф700mm×3+Ф550mm×4 continuous rolling mill group rolling process, continuous casting billet starting rolling temperature is controlled at 1080~1180℃, final rolling temperature is controlled at ≥850℃, and slow cooling in slow cooling pit is ensured at ≥500℃. Impact and hardness tests are carried out on the hot-rolled round steel rolled by the invention, which has good impact work and hardness at room temperature. Chinese invention patent CN115747649A also discloses a steel ball rolled with high carbon steel as raw material, the weight percentage of each component of which is as follows: C: 1.20-1.40%; Cr: 1.0-1.2%; Si: 0.7-0.9%; Mn: 0.9-1.5%, and the remaining components are Fe and other impurities. The invention also discloses a rolling process for rolling steel balls with high carbon steel as raw material, comprising the following steps: S1, heating the raw steel bars with the weight percentage of each component as claimed in claim 1 in a heating furnace, conveying the heated raw steel bars in a rolling mill, and rolling them into steel balls by oblique rolling; S2, air cooling the steel balls and then heating them again and keeping them warm; S3, quenching the steel balls, and then entering an air cooling device for cooling. The invention proportions the contents of the components in the raw steel rod and improves the steel ball rolling process so that the rolled steel balls have high strength and hardness, high elastic limit and fatigue limit, and the performance of the steel balls in subsequent use is better.Chinese invention patent CN111254273A also discloses a method for preparing a high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball, comprising the following steps: (a) pressing and rolling a high-carbon round steel segment into a spherical steel ball; (b) air-cooling the steel ball to cool it to 480-520°C, and then cooling it naturally; (c) inputting the cold steel ball into a heating furnace for secondary heating and taking it out of the furnace; the heating furnace has a first heating zone, a second heating zone, a third heating zone and a cooling zone; (d) the temperature of the steel ball to be taken out of the furnace is reduced to 790-820°C, and it is quenched in water; when its cooling temperature drops to 150-170°C, it is discharged from water; (e) the steel ball to be taken out of the water is further cooled to 58-60°C, and it is subjected to low-temperature continuous tempering at 200-240°C, and cooled naturally. This invention adopts secondary heating technology to control the lower austenitization temperature of the steel ball, achieve the purpose of steel ball microstructure refinement, and provide preparation for steel ball quenching; control the quenching temperature, water outlet temperature and cooling and tempering process of the steel ball after water outlet, effectively solve the problem of easy cracking of steel balls during direct quenching, and provide a new method for mass production of high-carbon wear-resistant steel balls. Chinese invention patent CN108998727A also discloses a highly wear-resistant and impact-resistant niobium-titanium microalloyed high-carbon alloy steel, whose chemical composition by mass percentage is: C: 0.65-0.85%, Si: 0.20-0.45%, Mn: 0.80-1.00%, P: ≤0.015%, S: ≤0.015%, Ni: 0.05-0.10%, Cr: 0.75-0.95%, Al: 0.010-0.045%, Nb: 0.020-0.050%, Ti: 0.010-0.050%, [H] ≤0.0002%, [O] ≤0.002%, [N] ≤0.006%, and the rest is Fe. From the above formula, it can be seen that the invention provides a highly wear-resistant and impact-resistant niobium-titanium micro-alloyed high-carbon alloy steel and its production method, which adds appropriate amounts of micro-alloying elements Nb and Ti on the basis of the original composition to control the austenite grain size and micro-alloy the Nb and Ti elements. By optimizing the chemical composition of the steel, the rolling production process window of the steel ball is broadened, and the wear resistance and toughness of the steel alloy are improved, thereby avoiding premature breakage of the steel ball again. Chinese invention patent CN118241022A also discloses a hot rolling process for large-diameter wear-resistant steel balls, which uses round bar-shaped B5-Nb steel as a blank, and the height-to-diameter ratio of the blank is 0.8-2.0; the blank is placed in a walking beam heating furnace and heated to 1020-1070°C; the heated blank is placed in a rolling mill and rolled into a ball; the formed steel ball is air-cooled to 780-820°C, and is placed in 45°C water for water quenching, and the water quenching time is 70s; then the steel ball is taken out and tempered at 200°C for 5h; thereby, a steel ball is made. This invention can prepare a steel ball with strong hardness and toughness by selecting a specific blank, and coordinating pre-rolling heating and post-rolling treatment. Chinese invention patent CN114182181A also discloses a steel ball and rolling process rolled with high carbon steel as raw material.The process of rolling steel balls using high carbon steel as raw material is characterized in that the content of each component in the raw material of the high carbon steel is as follows: C: 0.9-1.08%, Mn: 0.85-0.97%, Cr: 0.8-0.95%, and the remainder is iron and other impurities. The process of the invention includes the following steps: (1) the steel bar is heated in a medium frequency induction heating furnace, rolled through a rolling mill, and rolled into a steel ball; (2) the steel ball enters a heat treatment system through an isothermal system for two-stage quenching treatment; (3) the steel ball passes through a quenching medium and enters an air cooling bed for cooling treatment, and after the steel ball cools to room temperature, it undergoes a medium and low temperature tempering treatment. The above-mentioned steel ball lacks wear-resistant hard phase, and the wear resistance of the steel ball needs to be improved.

