Telescopic assembly and construction device for foundation pit excavation

Abstract

The invention provides a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation. The telescopic assembly comprises a bottom plate; one end of the first telescopic sleeve is connected with the bottom plate; the first telescopic sleeve is provided with a first accommodating space; one end of the second telescopic sleeve extends into the first accommodating space, and the second telescopic sleeve is movably connected with the first telescopic sleeve; a second accommodating space is formed in the second telescopic sleeve; one end of the top expanding anchorage device extends into the second accommodating space; one end of the top expanding anchorage device is movably connected with the other end of the second telescopic sleeve; the other end is a top end; one end of the second screw rod penetrates through the floor and is connected with the first telescopic sleeve; the other end is a free end; and the one-way interaction ratchet wheel structure is connected with the free end of the second screw rod. According to the telescopic assembly and the construction device for foundation pit excavation, the pre-stressed anchor rods are used as main means for controlling displacement and deformation, meanwhile, the design of the multi-stage telescopic side wings is creatively introduced under the inspiration of the miscanthus bionic principle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and more specifically, relates to a telescopic component and a construction device for foundation pit excavation. Background Art

[0002] Anchor rods are widely used in engineering projects such as mining, tunnel development, slope stabilization and dam construction. Its working principle is that one end is firmly connected to the engineering structure, and the other end is deeply embedded in the stratum. By applying prestress, the tension is effectively transferred to the soil or rock, thereby significantly enhancing the stability of the structure.

[0003] In foundation engineering, anchor rods can evenly distribute the deadweight and external loads of the soil to the surrounding soil, thus significantly reducing the damage to the structure caused by foundation settlement. In addition, anchor rods can also strengthen and stabilize the soil, effectively preventing the collapse and sliding of the rock mass. By closely combining with the soil and applying prestress, anchor rods significantly enhance the shear strength and tensile strength of the soil or rock, further improving the stability of the soil.

[0004] However, when faced with the problem of excavating foundation pits in highly compressible soft foundations, traditional anchor technology may face challenges. Due to the special properties of soft foundations, traditional anchors may have difficulty effectively anchoring the soil, resulting in anchor failure. Once the anchor fails, the anchor may be pulled out as a whole, causing the collapse of the anchor support system. This will not only seriously affect the construction progress, but may also cause serious casualties and property losses. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a telescopic component and a construction device for foundation pit excavation, aiming to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art that traditional anchor rods are difficult to effectively anchor the soil and there is a risk of failure of anchor rod tensile support.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a telescopic assembly, comprising:

[0007] Base plate;

[0008] A first telescopic sleeve, one end of which is connected to the bottom plate; the first telescopic sleeve is provided with a first accommodating space;

[0009] A second telescopic sleeve, one end of which is inserted into the first accommodation space, and the second telescopic sleeve is movably connected to the first telescopic sleeve; a second accommodation space is provided on the second telescopic sleeve;

[0010] The top expansion anchor has one end extending into the second accommodation space; one end of the top expansion anchor is movably connected to the other end of the second telescopic sleeve; the other end is the top end;

[0011] A second screw rod, one end of which passes through the floor and is connected to the first telescopic sleeve; the other end is a free end;

[0012] A one-way interactive ratchet structure and a free end of the second screw rod; under a force state, the one-way interactive ratchet structure drives the second screw rod to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, the one-way interactive ratchet structure comprises:

[0014] One-way ratchet outer disc;

[0015] A wheel center fixing module is arranged on the outer plate of the one-way ratchet;

[0016] A spring, one end of which is fixed to the center of the wheel disc and the other end is a connecting end;

[0017] A pawl is connected to the connecting end of the spring; the pawl is in contact with the outer disc of the one-way ratchet.

[0018] Preferably, a threaded tube is provided in the second accommodation space of the second telescopic sleeve; and the threaded tube is adapted to the second screw rod.

[0019] Preferably, a receiving assembly is provided in the second accommodating space of the second telescopic sleeve; the receiving assembly is located above the threaded tube; when the receiving assembly is acted upon by the second screw rod, it rotates and transmits power to the top expansion anchor.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes a grouting channel arranged on the first telescopic sleeve, the second telescopic sleeve, the top expansion anchor, and the second screw rod.

