Elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensing yarn and spinning method and device thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an elastic skin-friendly heat-insulation fire-resistant sensing yarn and a spinning method and device thereof.The yarn is obtained by installing a wrapping spinning device on a ring spinning frame for spinning, and the yarn is of a multi-layer structure; the elastic core yarn, the heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, the conductive fiber wrapping layer and the flame-retardant short fiber wrapping layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the core yarn rotates under the twisting effect, and then the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments, the conductive fiber filaments and the flame-retardant short fiber strands are driven to revolve around the core yarn for wrapping; due to the fact that the elastic fibers are adopted as the core yarn, the elastic fibers have the good tensile property, meanwhile, the heat-insulation inorganic fiber filaments and the conductive fiber filaments can provide the heat-insulation, flame-retardant and conductive functions, and the flame-retardant short fibers on the outermost layer have the skin-friendly and flame-retardant effects. The elastic high-temperature-resistant sensing yarn solves the problem that elastic high-temperature-resistant sensing yarn lacks at present, and the elastic high-temperature-resistant sensing yarn can be applied to the fields of fire rescue, aerospace military industry and the like in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spinning, and in particular to an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn and a spinning method and device thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development and progress of the textile industry, smart textiles have become a research hotspot. The research on sensor yarns is the basis of smart textiles. At present, common sensor yarns are generally prepared by physically combining conductive metal wires with traditional yarns, or by coating conductive materials on traditional yarns by dipping and coating. Sensor yarns can respond to external stimuli such as force, heat, light, etc., and can be used in the preparation of various flexible sensors. In particular, yarn-based flexible sensors with high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance, high elasticity and skin-friendly sensing functions have significant advantages in fire rescue, deep space operations, outdoor lifesaving, and high-rise fire escape. However, inorganic fiber raw materials with high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance are difficult to achieve high elasticity and sensing; similarly, organic materials with high elasticity are not fire-resistant, and organic or inorganic materials with sensing performance are thermally conductive and electrically conductive, and it is difficult to achieve high-temperature fire resistance. Therefore, the large-scale production of yarn-based flexible sensors with high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance, high elasticity and skin-friendly sensing functions is difficult and challenging.

[0003] The patent with the publication number CN109183226A discloses a high-performance conductive yarn, which is made of carbon nanotube aerosol twist spinning to form a carbon nanotube base line, a polyvinyl alcohol coating is coated on the outside of the carbon nanotube base line, an aramid fiber layer is wrapped on the outside of the polyvinyl alcohol coating by an electrostatic spinning process, the aramid fiber layer is made of aramid fiber, the aramid fiber layer and the carbon nanotube base line form a skin-core structure, and a vinylon fiber layer is coated on the outside of the aramid fiber layer, and the vinylon fiber layer is spirally wrapped on the outside of the aramid fiber layer by vinylon staple fibers through a vortex spinning process. The yarn of the invention has the advantages of uniform yarn, less surface hairiness, high tensile strength, good spinnability, high conductivity, and good wear resistance, but due to its complex preparation process, it is difficult to achieve large-scale production, which greatly limits its application in the field of smart textiles. At the same time, carbon nanotubes are thermally conductive and electrically conductive materials, which are difficult to insulate and fireproof; the entire yarn does not have elastic characteristics, and cannot meet the high elastic deformation energy absorption and large deformation sensing effects.

[0004] The patent with publication number CN117309007A discloses a high temperature resistant yarn-based sensor and its preparation method and application. The single-walled carbon nanotube solution is evenly attached to the roving by impregnation and drying to obtain a conductive roving, and the conductive roving is spun into an electrode core yarn by ring spinning; the heat-insulating fiber is wrapped on the surface of the electrode core yarn by friction spinning to obtain a high temperature resistant sensing composite yarn; two high temperature resistant sensing composite yarns are fixed on the fabric substrate by a sewing machine to form a sewing structure to obtain a high temperature resistant yarn-based sensor. The core-sheath structure design is adopted to accurately control the distribution of heat-resistant fibers in the cross section, thereby eliminating the sensor error caused by high temperature, and having the function of resisting temperature interference. The sewing structure maintains the stability and durability of the sensor, and can have both washability and wear resistance to meet the needs of wearable devices. However, the carbon nanotubes used in the high temperature resistant sensing yarn have heat-insulating and conductive properties, and do not have good flexibility and high elasticity, which limits its application in flexible high temperature resistant sensing textiles.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensing yarn and its spinning method and device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present application provides an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn and a spinning method and device thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems that the current high-temperature resistant sensing yarn lacks elasticity and has limited application.

