Method and device for evaluating pathogenic bacterium risk of flowing water area based on machine learning

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for evaluating pathogenic bacteria risk of a flowing water area based on machine learning, and belongs to the technical field of water sample treatment. The device comprises a storage vessel, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, one side of the storage vessel is provided with a liquid supply pipe system used for extracting a water sample from a flowing water area, the liquid supply pipe system is connected with a water sample treatment mechanism, the water sample treatment mechanism is used for outputting bacterial liquid to be detected into the storage vessel, and the water sample treatment mechanism comprises a primary centrifugal filtration assembly and a secondary centrifugal filtration assembly. The water sample is treated through the first-stage centrifugal filtration assembly and the second-stage centrifugal filtration assembly, impurities in the water sample are removed, bacteria are enriched to form a to-be-detected bacteria solution, and a filter membrane is rotated in the bacteria enrichment process, so that the bacteria enrichment efficiency is improved, the filter membrane is prevented from being blocked, the condition that the to-be-detected bacteria solution is difficult to culture due to unknown bacteria types in a water area is eliminated, and the detection accuracy is improved. The analysis and evaluation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water sample processing, and specifically relates to a method and device for evaluating the risk of pathogens in flowing waters based on machine learning analysis of optical intensity data. Background Art

[0002] As water pollution becomes increasingly serious, pathogen monitoring and risk assessment in flowing waters have become an important topic in the field of public health. At present, there are a variety of technical means for detecting pathogens in water bodies, including culture method, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), etc. These methods have made significant progress in identifying pathogens in water samples and can provide relatively accurate results. The culture method can effectively cultivate active pathogens through appropriate culture media and conditions; PCR technology uses the principles of molecular biology to quickly detect the presence of pathogens by amplifying specific DNA or RNA sequences. In addition, ELISA technology uses the specific reaction of antibodies and antigens to quantitatively detect the concentration of pathogens in water samples in a relatively short time. These existing technologies provide a basis for the monitoring of pathogens in flowing waters.

[0003] However, the existing technology still has some shortcomings in practical applications. First, although the traditional culture method can identify active pathogens from water samples, it takes a long time to obtain results, which is difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection. Although molecular detection methods such as PCR have high sensitivity, they often rely on prior knowledge of specific pathogen sequences, so pathogens of unknown types cannot be effectively detected. In addition, pathogens in flowing waters may exist in different growth forms, including adherent growth and suspended growth. Water sample processing is difficult, and existing technologies are difficult to fully assess their risks. Finally, the existing water sample processing methods involve a large number of manual operations, which are inefficient and easily affected by the skill level of the operator. Therefore, the development of a method and device for assessing the risk of pathogens in flowing waters based on machine learning will be able to achieve efficient and accurate assessment of pathogens in flowing waters, which has important practical significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for assessing the risk of pathogens in flowing waters based on machine learning optical intensity data in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A device for assessing pathogenic bacteria risk in flowing waters based on machine learning, comprising a storage dish, the storage dish being used to store a bacterial solution to be tested and a fluorescent probe, and a liquid supply pipe system for extracting water samples from the flowing waters is provided on one side of the storage dish, the output end of the liquid supply pipe system is connected to a water sample processing mechanism, the water sample processing mechanism is used to output the bacterial solution to be tested into the storage dish, the device also comprises a data acquisition module for collecting optical intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested in the storage dish, and a data processing module for analyzing pathogenic bacteria risk based on the optical intensity data and a machine learning algorithm model; Among them, the water sample processing mechanism includes a primary centrifugal filter component and a secondary centrifugal filter component. The primary centrifugal filter component is used to filter the water sample, and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component is input into the secondary centrifugal filter component. The secondary centrifugal filter component is used to perform bacterial enrichment treatment on the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component to form the bacterial liquid to be tested.

[0006] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the first-stage centrifugal filter assembly includes a filter tank, a slag discharge pipe rotatably arranged at the bottom of the filter tank, a first skeleton fixedly arranged at the top of the slag discharge pipe, a first filter membrane arranged on the surface of the first skeleton, a two-way valve arranged at the bottom of the slag discharge pipe, and a first driving member for rotating the slag discharge pipe. The top of the first skeleton is rotatably arranged on the inner side of the filter tank, and a first water outlet is provided on one side of the bottom of the filter tank.