[0021] Preferably, the grouting channel comprises:

[0022] A first section is disposed on the second screw;

[0023] The second section is arranged on the first telescopic sleeve;

[0024] A third section, disposed on the second telescopic sleeve;

[0025] The fourth section is arranged on the top expansion anchor;

[0026] When the first telescopic sleeve, the second telescopic sleeve, and the top expansion anchor are in an extended state, the first section, the second section, the third section, and the fourth section are connected.

[0027] Preferably, it also includes a motion assist component connected to the one-way interactive ratchet structure.

[0028] Preferably, the motion assist component comprises:

[0029] Component housing;

[0030] A guide rail structure movably connected to the component housing;

[0031] a first gear, rotatably connected to the assembly housing;

[0032] a second gear, rotatably connected to the assembly housing, the second gear meshing with the first gear;

[0033] The piston rod is connected to the guide rail structure.

[0034] Preferably, when the piston rod moves upward, it drives the one-way interactive ratchet structure to rotate idly.

[0035] A construction device for foundation pit excavation, characterized by comprising a telescopic assembly as described in any one of the above items.

[0036] The beneficial effect of the telescopic assembly and the construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by the present invention is that compared with the prior art, the telescopic assembly and the construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by the present invention use prestressed anchor rods as the main means of controlling displacement and deformation, and at the same time, inspired by the bionic principle of wheat awns, creatively introduce a multi-stage telescopic wing design. Through the secondary grouting and curing of the wing, the device can significantly expand the bearing surface of the anchor rod, thereby improving the stability of the overall support structure and effectively reducing the occurrence of foundation pit accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an anchor rod outer cylinder body used in a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the top and bottom of an anchor rod outer cylinder body used in a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a slot and a slot lock used in a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic assembly and a power assembly used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of gear position change of a power assembly used in a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 A telescopic assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention and a planetary gear set used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 7 A telescopic assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention and a planetary gear set used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of various parts of a planetary gear set used in a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 A telescopic assembly and a matching assembly used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic assembly and a drilling assembly used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of various parts of a telescopic assembly and a drilling assembly used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.12 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic wing assembly used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.13 A schematic structural diagram of various parts of a telescopic wing assembly used in a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0052] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0053] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0054] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0055] Fig.18 An overview of the construction effects of a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] In the figure: 1. Anchor rod outer tube body; 101. Buckle structure; 102. Slot structure; 1021. Slot lock tongue; 1022. Torque spring; 1023. Slot lock body; 103. Grouting pipe reserved channel; 104. Primary grouting pipeline; 105. Secondary grouting pipeline; 2. Power assembly; 201. Power assembly housing; 202. Multi-stage gearbox; 203. Speed ​​shifting gear; 204. Driving wheel; 205 , outer gear ring; 206, sun gear; 207, planetary gear; 2071, planetary gear shaft; 208, planetary gear plate; 209, sun final gear; 2010, gear box; 3, matching components; 301, component housing; 302, piston rod; 303, steel ball guide; 304, steel ball; 305, first gear; 306, second gear; 4, drilling rig assembly; 401, screw; 402, hydraulic rod; 403, drilling rig base; 404, power interaction gear; 405, first drill bit body; 406, drill nail structure; 407, fixed chain; 4081, first slurry suction structure; 4082, second slurry suction structure; 4083, third slurry suction structure; 409, water injection port; 4010, second drill bit body; 4011, gear guide; 4012, lifting gear; 4013, connection position; 4014, third drill bit Main structure; 5. Telescopic wing assembly; 501. Bottom plate; 502. First telescopic sleeve; 503. Second telescopic sleeve; 504. Threaded pipe; 505. Receiving assembly; 506. Expanding top anchor; 507. One-way interactive ratchet structure; 5071. One-way ratchet outer disc; 5072. Wheel center fixing module; 5073. Spring; 5074. Ratchet; 508. Side wing grouting channel; 509. Second screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] The anchor rod is delicately constructed and consists of several key parts: a rod body with a tensile strength exceeding that of the rock and soil, one end of which can fit tightly against the rock and soil to form a strong friction (or bonding) resistance; and one or more anchoring sections, which usually use cement slurry to tightly bond the prestressed tendons to the soil or rock, further strengthening the anchoring effect of the anchor rod.