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, fire-resistant sensing yarn, which comprises, from the inside to the outside, an elastic core wire, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer, and a flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer; the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments in the heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer and the conductive fiber filaments in the conductive fiber wrapping layer are both spirally wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire, and the flame-retardant staple fibers in the flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer are twisted and wrapped around the outermost layer in an interlocking manner.

[0008] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the elastic core wire provides elasticity and resilience to the yarn, so that the yarn can adapt to different stretching and compression conditions, increase wearing comfort, and maintain the structural stability of the sensing yarn. The insulating inorganic fiber has excellent thermal insulation performance, which can effectively block high temperature transmission and improve the high temperature resistance of the yarn. The conductive fiber can provide excellent conductive sensing performance. The outermost layer of flame-retardant staple fibers provides protection and skin-friendly functions. The spiral winding structure of the insulating inorganic fiber filaments and the conductive fiber filaments enhances the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the yarn, enabling it to withstand greater physical stress without being easily damaged. The twisting and bonding of the flame-retardant staple fibers enhances the structural integrity and durability of the outermost layer of the yarn. The composite structure yarn overcomes the difficulties in spinning rigid fibers and the problems of poor elastic elongation in the past.

[0009] In some embodiments, the elastic core yarn is one of spandex filament, silicone filament and latex filament. The fineness of the elastic core yarn is 100-1000D.

[0010] In this embodiment, the selected elastic core yarn material ensures that the yarn can quickly recover to its original shape after being stretched and compressed, providing good elasticity. The appropriate fineness makes the yarn softer, reduces friction when in contact with the skin, and improves wearing comfort.

[0011] In some embodiments, the linear density of the insulating inorganic fiber is 4.5-50 tex, and the insulating inorganic fiber is basalt fiber or glass fiber; the linear density of the conductive fiber is 4.5-50 tex, and the conductive fiber is one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber and metal fiber.

[0012] In this embodiment, basalt and carbon fibers with higher linear densities generally have higher strength and modulus, which helps improve the overall mechanical properties of the yarn. Thicker fibers may provide better thermal insulation and wear resistance, suitable for high temperature and abrasive environments. Finer fibers provide better flexibility, making the yarn easier to weave or braid into complex shapes. By selecting basalt and carbon fibers with different linear densities, the yarn can be customized to meet the needs of specific applications.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flame retardant staple fiber is one or more of aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, flame retardant nylon and flame retardant viscose.

[0014] In this embodiment, the use of flame-retardant staple fibers significantly improves the flame-retardant properties of the yarn, making the yarn less susceptible to damage when exposed to fire, and maintaining its structural and functional integrity.

[0015] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spinning device for elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarns, comprising a wrapping spinning device arranged between the jaws of the front roller of the spun yarn and the spun yarn guide hook; the wrapping spinning device comprises a core yarn feeding roller and a guide wheel, the core yarn feeding roller is connected to the core yarn self-twisting channel, a filament and staple fiber feeding channel is arranged between the core yarn feeding roller and the guide wheel, and the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments, conductive fiber filaments, and flame-retardant fiber strips are arranged from right to left from the jaws of the front roller and output and wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire.

[0016] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by installing the device on the ring spinning frame, the elastic core wire is fed from the core yarn self-twisting channel on the device, and at the same time, the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments, conductive fiber filaments and flame-retardant staple fiber strips are sequentially wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire, thereby achieving orderly arrangement and wrapping of different fibers to form a stretchable and high-temperature resistant composite structure sensing yarn.

[0017] In some embodiments, the angle between the connecting line of the core yarn feeding roller and the yarn guide wheel and the horizontal direction is 30° to 60°.

[0018] In this embodiment, by controlling the angle, the structure of the yarn can be optimized to ensure the uniformity and tightness of the fiber wrapping. The appropriate angle helps to improve the performance of the yarn and meet the needs of specific applications. The adjustment of the angle can be achieved through automated control to improve production efficiency and consistency of product quality.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present application provides a spinning method for an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensor yarn, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, unwinding the elastic core yarn from the bobbin, feeding it from the core yarn channel of the wrapping spinning device, and winding it onto the spun yarn tube through the yarn guide hook;

[0021] S2, unwinding the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments and the conductive fiber filaments from the bobbin, outputting them from the front roller jaws through the guide wheel, feeding the output filaments from the filament feeding channel of the wrapping spinning device, and wrapping them on the surface of the core wire under the self-twisting action of the core wire;

[0022] S3. Unwind the flame-retardant staple fibers, feed them from the bell mouth, and pass through the drafting of the rear roller, middle roller and front roller in sequence, and output from the jaws of the front roller in the form of fiber strips. The output staple fiber strips are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device, and are spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn driven by the self-twisting of the core yarn; the yarn wrapped and coated with filaments and staple fibers passes through the yarn guide hook, and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube driven by the rotation of the spun yarn tube to obtain elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn.

