Method for stoping medium-thickness and above ore body with broken roof

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for stoping an ore body with medium thickness or more broken roofs, which comprises the following steps of: segmenting and striping the ore body, supporting the roofs, stoping from a middle section stope at the top of the ore body to a lower section part from top to bottom, and backfilling a filling body in a goaf after the stoping of each stope is finished, the stoping sequence of the stopes of the same section is spaced for stoping; the method comprises the following specific stoping steps: step 1, segmenting according to the height of the ore body, and then striping the ore body according to the width of the ore body and the volume of stoping equipment; and secondly, a top plate part at the top of the ore body is supported through wood supporting columns and steel supports. According to the method, the pillars are used as supports in the stoping process of each stope, the safety of ore body mining is improved, meanwhile, after stoping and backfilling work at the topmost end of the ore body is completed, the filling body at the top of the ore body can be arranged to be combined with the top plate to form the high-strength stable top plate, and potential safety hazards caused by top plate breaking are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ore body recovery, and more specifically to a recovery method for a medium-thick or thicker ore body with a broken roof. Background Art

[0002] "Medium-thick or thicker ore bodies with broken roof" refers to the situation in which the roof (i.e. the rock layer above the ore body) of the ore body is broken, cracked or unstable during mining, and the thickness of these ore bodies is medium or thicker. This situation is an important safety issue in mining engineering, because the stability of the roof is directly related to the safety of miners and the production efficiency of the mine.

