Parking and differential locking device, differential, speed reducer and new energy vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a parking and differential locking device, a differential, a speed reducer and a new energy vehicle. The parking and differential locking device comprises a parking ratchet wheel, a through hole extending in the axial direction of the parking ratchet wheel is formed, a plurality of ratchets are arranged on the outer circumferential face of the parking ratchet wheel, and a clamping structure is arranged on the inner wall of the through hole; the driving rod assembly comprises a driving rod, a parking driving piece and a locking driving piece, the driving rod is fixedly connected with the parking driving piece, and the driving rod is rotatably connected with the locking driving piece; the push rod assembly comprises a push rod and a cam arranged on the push rod in a sleeving mode, and the end, away from the cam, of the push rod assembly is rotationally connected with the parking driving piece; the end, away from the parking ratchet wheel, of the pawl abuts against the cam. One end of the shifting fork assembly abuts against the parking ratchet wheel. According to the invention, integration of two functions of parking and differential locking can be realized at low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a parking and differential locking device, a differential, a speed reducer and a new energy vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the number of new energy vehicles in the market has increased significantly, the use scenarios of new energy vehicles have become more and more extensive, and the requirements for the safety performance and escape ability of new energy vehicles have become higher and higher; at the same time, in order to meet the increasing functional requirements of the whole vehicle under limited space conditions, the requirements for the compactness of parts are becoming higher and higher; and as the popularity of new energy vehicles has increased rapidly, the cost control of the whole vehicle has become more and more stringent;

[0003] At present, new energy vehicles are being used more and more widely in the domestic market, and the use scenarios of the whole vehicle are becoming more and more abundant. The requirements for the off-road performance and escape ability of the whole vehicle are also getting higher and higher, and at the same time, the requirements for the safety of the whole vehicle are getting higher and higher. At present, some new energy vehicles on the market are only equipped with parking mechanisms, and some are only equipped with differential locking mechanisms (mainly SUV models with off-road requirements). The models equipped with both parking mechanisms and differential locking mechanisms use two sets of independent mechanisms, which have complex structures, more parts, occupy a large space, and have high costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a parking and differential locking device, a differential, a reducer and a new energy vehicle, which are used to solve the technical problems in the prior art that new energy vehicles have both parking and differential locking functions, such as a large number of components, a large space occupied and high cost.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a parking and differential locking device, comprising:

[0007] The parking ratchet is provided with a through hole extending in the axial direction of the parking ratchet, a plurality of ratchet teeth are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet, and a clamping structure is provided on the inner wall of the through hole;

[0008] A driving rod assembly, comprising a driving rod, a parking driving member and a locking driving member, wherein the driving rod is fixedly connected to the parking driving member, and the driving rod is rotatably connected to the locking driving member;

[0009] A push rod assembly, comprising a push rod and a cam sleeved on the push rod, wherein one end of the push rod assembly away from the cam is rotatably connected to the parking drive member;

[0010] A pawl, one end of which is away from the parking ratchet wheel and abuts against the cam;

[0011] A shift fork assembly, one end of which abuts against the parking ratchet;

[0012] The driving rod is used to drive the parking driving member to rotate when it rotates in the first direction driven by the power source, and the parking driving member drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axis direction of the push rod, so that the cam moves to a position where the pawl is pressed into a position between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet wheel;

[0013] The driving rod is also used to drive the parking driving member to rotate when it rotates in the second direction driven by the power source, and the parking driving member drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axial direction of the push rod, so that the cam moves to a position where the pawl can completely withdraw from between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet, and drives the locking driving member to rotate, and the locking driving member drives the fork assembly to move in a direction close to the reducer housing, so that the fork assembly pushes the parking ratchet to a position where the clamping structure is clamped with the differential housing and the half-shaft gear on the differential motor side.

[0014] The first direction and the second direction are two opposite rotation directions.

[0015] Preferably, the drive rod assembly also includes a first torsion spring, one end of which is connected to the locking drive component, and the other end is connected to the parking drive component. A limit block is provided on the locking drive component, and the limit block is used to limit the relative rotation angle of the parking drive component and the locking drive component along the second direction.