[0006] Chinese invention patent CN112359291A discloses a high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and its processing technology, wherein the high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball is composed of the following elements in mass percentage: C: 1.0-2.0%, Mn: 3.2-4.5%, Ni: 0.1-0.5%, Mo: 0.01-0.06%, Pb: 0.3-0.8%, Mo: 0.05-0.09%, Ti: 0.2-1.0%, the sum of S, P, and Cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the rest is Fe and inevitable impurities. The high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the invention does not need to add chromium metal, and by adjusting the carbon content and other element composition in the steel ball, the steel ball has strong wear resistance and toughness. Chinese invention patent CN112176260A also discloses a steel for ultra-high carbon rolled steel balls. The chemical composition of the steel includes, by mass percentage, C: 0.9-1.02%, Mn: 0.85-0.95%, Si: 0.4-0.6%, Cr: 0.5-0.7%, Al: 0.02-0.04%, P: not more than 0.035%, S: not more than 0.02%, and the balance is Fe. Its preparation steps include: a) heating in a high-temperature heating furnace, b) rolling in a ball rolling mill, c) quenching, d) tempering, and e) cooling naturally in air to room temperature to obtain a finished steel ball. The finished steel ball does not contain pearlite, the content of residual austenite is greater than 15%, and the proportion of tempered martensite to quenched martensite is greater than 95%; the impact energy detection value of the finished steel ball is greater than 18 joules, and the volume hardness is greater than 60HRC. The excessive amount of residual austenite in the above-mentioned steel balls causes the residual austenite to transform into brittle high-carbon martensite under repeated impact during the use of the steel balls, and the steel balls are prone to spalling and brittle cracking. Summary of the invention

[0007] Aiming at the existing high-carbon wear-resistant steel balls, a small amount of low-density vanadium nitride, metal lubricant, diamond powder, coupling agent and metal repair agent are added, but the uniform distribution of these materials in the grinding balls cannot be ensured, which is not conducive to improving the overall performance of the grinding balls. The grinding balls contain a large amount of chromium elements that are scarce in my country, and also contain 2% of expensive rare earth elements, which significantly increases the production cost of the grinding balls. The steel balls lack wear-resistant hard phases, and the wear resistance of the steel balls is poor. There is too much residual austenite in the steel balls, which causes the residual austenite to be transformed into brittle high-carbon martensite under repeated impact during the use of the steel balls, and the steel balls are prone to peeling and brittle cracking. The present invention adopts two electric furnaces to melt high-carbon steel molten steel and ultra-high carbon steel molten steel respectively. The ultra-high carbon steel molten steel contains a small amount of alloy elements such as titanium, bismuth, tellurium, etc. that promote the appearance of carbon elements in the form of high-hardness TiC, and finally increases the amount of wear-resistant hard phase TiC in the wear-resistant steel balls, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the steel balls.

[0008] A high carbon wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof, wherein the specific preparation process steps include the following:

[0009] ① Use two medium frequency induction furnaces to melt high carbon steel and ultra high carbon steel respectively; first use scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferroboron and aluminum as raw materials in the first medium frequency induction furnace to melt high carbon steel; firstly, mix and heat the scrap steel, carburizer and ferrochrome in the medium frequency induction furnace to melt, and then add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferroboron in turn after the molten steel is melted, and heat the molten steel in the furnace to 1613-1628℃, and then add 0.12-0.15% of the mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace. Metal aluminum, and control the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace to 0.81-0.89% C, 0.88-1.05% Si, 0.84-0.97% Mn, 0.88-1.04% Cr, 0.052-0.087% B, 0.032-0.067% Al, <0.035% S, <0.040% P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.15%; high carbon steel molten steel is removed from the furnace after slagging;

[0010] ② Then, in another medium frequency induction furnace, scrap steel, carburizer, aluminum, ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium, ferromanganese and tellurium bismuth ore are used as raw materials to smelt ultra-high carbon steel liquid; first, the scrap steel and carburizer are mixed and heated to melt in the medium frequency induction furnace, and then ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are added in sequence after the molten steel is melted, and the molten steel is heated to 1601-1626℃, and then the tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 300-350℃ for 120-150 minutes and the tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 75 After the titanium iron, tellurium bismuth ore and titanium iron are preheated at 0-800℃ for 120-150 minutes and melted, 0.10-0.12% of metal aluminum is added to the molten steel in the furnace, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 3.84-3.97% C, 1.84-1.99% Si, 1.17-1.35% Mn, 5.63-5.95% Ti, 0.38-0.49% Bi, 0. 51-0.63%Te, 0.040-0.069%Al, <0.12%S, <0.050%P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, and the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.25%; finally, the molten steel is discharged from the furnace into the ladle. After the ultra-high carbon steel molten steel has all entered the ladle, the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is fed into the molten steel by a wire feeder, and the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is inserted into the lower part of the molten steel in the ladle, and the head of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is 30-50mm away from the bottom of the ladle; the chemical composition and mass fraction of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire are: 18.75-19.62%Ti, 2.88-3.13%Ce, 17.40-18.68%Si, 7.17-7.62%K, 3.98-4.51%Ca, 5.17-5.63%Zn, the remainder is Fe and inevitable impurities; the diameter of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire The amount of titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire added accounts for 0.65-0.70% of the mass fraction of the molten steel entering the ladle; after the ultra-high carbon molten steel in the ladle is deslagging and standing, when the temperature drops to 1460-1486° C., the high carbon molten steel with a temperature of up to 1613-1628° C. to be discharged from the furnace after deslagging in step ① is directly injected into the ladle, and the mass ratio of the high carbon molten steel to the ultra-high carbon molten steel is 82-83% and 17-18% (the sum of the two is 100%);

