Assembled bridge structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a spliced bridge structure and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, the spliced bridge structure comprises a prefabricated bridge deck, a prefabricated bearing beam and a prefabricated pier, the prefabricated bridge deck is arranged at the top end of the prefabricated bearing beam, and the prefabricated bearing beam and the prefabricated pier are connected through a bridge bearing detection device. The positioning holes are formed in the bottom end of the prefabricated bridge deck, the positioning pins are arranged at the top end of the prefabricated bearing beam, the prefabricated bridge deck and the prefabricated bearing beam are effectively fixed in an inserted connection mode, and then the prefabricated bearing beam and the prefabricated bridge pier are connected through a plurality of bolts. According to an existing bridge construction method and an existing bridge structure, multiple mechanical mechanisms and hydraulic buffers are used for achieving bridge damping, a pouring forming construction method is adopted, the construction period is long, the size, shape and performance errors are large, and the construction cost is low. And pollutants such as noise, dust, waste water and the like are discharged at the construction site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, and in particular to an assembled bridge structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bridges are basic infrastructure in daily life. They are widely distributed and highly public. Applicability and safety are prerequisites for ensuring that they provide convenience to people. As my country is one of the countries prone to earthquakes, the seismic performance of bridges has become a vital part of bridge design.

[0003] Traditional bridge construction methods have problems such as long construction period, large on-site workload, and serious interference with traffic. In recent years, with the continuous development of prefabricated assembly technology, assembled bridges have gradually become a new and efficient bridge construction method.

[0004] However, the existing invention patent CN 114197293 A, a bridge construction method and a bridge structure, uses a number of mechanical mechanisms and hydraulic buffers to achieve shock absorption of the bridge, and the invention adopts a casting method, which not only has a long construction period, but also has large errors in size, shape and performance, and the construction site is accompanied by the emission of pollutants such as noise, dust and wastewater. Therefore, in view of the above situation, it is urgent to develop an assembled bridge structure and its construction method to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an assembled bridge structure and a construction method thereof, which are used to solve the technical problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses an assembled bridge structure, which is assembled by splicing several groups of bridge components, and a single group of bridge components includes: a prefabricated bridge deck, a prefabricated load-bearing beam and a prefabricated bridge pier. The prefabricated bridge deck is arranged on the top of the prefabricated load-bearing beam, and the prefabricated load-bearing beam and the prefabricated bridge pier are connected by a bridge load-bearing detection device.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of positioning holes are provided at the bottom ends of the front and rear sides of the prefabricated bridge face, and the positioning holes are plugged into a plurality of positioning pins provided at the top ends of the adjacent prefabricated load-bearing beams.

[0008] Preferably, adjacent precast bridge decks are in contact with each other, and adjacent precast bridge decks are connected by pouring concrete.

[0009] Preferably, the bridge load-bearing detection device comprises: a connecting plate 1, the top end of the connecting plate 1 is inserted into the bottom end of the prefabricated load-bearing beam, and the left and right sides of the connecting plate 1 are connected to the bottom end of the prefabricated load-bearing beam by a plurality of bolts 1, a connecting plate 2 is inserted into the inner wall of the bottom end of the through hole provided at the top end of the prefabricated pier, and the connecting plate 2 is connected and fixed to the prefabricated pier by bolts 2, and a plurality of shock-absorbing components are installed between the connecting plate 1 and the connecting plate 2, and a load-bearing detection component is provided between the connecting plate 1 and the connecting plate 2 in the shock-absorbing component.

[0010] Preferably, the load-bearing detection component comprises: a return spring 1, the top of the return spring 1 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of a cavity provided inside the connecting plate 1, and the bottom of the return spring 1 is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, the bottom of the sliding block is fixedly mounted on a connecting rod, two ends of the connecting rod are provided with a sliding groove, and one end of a limit rod is slidably connected to the sliding groove up and down, and the other end of the limit rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the connecting plate 2, the bottom end of the connecting rod is fixedly mounted with a rectangular block, the bottom end of the rectangular block is fixed to the connecting plate 3, and a cavity 2 is provided in the rectangular block, a counter is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the top end of the cavity 2, and a piston is slidably connected to the cavity 2 up and down, a return spring 2 is fixedly mounted between the bottom end of the piston and the inner wall of the cavity 2, the left and right ends of the connecting plate 3 are slidably connected to the T-bar up and down, and the return spring 3 is set on the T-bar at the bottom end of the connecting plate 3, an airbag is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 2 between the T-bars, and the top of the airbag is connected with the cavity 2 provided at the bottom end of the piston through a connecting pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the assembled bridge structure further comprises:

