Method for rapidly detecting saponin in quinoa grains and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for rapidly detecting saponin in quinoa grains and application. The method comprises the following steps: weighing a quinoa grain sample; putting the weighed chenopodium quinoa willd grain sample into a water-containing container; fully stirring and standing to form foam; directly measuring the height of the formed foam; and estimating the saponin content in the quinoa grains according to the foam height. According to the method, the saponin content is rapidly evaluated through simple measurement of the foam height, the method is suitable for rapid screening of large-batch samples, the cost is reduced, and the efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of food safety and crop quality analysis, and relates to a method for quickly detecting saponin from quinoa seeds and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a food crop with high nutritional value, quinoa is widely grown and consumed around the world. The seed coat of quinoa grains is rich in saponins. This natural active substance not only has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant physiological functions, but also shows good application prospects in the fields of food and biopharmaceuticals. Despite this, high levels of saponins have a negative impact on the edible quality of quinoa, such as bitter taste, poor taste, and dislike among young people. Therefore, it is particularly important to quickly determine its content. Existing methods for determining saponin content, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography, are accurate, but they are complex, time-consuming and costly to operate, and are not suitable for large-scale initial screening of germplasm evaluation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a fast, simple, low-cost and effective method for qualitatively analyzing the saponin content in quinoa seeds. The saponin content is estimated by measuring the height of the foam formed after stirring in water, so as to quickly screen out quinoa varieties with high saponin and low saponin.

[0004] According to the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for quickly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Weigh quinoa grain samples;

[0006] S2. placing the weighed quinoa grain sample in a container containing water;

[0007] S3, stir thoroughly and let stand to form foam;

[0008] S4, directly measuring the height of the foam formed;

[0009] S5. According to the foam height, a grading standard is established and the saponin content in quinoa seeds is estimated according to the standard.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight of the quinoa seed sample is 0.01 to 0.05 grams.

[0011] Furthermore, the amount of water is 0.1 to 1 ml.

[0012] Furthermore, the stirring step includes using mechanical vibration or manual shaking.

[0013] Further, the foam height measurement was performed immediately after stirring.

[0014] Furthermore, the measured foam height is compared with a pre-set standard to determine the saponin content level of the quinoa seed sample.

[0015] According to another object of the present invention, the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds, which is used for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention discloses a method for rapidly detecting saponin from quinoa seeds and its application, which rapidly evaluates the saponin content by simple foam height measurement, is suitable for rapid screening of large batches of samples, and not only reduces costs but also greatly improves efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the test results of quinoa seed foam saponin in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] Embodiment 1:

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for quickly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. Weigh 0.03 g of quinoa seeds and put them into a 2 ml microcentrifuge tube;

[0023] S2. Add 0.3 ml of sterile water (purified water) to the centrifuge tube and let it stand for 2 hours to extract saponins from the outer skin of the grain;

[0024] S3. After shaking vigorously for 10 seconds, measure the height of the foam in the test tube;

[0025] S4. Grade assessment: A: 0~0.4cm; B: 0.5~0.8cm; C: 0.9~1.2cm; D: 1.4~2cm.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, a method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0028] Weigh 0.03 g of TJ-W2 germplasm with white grain color from Dongchuan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, add 0.3 ml of sterile water and let it stand for 2 hours, then shake it vigorously for 10 seconds. The foam height in the test tube is measured to be 0.4 cm, which is classified as grade A.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, a method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0031] Weigh 0.03 g of the germplasm L2022 DLH-3 with light yellow grain color from the Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, add 0.3 ml of sterile water and let it stand for 2 hours, then shake it vigorously for 10 seconds. The foam height in the test tube is measured to be 0.8 cm, which is classified as grade B.

[0032] Example 4

[0033] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, a method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0034] Weigh 0.03 g of the yellow-seeded germplasm Lm zy-134 from the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, add 0.3 ml of sterile water and let stand for 2 h, then shake vigorously for 10 s. The foam height in the test tube is measured to be 1.2 cm, which is classified as grade C.

[0035] Example 5

[0036] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, a method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0037] Weigh 0.03 g of the germplasm JQ-01232 from Peru with white grain color into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, add 0.3 ml of sterile water, let it stand for 2 hours, shake it vigorously for 10 seconds, and measure the foam height in the test tube to be 1.6 cm, which is classified as grade D.

[0038] Example 6

[0039] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the standard method for extracting saponins from quinoa seeds includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Weigh 0.03 g of quinoa seed powder and put it into a 2 ml small centrifuge tube;

[0041] S2. Add 1.5 ml of 90% anhydrous ethanol to a centrifuge tube, treat with 300W ultrasound at 60°C for 50 min, and centrifuge at 3500 r / min for 15 min.