[0011] ③ When the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle drops to 1495-1513°C, pour it into the tubular continuous casting crystallizer on the continuous casting machine, and during the continuous casting process, the molten steel in the crystallizer is electromagnetically stirred to obtain a wear-resistant steel cylindrical rod with a diameter of φ80-115mm. The electromagnetic stirring current is 340-360A, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 3.5-4.5Hz; the continuous casting machine pulling speed is 0.65-0.70m / min; the wear-resistant steel cylindrical rod with a diameter of φ80-115mm is heated to 1050-1100°C in a walking natural gas heating furnace, and after keeping warm for 50-60 minutes, it is rolled through a skew rolling mill to be rolled into a steel ball with a diameter of φ84-120mm;

[0012] ④ When the surface temperature of the steel ball rolled in step ③ drops to 880-930°C, the steel ball is quenched and cooled in a water glass quenching liquid at a temperature of 32-45°C for 10-12 minutes; then the steel ball is taken out of the water glass quenching liquid, and kept in a tempering furnace at a temperature of 230-260°C for 16-18 hours, the furnace is cooled to a temperature below 150°C, and the steel ball is air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace to obtain a high carbon wear-resistant steel ball.

[0013] As mentioned above, the water glass quenching liquid is composed of 22-25% by mass of water glass and 75-78% by mass of water, and the total mass of the water glass and the water is 100%.

[0014] The present invention mainly solves the problem that the wear-resistant steel ball lacks a wear-resistant hard phase, resulting in poor wear resistance of the steel ball. The present invention uses two electric furnaces to melt high-carbon steel liquid and ultra-high carbon steel liquid respectively. The ultra-high carbon steel liquid contains a small amount of alloy elements such as titanium, bismuth, and tellurium that promote the appearance of carbon elements in the form of high-hardness TiC, which is expected to eventually increase the amount of wear-resistant hard phase TiC in the wear-resistant steel ball and improve the hardness and wear resistance of the steel ball. A high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof, the specific preparation process steps are:

[0015] Two medium frequency induction furnaces are used to melt high carbon steel liquid and ultra high carbon steel liquid respectively. First, scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferroboron and metallic aluminum are used as raw materials in the first medium frequency induction furnace to melt high carbon steel liquid. Raw materials such as scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferroboron and metallic aluminum are abundant in source and low in price, which ensures low manufacturing cost of steel balls. The present invention first mixes scrap steel, carburizer and ferrochrome in a medium frequency induction furnace for heating and melting, and after the molten steel is melted, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferroboron are added in sequence. The use of separate feeding and melting can improve the recovery rate of silicon, manganese and boron elements. The present invention then heats the molten steel in the furnace to 1613-1628°C, then adds metal aluminum accounting for 0.12-0.15% of the mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace, and controls the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace to 0.81-0.89% C, 0.88-1.05% Si, 0.84-0.97% Mn, 0.88-1.04% Cr, 0.052-0.087% B, 0.032-0.067% Al, <0.035% S, <0.040% P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.15%, and the high carbon steel molten steel is removed from the furnace after slagging. The present invention contains 0.052-0.087% B, which can significantly improve the hardenability and hardenability of the wear-resistant steel ball. In the present invention, 0.88-1.05% Si, 0.84-0.97% Mn, 0.88-1.04% Cr and 0.81-0.89% C are added to ensure that the matrix structure of the steel ball after quenching obtains high-hardness martensite, thereby improving the wear resistance of the steel ball.

[0016] The steel balls produced solely by using the above-mentioned ingredients lack high-hardness, wear-resistant hard phases, and the wear resistance of the steel balls cannot meet the requirements of industrial production. In order to increase the amount of wear-resistant hard phases in the steel balls, the present invention also uses scrap steel, carburizer, metallic aluminum, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium and tellurium bismuth ore as raw materials in another medium-frequency induction furnace to smelt ultra-high carbon steel liquid. The scrap steel and the carburizer are first mixed and heated to melt in a medium-frequency induction furnace. After the molten steel is melted, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are added in sequence, and the temperature of the molten steel is raised to 1601-1626°C. Subsequently, tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 300-350°C for 120-150 minutes and ferrotitanium preheated at 750-800°C for 120-150 minutes are added. After the tellurium bismuth ore and ferrotitanium are melted, metallic aluminum accounting for 0.10-0.12% of the mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace is added, and the molten steel in the furnace is heated to 1601-1626°C. The chemical composition and mass fraction are controlled at 3.84-3.97% C, 1.84-1.99% Si, 1.17-1.35% Mn, 5.63-5.95% Ti, 0.38-0.49% Bi, 0.51-0.63% Te, 0.040-0.069% Al, <0.12% S, <0.050% P, the remainder is Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements, and the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.25%. Finally, the molten steel is discharged into the ladle.