[0059] According to different materials, anchor rods can be divided into many types, such as wooden anchor rods, steel bar or wire rope mortar anchor rods, inverted wedge metal anchor rods and double fast cement anchor rods. In engineering, anchor rods play a vital role. They can not only support and strengthen the structure, but also significantly improve the stability and bearing capacity of the structure. By transforming the originally unstable structural system into a stable and rigid system, anchor rods effectively prevent the occurrence of structural deformation and damage.

[0060] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0061] The anchor rod is delicately constructed and consists of several key parts: a rod body with a tensile strength exceeding that of the rock and soil, one end of which can fit tightly against the rock and soil to form a strong friction (or bonding) resistance; and one or more anchoring sections, which usually use cement slurry to tightly bond the prestressed tendons to the soil or rock, further strengthening the anchoring effect of the anchor rod.

[0062] According to different materials, anchor rods can be divided into many types, such as wooden anchor rods, steel bar or wire rope mortar anchor rods, inverted wedge metal anchor rods and double fast cement anchor rods. In engineering, anchor rods play a vital role. They can not only support and strengthen the structure, but also significantly improve the stability and bearing capacity of the structure. By transforming the originally unstable structural system into a stable and rigid system, anchor rods effectively prevent the occurrence of structural deformation and damage.

[0063] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 18The telescopic wing assembly 5 includes: a base plate 501; one end of a first telescopic sleeve 502 is connected to the base plate 501; the first telescopic sleeve 502 is provided with a first accommodating space; one end of a second telescopic sleeve 503 extends into the first accommodating space, and the second telescopic sleeve 503 is movably connected to the first telescopic sleeve 502; a second accommodating space is provided on the second telescopic sleeve 503; one end of an expansion top anchor 506 extends into the second accommodating space; one end of the expansion top anchor 506 is movably connected to the other end of the second telescopic sleeve 503; the other end is a top end; a second screw 509 is connected to the first telescopic sleeve 502; a second screw 095 is placed on the second telescopic sleeve 503, and the second screw 509 and the second telescopic sleeve 503 together clamp the first screw and finally climb to the top of the first screw; a one-way interactive ratchet structure 507, and a free end of the second screw 509; under stress, the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507 drives the second screw 509 to rotate. The first telescopic sleeve 502 and the second telescopic sleeve 503 rely on the threaded tube 504 and the receiving assembly 505 to achieve the jacking operation.

[0064] Specifically, it also includes a grouting channel 508 arranged on the first telescopic sleeve 502 , the second telescopic sleeve 503 , the top expansion anchor 506 , and the second screw rod 509 .

[0065] The grouting channel 508 includes: a first section arranged on the second screw 509; a second section arranged on the first telescopic sleeve 502; a third section arranged on the second telescopic sleeve 503; a fourth section arranged on the top expansion anchor 506; when the first telescopic sleeve 502, the second telescopic sleeve 503, and the top expansion anchor 506 are in an extended state, the first section, the second section, the third section, and the fourth section are connected.

[0066] The one-way interactive ratchet structure 507 includes: a one-way ratchet outer disc 5071, a wheel center fixing module 5072, a spring 5073 and a pawl 5074, wherein the wheel center fixing module 5072 is arranged on the one-way ratchet outer disc 5071; one end of the spring 5073 is connected to the wheel center fixing module 5072, and the other end is a connecting end; the pawl 5074 is connected to the connecting end of the spring 5073; the pawl 5074 is in contact with the one-way ratchet outer disc 5071.

[0067] A threaded tube 504 is provided in the second accommodation space of the second telescopic sleeve 503; the threaded tube 504 is adapted to the second screw 509. A receiving assembly 503 is provided in the second accommodation space of the second telescopic sleeve 503; the receiving assembly 503 is located above the threaded tube 504; when the receiving assembly 505 is acted upon by the second screw 509, it rotates and transmits power to the top expansion anchor 506.