[0023] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a composite structure of the yarn is achieved by stacking and wrapping different fibers, providing various properties such as elasticity, heat insulation, fire resistance and sensing. By precisely controlling the unwinding, feeding and wrapping process of each fiber, the final performance of the yarn can be optimized to meet the needs of specific applications. This method can achieve one-step molding during spinning, avoiding the repeated operation of winding on the machine multiple times, and realizing the spinning of composite structure yarn with short process and high efficiency.

[0024] In some embodiments, the output speed of the yarn is 1-20 m / min, the twist is 30-60 T / m, the rotation speed of the front roller is 500-3000 r / min, the rotation speed of the middle roller is 200-1000 r / min, the rotation speed of the back roller is 100-600 r / min, and the roving drafting multiple is 10-50 times.

[0025] In this embodiment, the consistency of yarn quality can be ensured by controlling the output speed and twist, the rotation speed of the front roller, the middle roller and the back roller, and the roving draft multiple. According to different application requirements, the parameters can be adjusted to optimize the yarn properties such as strength, elasticity, durability and comfort.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a spinning device for the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the spinning process of the elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flame retardant test diagram of the elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a resistance test chart of the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn prepared in Example 1 of the present application.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 100. Wrapping spinning device; 101. Elastic core yarn; 102. Core yarn feeding roller; 103. Yarn guide wheel; 104. Yarn guide hook; 105. Heat-insulating inorganic fiber filament; 106. Conductive fiber filament; 107. Flame-retardant fiber whisker; 201. Yarn guide wheel; 202. Front roller jaws; 203. Flame-retardant staple fibers; 204. Bell mouth; 205. Back roller; 206. Middle roller; 207. Spun yarn tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Existing sensing yarns made by combining conductive materials such as conductive metal wires or carbon nanotubes with traditional yarns or by coating them have sensing functions, but it is difficult to achieve high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance at the same time. Inorganic fiber materials with high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance, such as basalt fiber and carbon fiber, usually do not have high elasticity and skin-friendliness, while organic materials with high elasticity, such as spandex and silicone fiber, are difficult to achieve high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance.

[0043] In order to solve the technical problems of lack of elasticity and limited application of high-temperature resistant sensing yarn, the present application provides an elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn and its spinning method and device, wherein a yarn with a multi-layer structure is obtained by installing a wrapping spinning device 100 on a ring spinning frame for spinning, and from the inside to the outside, there are an elastic core yarn 101, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer and a flame-retardant short fiber coating layer; since elastic fiber is used as the core yarn, it has good tensile properties, and at the same time, the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 and the conductive fiber filaments 106 can provide heat-insulating, flame-retardant and conductive functions, and the outermost flame-retardant short fiber 203 plays a skin-friendly and flame-retardant role.

[0044] In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn, which comprises, from the inside to the outside, an elastic core wire 101, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer, and a flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer; the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 in the heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer and the conductive fiber filaments 106 in the conductive fiber wrapping layer are both spirally wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire 101, and the flame-retardant staple fibers 203 in the flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer are twisted and mutually embraced and wound around the outermost layer.

[0045] As the central part of the yarn, the elastic core wire 101 provides elasticity and resilience to the yarn. The insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 have excellent thermal insulation properties and are wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire 101 in a spiral winding manner, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation properties of the yarn. The conductive fiber filaments 106 are also wrapped around the outside of the wrapping layer of the insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 in a spiral winding manner. The high strength and heat resistance of the conductive fibers further enhance the physical properties of the yarn. At the same time, the conductive fibers can also provide excellent conductive sensing properties. The flame retardant short fibers 203 are twisted and wrapped around the outermost layer in an interlocking manner, which not only improves the flame retardant properties of the yarn, but also enhances the wear resistance and durability of the yarn.