[0017] The ultra-high carbon steel molten steel of the present invention contains 3.84-3.97% C, which combines with the titanium element in the steel to form high-hardness TiC. Titanium carbide (TiC) is a gray metallic face-centered cubic lattice solid with high melting point and boiling point. Its melting point is 3140°C and its boiling point is 4820°C. In addition, TiC is a compound with high hardness, high melting point and high thermodynamic stability, and its microhardness is as high as 2850kg / mm 2, second only to diamond. The silicon content in the present invention is as high as 1.84-1.99%. With the increase of silicon content, the solidification core can be increased, which has the effect of promoting the refinement of TiC. The silicon and carbon content in the present invention is high, and it is easy to precipitate a low-hardness graphite phase. In order to solve this problem, the present invention also adds 0.38-0.49% Bi and 0.51-0.63% Te by mass fraction, which can promote the formation of high-hardness TiC and prevent the appearance of graphite structure. However, if pure tellurium and pure bismuth elements are added alone, pure tellurium and pure bismuth are expensive and prone to oxidation and burning. The present invention adds tellurium bismuth ore (Bi2Te3) whose price is significantly lower than that of pure tellurium and pure bismuth. The main components of tellurium bismuth ore are tellurium and bismuth, which are used to replace pure tellurium and pure bismuth, and significantly reduce the production cost and also reduce the burning of elements. In addition, if a large amount of ferrotitanium is added to molten steel alone, coarse block TiC is easily generated during the solidification process. The coarse block TiC is eventually distributed on the steel ball matrix, causing the steel ball to crack and peel off easily during forging and use. In turn, the service life of the steel ball is reduced. In order to solve this problem, after all the ultra-high carbon steel liquid enters the ladle, a wire feeder is used to feed the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire into the molten steel, and the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is inserted into the lower part of the molten steel in the ladle, and the head of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is 30 to 50 mm away from the bottom of the ladle; the chemical composition and mass fraction of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire are: 18.75-19.62% Ti, 2.88-3.13% Ce, 17.40-18.68% Si, 7.17-7.62% K, 3.98-4.51% Ca, 5.17-5.63% Zn, and the remainder is Fe and unavoidable impurities; the diameter of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire The amount of titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire added accounts for 0.65-0.70% of the mass fraction of the molten steel entering the ladle. 7.17-7.62% K, 5.17-5.63% Zn and 2.88-3.13% Ce in the multi-element alloy wire can significantly reduce the size of TiC particles after the ultra-high carbon molten steel solidifies, ensure that TiC does not crack and peel off during the forging and use of the steel ball, give full play to the anti-wear effect of TiC, and help to significantly improve the wear resistance of the steel ball.

[0018] After the ultra-high carbon steel liquid in the ladle of the present invention is deslagging and standing, when the temperature drops to 1460-1486°C, a large number of high-melting-point fine TiC particles have been precipitated in the ladle. The ultra-high carbon steel liquid is then directly mixed with the previously smelted high carbon steel liquid with a temperature of up to 1613-1628°C in the ladle, and the mass ratio of the high carbon steel liquid to the ultra-high carbon steel liquid is 82-83% and 17-18%. At this time, the obtained molten steel contains high-hardness fine TiC particles with a volume fraction of up to 5.5-6.2%, which lays a foundation for the subsequent grinding balls to have high hardness and high wear resistance. When the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle drops to 1495-1513℃, it is poured into the tubular continuous casting crystallizer, and during the continuous casting of the molten steel, the molten steel in the crystallizer is subjected to electromagnetic stirring to obtain wear-resistant steel round bars with a diameter of φ80-115mm. The electromagnetic stirring current is 340-360A, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 3.5-4.5Hz; the continuous casting machine pulling speed is 0.65-0.70m / min. During the continuous casting of the molten steel, the molten steel in the crystallizer is subjected to electromagnetic stirring with a stirring current of 340-360A and a stirring frequency of 3.5-4.5Hz, which helps to evenly distribute TiC particles in the wear-resistant steel round bars.

[0019] The present invention heats a wear-resistant steel round bar with a diameter of φ80-115mm to 1050-1100°C in a walking natural gas heating furnace, keeps the temperature for 50-60 minutes, and then rolls it through an oblique rolling mill to roll it into a steel ball with a diameter of φ84-120mm. The oblique rolling mill is used to roll the steel ball, which has high production efficiency and good surface quality of the steel ball. When the surface temperature of the rolled steel ball drops to 880-930°C, the steel ball is quenched and cooled in a water glass quenching liquid with a temperature of 32-45°C for 10-12 minutes. The water glass quenching liquid is composed of water glass with a mass fraction of 22-25% and water with a mass fraction of 75-78%, and the total mass of the water glass and water is 100%. Water glass quenching is a method in which a steel ball is heated to a certain temperature and then quickly placed in a pre-prepared water glass solution for quenching. The concentration of the water glass quenching liquid is one of the important factors affecting the quenching effect. When preparing water glass quenching liquid, water glass and water are generally mixed in a certain proportion to form a solution, and this proportion is the concentration of the liquid. The concentration of the water glass quenching liquid of the present invention is 22-25%, which can prevent the steel ball from quenching cracks. During the quenching process, the main function of water glass is to quickly cool the steel ball, prevent the appearance of pearlite structure, and increase its hardness and wear resistance. Quenching with water glass melt can prevent quenching cracks from occurring in the steel ball. The cooling time of the steel ball of the present invention in the quenching liquid cannot be too long, and the matrix has been transformed into a martensitic matrix after cooling for 10-12 minutes. At this time, the steel ball needs to be taken out of the water glass quenching liquid and kept warm in a tempering furnace at a temperature of 230-260°C for 16-18 hours to eliminate quenching stress and stabilize the matrix microstructure. Finally, the furnace is cooled to a temperature below 150°C, and the furnace is air-cooled to room temperature to obtain a high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention contains TiC with high hardness and fine particle size and is firmly bonded to the metal matrix, which significantly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the steel ball. The surface hardness of the steel ball of the present invention is greater than 63HRC, the core hardness is greater than 61HRC, and the impact toughness is greater than 18J / cm 2 .