[0012] A first flow velocity sensor, used for detecting the average flow velocity of the river water when it does not touch the bridge pier;

[0013] The second flow velocity sensor is used to detect the average flow velocity of the river water downstream after it contacts the bridge pier;

[0014] A controller and an alarm, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first flow velocity sensor, the second flow velocity sensor and the alarm, and the controller controls the alarm to work based on the first flow velocity sensor and the second flow velocity sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the assembled bridge structure comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: According to formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first flow velocity sensor and the second flow velocity sensor, calculate the maximum waterlogging height H of the bridge:

[0017]

[0018] Where V1 is the detection value of the first flow velocity sensor, V2 is the detection value of the second flow velocity sensor, g is the acceleration of gravity, e is the base of the natural logarithm function, α is the velocity reduction coefficient caused by the scouring of the bridge pier by the water flow, μ is the backwater coefficient, and β is the contraction coefficient of the water-passing area of ​​the bridge pier;

[0019] Step 2: According to the following formula (2), the actual flow rate Q of the river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time is calculated. The controller compares the actual flow rate Q of the river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time with the preset range of the river water flow rate. When the actual flow rate exceeds the preset range of the river water flow rate, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, λ1 is the flow coefficient of river water passing through the inlet and outlet of the bridge pier, λ2 is the water resistance coefficient of the bridge pier to the river water, S is the total water-passing cross-sectional area of ​​the bridge hole, δ is the scouring coefficient of the river water on the bridge pier, and σ is the riverbed particle size coefficient.

[0022] Preferably, a method for constructing an assembled bridge comprises:

[0023] Step 1: Prefabricate multiple prefabricated bridge decks, prefabricated load-bearing beams and prefabricated bridge piers in the factory, transport them to the construction site, and arrange them according to the design requirements;

[0024] Step 2: Fix the bottom end of the prefabricated bridge pier on the preset installation ground, and then connect and fix the bottom end of the bridge load-bearing detection device to the top end of the prefabricated bridge pier;

[0025] Step 3: Connect the prefabricated load-bearing beam to the top of the bridge load-bearing detection device through a lifting device;

[0026] Step 4: Connect several positioning holes at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the prefabricated bridge deck with the positioning pins at the top of the prefabricated load-bearing beam, so as to assemble the bridge components in sequence, and the prefabricated bridge decks after splicing are connected by pouring concrete to form the main structure of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A structural front view provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0030] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of the medium load-bearing detection component;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a top view of the prefabricated load-bearing beam of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of assembling the prefabricated bridge deck of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Prefabricated bridge deck; 2. Prefabricated load-bearing beam; 3. Prefabricated bridge pier; 4. Positioning hole; 5. Positioning pin; 6. Connecting plate 1; 7. Bolt 1; 8. Connecting plate 2; 9. Through hole; 10. Bolt 2; 11. Shock-absorbing assembly; 12. Reset spring 1; 13. Cavity 1; 14. Slider; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Slide groove; 17. Limit rod; 18. Rectangular block; 19. Connecting plate 3; 20. Cavity 2; 21. Counter; 22. Piston; 23. Reset spring 2; 24. T-bar; 25. Reset spring 3; 26. Airbag; 27. Connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0037] The present invention provides the following embodiments

[0038] Example 1

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention provides an assembled bridge structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the assembled bridge structure is assembled by splicing together several groups of bridge components, and a single group of bridge components includes: a prefabricated bridge deck 1, a prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 and a prefabricated bridge pier 3. The prefabricated bridge deck 1 is arranged on the top of the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2, and the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 and the prefabricated bridge pier 3 are connected by a bridge load-bearing detection device.