[0046] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the elastic core filament 101 is one of spandex filament, silicone filament and latex filament; the fineness of the elastic core filament 101 is 100~1000D; the linear density of the thermal insulation inorganic fiber filament 105 is 4.5~50tex; the thermal insulation inorganic fiber is basalt fiber or glass fiber; the linear density of the conductive fiber filament 106 is 4.5~50tex; the conductive fiber is one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber and metal fiber, and the metal fiber is nickel-plated fiber, copper fiber, aluminum fiber or silver fiber; the flame retardant short fiber 203 is one or more of aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, flame retardant nylon and flame retardant viscose.

[0047] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, selecting appropriate elastic core yarn 101 and flame-retardant staple fiber 203 can ensure that the yarn has the required elastic properties and flame-retardant properties; controlling the fineness range and linear density can make the yarn have a certain softness and strength, optimizing the final performance of the yarn.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a spinning device for elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensor yarn, including a wrapping spinning device 100 arranged between the front roller jaws 202 of the spun yarn and the spun yarn guide hook 104; the device is provided with a core yarn self-twisting channel and a filament staple fiber feeding channel, and the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105, the conductive fiber filaments 106 and the flame-retardant fiber strips 107 are arranged from right to left from the front roller jaws 202 and output and wrapped around the surface of the elastic core yarn 101.

[0049] The device is located between the front roller jaws 202 of the spun yarn and the spun yarn guide hook 104, and includes a core yarn feeding roller 102 and a yarn guide wheel 103. The core yarn feeding roller 102 is connected to the core yarn self-twisting channel. A filament staple fiber feeding channel is provided between the core yarn feeding roller 102 and the yarn guide wheel 103, and is used to wrap the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105, the conductive fiber filaments 106 and the flame-retardant fiber whiskers 107 on the surface of the elastic core wire 101. The design of this device arranges different types of fibers in an orderly manner and wraps them on the elastic core wire 101, thereby forming a yarn with composite properties.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 30° to 60°.

[0051] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the angle between the connecting line of the core yarn feeding roller 102 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction will affect the wrapping effect of the fiber on the surface of the elastic core wire 101, and further affect the final performance of the yarn. The appropriate angle can help the fiber to be better wrapped on the surface of the elastic core wire 101, forming a uniform yarn structure, thereby improving the performance of the yarn.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 2 In a third aspect, the present application provides a spinning method for elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensor yarn, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1, unwinding the elastic core yarn 101 from the bobbin, feeding it from the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapping spinning device 100, and winding it onto the spun yarn tube 207 through the yarn guide hook 104;

[0054] S2, unwinding the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 and the conductive fiber filaments 106 from the bobbin, outputting them from the front roller jaws 202 through the guide wheel 201, feeding the output filaments from the filament feeding channel of the wrapping spinning device 100, and wrapping them on the surface of the core filaments under the self-twisting action of the core filaments;

[0055] S3. The flame-retardant staple fiber 203 is unwound and fed from the bell mouth 204. It is stretched by the rear roller 205, the middle roller 206 and the front roller in sequence and output from the front roller jaws 202 in the form of flame-retardant fiber strips 107. The output staple fiber strips are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device 100 and are spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn under the self-twisting of the core yarn. The yarn wrapped and coated with filaments and staple fibers passes through the yarn guide hook 104 and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube under the rotation of the spun yarn tube 207 to obtain elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn.

[0056] Through different fiber stacking and wrapping, the composite structure of the yarn is achieved, giving the yarn elasticity, heat insulation, fire resistance and sensing functions.

[0057] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the output speed of the yarn is 1-20 m / min, the twist is 30-60 T / m; the rotation speed of the front roller is 500-3000 r / min, the rotation speed of the middle roller 206 is 200-1000 r / min, the rotation speed of the rear roller 205 is 100-600 r / min, and the roving drafting multiple is 10-50 times.

[0058] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by precisely controlling the output speed, twist of the yarn, and the rotation speed and draft ratio of the rollers, the yarn can have the required strength and elasticity while also maintaining the softness and comfort of the yarn.