[0042] S3. Measure the absorbance at 550nm and calculate the saponin content according to the formula

[0043] Saponin content (mg / g) = cV / M

[0044] In the formula: c is the concentration of saponin in the extract / mg / mL; V is the fixed volume of the extract / mL; M is the mass of quinoa powder / g.

[0045] Example 7

[0046] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the standard method for extracting saponins from quinoa seeds includes the following steps:

[0047] Weigh 0.03 g of quinoa seed powder from germplasm TJ-W2 in Dongchuan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, add 1.5 ml of 90% anhydrous ethanol, treat at 300W ultrasound at 60°C for 50 min, centrifuge at 3500 r / min for 15 min, and finally measure the absorbance at 550 nm. The saponin content is calculated to be 1.23 mg / g according to the formula, and is classified as grade A as shown in Table 2.

[0048] Example 8

[0049] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, a method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0050] Weigh 0.03 g of quinoa seed powder from the Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences germplasm L2022 DLH-3 into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, add 1.5 ml of 90% anhydrous ethanol, treat at 300 W ultrasonic at 60 ° C for 50 min, centrifuge at 3500 r / min for 15 min, and finally measure the absorbance at 550 nm. The saponin content is calculated to be 1.34 mg / g according to the formula, and is classified as grade B as shown in Table 2.

[0051] Example 9

[0052] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, a method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0053] Weigh 0.03 g of quinoa seed powder from the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences germplasm Lm zy-134 into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, add 1.5 ml of 90% anhydrous ethanol and treat it at 300W ultrasound at 60°C for 50 min, centrifuge at 3500 r / min for 15 min, and finally measure the absorbance at 550 nm. The saponin content is calculated to be 1.60 mg / g according to the formula, and it is classified as grade C as shown in Table 2.

[0054] Example 10

[0055] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, a method for quickly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds comprises the following steps: weighing 0.03 g of quinoa seed powder derived from Peruvian germplasm JQ-01232 into a 2 ml centrifuge tube, adding 1.5 ml of 90% anhydrous ethanol, treating at 300 W ultrasonic at 60 ° C for 50 min, centrifuging at 3500 r / min for 15 min, and finally measuring the absorbance at 550 nm. The saponin content is calculated according to the formula to be 2.69 mg / g, and divided into grades as shown in Table 2.

[0056] Table 1 Results of saponin foam test in different quinoa germplasm seeds

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[0065] Continued

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[0067]

[0068] Table 2 shows the saponin content of quinoa seeds actually determined through experimental extraction.

[0069] Table 2 Results of extraction and content determination of saponins in seeds of different quinoa germplasms

[0070]

[0071] The invention discloses a method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds, which can rapidly evaluate the saponin content by simple foam height measurement, and is suitable for rapid screening of large batches of samples. This method not only reduces costs, but also greatly improves efficiency, and is particularly useful in the context of preliminary screening and germplasm resource evaluation.

[0072] The present invention is based on a method for determining physical foaming properties, which utilizes the natural properties of saponins as surfactants. Simple physical stirring can generate quantifiable foam, and the height of the foam is directly correlated with the saponin content. The advantages of this method are its simplicity and low cost, making it a particularly suitable tool for large-scale evaluation and preliminary screening of germplasm resources.

[0073] The rapid detection method of the present invention can provide important technical support for the germplasm improvement, quality control and development of functional foods of quinoa, and has practical significance for promoting the development of the quinoa industry. In practical applications, the method can be used as a rapid screening tool to greatly reduce the number of samples that require the use of more expensive and complex technologies in the initial screening stage, thereby achieving the goals of efficiency and economy in a research and development environment with limited resources.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Weigh quinoa grain samples; S2. Place the weighed quinoa grain sample in a small container containing water; S3, stir thoroughly and let stand to form foam; S4, directly measuring the height of the foam formed; S5. According to the foam height, a grading standard is established and the saponin content in quinoa seeds is estimated according to the standard.

2. The method for rapidly detecting saponins from quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight of the quinoa seed sample is 0.01 to 0.05 grams.

3. The method for rapid detection of saponins from quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of water is 0.1 to 1 ml.

4. The method for rapid detection of saponins from quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring step may include the use of mechanical vibration or manual shaking.

5. The method for rapid detection of saponins from quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam height was measured immediately after stirring.

6. The method for rapid detection of saponins from quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measured foam height was compared with a pre-set standard to determine the saponin content level of the quinoa seed sample.

7. The method for rapid detection of saponins from quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solvent extraction is carried out by mixing the organic solvent with 1.5-2.0 ml of powder: 0.01-0.05 g, ultrasonic extraction and centrifugation.

8. The method for rapid detection of saponins from quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic extraction operation was carried out at 300W ultrasound and 60℃ for 50min, and the centrifugal operation was carried out at 3500r / min for 15min.

9. An application of the method for rapid detection of saponins from quinoa seeds according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: Used for rapid detection of saponins in quinoa seeds.

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