[0007] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the secondary centrifugal filter assembly includes an enrichment tank connected to the first water outlet, a drainage pipe rotatably arranged at the bottom of the enrichment tank, a second skeleton fixedly arranged at the top of the drainage pipe, a second filter membrane arranged on the surface of the second skeleton, a three-way valve arranged at the bottom of the drainage pipe, an injection pipe fixedly arranged at the lower end of the three-way valve, and a second driving member for rotating the drainage pipe, and a second water outlet is arranged on one side of the bottom of the enrichment tank.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the liquid supply pipe system includes a water pump connected to the water inlet of the first-stage centrifugal filter assembly, and a multi-way valve connected to the water inlet of the water pump, the multi-way valve has three inlets and one outlet, and the three inlets of the multi-way valve are respectively connected to a sampling tube, a dosing tube and a cleaning tube; the device also includes a buffer solution storage tank connected to the water inlet of the dosing tube, and a water tank connected to the water inlet of the cleaning tube.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the multi-way valve includes a four-way valve body, a valve core rotatably arranged inside the four-way valve body, and an actuator for driving the valve core to rotate. A first channel and a second channel are provided through the four-way valve body. The first channel is used to connect the water pump with the sampling tube, and the second channel is used to connect the water pump with the dosing tube or the cleaning tube.

[0010] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the water inlet of the water tank is connected to the second water outlet of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the storage dish includes a dish body, a horizontal plate fixedly arranged at the lower part of the dish body, and two third filter membranes obliquely arranged between the horizontal plate and the side wall of the dish body. The horizontal plate and the two third filter membranes divide the inner cavity of the dish body into a bacteria storage chamber and a probe collection chamber.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the shifting mechanism includes a slide rail, a plug plate slidably arranged inside the slide rail, and a third driving member for driving the plug plate to reciprocate linearly, and the plug plate is provided with a slot corresponding to the storage dish.