[0059] Some specific embodiments are listed below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. If specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this area or the product specifications are used. The reagents or instruments used without specifying the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0060] 1. Preparation method

[0061] Example 1

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensor yarn, wherein the elastic core yarn 101 has a fineness of 600 denier, the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 are basalt filaments with a linear density of 18.5 tex, the conductive fiber filaments 106 are carbon fiber filaments with a linear density of 18.5 tex, and the flame-retardant short fiber 203 is made of polyimide fiber with a coarse yarn linear density of 600 tex, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1, after the elastic core yarn 101 is unwound from the bobbin, it passes through the tension plate, is fed from the core yarn channel of the wrapping spinning device 100, and is wound onto the spun yarn tube 207 through the yarn guide hook 104;

[0064] S2, unwinding the basalt filaments and the carbon fiber filaments from the bobbin, and then outputting them from the front roller jaws 202 through the guide wheel 201, and the output filaments are fed from the filament feeding channel of the wrapping spinning device 100, and are wrapped around the surface of the core wire under the self-twisting action of the core wire;

[0065] S3. After the flame-retardant staple fiber 203 is unwound, it is fed from the bell mouth 204, and is successively stretched by the rear roller 205, the middle roller 206 and the front roller, and is output from the front roller jaws 202 in the form of fiber strips. The output flame-retardant fiber strips 107 are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device 100, and are spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn under the self-twisting of the core yarn; the yarn wrapped and coated with the filament and staple fiber passes through the yarn guide hook 104, and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube under the rotation of the spun yarn tube 207, thereby preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn.

[0066] The angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 and the yarn guide wheel 103 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the horizontal direction is 60°; the yarn output speed is 10m / min, the yarn twist is 40T / m, the front roller speed is 3000r / min, the middle roller 206 speed is 1000r / min, the rear roller 205 speed is 100r / min, and the roving drafting multiple is 30 times.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference lies in that the elastic core yarn 101 has a fineness of 300 denier, the basalt filament line density is 9.1tex, the carbon fiber filament line density is 9.1tex, and the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 30°. The rest is substantially the same as Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a method for preparing elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 40°, and the rest is roughly the same as Example 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 45°, and the rest is roughly the same as Example 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for preparing elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 50°, and the rest is roughly the same as Example 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] Comparative Example 1 provides a method for preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the basalt filaments and the carbon fiber filaments are not wrapped, and the flame-retardant short fibers 203 are directly coated on the surface of the elastic core yarn 101 through the wrapping spinning device 100. The other spinning parameters are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] Comparative Example 2 provides a method for preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the carbon fiber filaments are not wrapped, and the basalt filaments and the flame-retardant short fibers 203 are directly wrapped and coated on the elastic core yarn 101. The other spinning parameters are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] Comparative Example 3 provides a method for preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the basalt filaments are not wrapped, and the carbon fiber filaments and the flame-retardant short fibers 203 are directly wrapped and coated on the elastic core yarn 101. The other spinning parameters are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0081] 2. Test Method

[0082] 1. Strength and elongation at break test

[0083] Test method: Clamp the yarn vertically at both ends on the tensile tester, start stretching until the yarn breaks completely, and test the yarn strength and elongation at break. Test instrument: Instron tensile tester, stretching speed: 100mm / min, clamping length: 100mm, ambient temperature: 25℃, ambient humidity: 50%.

[0084] 2. Flame retardant performance test

[0085] Test method: Figure 3 As shown, use an iron stand to clamp the test yarn sample horizontally, use the flame of an alcohol lamp to continuously burn the yarn sample until it burns and breaks, and calculate the time from the beginning of burning to the burning and breaking, which is the flame retardant time of the yarn sample. Test equipment: iron stand, alcohol lamp, clamping length: 100mm, flame temperature: 500-600℃, ambient temperature: 25℃, ambient humidity: 50%.

[0086] 3. Resistance test

[0087] Test method: Figure 4 As shown, a multimeter is used to connect the two ends of the sensing yarn, and the resistance range of the multimeter is adjusted to test the resistance value of the sensing yarn. Test instrument: multimeter, clamping length: 100mm, ambient temperature: 25℃, ambient humidity: 50%.

[0088] The test results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0089] Table 1 Test results of yarn properties prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0090]

[0091] Table 2 Yarn performance test results prepared in Examples 2 to 5

[0092]

[0093] III. Analysis of test results of various embodiments and comparative examples

[0094] It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating, fire-resistant sensing yarn prepared in Example 1 has high strength, good elongation, the best flame retardant properties and good conductivity. Overall, the yarn prepared in Example 1 has better comprehensive performance and can meet the requirements of yarn for elasticity, flame retardancy and sensing.

[0095] It can be seen from Table 2 that Examples 2 to 5 all have good strength, elasticity, flame retardancy and conductivity. As the angle of the spinning device gradually increases, the elasticity of the yarn gradually increases and the flame retardancy gradually improves. The main reason is that the small-angle wrapping causes the wrapping angle of the rigid filaments to become smaller, and the tensile length thereof decreases. At the same time, due to the decrease in the angle of the filaments, the gap between the elastic core yarn and the wrapping filaments becomes larger, resulting in a decrease in flame retardancy.