[0016] Preferably, the limit block is arranged on a side of the driving member away from the parking ratchet, and after the driving member rotates until the pawl completely exits the ratchet teeth of the parking ratchet, the driving member rotates to a position abutting against the limit block.

[0017] Preferably, the push rod assembly also includes a first spring, a stop portion is provided at one end of the push rod away from the parking drive member, an end of the cam away from the parking drive member is blocked by the stop portion, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the other end opposite to the cam is fixedly connected to the cam.

[0018] Preferably, the push rod assembly also includes a limit member, the inner wall of the limit member abuts against the outer wall of the cam, the inner wall where the limit member abuts against the cam is a frustum, and the end with a larger diameter of the frustum faces the parking drive member, and the outer wall where the cam abuts against the limit member is a frustum, and the end with a larger diameter of the frustum faces the parking drive member.

[0019] Preferably, the fork assembly includes a fork shaft, a fork, a second spring and a first pin, a linear guide groove is provided on the locking drive member, one end of the first pin passes through the linear guide groove, and the other opposite end passes through the fork shaft, the fork is sleeved on the fork shaft, a limiting surface is provided on the fork shaft, the limiting surface is located on the side of the fork away from the locking drive member, the axial movement of the fork approaching the parking ratchet is blocked by the limiting surface, one end of the second spring is connected to the fork, and the other opposite end is connected to the fork shaft.

[0020] Preferably, a circle of annular groove is provided on the side of the parking ratchet wheel close to the locking assembly, and a protrusion extending in the direction of the axis of the parking ratchet wheel is provided on the shift fork, and the protrusion is embedded in the annular groove, and the limit member is pressed on the reducer housing, and the axis of the push rod and the axis of the shift fork shaft are parallel to the axis of the driving rod. It also includes a second pin and a second torsion spring, the second pin is rotatably connected to the reducer housing, and the pawl is rotatably connected to the second pin. Once the second torsion spring is connected to the reducer housing, the other opposite end abuts against the pawl.

[0021] In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a differential, including a differential case, a half-shaft gear on the reducer side, a half-shaft gear on the motor side, planetary gears, a planetary gear shaft and a parking and differential locking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the planetary gears rotate synchronously with the differential case, and the planetary gears are respectively meshed with the half-shaft gears on the reducer side and the half-shaft gears on the motor side, a first keyway is provided on the reducer case, and a second keyway is provided on the half-shaft gear on the motor side, and when the clamping structure of the parking ratchet is inserted into the first keyway and the second keyway, the differential is in a locked state.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a speed reducer, comprising the parking and differential locking device described in the first aspect or the differential described in the second aspect.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a new energy vehicle, which includes the differential described in the second aspect or the reducer described in the third aspect.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The parking and differential locking device, differential, speed reducer and new energy vehicle of the present invention drive the push rod assembly and the fork assembly to move through the drive rod, the parking drive and the locking drive in the drive rod assembly, so that the push rod assembly presses the pawl into the position between the two adjacent ratchets on the parking ratchet to realize the parking function. Or the push rod assembly is driven to move so that the pawl is disengaged from the two adjacent ratchets on the parking ratchet to realize the parking release, and the fork assembly can continue to drive the parking ratchet to the position where the clamping structure is clamped with the differential housing and the axle gear on the side of the differential motor to realize the differential locking. The present invention realizes the two functions of parking and differential locking through the ratchets and the clamping structure respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the parking ratchet, and the present invention only needs one power source to drive the parking ratchet to realize the above two functions without two sets of mechanisms. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention has a simpler structure when realizing the two functions of parking and differential locking at the same time, and the device is smaller in size and lower in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiment of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the parking and differential locking device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the parking and differential locking device with a driving motor of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a front view of the parking and differential locking device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the principle diagram of parking of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a push rod assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the driving rod assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the push rod assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fork assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the differential locking of the present invention.