[0040] Optionally, a plurality of positioning holes 4 are provided at the bottom ends of the front and rear sides of the prefabricated bridge deck 1 , and the positioning holes 4 are plugged into a plurality of positioning pins 5 provided at the top ends of the adjacent prefabricated load-bearing beams 2 .

[0041] Optionally, adjacent precast bridge decks 1 are in contact with each other, and adjacent precast bridge decks 1 are connected by concrete pouring.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: the present invention provides a positioning hole 4 at the bottom end of the prefabricated bridge deck 1 and a positioning pin 5 at the top end of the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2, and effectively fixes the prefabricated bridge deck 1 and the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 by plugging, and then connects the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 and the prefabricated bridge pier 3 by a number of bolts, thereby effectively improving the background technology: an existing bridge construction method and bridge structure, which use many mechanical mechanisms and hydraulic buffers to achieve shock absorption of the bridge, and the invention adopts a casting construction method, which not only has a long construction period, but also has large errors in size, shape and performance, and the construction site is accompanied by technical problems such as the emission of pollutants such as noise, dust and wastewater.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1-5 As shown, the bridge load-bearing detection device includes: a connecting plate 6, the top of the connecting plate 6 is inserted into the bottom end of the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2, and the left and right sides of the connecting plate 6 are connected to the bottom end of the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 through a plurality of bolts 7, a connecting plate 2 8 is inserted into the inner wall of the bottom end of the through hole 9 provided at the top of the prefabricated pier 3, and the connecting plate 2 8 is connected and fixed to the prefabricated pier 3 through bolts 2 10, and a plurality of shock-absorbing components 11 are installed between the connecting plate 1 6 and the connecting plate 2 8 (the shock-absorbing component 11 can be a rubber shock absorber, which is a shock-absorbing element made of rubber material, usually composed of inner and outer steel sleeves and the generated rubber inside, and vulcanized into a hollow cylinder), and a load-bearing detection component is arranged between the connecting plate 1 6 and the connecting plate 2 8 in the shock-absorbing component.

[0045] Optionally, the load-bearing detection component includes: a reset spring 12, the top of which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of a cavity 13 provided inside a connecting plate 6, and the bottom of which is fixedly mounted on a slider 14, a connecting rod 15 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slider 14, both ends of the connecting rod 15 are provided with slide grooves 16, one end of a limit rod 17 is connected to the slide groove 16 for sliding up and down, the other end of the limit rod 17 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of a connecting plate 2 8, a rectangular block 18 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting rod 15, the bottom end of the rectangular block 18 is fixed on a connecting plate 3 19, and the A cavity 20 is provided in the rectangular block 18, a counter 21 is fixedly installed on the inner wall at the top end of the cavity 20, and a piston 22 is slidably connected to the cavity 20 up and down, a reset spring 23 is fixedly installed between the bottom end of the piston 22 and the inner wall of the cavity 20, the left and right ends of the connecting plate 3 19 are slidably connected to the T-bar 24 up and down, and the reset spring 3 25 is sleeved on the T-bar 24 at the bottom end of the connecting plate 3 19, an airbag 26 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 2 8 between the T-bars 24, and the top end of the airbag 26 is connected to the cavity 20 provided at the bottom end of the piston 22 through a connecting pipe 27.