[0003] At present, when the roof is broken, it is necessary to add more means to reinforce the roof. With the expansion of the goaf in the mining area and the deformation and collapse of the pillars after long-term use, the safety of mining will be seriously affected. As the mining depth increases, the safety hazards caused by the broken roof will be further expanded. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with a broken roof.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A mining method for a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof, wherein the ore body is divided into sections and strips, and after the roof is supported, mining begins from the middle section of the top of the ore body, and the mining method is to mine from top to bottom to the lower section. After mining in each section is completed, the goaf is backfilled with backfill, and the mining sequence of the same sectioned stopes is alternate mining; The specific recovery steps for medium-thick and thicker ore bodies are as follows: Step 1: Segment the ore body according to its height, and then divide it into strips according to its width and the volume of the mining equipment; Step 2: Use wooden pillars and steel brackets to support the top plate of the ore body; Step 3: A rock drilling tunnel is formed from the middle stope at the top of the ore body. The ore body in the stope is crushed by shallow hole layered blasting, and then the ore is transported along the segmented horizontal tunnel by a shovel truck until the stope is mined. The goaf is backfilled, and then the goaf is moved from the horizontal tunnel outside the mine to the stope separated from the previous stope by one stope to the stopes on both sides of the middle section for mining until the segmented ore body is completely mined. Step 4: After the backfill body with top backfill solidifies, the backfill body and top plate are reinforced and supported by anchor rods and anchor cables; Step 5: Mining the ore body of the segment below the solidified filling body, forming a rock drilling tunnel from the middle stope of the segment, crushing the ore body of the stope by shallow hole layered blasting, and then transporting it along the segmented horizontal tunnel by a shovel truck until the mining of the stope is completed, backfilling the goaf, and then moving from the horizontal tunnel outside the mine to the stope separated from the previous stope by one stope to the stopes on both sides of the middle section to carry out mining work until the segment ore body is completely mined and backfilled; Step 6: Repeat step 5 until the mining of the ore body is completed.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: In the step 1, the ore body is divided into a first-step stope and a second-step stope, wherein the first-step stope and the second-step stope are arranged at intervals, and the mining sequence of the second-step stope is after the mining and backfilling work of the corresponding first-step stope is completed.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The backfilling body in step three is a kind of cement slurry backfilling body and high water-repellent material backfilling body.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The backfilling body in step 5 is a slag cement backfilling body, which is composed of cement slurry mixed with slag.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The mine-outside horizontal tunnel is located outside the ore body, and the rock drilling tunnels on the same layer are connected by the mine-outside horizontal tunnel and connected with the segmented horizontal tunnel.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: In the step 4, the lengths of the anchor rod and the anchor cable are both greater than the thickness of the top filling body and are connected to the top roof plate, and the anchor rod and the anchor cable are spaced apart.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The filling body of the top backfill in step 4 extends as a whole to both sides of the ore body and is connected to the stable rock layers on both sides through anchor rods.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: A connecting reinforcing rod is arranged between the backfills of two adjacent goaf areas.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: In this solution, each mining area is equipped with pillars as support during the mining process to improve the safety of ore mining. At the same time, after the mining and backfilling work at the top of the ore body is completed, a filling body can be set at the top of the ore body and combined with the roof to form a high-strength and stable roof, thereby solving the safety hazards caused by the broken roof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the mining area when the roof is broken and the medium-thick or thicker ore body is mined according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the top stope of the ore body of the present invention is mined and backfilled; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA part; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; See also Figure 1-3 , the following embodiments are provided: A method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with a broken roof, wherein the ore body 8 is divided into sections and strips, and after the roof 7 is supported by the roof 7, recovery is started from the middle section of the top of the ore body 8, and the recovery method is to recover from the top to the bottom to the lower section, and after the recovery of each stope is completed, the goaf is backfilled with backfill, and the recovery order of the stopes in the same section is alternate recovery; The specific mining steps for medium-thick and thicker ore bodies 8 are as follows: Step 1: Segment the ore body 8 according to its height, and then divide the ore body 8 into strips according to its width and the volume of the mining equipment, wherein the strips of the ore body 8 are divided into a first-step stope 1 and a second-step stope 2, wherein the first-step stope 1 and the second-step stope 2 are arranged at intervals; Step 2: Use wooden pillars and steel brackets to support the roof 7 at the top of the ore body 8. Before the mining work begins, the broken roof 7 is initially supported to ensure the stability and safety of the mine structure during the mining work on the top layer of the ore body 8. Step 3: A rock drilling tunnel 5 is formed by the middle section of the top of the ore body 8. The ore body 8 of the stope is crushed by shallow hole layered blasting, and then sent out along the segmented horizontal tunnel 4 by a shovel truck until the stope is mined. Then, the goaf is backfilled, and then the stope is moved from the horizontal tunnel 6 outside the mine to the stope separated by one stope from the previous stope, and the stopes on both sides of the middle section are mined until the segmented ore body 8 is completely mined. Since each section of the ore body 8 is divided into a first-step stope 1 and a second-step stope 2 set at intervals, according to the mining sequence of the first-step stope 1 and the second-step stope 2, the first-step stope 1 is first mined and backfilled completely, and then the second-step stope 2 is mined and backfilled, thereby ensuring that the second-step stope 2 or the first-step stope 1 that has been backfilled is used as a pillar to support the roof 7 structure during each excavation process, so as to avoid the collapse of the side wall and the roof 7; Step 4: After the backfill body with top backfill solidifies, the backfill body and the top plate 7 are reinforced and supported by anchor rods 3 and anchor cables. Since the backfill body in step 3 is a type of cement slurry backfill body and high-water material backfill body, and the cement slurry backfill body and the high-water material backfill body can form high-strength and stable backfill after solidification, they can replace the original top plate 7 as the new top plate 7, and support and strengthen the top top plate 7, thereby avoiding the safety hazards caused by the original broken top plate 7. The backfill body with top backfill as a whole extends to both sides of the ore body 8 and is connected to the stable rock layers on both sides through the anchor rods 3, which can share the gravity of the top plate 7 to a certain extent with the surrounding stable rock layers, further improving the stability of the top backfill body, and strengthening the connection structure between the top plate 7 and the top backfill body through the anchor rods 3 and anchor cables, and reinforcing the top backfill body and the top plate 7; Step 5: mining the ore body 8 of the segment below the solidified filling body, forming a rock drilling tunnel 5 from the middle stope of the segment, crushing the ore body 8 of the stope by shallow hole layered blasting, and then transporting it along the segmented horizontal tunnel 4 by a shovel truck until the mining of the stope is completed, backfilling the goaf, and then moving from the horizontal tunnel 6 outside the mine to the stope separated from the previous stope by one stope to the stopes on both sides of the middle section to carry out mining work until the segmented ore body 8 is completely mined and backfilled; Step six, repeat step five until the mining of the ore body 8 is completed, and the mining and backfilling work is carried out section by section from top to bottom according to the mining sequence of the first-step mining area 1 and the second-step mining area 2. The backfilling body in step five is a slag cement backfilling body, which is composed of cement slurry mixed with slag. Since the top filling body of the ore body 8 and the top plate 7 form a high-strength structure with a stable structure, the burden on the mine at the bottom is reduced. The backfilling work can be completed by the slag cement backfilling body, and slag is a common waste material, and using it as a backfill can reduce costs.