[0096] In summary, the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensing yarn provided by the present application has a multi-layer composite structure, which is composed of an elastic core yarn 101, a basalt filament wrapping layer, a carbon fiber wrapping layer, and a flame-retardant short fiber coating layer from the inside to the outside; wherein the basalt fiber and the carbon fiber are both wrapped in a spiral winding manner on the surface of the elastic filament, and the flame-retardant short fiber 203 is twisted and mutually wrapped on the outermost layer. The spinning device is provided with a core yarn self-twisting channel and a filament feeding channel, and the angle of the filament and short fiber wrapping can be changed by changing the angle at the intersection of the two channels. The yarn preparation method provided by the present invention installs a spinning device on a ring spinning frame, twists the elastic core yarn under the action of the rotation of the spinning spindle, and drives the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105, the conductive fiber filaments 106 and the flame-retardant fiber whiskers 107 to be wrapped. The wrapping process of the three components can be completed in one step, with a short process and high efficiency, which overcomes the difficulties in spinning rigid fibers and the problems of poor elastic elongation in the past. At the same time, basalt fibers have excellent heat-insulating and flame-retardant effects, which improves the high temperature resistance of the yarn. Carbon fibers can provide excellent conductive sensing properties. The outermost flame-retardant staple fibers 203 provide protection and skin-friendly functions.

[0097] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments having the same structure as the technical idea and exerting the same effect within the scope of the technical solution of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the main purpose of the present application, various modifications that can be thought of by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and other methods of combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn, characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, it includes an elastic core wire, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer and a flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer; the heat-insulating inorganic fibers in the heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer and the conductive fibers in the conductive fiber wrapping layer are both spirally wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire, and the flame-retardant staple fibers in the flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer are twisted and mutually wrapped around the outermost layer.

2. The elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic core filament is one of spandex filament, silicone filament and latex filament.

3. The elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fineness of the elastic core wire is 100-1000D.

4. The elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear density of the thermal insulation inorganic fiber is 4.5-50 tex, and the thermal insulation inorganic fiber is basalt fiber or glass fiber; And / or, the linear density of the conductive fiber is 4.5-50 tex, and the conductive fiber is one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber and metal fiber.

5. The elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant short fibers are one or more of aramid fibers, polyimide fibers, flame retardant nylon and flame retardant viscose.

6. A spinning device for the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensor yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes a wrapping spinning device arranged between the jaws of the front roller of the spun yarn and the spun yarn guide hook; the wrapping spinning device includes a core yarn feeding roller and a guide wheel, the core yarn feeding roller is connected to the core yarn self-twisting channel, a filament staple fiber feeding channel is arranged between the core yarn feeding roller and the guide wheel, and the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments, conductive fiber filaments and flame-retardant fiber strips are arranged from right to left in sequence from the jaws of the front roller and output and wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire.

7. The spinning device of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The angle between the connecting line of the core yarn feeding roller and the yarn guide wheel and the horizontal direction is 30° to 60°.

8. A spinning method for the elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating, fire-resistant sensor yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 5, using the spinning device according to claim 6 or claim 7 for spinning, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, unwinding the elastic core yarn from the bobbin, feeding it from the core yarn channel of the wrapping spinning device, and winding it onto the spun yarn tube through the yarn guide hook; S2, unwinding the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments and the conductive fiber filaments from the bobbin, outputting them from the front roller jaws through the guide wheel, feeding the output filaments from the filament feeding channel of the wrapping spinning device, and wrapping them on the surface of the core wire under the self-twisting action of the core wire; S3. Unwind the flame-retardant staple fibers, feed them from the bell mouth, and pass through the drafting of the rear roller, middle roller and front roller in sequence, and output from the jaws of the front roller in the form of fiber strips. The output staple fiber strips are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device, and are spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn driven by the self-twisting of the core yarn; the yarn wrapped and coated with filaments and staple fibers passes through the yarn guide hook, and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube driven by the rotation of the spun yarn tube to obtain elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn.

9. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output speed of the yarn is 1-20 m / min, and the twist is 30-60 T / m.

10. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the front roller is 500-3000 r / min, the rotation speed of the middle roller is 200-1000 r / min, the rotation speed of the rear roller is 100-600 r / min, and the roving drafting multiple is 10-50 times.

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