[0068] The expansion of the telescopic wing assembly 5 benefits from the one-way transmission characteristics of the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507. When the piston rod 302 moves downward, the pawl 5074 inside the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507 specifically clamps the ratchet teeth of the one-way ratchet outer disk 5071, which can make the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507 rotate in one direction. When the piston rod 302 moves upward, the system composed of the spring 5073 and the pawl 5074 will move up and down along the rotation of the ratchet teeth to make the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507 idle, thus forming a one-way transmission system. The one-way interactive ratchet 507 drives the screw 401 to rotate, and then drives the threaded pipe 504 to rotate and rise. When the receiving assembly 505 on the upper part of the second telescopic sleeve 503 is lifted again, it is driven to rotate by the screw 401 through the inner thread, and the power of the lower part is transmitted to the upper expansion anchor 506, thereby realizing the expansion and lifting function of the telescopic assembly. Specifically, when unidirectional rotation occurs, the wheel center fixing module 5072 inside it drives the second screw 509 inside the telescopic wing assembly 5 to rotate, and the threaded tube 504 and the receiving assembly 505 then rotate and climb together. This rotation action then triggers a chain reaction, so that the threaded tube 504 and the receiving assembly 505 closely connected thereto work together, not only rotating with the screw, but also climbing along a preset trajectory. In the climbing process, the rotation movement of the receiving assembly 505 becomes the key. It not only rotates itself, but also acts as an intermediary to drive the upper threaded tube 504 and the receiving assembly 505 to rotate together and continue to climb. This process is repeated, forming a step-by-step climbing mechanism. By analogy, the purpose of fully unfolding the telescopic wing assembly 5 is achieved.

[0069] A telescopic component also includes: a motion auxiliary component 3 connected to a one-way interactive ratchet structure 507. Specifically, the telescopic wing component 5 is connected to the anchor outer tube component through the matching component 3. The telescopic wing component 5 is connected to the anchor outer tube body 1 via the matching component 3, and is lowered to the reserved channel drilled by the drilling rig component 4 to carry out the multi-stage telescopic wing deployment project. Specifically, the matching component 3 includes: a component housing 301, a guide rail structure, a first gear 305, a second gear 306 and a piston rod 302, the guide rail structure is movably connected to the component housing 301; the first gear 305 is rotatably connected to the component housing 301; the second gear 306 is rotatably connected to the component housing 301, and the second gear 306 is meshed with the first gear 305; the piston rod 302 is connected to the guide rail structure. The guide rail structure includes: a steel ball guide rail 303 and a ball 304, and the steel ball guide rail 303 is movably connected to the component housing 301 through the ball 304. The anchor rod outer tube body 1 can cause the piston rod 302 to move smoothly up and down through the steel ball guide rail 303 through the up and down piston movement, thereby transmitting the large gear 305 and the small gear 306.

[0070] The piston rod 302 is connected to the guide rail structure composed of the steel ball guide rail 303 and the ball 304 and the slot structure 102. The first gear 305 is connected to the piston rod 302 and the second gear 306. The second gear 306 is connected to the first gear 305 and the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507. The component housing 301 is connected to the component housing 301 and the telescopic side wing component 5 connected to its upper and lower ends.

[0071] The piston rod 302 is driven to move up and down on the guide rail structure composed of the steel ball guide rail 303 and the ball 304 through the up and down reciprocating motion of the upper component connected to the matching component 3 package.

[0072] As the piston rod 302 moves downward, the first gear 305 and the second gear 306 rotate randomly, and the rotational kinetic energy is captured and converted by the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507. The one-way ratchet outer plate 5071 drives the wheel center fixing module 5072, the spring 5073 and the pawl 5074 to rotate together, so that the center fixing module 5072 drives the screw 401 to rotate, completing the deployment of the telescopic side wing assembly 5.

[0073] As the piston rod 302 moves upward, the first gear 305 and the second gear 306 rotate randomly, but at this time the one-way ratchet outer disc 5071 of the one-way interactive ratchet structure 507 will only rotate idly and fail to achieve the transmission effect, thereby realizing one-way transmission.

[0074] Please also read Figures 1 to 18 The invention also provides a construction device for foundation pit excavation for illustration. The construction device for foundation pit excavation includes a telescopic assembly as described in any one of the above, and also includes an anchor outer tube assembly, a power assembly 2, and a drilling assembly 4, wherein the drilling assembly 4 is connected to the power assembly 2 in a transmission manner; the drilling assembly 4 realizes the reserved channel drilling operation under the drive of the power assembly 2; the length of the drilling assembly 4 is adjustable; the anchor outer tube assembly is connected to the power assembly 2. The telescopic assembly 5 is connected to the power assembly 2, and the length of the telescopic assembly 5 is adjustable.