[0013] A method for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters based on machine learning, comprising the following steps: Step S1, extracting water samples from the flowing water area through the liquid supply pipe system, and pumping the water samples into the water sample processing mechanism, the water sample processing mechanism processes the water samples to obtain the bacterial solution to be tested, and introduces the bacterial solution into a storage dish, adds a fluorescent probe into the storage dish, and incubates the bacterial solution to be tested; Step S2, placing the storage dish containing the incubated bacterial solution to be tested into the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module irradiates the bacterial solution to be tested in the storage dish, and collects optical intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested; Step S3, the data processing module receives the optical intensity data collected by the data collection module, and determines whether there are pathogens in the tested bacterial solution based on the optical intensity data and the machine learning algorithm model, and analyzes the pathogen risk according to the determination result; In step S1, the process of the water sample processing mechanism processing the water sample is as follows: the water sample is filtered through a primary centrifugal filter component, and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component is input into a secondary centrifugal filter component, and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component is subjected to a bacteria enrichment treatment by the secondary centrifugal filter component to form the bacterial solution to be tested.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, in step S1, after the incubation of the bacterial solution to be tested is completed, the bacterial solution to be tested is washed with a buffer solution; in step S2 or step S3, the liquid supply pipe system pumps a cleaning medium into the water sample processing mechanism to clean the water sample processing mechanism.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention extracts water samples from flowing water areas through a liquid supply pipe system, processes the water samples through a primary centrifugal filter assembly and a secondary centrifugal filter assembly of a water sample processing mechanism, removes impurities in the water samples and enriches bacteria to form a bacterial solution to be tested. During the bacterial enrichment process, the filter membrane is rotated to improve the bacterial enrichment efficiency and avoid clogging of the filter membrane, thereby eliminating the situation where it is difficult to culture the bacterial solution to be tested due to unknown bacterial species in the water area, and improving the water sample processing efficiency. The three inlets of the multi-way valve of the present invention are respectively connected to the sampling tube, the dosing tube and the cleaning tube. The first channel of the valve core of the multi-way valve can make the water pump communicate with the sampling tube, and the second channel of the valve core can make the water pump communicate with the dosing tube or the cleaning tube. Before and after the incubation of the bacterial solution to be tested, the liquid supply pipe system can supply buffer to wash the bacterial solution to be tested. During the process of optical intensity data collection and analysis, the liquid supply pipe system can clean the water sample processing mechanism, maintain the cell stability of the bacterial solution to be tested, and improve the analysis and evaluation efficiency. The present invention uses a liquid supply pipe system to extract a cleaning medium from a water tank to clean the water sample processing mechanism, thereby avoiding interference between the analysis and evaluation of different batches of water samples. During the process of enriching bacteria, the excess filtrate in the enrichment tank enters the water tank through the second water outlet, and can be reused when cleaning the water sample processing mechanism, thereby reducing the loss of water resources required for the cleaning medium. The present invention adjusts the position of the storage dish through a shifting mechanism, which facilitates the injection of the test bacterial solution and the buffer solution into a plurality of storage dishes arranged side by side. After the incubation of the test bacterial solution is completed, the shifting mechanism can also oscillate the storage dish, so that the fluorescent probe reagent in the storage dish passes through the third filter membrane from the bacteria storage chamber into the probe collection chamber, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of excess fluorescent probes on the evaluation and analysis results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the primary centrifugal filter assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the multi-way valve when extracting water samples in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the multi-way valve when adding buffer solution of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the multi-way valve when cleaning the water sample processing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a storage dish of the present invention; Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shifting mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Storage dish; 2. Liquid supply pipe system; 3. Water sample processing mechanism; 4. Data acquisition module; 5. Buffer storage tank; 6. Water tank; 7. Shifting mechanism; 8. Sewage treatment equipment; 11. Vessel body; 12. Horizontal plate; 13. Third filter membrane; 14. Liquid discharge port; 15. Sealing plug; 21. Water pump; 22. Multi-way valve; 23. Sampling tube; 24. Dosing tube; 25. Cleaning tube; 31. Primary centrifugal filter assembly; 32. Secondary centrifugal filter assembly; 33. Assembly rack; 41. Afterglow acquisition module; 42. Fluorescence acquisition module; 71. Slide rail; 72. Insert plate ;73, the third driving member;311, the filter tank;312, the slag discharge pipe;313, the first skeleton;314, the first filter membrane;315, the two-way valve;316, the first driving member;317, the first water outlet;318, the first connector;321, the enrichment tank;322, the discharge pipe;323, the second skeleton;324, the second filter membrane;325, the three-way valve;326, the injection pipe;327, the second driving member;328, the second water outlet;329, the second connector;221, the four-way valve body;222, the valve core;223, the first channel;224, the second channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a device for assessing pathogenic bacteria risk in flowing waters based on machine learning includes a plurality of storage dishes 1, the storage dishes 1 are used to store bacterial liquid to be tested and fluorescent probes, and a liquid supply pipe system 2 for extracting water samples from the flowing waters is provided on one side of the storage dishes 1, and the output end of the liquid supply pipe system 2 is connected to a water sample processing mechanism 3, and the water sample processing mechanism 3 is used to output the bacterial liquid to be tested into the storage dishes 1. The device also includes a data acquisition module 4 for collecting optical intensity data of the bacterial liquid to be tested in the storage dishes 1, and a data processing module for analyzing the risk of pathogens based on optical intensity data and a machine learning algorithm model. The machine learning algorithm model is constructed before assessing the risk of pathogens in flowing waters. When constructing the machine learning algorithm model, the pathogens are cultured or filtered and enriched, and the pathogens are incubated by a probe reagent containing a fluorescent probe, and then the light intensity data of the pathogens are collected multiple times by the data acquisition module 4 to form a data set for model training. The random forest algorithm model is trained by the data set to obtain the machine learning algorithm model required for this application.

[0021] The above-mentioned pathogens can be a single pathogen or multiple pathogens. For example, pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. can be used as pathogens for model training. In addition, the preparation of the above-mentioned fluorescent probe is a prior art and will not be described in detail. For details, please refer to the Chinese patent document with publication number CN114032086B. The liquid supply pipe system 2 of this embodiment includes a water pump 21 and a sampling tube 23 connected to the water inlet of the water pump 21. The water sample processing mechanism 3 includes a primary centrifugal filter assembly 31 and a secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32 connected to the water outlet of the water pump 21, and an assembly frame 33 for installing the primary centrifugal filter assembly 31 and the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32. The primary centrifugal filter component 31 is used to filter the water sample, and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component 31 is input into the secondary centrifugal filter component 32, and the secondary centrifugal filter component 32 is used to perform bacterial enrichment treatment on the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component 31 to form a bacterial solution to be tested. In addition, when constructing a machine learning algorithm model, the water sample processing mechanism 3 of the present application can also be used to enrich pathogens for model training.