[0035] Parts and their numbers in the picture:

[0036] Parking ratchet 1, annular groove 11, through hole 12, clamping structure 13, tooth groove 14, pawl 2, second pin 21, second torsion spring 22, drive rod assembly 3, drive rod 31, parking drive member 32, locking drive member 33, limit block 331, linear guide groove 332, first torsion spring 34, push rod assembly 4, push rod 41, stopper 411, cam 42, first spring 43, limit member 44, spring washer 45, shift fork assembly 5, shift fork shaft 51, shift fork 52, protrusion 521, second spring 53, first pin 54, differential housing 61, first keyway 611, reducer side half-shaft gear 62, second keyway 621, motor side half-shaft gear 63, planetary gear 64, motor 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, the term "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the phrase "comprising..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the elements. If there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a parking and differential locking device, which has both parking and differential locking functions. The device mainly includes a parking ratchet 1, a drive rod assembly 3, a push rod 41 assembly 4, a pawl 2 and a fork assembly 5.

[0040] The parking ratchet 1 is provided with a through hole 12 extending in the axial direction of the parking ratchet 1, a plurality of ratchet teeth are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet 1, and a clamping structure 13 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 12;

[0041] The parking ratchet 1 can move back and forth along its axis. The parking ratchet 1 of this embodiment is a structural form with a through hole 12 in the middle. The axis direction of the through hole 12 is parallel to the direction in which the parking ratchet 1 moves back and forth. In order to cooperate with the pawl 2 to realize the parking function, a plurality of ratchets are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet 1 in this embodiment. These ratchets are arranged along the circumferential direction of the parking ratchet 1, and tooth grooves 14 are formed between two adjacent ratchets. When the ratchets on the pawl 2 enter the tooth grooves 14, the parking ratchet 1 is stuck by the pawl 2 and cannot rotate, so that the reducer is in the parking state. The clamping structure 13 of the inner wall of the through hole 12 can adopt a protrusion 521 structure from the inner wall of the through hole 12 toward the axis direction of the through hole 12. Through the above-mentioned structure, the parking function and the differential locking function can be concentrated on the parking ratchet 1, and because the ratchet and the clamping structure 13 are respectively located on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet 1 and the inner wall of the through hole 12, and the extension directions of the ratchet and the clamping structure 13 are opposite, the integrated parking and differential locking functions will inevitably affect each other.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the driving rod assembly 3 includes a driving rod 31, a parking driving member 32 and a locking driving member 33, wherein the driving rod 31 is fixedly connected to the parking driving member 32, and the driving rod 31 is rotatably connected to the locking driving member 33;

[0043] The fixed connection between the driving rod 31 and the parking driving member 32 means that there is no relative movement between the driving rod 31 and the parking driving member 32 after the two are connected. The parking driving member 32 can be a plate-shaped structure. In a specific implementation, the parking driving plate and the driving rod 31 are fixed together by riveting or welding. The locking driving member 33 and the driving rod 31 are matched with a small gap, so that the locking driving plate and the driving rod 31 can rotate relative to each other.

[0044] The push rod 41 assembly 4 in this embodiment mainly includes a push rod 41 and a cam 42 sleeved on the push rod 41, and one end of the push rod 41 assembly 4 away from the cam 42 is rotatably connected to the parking drive member 32; the push rod 41 assembly 4 is mainly used to drive the pawl 2 to be inserted into the tooth groove 14, or to be disengaged from the tooth groove 14.

[0045] like Figure 4As shown, the end of the pawl 2 away from the parking ratchet 1 abuts against the cam 42; when the cam 42 moves away from the driving rod 31, the cam 42 can rotate the pawl 2 toward the parking ratchet 1. When the cam 42 moves toward the driving rod 31, the cam 42 leaves space for the pawl 2 to withdraw from the tooth groove 14.

[0046] One end of the shift fork assembly 5 is in contact with the parking ratchet 1 ; driven by the parking drive member 32 , the shift fork assembly 5 can shift the parking ratchet 1 to move along its own axial direction.

[0047] The driving rod 31 is used to drive the parking driving member 32 to rotate when it rotates in the first direction driven by the power source, and the parking driving member 32 drives the push rod 41 and the cam 42 to move along the axis direction of the push rod 41, so that the cam 42 moves to a position where the pawl 2 is pressed into between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet wheel 1;

[0048] The power source may be a motor 7, and the drive rod 31 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when parking is required, the output shaft of the motor 7 rotates in the first direction, driving the driving rod 31 to rotate in the first direction. The driving rod 31 drives the parking driving member 32 to rotate in the first direction, and the parking driving member 32 drives the push rod 41 to move in the direction close to the ratchet wheel, and the push rod 41 drives the cam 42 to move in the direction close to the ratchet wheel. During the movement, the cam 42 gradually moves the pawl 2 in the direction close to the ratchet tooth groove 14 until the parking ratchet 1 is stuck by the pawl 2 and cannot rotate. At this time, the reducer is in the parking state.