[0046] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: as the vehicle moves on the prefabricated bridge deck 1, when some overweight vehicles pass through the bridge deck, the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 moves downward, driving the connecting plate 1 6 fixedly connected thereto to move downward, thereby compressing the several shock-absorbing components 11 between the connecting plate 1 6 and the connecting plate 2 8, and at the same time, the connecting plate 1 6 moves downward while driving the connecting rod 15 connected to the slider 14 to move downward, and the connecting rod 15 moves downward so that the limiting rods 17 on both sides slide upward in the slide groove 16, and at the same time, the rectangular block 18 fixedly connected to the connecting rod 15 pushes the connecting plate The left and right ends of the three 19 move downward on the T-bar 24, and squeeze the return spring three 25 at the same time. At the same time, the connecting plate three 19 moves downward to squeeze the airbag 26, so that the gas in the airbag 26 is transported to the cavity two 20 through the connecting pipe 27. Under the action of air pressure, the piston 22 is pushed upward, thereby triggering the counter 21 to count. When the counter 21 reaches a certain number, it reminds the staff to promptly test the strength of the prefabricated bridge deck 1, the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 and the prefabricated bridge pier 3 to prevent cracks in the prefabricated bridge deck 1, the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 and the prefabricated bridge pier 3, thereby causing economic losses.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by providing a prefabricated bridge deck 1, a prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 and a prefabricated bridge pier 3, it is convenient to process them effectively in the factory, so that they can be effectively installed by splicing during the bridge construction process, which not only reduces the work intensity, but also makes the construction more convenient, and can effectively reduce the labor time; by providing a plurality of shock-absorbing components 11, it is convenient to effectively damp the prefabricated bridge deck 1 and the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2; by providing a reset spring 12 and a reset spring 3 25, the load-bearing effect of the bridge is further improved; by providing a slide groove 16 and a limit rod 17, it is convenient to limit the connecting rod 15 to prevent its position from shifting during the up and down movement; By providing the airbag 26 and the connecting tube 27, it is beneficial to allow gas to be introduced into the cavity 2 20 through the action of the connecting tube 27 during the downward movement of the connecting plate 3 19, thereby driving the piston 22 to move upward, thereby triggering the switch of the counter 21 and effectively recording it; by providing the counter 21, it is beneficial to effectively record the number of times the overweight vehicle applies force to the bridge through the counter 21. When a certain number is reached, the staff is notified to effectively inspect the strength of the bridge structure (and if a traffic jam occurs at the top of the bridge, the counter 21 will also be recorded. Under normal circumstances, vehicles passing through the device will not trigger the switch of the counter 21). It is very convenient and practical.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Based on Embodiment 1 or 2, the assembled bridge structure further includes:

[0050] A first flow velocity sensor, used for detecting the average flow velocity of the river water when it does not touch the bridge pier;

[0051] The second flow velocity sensor is used to detect the average flow velocity of the river water downstream after it contacts the bridge pier;

[0052] A controller and an alarm, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first flow velocity sensor, the second flow velocity sensor and the alarm, and the controller controls the alarm to work based on the first flow velocity sensor and the second flow velocity sensor.

[0053] Optionally, the assembled bridge structure comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: According to formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first flow velocity sensor and the second flow velocity sensor, calculate the maximum waterlogging height H of the bridge:

[0055]

[0056] Where V1 is the detection value of the first flow velocity sensor, V2 is the detection value of the second flow velocity sensor, g is the acceleration of gravity, e is the base of the natural logarithm function, α is the velocity reduction coefficient caused by the scouring of the bridge pier by the water flow (the value is 0.9), μ is the backwater coefficient (the value range is 0.1-0.4), and β is the contraction coefficient of the water-passing area of ​​the bridge pier (the value range is 0.85-0.95);

[0057] Step 2: According to the following formula (2), the actual flow rate Q of the river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time is calculated. The controller compares the actual flow rate Q of the river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time with the preset range of the river water flow rate. When the actual flow rate exceeds the preset range of the river water flow rate, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, λ1 is the flow coefficient of river water passing through the inlet and outlet of the bridge pier (the value range is 0.6-0.9), λ2 is the water resistance coefficient of the bridge pier to the river water (the value range is 0.2-1.0), S is the total water-passing cross-sectional area of ​​the bridge hole, δ is the scouring coefficient of the river water on the bridge pier (the value range is 0.5-0.9), and σ is the riverbed particle size coefficient (the value range is 0.026-0.087).

[0060] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: first, according to formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first flow velocity sensor and the second flow velocity sensor, the maximum waterlogging height of the bridge is calculated, and by comprehensively considering factors such as gravity acceleration, the base of the natural logarithm function, the velocity reduction coefficient caused by the scouring of the bridge pier by the water flow, the waterlogging coefficient, and the water-passing area contraction coefficient of the bridge pier, the calculation result is more accurate and reliable;

[0061] Finally, according to formula (2), and taking into account the flow coefficient of river water passing through the inlet and outlet of the bridge pier, the water resistance coefficient of the bridge pier to the river water, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the bridge hole, the scouring coefficient of the river water on the bridge pier, and the riverbed particle size coefficient, the actual flow rate of river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time is calculated, making the calculation result more accurate and reliable.