[0022] The data acquisition module 4 includes an afterglow acquisition module 41 and a fluorescence acquisition module 42. The afterglow acquisition module 41 is used to collect the afterglow luminescence intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested, and the fluorescence acquisition module 42 is used to collect the fluorescence intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested. In this embodiment, the afterglow acquisition module 41 is preferably a small animal living body imager, and the fluorescence acquisition module 42 is preferably an ELISA instrument. The above-mentioned afterglow acquisition module 41 and the fluorescence acquisition module 42 are both built-in light sources. In this embodiment, the light source inside the afterglow acquisition module 41 and the fluorescence acquisition module 42 is an ultraviolet light source. In addition, in some other embodiments, an external light source can also be used to irradiate the bacterial solution to be tested, and the afterglow acquisition module 41 can also use a long afterglow fluorescent material tester, and the fluorescence acquisition module 42 can also use a fluorescence spectrophotometer. In addition, in the case of limited equipment resources, the afterglow luminescence intensity data or fluorescence intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested can also be collected only by the afterglow acquisition module 41 or the fluorescence acquisition module 42. Correspondingly, the machine learning algorithm model used at this time is an algorithm model formed by training the afterglow luminescence intensity data or fluorescence intensity data of the pathogenic bacteria for model training.

[0023] When analyzing and evaluating the pathogenic bacteria risk in flowing waters, water samples are first extracted and processed. When extracting water samples, start the water pump 21, and the water pump 21 extracts water samples from the flowing waters through the sampling tube 23. The sampling end of the sampling tube 23 is provided with a screen, which is used to filter out large particles of impurities and other debris. After the water sample passes through the water pump 21, it first enters the primary centrifugal filter component 31, and undergoes a centrifugal filtration to form sewage with small particles of impurities and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component 31. The filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component 31 enters the secondary centrifugal filter component 32 under the water pressure of the water pump 21, and undergoes a secondary centrifugal filtration to form a bacterial solution to be tested and a filtrate of the secondary centrifugal filter component 32. The secondary centrifugal filtration is continued for a period of time to achieve bacterial enrichment of the bacterial solution to be tested, and complete the treatment of the water sample. Afterwards, the bacterial solution to be tested in the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32 is sequentially injected into a plurality of storage dishes 1, and the operator adds a probe reagent containing a fluorescent probe into the storage dish 1, so that the bacterial solution to be tested is incubated for a period of time under the action of the probe reagent. After the incubation is completed, the storage dish 1 is sequentially placed in the afterglow acquisition module 41 and the fluorescence acquisition module 42, and the afterglow acquisition module 41 and the fluorescence acquisition module 42 respectively collect the afterglow luminescence intensity data and the fluorescence intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested, and send the afterglow luminescence intensity data and the fluorescence intensity data to the data processing module, which is connected to a display, and the data processing module calls a machine learning algorithm model to evaluate and analyze the above data to determine whether there are pathogens in the bacterial solution to be tested. If it is determined that there are no pathogens, the relevant content of the risk of no pathogens in the flowing water area is presented on the display. If it is determined that there are pathogens, the type of pathogens and the corresponding pathogen risk are presented on the display. Afterwards, the bacterial solution in the storage dish 1 can be removed, and the pathogen risk analysis and evaluation of the flowing water area can be performed multiple times according to the above process.

[0024] Specifically, if Figure 3As shown, the primary centrifugal filter assembly 31 includes a filter tank 311, a slag discharge pipe 312 rotatably disposed at the bottom of the filter tank 311, a first frame 313 fixedly disposed at the top of the slag discharge pipe 312, a first filter membrane 314 disposed on the surface of the first frame 313, a two-way valve 315 rotatably disposed at the bottom of the slag discharge pipe 312, and a first driving member 316 for rotating the slag discharge pipe 312. The first driving member 316 includes a motor and a gear set disposed between the output end of the motor and the slag discharge pipe 312. A seal is disposed between the slag discharge pipe 312 and the bottom wall of the filter tank 311. The first frame 313 is in an inverted cone shape, the top of the first frame 313 is rotatably disposed inside the filter tank 311, and a seal is disposed between the top of the first frame 313 and the inner wall of the filter tank 311. A first water outlet 317 is disposed on one side of the bottom of the filter tank 311. The first filter membrane 314 is preferably a microfiltration membrane, and the micropore diameter on the microfiltration membrane should not be too small to ensure that the pathogens to be tested can pass through the microfiltration membrane to reach the first water outlet 317. A first joint 318 is fixedly arranged on the top of the two-way valve 315, and the first joint 318 is rotatably connected to the slag discharge pipe 312, and a seal is arranged between the first joint 318 and the slag discharge pipe 312. The two-way valve 315 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the slag discharge pipe 312 through the first joint 318, and the two-way valve 315 and the filter tank 311 are fixedly installed on the front side of the assembly frame 33. The lower end of the two-way valve 315 is connected to the sewage treatment equipment 8, and the sewage treatment equipment 8 is located behind the assembly frame 33. The sewage with small particle impurities discharged from the slag discharge pipe 312 can be purified by the sewage treatment equipment 8.