[0049] like Fig. 9 As shown, the driving rod 31 is also used to drive the locking driving member 33 to rotate when it rotates in the second direction driven by the power source, and the locking driving member 33 drives the fork assembly 5 to move in the direction close to the reducer housing, so that the fork assembly 5 pushes the parking ratchet 1 to move to the position where the clamping structure 13 is clamped with the differential housing 61 and the half-shaft gear on the differential motor side, and drives the parking driving member 32 to rotate, and the parking driving member 32 drives the push rod 41 and the cam 42 to move along the axis direction of the push rod 41, so that the cam 42 moves to a position where the pawl 2 can completely withdraw from between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet 1. The first direction and the second direction are two opposite rotation directions.

[0050] When it is necessary to release the parking brake, the motor 7 drives the driving rod 31 to rotate in the second direction, the driving rod 31 drives the parking driving member 32 to rotate in the second direction, and the parking driving member 32 drives the push rod 41 and the cam 42 to retreat along the axis direction of the push toward the driving rod 31. During the retreat of the cam 42, the position where the cam 42 is tightly pressed against the pawl 2 gradually moves away from the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet wheel, so that the pawl 2 can withdraw from the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet wheel. When the cam 42 moves to the point where the pawl 2 can completely withdraw from the tooth groove 14, the ratchet wheel can rotate, and the reducer is in a state of releasing the parking brake. When the parking is released, if the motor 7 drives the drive rod 31 to continue to rotate in the second direction, the parking drive 32 drives the lock seat drive to rotate in the second direction, and the locking drive 33 drives the shift fork 52 to park and push the parking ratchet 1 to move. When the parking ratchet 1 moves to its clamping structure 13 and is clamped with the differential housing 61 and the motor side half-shaft gear, the parking ratchet 1, the differential housing 61 and the motor side half-shaft gear 63 are locked, and the three parts cannot rotate relative to each other, thereby locking the planetary gear 64 and the reducer side half-shaft gear, so that the reducer side half-shaft gear 62 and the motor side half-shaft gear 63 have the same rotation speed, thereby realizing the differential locking function.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, as an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the drive rod assembly 3 also includes a first torsion spring 34, one end of the first torsion spring 34 is connected to the locking drive 33, and the other end oppositely is connected to the parking drive 32, and a limit block 331 is provided on the locking drive 33, and the limit block 331 is used to limit the relative rotation angle of the parking drive 32 and the locking drive 33 along the second direction.

[0052] Since the parking drive 32 is fixedly connected to the driving rod 31, the driving rod 31 can directly drive the parking drive 32 to rotate, while the locking drive 33 is rotationally connected to the driving rod 31, and the locking drive 33 can rotate relative to the driving rod 31, so the driving rod 31 cannot directly drive the locking drive 33 to rotate. When the driving rod 31 rotates in the first direction to make the pawl 2 engage in the tooth groove 14 of the parking ratchet 1, the parking drive 32 also rotates in the first direction by a certain angle with the driving rod 31. At this time, under the elastic force of the torsion spring, the locking drive 33 also rotates in the first direction, thereby driving the shift fork assembly 5 to shift the parking ratchet 1 to a position where the clamping structure 13 is disengaged from the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63, thereby ensuring that when the parking state is triggered, the differential locking function is in a non-triggered state.