[0016] In the present invention, the mine-outside horizontal tunnel 6 is located outside the ore body 8 , and the rock drilling tunnels 5 on the same layer are connected by the mine-outside horizontal tunnel 6 and are connected to the segmented horizontal tunnel 4 .

[0017] In the present invention, a connecting reinforcing rod is provided between the backfills of two adjacent goafs. The connection between the backfills of the two adjacent goafs during solidification can be increased by providing the connecting reinforcing rod, thereby improving the integrity of the backfills in the same layer.

[0018] The top plate 7 of the ore body 8 is initially supported by conventional means such as wooden piles and steel supports to maintain the initial mining safety of medium-thick and thick ore bodies 8. Then, by segmenting and zoning, and limiting the mining sequence of the first-step mining area 1 and the second-step mining area 2, each mining area is guaranteed to have pillars as support during the mining process, thereby improving the mining safety of the ore body 8. At the same time, after the mining and backfilling work at the top of the ore body 8 is completed, a filling body on the top of the ore body can be set in combination with the top plate 7 to form a high-strength and stable top plate 7, thereby solving the safety hazard caused by the broken top plate 7.

[0019] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and its improved conception within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof, characterized in that: The ore body is divided into sections and strips. After the roof is supported, mining starts from the middle section of the top of the ore body. The mining method is to mine from top to bottom to the lower section. After the mining of each stope is completed, the goaf is backfilled. The mining sequence of the stopes in the same section is alternate mining. The specific recovery steps for medium-thick and thicker ore bodies are as follows: Step 1: Segment the ore body according to its height, and then divide it into strips according to its width and the volume of the mining equipment; Step 2: Use wooden pillars and steel brackets to support the top plate of the ore body; Step 3: A rock drilling tunnel is formed from the middle stope at the top of the ore body. The ore body in the stope is crushed by shallow hole layered blasting, and then the ore is transported along the segmented horizontal tunnel by a shovel truck until the stope is mined. The goaf is backfilled, and then the goaf is moved from the horizontal tunnel outside the mine to the stope separated from the previous stope by one stope to the stopes on both sides of the middle section for mining until the segmented ore body is completely mined. Step 4: After the backfill body with top backfill solidifies, the backfill body and top plate are reinforced and supported by anchor rods and anchor cables; Step 5: Mining the ore body of the segment below the solidified filling body, forming a rock drilling tunnel from the middle stope of the segment, crushing the ore body of the stope by shallow hole layered blasting, and then transporting it along the segmented horizontal tunnel by a shovel truck until the mining of the stope is completed, backfilling the goaf, and then moving from the horizontal tunnel outside the mine to the stope separated from the previous stope by one stope to the stopes on both sides of the middle section to carry out mining work until the segment ore body is completely mined and backfilled; Step 6: Repeat step 5 until the mining of the ore body is completed.

2. The method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the ore body is divided into a first-step stope and a second-step stope, wherein the first-step stope and the second-step stope are arranged at intervals, and the mining sequence of the second-step stope is after the mining and backfilling work of the corresponding first-step stope is completed.

3. The method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backfilling body in step three is a kind of cement slurry backfilling body and high water-repellent material backfilling body.

4. The method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backfilling body in step 5 is a slag cement backfilling body, which is composed of cement slurry mixed with slag.

5. The method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mine-outside horizontal tunnel is located outside the ore body, and the rock drilling tunnels on the same layer are connected by the mine-outside horizontal tunnel and connected with the segmented horizontal tunnel.

6. The method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the lengths of the anchor rod and the anchor cable are both greater than the thickness of the top filling body and are connected to the top roof plate, and the anchor rod and the anchor cable are spaced apart.

7. The method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling body of the top backfill in step 4 extends as a whole to both sides of the ore body and is connected to the stable rock layers on both sides through anchor rods.

8. The method for recovering a medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting reinforcing rod is arranged between the backfills of two adjacent goaf areas.

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