[0025] During the process of treating the water sample by the first-stage centrifugal filter assembly 31, the water sample enters the inner side of the first filter membrane 314 from the upper end of the filter tank 311, and the first driving member 316 rotates the discharge pipe 312, the first frame 313 and the first filter membrane 314 to centrifugally filter the water sample. The upper and lower ends of the two-way valve 315 are intermittently connected. When the upper and lower ends of the two-way valve 315 are connected and closed, a part of the water in the water sample can be continuously filtered out through the first filter membrane 314 to form the filtrate of the first-stage centrifugal filter assembly 31. When the upper and lower ends of the two-way valve 315 are connected, another part of the water in the water sample carries small particles into the discharge pipe 312 to form sewage. After passing through the two-way valve 315, the sewage enters the sewage treatment equipment 8 for purification. After the filtrate of the first-stage centrifugal filter assembly 31 is discharged from the first water outlet 317, it enters the second-stage centrifugal filter assembly 32 from the top of the second-stage centrifugal filter assembly 32.

[0026] See also Figure 4The secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32 includes an enrichment tank 321 connected to the first water outlet 317, a drain pipe 322 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the enrichment tank 321, a second frame 323 fixedly arranged at the top of the drain pipe 322, a second filter membrane 324 arranged on the surface of the second frame 323, a three-way valve 325 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the drain pipe 322, an injection pipe 326 fixedly arranged at the lower end of the three-way valve 325, and a second driving member 327 for rotating the drain pipe 322. The structure of the second driving member 327 is consistent with that of the first driving member 316, and also includes a motor and a gear set. The gear set of the second driving member 327 is arranged between the output end of its motor and the drain pipe 322. A sealing member is arranged between the drain pipe 322 and the bottom wall of the enrichment tank 321. The second frame 323 is in an inverted cone shape, and the top of the second frame 323 is rotatably arranged inside the enrichment tank 321, and a sealing member is arranged between the top of the second frame 323 and the inner wall of the enrichment tank 321. A second joint 329 is fixedly arranged on the top of the three-way valve 325, and the second joint 329 is rotatably connected to the drain pipe 322, and a seal is arranged between the second joint 329 and the drain pipe 322. The three-way valve 325 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the drain pipe 322 through the second joint 329, and the three-way valve 325 and the enrichment tank 321 are both fixedly installed on the front side of the assembly frame 33, and the enrichment tank 321 is located obliquely below the filter tank 311. A second water outlet 328 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the enrichment tank 321. The second filter membrane 324 is preferably an ultrafiltration membrane, and the micropore diameter on the ultrafiltration membrane should not be too large to ensure that most of the pathogens to be tested can be retained by the ultrafiltration membrane. The rear end of the three-way valve 325 is connected to the sewage treatment equipment 8, and the sewage treatment equipment 8 receives and processes the remaining bacterial liquid in the enrichment tank 321 during the process of cleaning the water sample processing mechanism 3.

[0027] During the process of enriching the bacterial solution to be tested by the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32, the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter assembly 31 enters the inner side of the second filter membrane 324 from the upper end of the enrichment tank 321, and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter assembly 31 is centrifugally filtered by rotating the discharge pipe 322, the second frame 323 and the second filter membrane 324 through the second driving member 327. During the enrichment process, the upper end of the three-way valve 325 remains closed, and the filtrate of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32 is discharged from the second water outlet 328. The bacterial solution to be tested is formed in the second filter membrane 324, and bacteria are continuously enriched. After a period of time, the enrichment process ends, and the second filter membrane 324 and the discharge pipe 322 contain the bacterial solution to be tested enriched with bacteria. The upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 325 are intermittently connected, and the water pump 21 is linked to the three-way valve 325. When the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 325 are connected, the water pump 21 is turned on, and when the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 325 are closed, the water pump 21 is turned off. When the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 325 are connected, the bacterial solution to be tested in the discharge pipe 322 is introduced into the storage dish 1 directly below through the injection pipe 326. Each time the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 325 are connected, the bacterial solution to be tested in one storage dish 1 is filled. When the remaining bacterial solution in the enrichment tank 321 is removed, the lower end of the three-way valve 325 is closed, and the upper end and the rear end of the three-way valve 325 are connected. Under the action of the water pump 21, the remaining bacterial solution in the enrichment tank 321 passes through the three-way valve 325 and enters the sewage treatment equipment 8 for purification.