[0053] If the differential locking function is to be triggered, the driving rod 31 needs to rotate in the second direction. When the driving rod 31 rotates in the second direction, the parking driving member 32 is first driven to rotate in the second direction by a certain angle, so that the pawl 2 just disengages from the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet wheel. However, during this process, the locking driving member 33 has not yet rotated to a position where the clamping structure 13 enters the key groove of the differential housing 61 and the motor-side axle gear 63. At this time, the differential is still in the unlocked state. Only when the driving rod 31 continues to rotate in the second direction until the clamping structure 13 locks the differential housing 61 and the motor-side axle gear 63, the differential is in the locked state. Since the pawl 2 has exited the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet wheel before the differential is in the locked state, when the differential locking state is triggered, the parking state of the reducer will not be triggered.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, as an optional implementation, in this embodiment, the limit block 331 is arranged on the side of the driving member away from the parking ratchet 1, and after the driving member rotates to make the pawl 2 completely withdraw from the ratchet teeth of the parking ratchet 1, the driving member rotates to a position abutting against the limit block 331. After adopting the above structure, before the pawl 2 completely withdraws from the ratchet teeth, the parking driving member 32 will not drive the clamping structure 13 to lock the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63, thereby ensuring that the parking state and the differential locking state will not be triggered at the same time.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, as an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the push rod 41 assembly 4 also includes a first spring 43, and a stop portion 411 is provided at one end of the push rod 41 away from the parking drive member 32, and the end of the cam 42 away from the parking drive member 32 is blocked by the stop portion 411, and one end of the first spring 43 is fixedly connected to the push rod 41, and the other end opposite to the first spring 43 is fixedly connected to the cam 42.

[0056] The first spring 43 is preloaded between the cam 42 and the end of the push rod 41 away from the ratchet. In specific implementation, a stop ring can be provided at the end of the push rod 41 close to the parking drive 32, one end of the first spring 43 abuts against the stop ring, and the other end opposite to the cam 42 abuts against the cam 42. The stop ring can be a spring washer 45. The two ends of the push rod 41 are limited by roughening and stamping, and the cam 42, the preload spring, and the spring washer 45 are installed in the middle of the push rod 41.

[0057] When the parking drive 32 drives the push rod 41 to move toward the parking ratchet 1, the first spring 43 is compressed to produce elastic deformation. Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the first spring 43, the cam 42 is pushed forward by the spring. If the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 are just above the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet at this time, the cam 42 will gradually press the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 into the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet during the forward movement. If the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 are just above the ratchet teeth of the parking ratchet 1 at this time, the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 cannot be pressed into the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet. Due to the obstruction of the pawl 2, the ratchet cannot continue to move forward, but the push rod 41 can still continue to move forward driven by the parking drive 32. When the parking ratchet 1 rotates to the point where the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 are just above the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet, the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 will be pressed into the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet by the cam 42.

[0058] When the parking state is to be released, the push rod 41 retreats under the drive of the parking drive 32, and the stopper 411 on the push rod 41 can push the cam 42 to retreat together, and then the pawl 2 can withdraw from the ratchet tooth groove 14, thereby realizing the parking release function.

[0059] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the push rod 41 assembly 4 also includes a limit member 44, the inner wall of the limit member 44 abuts against the outer wall of the cam 42, the inner wall of the limit member 44 abutting against the cam 42 is a frustum, and the end of the frustum with a larger diameter faces the parking drive member 32, and the outer wall of the cam 42 abutting against the limit member 44 is a frustum, and the end of the frustum with a larger diameter faces the parking drive member 32.

[0060] The stopper 44 is press-fitted on the reducer housing. When the cam 42 moves toward the ratchet wheel driven by the push rod 41, the contact position between the truncated cone of the stopper 44 and the cam 42 gradually approaches the direction of the ratchet wheel center axis. Therefore, the cam 42 is pressed down by the truncated cone of the stopper 44 while moving forward. The cam 42 also presses down the pawl 2 during the pressing process, so that the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 enter the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet wheel.

[0061] like Figure 8As shown, as an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the fork assembly 5 includes a fork shaft 51, a fork 52, a second spring 53 and a first pin 54, and a linear guide groove 332 is provided on the locking drive member 33, one end of the first pin 54 passes through the linear guide groove 332, and the other opposite end passes through the fork shaft 51, the fork 52 is sleeved on the fork shaft 51, and a limited position surface is provided on the fork shaft 51, and the limited position surface is located on the side of the fork 52 away from the locking drive member 33, and the movement of the fork 52 axially approaching the parking ratchet 1 is blocked by the limited position surface, and one end of the second spring 53 is connected to the fork 52, and the other opposite end is connected to the fork shaft 51.