[0062] The controller controls the operation of the first flow rate sensor, the second flow rate sensor and the alarm. When the actual flow rate of river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time exceeds the preset river water flow rate range, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm, thereby reminding the staff to close both ends of the bridge in time and prohibit the passage of vehicles, thereby preventing excessive water flow from damaging the bridge structure, thereby protecting the lives of passengers passing by, and further meeting the user's needs for the use of this assembled bridge structure.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] An assembled bridge construction method based on embodiments 1-3 includes:

[0065] Step 1: prefabricate a plurality of prefabricated bridge decks 1, prefabricated load-bearing beams 2 and prefabricated bridge piers 3 in a factory, transport them to the construction site, and arrange them according to design requirements;

[0066] Step 2: Fix the bottom end of the prefabricated bridge pier 3 on the preset installation ground, and then connect and fix the bottom end of the bridge load-bearing detection device to the top end of the prefabricated bridge pier 3;

[0067] Step 3: Connect the prefabricated load-bearing beam 2 to the top of the bridge load-bearing detection device by means of a lifting device;

[0068] Step 4: Connect the positioning holes 4 at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the precast bridge deck 1 with the positioning pins 5 at the top of the precast load-bearing beam 2, so as to assemble the bridge components in sequence, and the precast bridge decks 1 after assembly are connected by pouring concrete to form the main structure of the bridge.

[0069] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the construction method of the assembled bridge structure adopts prefabricated components, which can be mass-produced and standardized in the factory, and then quickly assembled at the construction site. This method greatly shortens the construction period and improves the construction efficiency;

[0070] Since prefabricated components are produced in factories, the quality of the production process can be strictly controlled to ensure that the size, shape and performance of each component meet the design requirements, which helps to improve the overall quality and safety of the bridge;

[0071] The construction method of assembled bridge structure uses prefabricated components, which can reduce waste and loss at the construction site, while avoiding the material waste that may occur in traditional construction methods, which helps to reduce the cost of bridge construction;

[0072] The construction method of assembled bridge structure is suitable for various terrains and geological conditions, and can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs. In addition, this method can be expanded and modified according to the growth and changes of traffic volume, which has high flexibility.

[0073] The construction method of assembled bridge structure reduces the emission of pollutants such as noise, dust and wastewater at the construction site, which is beneficial to protecting the environment and ecology. At the same time, this method can also reduce the impact on surrounding residents and traffic, and has good social benefits.

[0074] Since the construction method of assembled bridge structures uses prefabricated components and mechanized construction, it can reduce safety hazards and accident risks at the construction site. In addition, this method can also adopt a variety of safety measures and technical means to ensure the safety of the construction process and bridge use.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled bridge structure, characterized in that: The assembled bridge structure is formed by splicing together a plurality of bridge components, and a single bridge component comprises: a prefabricated bridge deck (1), a prefabricated load-bearing beam (2) and a prefabricated bridge pier (3); the prefabricated bridge deck (1) is arranged on the top of the prefabricated load-bearing beam (2); and the prefabricated load-bearing beam (2) and the prefabricated bridge pier (3) are connected via a bridge load-bearing detection device.

2. The assembled bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of positioning holes (4) are arranged at the bottom ends of the front and rear sides of the prefabricated bridge deck (1), and the positioning holes (4) are plugged into a plurality of positioning pins (5) arranged at the top ends of adjacent prefabricated load-bearing beams (2).

3. The assembled bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent prefabricated bridge decks (1) are in contact with each other, and adjacent prefabricated bridge decks (1) are connected by pouring concrete.

4. The assembled bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge load-bearing detection device comprises: a connecting plate (6), the top end of the connecting plate (6) is inserted into the bottom end of the prefabricated load-bearing beam (2), and the left and right sides of the connecting plate (6) are connected to the bottom end of the prefabricated load-bearing beam (2) through a plurality of bolts (7), a connecting plate (8) is inserted into the inner wall of the bottom end of a through hole (9) provided at the top end of a prefabricated bridge pier (3), and the connecting plate (8) and the prefabricated bridge pier (3) are connected and fixed by bolts (10), and a plurality of shock-absorbing components (11) are installed between the connecting plate (6) and the connecting plate (8), and a load-bearing detection component is provided between the connecting plate (6) and the connecting plate (8) in the shock-absorbing component.