[0022] (2) The high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention uses cheap scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron and metallic aluminum as main raw materials, does not contain expensive alloy elements such as expensive molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, niobium, vanadium, etc., and has a lower production cost.

[0023] (3) The present invention uses a tubular continuous casting crystallizer to directly cast wear-resistant steel round bars, and after heating and heat preservation treatment, uses a skew rolling mill to directly roll them into steel balls, which has high production efficiency and good surface quality of the steel balls. The high-carbon wear-resistant steel balls of the present invention are also quenched and cooled with water glass quenching liquid, which is low in cost and does not pollute the environment.

[0024] (4) The MLD-10 impact abrasive wear tester was used to simulate the use conditions of the steel ball, and the ordinary forged steel ball made of 65Mn was selected as a comparative sample to examine the impact abrasive wear performance of the high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention. The size of the wear sample is 10mm×10mm×30mm, the abrasive particle size is quartz sand of 800-1200μm, the impact energy is set to 3.0J, the lower sample speed is 200r / min, and the abrasive flow rate is 1.5kg / min. The wear time is 2 hours. Under the same wear conditions, the wear rate of the high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention is 70-75% lower than that of the 65Mn ordinary forged steel ball. The high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention is used to grind gold ore in a semi-autogenous mill with a diameter of more than 10 meters, and the ball consumption is reduced by more than 50% compared with the 65Mn ordinary forged steel ball. The promotion and application of high carbon wear-resistant steel balls has good economic and social benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] A high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof, wherein two electric furnaces are used to melt high-carbon steel liquid and ultra-high-carbon steel liquid respectively, and the specific preparation process steps are:

[0028] ① Use two medium frequency induction furnaces to melt high carbon steel and ultra high carbon steel respectively; first use scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferroboron and metal aluminum as raw materials in the first medium frequency induction furnace to melt high carbon steel; firstly, mix and heat the scrap steel, carburizer and ferrochrome in the medium frequency induction furnace to melt, and then add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferroboron in turn after the molten steel is melted, and heat the molten steel in the furnace to 1613℃, and then add the molten steel in the furnace. The mass fraction of the molten steel is 0.12% of aluminum, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 0.81% C, 1.05% Si, 0.84% ​​Mn, 1.04% Cr, 0.052% B, 0.032% Al, 0.032% S, 0.037% P, and the balance is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, and the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.15%; the high carbon steel molten steel is removed from the furnace after slagging;

[0029] ② Then, in another medium frequency induction furnace, scrap steel, carburizer, metallic aluminum, ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium, ferromanganese and tellurium bismuth ore are used as raw materials to smelt ultra-high carbon steel liquid; first, the scrap steel and the carburizer are mixed and heated to melt in the medium frequency induction furnace, and after the molten steel is melted, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are added in sequence, and the molten steel is heated to 1601°C, and then tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 300°C for 150 minutes and ferrotitanium preheated at 750°C for 150 minutes are added, and after the tellurium bismuth ore and ferrotitanium are melted, metallic aluminum accounting for 0.10% of the mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace is added, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 3.84% C, 1.99% Si, 1.17% Mn, 5.95% Ti, 0.38% Bi, 0.51 %Te, 0.040%Al, 0.081%S, 0.044%P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.25%; finally, the molten steel is discharged from the furnace into the ladle, and after the ultra-high carbon steel molten steel has all entered the ladle, the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is fed into the molten steel by a wire feeder, and the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is inserted into the lower part of the molten steel in the ladle, and the head of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is 30mm away from the bottom of the ladle; the chemical composition and mass fraction of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire are: 18.75%Ti, 3.13%Ce, 17.40%Si, 7.62%K, 3.98%Ca, 5.63%Zn, the remainder is Fe and inevitable impurities; the diameter of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire The amount of titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire added accounts for 0.65% of the mass fraction of the molten steel entering the ladle; after the ultra-high carbon molten steel in the ladle is deslagging and standing, when the temperature drops to 1460° C., the high carbon molten steel with a temperature of up to 1613° C. to be discharged from the furnace after deslagging in step ① is directly injected into the ladle, and the mass ratio of the high carbon molten steel to the ultra-high carbon molten steel is 82% and 18%;