[0062] When the locking driving member 33 rotates in the second direction, on the one hand, the locking driving member 33 pushes the fork shaft 51 to make a linear motion along its own axis toward the ratchet wheel, and on the other hand, the second pin 21 connected to the fork 52 makes a linear motion relative to the locking driving member 33 along the guide direction of the linear guide groove 332. When the fork shaft 51 moves toward the ratchet wheel, the second spring 53 is compressed, and under the action of the restoring force of the second spring 53, the fork 52 moves the ratchet wheel toward the direction of the reducer housing. When the ratchet wheel is moved to the point where its clamping structure 13 is clamped into the keyway of the differential housing 61 and the motor side half-shaft gear 63, the planetary gear 64 and the reducer side half-shaft gear are locked by the ratchet and cannot rotate relative to each other, thereby locking the differential.

[0063] The device of this embodiment also includes a second pin 21 and a second torsion spring 22. The second pin 21 is rotatably connected to the reducer housing, the pawl 2 is rotatably connected to the second pin 21, one end of the second torsion spring 22 is connected to the reducer housing, and the other end is in contact with the pawl 2. The second pin 21 is in clearance fit with the pawl 2 and the reducer housing. When the cam 42 presses down the pawl 2, the pawl 2 rotates around the axis of the second pin 21, and the second torsion spring 22 is elastically deformed. When the cam 42 moves up and retreats, the pawl 2 rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the restoring force of the second torsion spring 22, so that the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 quickly exit the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet wheel.

[0064] As an optional but advantageous implementation, in this embodiment, a circle of annular groove 11 is provided on the side of the parking ratchet 1 close to the locking assembly, and a protrusion 521 portion extending toward the axial direction of the parking ratchet 1 is provided on the fork 52, and the protrusion 521 portion is embedded in the annular groove 11.

[0065] The width of the annular groove 11 is slightly larger than the width of the protrusion 521 on the fork 52 . When the fork 52 moves forward and backward, the force exerted by the protrusion 521 on the annular groove 11 pushes the parking ratchet 1 to move in the axial direction.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a differential, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the differential includes a differential housing 61, a reducer side half-shaft gear 62, a motor side half-shaft gear 63, a planetary gear 64, a planetary gear 64 shaft and the parking and differential locking device described in Example 1, the planetary gear 64 rotates synchronously with the differential housing 61, and the planetary gear 64 is respectively meshed with the reducer side half-shaft gear 62 and the motor side half-shaft gear 63, the reducer housing is provided with a first keyway 611, and the motor side half-shaft gear 63 is provided with a second keyway 621, when the clamping structure 13 of the parking ratchet 1 is inserted into the first keyway 611 and the second keyway 621, the differential is in a locked state.

[0068] The planetary gear 64 and the differential housing 61 are an integrated structure. In other embodiments, the planetary gear 64 and the differential housing 61 can be fixedly connected so that the planetary gear 64 and the differential housing 61 rotate synchronously. The length of the clamping structure 13 of the parking ratchet 1 can be set to exceed the height of the first keyway 611, so that the clamping structure 13 can be inserted into the differential housing 61 and the motor side axle gear 63 at the same time to lock the two.

[0069] Since the differential in this embodiment adopts the parking and differential locking device in Embodiment 1, this embodiment can simultaneously realize the parking and differential locking functions with a simple mechanism and low cost.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This embodiment provides a speed reducer, which includes the parking and differential locking device described in Embodiment 1 or the differential described in Embodiment 2.

[0072] Since the differential in this embodiment adopts the parking and differential locking device in Embodiment 1, or the differential described in Embodiment 2, this embodiment can simultaneously realize the parking and differential locking functions with a simple mechanism and low cost.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] This embodiment provides a new energy vehicle, which includes the differential in Embodiment 2 or the reducer in Embodiment 3.

[0075] Since the differential of the new energy vehicle in this embodiment adopts the differential in Embodiment 2 or the reducer in Embodiment 3, this embodiment can simultaneously realize the functions of parking and differential locking with a simple mechanism and at a low cost.