[0075] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 18 The anchor rod outer tube assembly includes: an anchor rod outer tube body 1, a snap-fit ​​structure 101 and a slot structure 102, wherein the snap-fit ​​structure 101 is arranged at one end of the anchor rod outer tube body 1; the slot structure 102 is arranged at the other end of the anchor rod outer tube body 1; the slot structure 102 is adapted to the snap-fit ​​structure 101; the channel structure is arranged on the anchor rod outer tube body 1; the channel structure penetrates the anchor rod outer tube body 1 along the axial direction of the anchor rod outer tube body 1.

[0076] In this embodiment, the channel structure includes one or more of a grouting pipe reserved channel 103, a primary grouting pipe 104, and a secondary grouting pipe 105. Specifically, the anchor outer tube body 1 is a pipe body structure. The grouting pipe reserved channel 103, the primary grouting pipe 104, and the secondary grouting pipe 105 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pipe body structure.

[0077] In this embodiment, one end of the anchor outer tube body 1 is provided with a buckle structure 101, and the other end is provided with a slot structure 102 adapted to the buckle structure 101. Specifically, the slot structure 102 includes a slot body, and the slot lock tongue 1021 is connected and fixed to the slot body through a torque spring 1022.

[0078] When adjacent anchor rod outer tube bodies 1 are connected, the buckle structure 101 of any anchor rod outer tube body 1 is buckled with the slot structure 102 of the other anchor rod outer tube body 1; and the channel structure of any anchor rod outer tube body 1 is connected with the channel structure of the other anchor rod outer tube body 1. The connection process of the two anchor rod outer tube bodies 1 is specifically as follows: the buckle structure 101 of any anchor rod outer tube body 1 approaches the slot structure 102 of the other anchor rod outer tube body 1, and during the approaching process, the buckle structure 101 will first push open the slot lock tongue 1021, so that the buckle structure 101 is inserted into the slot structure 102, and then the slot lock tongue 1021 limits and fixes the buckle structure 101 under the action of the torque spring 1022, so that the slot lock tongue 1021 and the buckle structure 101 form a stable connection relationship, thereby realizing the connection of the two anchor rod outer tube bodies 1.

[0079] In this embodiment, the buckle structure 101 is provided with a rotary knob system, which includes a rotary knob 1011 and a steel wire 1022 connected to the rotary knob 1011. When dismantling is required, it is only necessary to unscrew the rotary knob 1011, and the rotary knob 1011 drives the steel wire 1022 to move by rotating, thereby driving the buckle structure 101 to move, thereby achieving disengagement. A groove of the same size as the rotary knob 1011 is added to the bottom of the anchor rod outer tube body 1. The rotary knob 1011 is slidably connected to the anchor rod outer tube body 1.

[0080] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 18The power assembly 2 includes a power assembly housing 201, a multi-stage gearbox 202 disposed in the power assembly housing 201, a speed change slider 203 connected to the multi-stage gearbox 202, and a driving wheel 204 connected to the multi-stage gearbox 202. Specifically, the multi-stage gearbox 202 includes a planetary gear set and a sun final gear 209 connected to the planetary gear set. More specifically, the planetary gear set includes a gear box 2010 and a planetary gear assembly disposed in the gear box 2010. A plurality of planetary gear assemblies are arranged at intervals from one end to the other end of the gear box 2010. The planetary gear assembly includes: an outer gear ring 205 fixed to the gear box 2010, a sun gear 206 disposed in the gear box 2010, a planetary gear disc 208 disposed in the gear box 2010, and a planetary gear 207 disposed on the planetary gear disc 208 and meshing with the sun gear 206. Operation process: The sun gear 206 rotates under the drive of the motor, driving the planetary gear 207 installed on the planetary gear plate 208 to rotate.

[0081] The input speed of the power assembly 2 passes through a planetary gear set consisting of an outer gear ring 205, planetary gears 207, and a planetary gear plate 208, and is output by the planetary gear plate 208 in the planetary gear set. The number of planetary gear sets is not less than two. Specifically, the number of planetary gear sets is three. The planetary gear 207 is connected to the planetary gear plate 208 through a planetary gear shaft 2071.