[0030] ③ When the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle drops to 1495℃, it is poured into the tubular continuous casting crystallizer on the continuous casting machine, and the molten steel in the crystallizer is electromagnetically stirred during the continuous casting process to obtain a wear-resistant steel round bar with a diameter of φ80mm. The electromagnetic stirring current is 340A, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 3.5Hz; the continuous casting machine pulling speed is 0.65m / min; the wear-resistant steel round bar with a diameter of φ80mm is heated to 1050℃ in a walking natural gas heating furnace, and after keeping warm for 60 minutes, it is rolled through a skew rolling mill to be rolled into a φ84mm steel ball;

[0031] ④ When the surface temperature of the steel ball rolled in step ③ drops to 880-910℃, the steel ball is quenched and cooled in a water glass quenching liquid at a temperature of 32℃ for 10 minutes; the water glass quenching liquid is composed of 25% water glass by mass and 75% water by mass, and the total mass of water glass and water is 100%; then the steel ball is taken out of the water glass quenching liquid, and kept in a tempering furnace at a temperature of 230℃ for 18 hours, cooled in the furnace to a temperature below 150℃, and air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace, and a high carbon wear-resistant steel ball can be obtained. The mechanical properties of the steel ball are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] A high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof, wherein two electric furnaces are used to melt high-carbon steel liquid and ultra-high-carbon steel liquid respectively, and the specific preparation process steps are:

[0034] ① Use two medium frequency induction furnaces to melt high carbon steel and ultra high carbon steel respectively; first use scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferroboron and metal aluminum as raw materials in the first medium frequency induction furnace to melt high carbon steel; firstly, mix and heat the scrap steel, carburizer and ferrochrome in the medium frequency induction furnace to melt, and then add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferroboron in turn after the molten steel is melted, and heat the molten steel in the furnace to 1628℃, and then add the molten steel in the furnace. The mass fraction of the molten steel is 0.15% of aluminum, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 0.89% C, 0.88% Si, 0.97% Mn, 0.88% Cr, 0.087% B, 0.067% Al, 0.034% S, 0.035% P, and the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, and the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.15%; the high carbon steel molten steel is removed from the furnace after slagging;

[0035] ② Then, in another medium frequency induction furnace, scrap steel, carburizer, metallic aluminum, ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium, ferromanganese and tellurium bismuth ore are used as raw materials to smelt ultra-high carbon steel liquid; first, the scrap steel and the carburizer are mixed and heated to melt in the medium frequency induction furnace, and after the molten steel is melted, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are added in sequence, and the molten steel is heated to 1626°C, and then tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 350°C for 120 minutes and ferrotitanium preheated at 800°C for 120 minutes are added, and after the tellurium bismuth ore and ferrotitanium are melted, metallic aluminum accounting for 0.12% of the mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace is added, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 3.97% C, 1.84% Si, 1.35% Mn, 5.63% Ti, 0.49% Bi, 0.63 %Te, 0.069%Al, 0.110%S, 0.044%P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.25%; finally, the molten steel is discharged from the furnace into the ladle, and after the ultra-high carbon steel molten steel has all entered the ladle, the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is fed into the molten steel by a wire feeder, and the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is inserted into the lower part of the molten steel in the ladle, and the head of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is 50mm away from the bottom of the ladle; the chemical composition and mass fraction of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire are: 19.62%Ti, 2.88%Ce, 18.68%Si, 7.17%K, 4.51%Ca, 5.17%Zn, the remainder is Fe and inevitable impurities; the diameter of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire The amount of titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire added accounts for 0.70% of the mass fraction of the molten steel entering the ladle; after the ultra-high carbon molten steel in the ladle is deslagging and standing, when the temperature drops to 1486° C., the high carbon molten steel with a temperature of up to 1628° C. to be discharged from the furnace after deslagging in step ① is directly injected into the ladle, and the mass ratio of the high carbon molten steel to the ultra-high carbon molten steel is 83% and 17%;

[0036] ③ When the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle drops to 1513℃, it is poured into the tubular continuous casting crystallizer on the continuous casting machine, and the molten steel in the crystallizer is electromagnetically stirred during the continuous casting process to obtain a wear-resistant steel round bar with a diameter of φ115mm. The electromagnetic stirring current is 360A, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 4.5Hz; the continuous casting machine pulling speed is 0.70m / min; the wear-resistant steel round bar with a diameter of φ115mm is heated to 1100℃ in a walking natural gas heating furnace, and after keeping warm for 50 minutes, it is rolled through a skew rolling mill to be rolled into a φ120mm steel ball;

[0037] ④ When the surface temperature of the steel ball rolled in step ③ drops to 910-930℃, the steel ball is quenched and cooled in a water glass quenching liquid at a temperature of 45℃ for 12 minutes; the water glass quenching liquid is composed of 22% water glass by mass and 78% water by mass, and the total mass of water glass and water is 100%; then the steel ball is taken out of the water glass quenching liquid, and kept in a tempering furnace at a temperature of 260℃ for 16 hours, cooled in the furnace to a temperature below 150℃, and air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace, and a high carbon wear-resistant steel ball can be obtained. The mechanical properties of the steel ball are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Embodiment 3:

[0039] A high-carbon wear-resistant steel ball and a preparation method thereof, wherein two electric furnaces are used to melt high-carbon steel liquid and ultra-high-carbon steel liquid respectively, and the specific preparation process steps are:

[0040] ① Use two medium frequency induction furnaces to melt high carbon steel and ultra high carbon steel respectively; first use scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferroboron and metal aluminum as raw materials in the first medium frequency induction furnace to melt high carbon steel; firstly, mix and heat the scrap steel, carburizer and ferrochrome in the medium frequency induction furnace to melt, and then add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferroboron in turn after the molten steel is melted, and heat the molten steel in the furnace to 1622℃, and then add the molten steel in the furnace. The mass fraction of the molten steel is 0.13% of aluminum, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 0.87% C, 0.94% Si, 0.89% Mn, 1.01% Cr, 0.073% B, 0.056% Al, 0.033% S, 0.030% P, and the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, and the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.15%; the high carbon steel molten steel is removed from the furnace after slagging;

[0041] ② Then, in another medium frequency induction furnace, scrap steel, carburizer, metallic aluminum, ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium, ferromanganese and tellurium bismuth ore are used as raw materials to smelt ultra-high carbon steel liquid; first, the scrap steel and the carburizer are mixed and heated to melt in the medium frequency induction furnace, and after the molten steel is melted, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are added in sequence, and the molten steel is heated to 1618°C, and then tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 320°C for 140 minutes and ferrotitanium preheated at 780°C for 130 minutes are added. After the tellurium bismuth ore and ferrotitanium are melted, metallic aluminum accounting for 0.11% of the mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace is added, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 3.88% C, 1.95% Si, 1.26% Mn, 5.80% Ti, 0.43% Bi, 0.58 %Te, 0.056%Al, 0.094%S, 0.042%P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.25%; finally, the molten steel is discharged from the furnace into the ladle, and after the ultra-high carbon steel molten steel has all entered the ladle, the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is fed into the molten steel by a wire feeder, and the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is inserted into the lower part of the molten steel in the ladle, and the head of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is 40mm away from the bottom of the ladle; the chemical composition and mass fraction of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire are: 18.87%Ti, 2.95%Ce, 17.90%Si, 7.56%K, 4.21%Ca, 5.55%Zn, the remainder is Fe and inevitable impurities; the diameter of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire The amount of titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire added accounts for 0.68% of the mass fraction of the molten steel entering the ladle; after the ultra-high carbon molten steel in the ladle is deslagging and standing, when the temperature drops to 1469° C., the high carbon molten steel with a temperature of up to 1622° C. to be discharged from the furnace after deslagging in step ① is directly injected into the ladle, and the mass ratio of the high carbon molten steel to the ultra-high carbon molten steel is 82.5% and 17.5%;

[0042] ③ When the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle drops to 1506℃, it is poured into the tubular continuous casting crystallizer on the continuous casting machine, and the molten steel in the crystallizer is electromagnetically stirred during the continuous casting process to obtain a wear-resistant steel round bar with a diameter of φ100mm. The electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 4.0Hz; the continuous casting machine pulling speed is 0.68m / min; the wear-resistant steel round bar with a diameter of φ100mm is heated to 1080℃ in a walking natural gas heating furnace, and after keeping warm for 55 minutes, it is rolled through a skew rolling mill to be rolled into a φ105mm steel ball;

[0043] ④ When the surface temperature of the steel ball rolled in step ③ drops to 890-910℃, the steel ball is quenched and cooled in a water glass quenching liquid at a temperature of 39℃ for 11 minutes; the water glass quenching liquid is composed of 24% water glass by mass and 76% water by mass, and the total mass of water glass and water is 100%; then the steel ball is taken out of the water glass quenching liquid, and kept in a tempering furnace at a temperature of 250℃ for 17 hours, cooled in the furnace to a temperature below 150℃, and air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace, and a high carbon wear-resistant steel ball can be obtained. The mechanical properties of the steel ball are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1 Mechanical properties of steel balls

[0045]