[0076] The above is a detailed introduction to the parking and differential locking device, differential, speed reducer and new energy vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the system, module and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Parking and differential locking devices, It is characterized in that include: A parking ratchet is provided with a through hole extending in the axial direction of the parking ratchet, a plurality of ratchet teeth are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet, and a clamping structure is provided on the inner wall of the through hole; A driving rod assembly, comprising a driving rod, a parking driving member and a locking driving member, wherein the driving rod is fixedly connected to the parking driving member, and the driving rod is rotatably connected to the locking driving member; A push rod assembly, comprising a push rod and a cam sleeved on the push rod, wherein one end of the push rod assembly away from the cam is rotatably connected to the parking drive member; A pawl, one end of which is away from the parking ratchet wheel and abuts against the cam; A shift fork assembly, one end of which is in contact with the parking ratchet and the other end of which is connected to the locking drive member; The driving rod is used to drive the parking driving member to rotate when it rotates in the first direction driven by the power source, and the parking driving member drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axis direction of the push rod, so that the cam moves to a position where the pawl is pressed into a position between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet wheel; The driving rod is also used to drive the parking driving member to rotate when it rotates in the second direction driven by the power source, and the parking driving member drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axial direction of the push rod, so that the cam moves to a position where the pawl can completely withdraw from between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet, and drives the locking driving member to rotate, and the locking driving member drives the fork assembly to move in a direction close to the reducer housing, so that the fork assembly pushes the parking ratchet to a position where the clamping structure is clamped with the differential housing and the half-shaft gear on the differential motor side. The first direction and the second direction are two opposite rotation directions.

2. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The driving rod assembly also includes a first torsion spring, one end of which is connected to the locking drive component, and the other end of which is connected to the parking drive component. A limit block is provided on the locking drive component, and the limit block is used to limit the relative rotation angle of the parking drive component and the locking drive component along the second direction.

3. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The limit block is arranged on a side of the driving member away from the parking ratchet. After the driving member rotates to make the pawl completely withdraw from the ratchet teeth of the parking ratchet, the driving member rotates to a position abutting against the limit block.

4. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The push rod assembly also includes a first spring, a stop portion is provided at one end of the push rod away from the parking drive member, an end of the cam away from the parking drive member is blocked by the stop portion, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the other end opposite to the first spring is fixedly connected to the cam.

5. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The push rod assembly also includes a limit member, the inner wall of the limit member abuts against the outer wall of the cam, the inner wall where the limit member abuts against the cam is a frustum, and the end with a larger diameter of the frustum faces the parking drive member, and the outer wall where the cam abuts against the limit member is a frustum, and the end with a larger diameter of the frustum faces the parking drive member.

6. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The fork assembly includes a fork shaft, a fork, a second spring and a first pin. A linear guide groove is provided on the locking drive member. One end of the first pin passes through the linear guide groove, and the other opposite end passes through the fork shaft. The fork is sleeved on the fork shaft. A limiting surface is provided on the fork shaft. The limiting surface is located on a side of the fork away from the locking drive member. The movement of the fork axially approaching the parking ratchet is blocked by the limiting surface. One end of the second spring is connected to the fork, and the other opposite end is connected to the fork shaft.

7. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 6, It is characterized in that A circle of annular groove is provided on the side of the parking ratchet wheel close to the locking assembly, and a protrusion extending toward the axis direction of the parking ratchet wheel is provided on the shift fork, and the protrusion is embedded in the annular groove. The limiter is pressed on the reducer housing, and the axis of the push rod and the axis of the shift fork shaft are parallel to the axis of the drive rod. It also includes a second pin and a second torsion spring. The second pin is rotatably connected to the reducer housing, and the pawl is rotatably connected to the second pin. One end of the second torsion spring is connected to the reducer housing, and the other opposite end abuts against the pawl.

8. Differential, It is characterized in that It includes a differential case, a half-shaft gear on the reducer side, a half-shaft gear on the motor side, a planetary gear and a parking and differential locking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the planetary gear rotates synchronously with the differential case, the planetary gear is respectively meshed with the half-shaft gear on the reducer side and the half-shaft gear on the motor side, the reducer case is provided with a first keyway, the motor side half-shaft gear is provided with a second keyway, and when the clamping structure of the parking ratchet is inserted into the first keyway and the second keyway, the differential is in a locked state.

9. Reducer, It is characterized in that The invention comprises the parking and differential locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the differential according to claim 8.

10. New energy vehicles, It is characterized in that Includes the differential in claim 8 or the speed reducer in claim 9.

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