[0082] On this basis, two sets of identical planetary gear sets with five planet structures are applied.

[0083] The planetary gear disc 208 of each planetary gear set outputs respectively. The planetary gear disc 208 of the previous set is the power input end of the planetary gear set of the next set. When speed increase is required, the speed change slider 203 is used. When the speed change slider 203 is meshed with the planetary gear 207 and the planetary gear disc 208 at the same time, the planetary gear set of the middle set can be formed into a whole, so that the input speed of the previous set can be transmitted to the next set intact, thereby realizing the multi-stage speed change of the engine.

[0084] Specifically, the power is inputted by the first set of planetary gears 207, and is transmitted to the sun gear 206 by meshing with the sun gear 206. At the same time, the sun gear 206 outputs the power to the planetary gear shaft 2071, driving the second set of planetary gear plates 208 to rotate, and the planetary gears 207 on the planetary gear plates 208 continue to mesh with the second set of sun gears 206, thereby transmitting the power back and forth.

[0085] If the speed needs to be reduced, the motor controls the speed slider 203 to move to the planetary gear 207 and the planetary gear plate 208 to engage, thereby forming the second set of planetary gear sets into a whole, so that the input speed of the first set can be transmitted to the third set intact, thereby realizing multi-stage speed change of the engine.

[0086] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 18 , the drilling rig assembly 4 comprises:

[0087] The drill base 403, the first drill bit structure, the second drill bit structure, the third drill bit structure, the power interaction gear 404 and the screw 401, the first drill bit structure is connected to the drill base 403; the second drill bit structure is movably connected to the first drill bit structure; the third drill bit structure is movably connected to the second drill bit structure; the power interaction gear 404 is arranged on the side of the drill base 403 away from the first drill bit structure; the power interaction gear 404 is transmission-connected with the power assembly; one end of the screw 401 is connected to the power interaction gear 404, and the other end passes through the drill base 403 and is threadedly connected to the second drill bit structure. The star final gear 209 in the power assembly 2 is meshed with the power interaction gear 404 in the drill assembly 4 to achieve power transmission.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first drill bit structure includes: a first drill bit body 405 and a first slurry suction structure 4081 ; the first drill bit body 405 is provided with a storage space for accommodating the second drill bit structure; and the first slurry suction structure 4081 is disposed on the first drill bit body 405 .

[0089] A drill nail structure 406 is provided on the first drill bit body 405. The drill nail structure 406 is suitable for cutting medium hard rock, such as limestone and sandstone, etc. Under the action of the knife gate, the cutter head is twisted so that the rock drill teeth can cut in the axial and peripheral directions.

[0090] The first drill bit body 405 is provided with a fixed chain 407. When the third drill bit structure body rises, the lifting gears 4012 on the left and right sides of the second drill bit structure body rotate counterclockwise and clockwise respectively. The fixed chains 407 of the first and third drill bit structure bodies can provide the chain of the lifting gear 4012 on the second drill bit structure body to mesh with the sprocket teeth, thereby realizing the chain transmission function.

[0091] In this embodiment, the second drill bit structure includes: a second drill bit body 4010, a gear guide rail 4011 and a lifting gear 4012; the second drill bit body 4010 is provided with a storage space for accommodating the third drill bit structure; the bottom is provided with a connecting position 4013 for connecting with the screw 401; the top is provided with a second slurry suction structure 4082; the gear guide rail 4011 is arranged on the second drill bit body 4010; the lifting gear 4012 is rotatably connected to the second drill bit body 4010.

[0092] Specifically, there are two sets of gear guide rails 4011 and lifting gears 4012. The two sets of gear guide rails 4011 and lifting gears 4012 are arranged in a straight line, and the straight line passes through the center line of the second drill head body 4010.

[0093] The second drill head body 405 is provided with a drill nail structure 406 .

[0094] In this embodiment, the third drill bit structure includes: a third drill bit structure body 4014 and a third slurry suction structure 4083. The third drill bit structure body 4014 is movably connected to the second drill bit body 4010; the third slurry suction structure 4083 is arranged at one end of the third drill bit structure body 4014 away from the second drill bit structure.

[0095] A fixing chain 407 is provided on the third drill structure body 4014 .