5. The assembled bridge structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The load-bearing detection component comprises: a reset spring (12), the top end of the reset spring (12) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of a cavity (13) provided inside the connecting plate (6), and the bottom end of the reset spring (12) is fixedly mounted on a slider (14), a connecting rod (15) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the slider (14), both ends of the connecting rod (15) are provided with sliding grooves (16), one end of a limit rod (17) is connected to the sliding groove (16) for sliding up and down connection, the other end of the limit rod (17) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the connecting plate (8), a rectangular block (18) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the connecting rod (15), the bottom end of the rectangular block (18) is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate (19), and the rectangular block (1 8) is provided with a cavity 2 (20), a counter (21) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top end of the cavity 2 (20), and a piston (22) is slidably connected in the cavity 2 (20), and a return spring 2 (23) is fixedly installed between the bottom end of the piston (22) and the inner wall of the cavity 2 (20), the left and right ends of the connecting plate 3 (19) are slidably connected to the T-shaped rod (24) up and down, and the return spring 3 (25) is sleeved on the T-shaped rod (24) at the bottom end of the connecting plate 3 (19), and an air bag (26) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 2 (8) between the T-shaped rods (24), and the top end of the air bag (26) is connected to the cavity 2 (20) provided at the bottom end of the piston (22) through a connecting pipe (27).

6. The assembled bridge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembled bridge structure further comprises: A first flow velocity sensor, used for detecting the average flow velocity of the river water when it does not touch the bridge pier; The second flow velocity sensor is used to detect the average flow velocity of the river water downstream after it contacts the bridge pier; A controller and an alarm, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first flow velocity sensor, the second flow velocity sensor and the alarm, and the controller controls the alarm to work based on the first flow velocity sensor and the second flow velocity sensor.

7. The assembled bridge structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: According to formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first flow velocity sensor and the second flow velocity sensor, calculate the maximum waterlogging height H of the bridge: Where V1 is the detection value of the first flow velocity sensor, V2 is the detection value of the second flow velocity sensor, g is the acceleration of gravity, e is the base of the natural logarithm function, α is the velocity reduction coefficient caused by the scouring of the bridge pier by the water flow, μ is the backwater coefficient, and β is the contraction coefficient of the water-passing area of ​​the bridge pier; Step 2: According to the following formula (2), the actual flow rate Q of the river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time is calculated. The controller compares the actual flow rate Q of the river water passing through the bridge hole per unit time with the preset range of the river water flow rate. When the actual flow rate exceeds the preset range of the river water flow rate, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm: Among them, λ1 is the flow coefficient of river water passing through the inlet and outlet of the bridge pier, λ2 is the water resistance coefficient of the bridge pier to the river water, S is the total water-passing cross-sectional area of ​​the bridge hole, δ is the scouring coefficient of the river water on the bridge pier, and σ is the riverbed particle size coefficient.

8. A method for constructing an assembled bridge, characterized in that: The construction method is applied to an assembled bridge structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Step 1: prefabricate a plurality of prefabricated bridge decks (1), prefabricated load-bearing beams (2) and prefabricated bridge piers (3) in a factory, transport them to a construction site, and arrange them according to design requirements; Step 2: The bottom end of the prefabricated bridge pier (3) is fixedly installed on a preset installation ground, and then the bottom end of the bridge load-bearing detection device is connected and fixed to the top end of the prefabricated bridge pier (3); Step 3: Connect the prefabricated load-bearing beam (2) to the top of the bridge load-bearing detection device by means of a lifting device; Step 4: Connect the positioning holes (4) at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the prefabricated bridge deck (1) with the positioning pins (5) at the top of the prefabricated load-bearing beam (2), thereby assembling the bridge components in sequence, and the prefabricated bridge decks (1) after assembly are connected by pouring concrete to form the main structure of the bridge.

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