[0046] The high carbon wear-resistant steel balls of the present invention use cheap scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron and metallic aluminum as main raw materials, do not contain expensive alloy elements such as expensive molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, niobium, vanadium, etc., and have low production costs. The present invention adopts a tubular continuous casting crystallizer to directly cast wear-resistant steel round bars, and after heating and heat preservation treatment, adopts an oblique rolling mill to directly roll them into steel balls, with high production efficiency and good surface quality of the steel balls. The high carbon wear-resistant steel balls of the present invention also adopt water glass quenching liquid for quenching and cooling, which is low in cost and does not pollute the environment. The high carbon wear-resistant steel balls of the present invention contain TiC with high hardness and fine particle size and firmly combined with the metal matrix, which significantly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the steel balls. The surface hardness of the steel balls of the present invention is greater than 63HRC, the core hardness is greater than 61HRC, and the impact toughness is greater than 18J / cm 2 . An MLD-10 impact abrasive wear tester was used to simulate the use conditions of steel balls, and ordinary forged steel balls made of 65Mn were selected as comparative samples to investigate the impact abrasive wear performance of the high carbon wear-resistant steel balls of the present invention. The size of the wear sample is 10mm×10mm×30mm, the abrasive particle size is quartz sand of 800-1200μm, the impact work is set to 3.0J, the lower sample speed is 200r / min, and the abrasive flow rate is 1.5kg / min. The wear time is 2 hours. The results show that under the same wear conditions, the wear rate of the high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention is 70-75% lower than that of the 65Mn ordinary forged steel ball. The high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention is used to grind gold ore in a semi-autogenous mill with a diameter of more than 10 meters, and the ball consumption is reduced by more than 50% compared with the 65Mn ordinary forged steel ball. The promotion and application of the high carbon wear-resistant steel ball of the present invention has good economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high carbon wear-resistant steel ball. It is characterized in that The specific preparation process steps include the following: ① Use two medium frequency induction furnaces to melt high carbon steel and ultra high carbon steel respectively; first use scrap steel, carburizer, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferroboron and aluminum as raw materials in the first medium frequency induction furnace to melt high carbon steel; firstly, mix and heat the scrap steel, carburizer and ferrochrome in the medium frequency induction furnace to melt, and then add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferroboron in turn after the molten steel is melted, and heat the molten steel in the furnace to 1613-1628℃, and then add 0.12-0.15% of the mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace. Metal aluminum, and control the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace to 0.81-0.89% C, 0.88-1.05% Si, 0.84-0.97% Mn, 0.88-1.04% Cr, 0.052-0.087% B, 0.032-0.067% Al, <0.035% S, <0.040% P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.15%; high carbon steel molten steel is removed from the furnace after slagging; ② Then, in another medium frequency induction furnace, scrap steel, carburizer, aluminum, ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium, ferromanganese and tellurium bismuth ore are used as raw materials to smelt ultra-high carbon steel liquid; first, the scrap steel and carburizer are mixed and heated to melt in the medium frequency induction furnace, and then ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are added in sequence after the molten steel is melted, and the molten steel is heated to 1601-1626℃, and then the tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 300-350℃ for 120-150 minutes and the tellurium bismuth ore preheated at 75 After the titanium iron, tellurium bismuth ore and titanium iron are preheated at 0-800℃ for 120-150 minutes and melted, 0.10-0.12% of metal aluminum is added to the molten steel in the furnace, and the chemical composition and mass fraction of the molten steel in the furnace are controlled at 3.84-3.97% C, 1.84-1.99% Si, 1.17-1.35% Mn, 5.63-5.95% Ti, 0.38-0.49% Bi, 0. 51-0.63%Te, 0.040-0.069%Al, <0.12%S, <0.050%P, the remainder is Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, and the total amount of impurity elements is less than 0.25%; finally, the molten steel is discharged from the furnace into the ladle. After the ultra-high carbon steel molten steel has all entered the ladle, the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is fed into the molten steel by a wire feeder, and the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is inserted into the lower part of the molten steel in the ladle, and the head of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire is 30-50mm away from the bottom of the ladle; the chemical composition and mass fraction of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire are: 18.75-19.62%Ti, 2.88-3.13%Ce, 17.40-18.68%Si, 7.17-7.62%K, 3.98-4.51%Ca, 5.17-5.63%Zn, the remainder is Fe and inevitable impurities; the diameter of the titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire The amount of titanium-containing multi-element alloy wire added accounts for 0.65-0.70% of the mass fraction of the molten steel entering the ladle; after the ultra-high carbon molten steel in the ladle is deslagging and standing, when the temperature drops to 1460-1486° C., the high carbon molten steel with a temperature of up to 1613-1628° C. to be discharged from the furnace after deslagging in step ① is directly injected into the ladle, and the mass ratio of the high carbon molten steel to the ultra-high carbon molten steel is 82-83% and 17-18%, and the sum of the two is 100%; ③ When the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle drops to 1495-1513℃, pour it into the tubular continuous casting crystallizer on the continuous casting machine, and electromagnetically stir the molten steel in the crystallizer during the continuous casting process to obtain wear-resistant steel cylindrical bars with a diameter of φ80-115mm. The electromagnetic stirring current is 340-360A, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 3.5-4.5Hz; the continuous casting machine pulling speed is 0.65-0.70m / min; the wear-resistant steel cylindrical bars with a diameter of φ80-115mm are heated to 1050-1100℃ in a walking natural gas heating furnace, and after keeping warm for 50-60 minutes, they are rolled through a skew rolling mill to be rolled into steel balls with a diameter of φ84-120mm; ④ When the surface temperature of the steel ball rolled in step ③ drops to 880-930°C, the steel ball is quenched and cooled in a water glass quenching liquid at a temperature of 32-45°C for 10-12 minutes; then the steel ball is taken out of the water glass quenching liquid, and kept in a tempering furnace at a temperature of 230-260°C for 16-18 hours, the furnace is cooled to a temperature below 150°C, and the steel ball is air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace to obtain a high carbon wear-resistant steel ball.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The water glass quenching liquid consists of 22-25% by mass of water glass and 75-78% by mass of water, and the total mass of the water glass and the water is 100%.

3. A high carbon wear-resistant steel ball prepared according to the method described in any one of claims 1 or 2.

4. Use of the high carbon wear-resistant steel balls prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 or 2 as grinding balls for mills.

Images