[0096] The third drill bit structure body 4014 is provided with a drill nail structure 406 .

[0097] A water injection port 409 is provided on the drilling rig base 403. The drilling rig base 403 is connected to the first drill bit structure through a hydraulic rod 402. The water injection port 409 is supplied with water by the anchor rod outer tube body 1, and water and electricity are separated. In addition, the drilling rig base 403 has a bearing channel for connecting and interacting the power assembly 2 and the drilling rig assembly 4. The drilling rig base 403 only serves as a connecting piece between the power assembly 2 and the drilling rig assembly 4 to prevent mud from splashing into the motor during the drilling bit cutting process and causing a malfunction.

[0098] The power interaction gear 404 is connected to the power assembly 2 in a transmission manner; the power interaction gear 404 drives the screw 401 to rotate, thereby driving the first drill bit structure, the second drill bit structure, and the third drill bit structure to move upward respectively. When the second drill bit structure rotates to the top of the screw 401, the overall drill bit length is extended to the maximum. Then the drill bit starts to rotate, and then water is injected from the water injection port 409, and the cut mud is discharged from the mud suction port structure. The hydraulic rod 402 can be extended synchronously with the drilling process to achieve a predetermined drilling effect. After the drilling is completed, adjust the power assembly 2 to the reverse gear, and rotate the variable speed telescopic drill bit in the opposite direction; retract the hydraulic rod 402 to the initial length, and carry out the drilling work of the next hole. The specific process of the first drill bit 4010 moving upward is: the lifting gear 4012 meshing with the fixed chains 407 on the left and right sides in the gear guide rail 4011 rotates accordingly, driving the third drill bit structure body 4014 to move. The drilling assembly 4 is connected to the power assembly 2 in a transmission manner, and the drilling assembly 4 realizes the reserved channel drilling operation process under the drive of the power assembly 2. When all the channels are drilled, the power assembly 2 and the drilling assembly 4 can be returned to the hole for subsequent engineering use by continuing the above steps.

[0099] The telescopic assembly and the construction device for foundation pit excavation provided by the present invention, compared with the prior art, adopt a mechanized construction mode, which can improve construction efficiency, ensure construction quality, reduce safety risks, and reduce project costs, while providing strong technical support and emphasizing environmental protection. The construction device is particularly aimed at the anchor support construction in the foundation pit excavation of soft foundation, aiming to solve the problem of anchor bolt anchoring slip failure caused by weak foundation, thereby reducing the risk of foundation pit accidents. The construction device also has the characteristic of being able to effectively improve the construction stability of anchor support for foundation pit excavation with high compressibility and soft foundation. The construction device can also provide a more stable and reliable anchoring effect to ensure the safety, economy and reliability of the project.

[0100] Grouting project: After the multi-stage telescopic wing deployment project is completed, grouting is performed once through the primary grouting pipeline 104. The grouting will not only fill the anchor channel, but also fill the entire multi-stage telescopic wing from the wing grouting channel 508. After the primary grouting is completed and the preset strength is obtained, secondary grouting is performed through the secondary grouting pipeline 105.

[0101] Anchor locking: After the secondary grouting strength reaches the predetermined range, prestress can be applied to the anchor and locked to the foundation pit slope.

[0102] This completes all construction procedures, forming a complete anchor support system that can be used for foundation pit excavation in highly compressible soft foundations.

[0103] The invention provides a telescopic assembly and a construction device for foundation pit excavation, which uses prestressed anchor rods as the main means of controlling displacement and deformation, and creatively introduces a multi-stage telescopic wing design inspired by the bionic principle of wheat awns. Through secondary grouting and curing of the wing, the device can significantly expand the bearing surface of the anchor rod, thereby improving the stability of the overall support structure and effectively reducing the occurrence of foundation pit accidents.

[0104] The present invention provides a telescopic component and a construction device for foundation pit excavation, which have significant advantages in dealing with soft soil layers such as backfill soil and silty soil in coastal areas. The pull-out resistance of these soil layers is extremely low, resulting in frequent accidents when using anchor support structures, among which the failure of anchors is the main problem. In order to address this challenge, the present invention introduces the wheat awn bionic principle, creatively designs multi-stage telescopic flanks, and effectively expands the bearing surface of the anchor through secondary grouting and curing of the flanks, significantly improving the stability of the overall support structure.

[0105] In addition, hole wall collapse is a common problem at construction sites, especially in geological environments with interlayers such as sand, silt and pebble layers. The hole walls in these interlayers are prone to collapse due to external forces during the drilling process due to their poor integrity. Traditional mud wall protection methods have limited effectiveness in dealing with such problems. However, the multi-stage telescopic wing design of the present invention, combined with the internal support and grouting process, can cope with this challenge well and effectively maintain the stability of the hole wall, whether in hard rock or soft soil.

[0106] Another major advantage of this construction device is its high adaptability and flexibility. It can not only adapt to various complex terrains and environments, but also play an important role in various engineering fields. At the same time, this device is cast in factory molds. Through modular design, transportation and assembly are very convenient, meeting the needs of modern civil engineering for prefabricated construction. Economy and safety are also important features of this device. Its lightweight material and simple installation process reduce the total cost of engineering construction, while improving construction safety and reducing the risks of construction workers during operation.

[0107] In summary, this patented device, with its advantages of high efficiency, flexibility, stability, economy and safety, provides strong technical support and innovative solutions for modern construction, demonstrating its excellent performance and broad application prospects.

[0108] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A telescopic assembly, characterized in that: include: Bottom plate (501); A first telescopic sleeve (502), one end of which is connected to the bottom plate (501); the first telescopic sleeve (502) is provided with a first accommodating space; A second telescopic sleeve (503), one end of which is inserted deeply into the first accommodation space, and the second telescopic sleeve (503) is movably connected to the first telescopic sleeve (502); a second accommodation space is provided on the second telescopic sleeve (503); A top expansion anchor (506), one end of which is inserted deep into the second accommodation space; one end of the top expansion anchor (506) is movably connected to the other end of the second telescopic sleeve (503); the other end is a top end; A second screw rod (509) is disposed on the second telescopic sleeve (503); A one-way interactive ratchet structure (507) and a free end of the second screw rod (509); under a force state, the one-way interactive ratchet structure (507) drives the second screw rod (509) to rotate.

2. A telescopic assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way interactive ratchet structure (507) comprises: One-way ratchet outer plate (5071); A wheel center fixing module (5072), arranged on the one-way ratchet outer disc (5071); A spring (5073), one end of which is fixed to the center of the wheel disc module (5073), and the other end is a connecting end; The pawl (5074) is connected to the connecting end of the spring (5073); the pawl (5074) is in contact with the one-way ratchet outer disc (5071).

3. A telescopic assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A threaded tube (504) is provided in the second accommodation space of the second telescopic sleeve (503); the threaded tube (504) is adapted to fit the second screw rod (509).

4. A telescopic assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A receiving assembly (503) is provided in the second accommodation space of the second telescopic sleeve (503); the receiving assembly (503) is located above the threaded tube (504); when the receiving assembly (505) is acted upon by the second screw rod (509), it rotates and transmits power to the top expansion anchor (506).

5. A telescopic assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a grouting channel (508) arranged on the first telescopic sleeve (502), the second telescopic sleeve (503), the top expansion anchor (506), and the second screw rod (509).

6. A telescopic assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grouting channel (508) comprises: A first section is provided on the second screw (509); a second section, arranged on the first telescopic sleeve (502); The third section is arranged on the second telescopic sleeve (503); The fourth section is arranged on the top expansion anchor (506); When the first telescopic sleeve (502), the second telescopic sleeve (503) and the top expansion anchor (506) are in an extended state, the first section, the second section, the third section and the fourth section are connected.

7. A telescopic assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a motion assisting component (3) connected to the one-way interactive ratchet structure (507).

8. A telescopic assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The motion assisting component (3) comprises: Component housing (301); A guide rail structure movably connected to the component housing (302); A first gear (305) rotatably connected to the component housing (301); a second gear (306) rotatably connected to the component housing (301), the second gear (306) meshing with the first gear (305); The piston rod (302) is connected to the guide rail structure.

9. A telescopic assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the piston rod (302) moves upward, it drives the one-way interactive ratchet structure (507) to rotate idly.

10. A construction device for foundation pit excavation, characterized in that: It comprises a telescopic assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images