[0028] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 5-7 As shown, a three-inlet-one-outlet multi-way valve 22 is provided between the water pump 21 of the liquid supply pipe system 2 and the sampling pipe 23, and the water pump 21 is preferably a peristaltic pump. The multi-way valve 22 has three inlets and one outlet, and the three inlets of the multi-way valve 22 are respectively connected to the sampling pipe 23, the dosing pipe 24 and the cleaning pipe 25. The device also includes a buffer storage tank 5 connected to the water inlet of the dosing pipe 24, and a water tank 6 connected to the water inlet of the cleaning pipe 25, and the water tank 6 is used to store the cleaning medium. The multi-way valve 22 includes a four-way valve body 221, a valve core 222 rotatably arranged on the inner side of the four-way valve body 221, and an actuator for driving the valve core 222 to rotate. A first channel 223 and a second channel 224 are provided through the four-way valve body 221. The two ports of the first channel 223 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ports of the second channel 224 are perpendicular to each other. The first channel 223 is used to connect the water pump 21 with the sampling tube 23, and the second channel 224 is used to connect the water pump 21 with the dosing tube 24 or the cleaning tube 25.

[0029] In order to maintain the cell stability of the bacterial solution to be tested, during the process of enriching bacteria, the water pump 21 is alternately connected to the sampling tube 23 and the dosing tube 24 through the multi-way valve 22, so that the buffer solution passes through the multi-way valve 22, the water pump 21 and the filter tank 311 in sequence and enters the enrichment tank 321. During the enrichment process, the last working state of the multi-way valve 22 is the state in which the second channel 224 connects the water pump 21 and the dosing tube 24, so that after the bacterial solution to be tested is added to the storage dish 1, a certain amount of buffer solution is present in the enrichment tank 321. The buffer solution is preferably PBS buffer solution, and its main component is Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , NaCl and KCl. In order to improve the accuracy of the evaluation and analysis, after the incubation of the test bacterial solution is completed, the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 325 are intermittently connected, and the buffer solution is injected into each storage dish 1 in turn, and the test bacterial solution is washed with the buffer solution. After the washing is completed, the liquid in the storage dish 1 is filtered once to remove excess buffer solution and probe reagent.

[0030] The present embodiment analyzes and evaluates the flowing water area multiple times within one evaluation cycle. When the evaluation cycle is long, the PBS buffer can be replaced by Tris buffer, HEPES buffer, Borate buffer, etc., wherein the Tris buffer is tris hydroxymethylaminomethane hydrochloride buffer, the HEPES buffer is 4-hydroxyethylpiperazineethanesulfonic acid buffer, and the Borate buffer is a borate buffer. In addition, when the evaluation cycle is long, a cooling device can also be provided in the buffer storage tank 5 to improve the shelf life of the PBS buffer, and a heater can be provided on the pipeline between the multi-way valve 22 and the buffer storage tank 5 to increase the temperature of the refrigerated buffer to room temperature. In addition, in some other embodiments, a three-way solenoid valve can also be provided on the pipeline between the water pump 21 and the filter tank 311, one port of the three-way solenoid valve is connected to the enrichment tank 321, and the water pump 21 can directly inject the buffer into the enrichment tank 321 through the three-way solenoid valve.

[0031] The water tank 6 is also used to recover the filtrate of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32, and the water inlet of the water tank 6 is connected to the second water outlet 328 of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32. A sterilizing device is provided in the water tank 6, and the sterilizing device is preferably an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp. During the enrichment process, the pipeline between the water tank 6 and the enrichment tank 321 is opened to recover the filtrate of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32, and in other cases, the pipeline between the water tank 6 and the enrichment tank 321 is closed.

[0032] Furthermore, the storage dish 1 includes a dish body 11, a horizontal plate 12 fixedly arranged at the lower part of the dish body 11, two third filter membranes 13 obliquely arranged between the horizontal plate 12 and the side wall of the dish body 11, the horizontal plate 12 and the two third filter membranes 13 divide the inner cavity of the dish body 11 into a bacteria storage chamber and a probe collection chamber, a drain port 14 is formed at the bottom of the probe collection chamber, a sealing plug 15 is arranged on the drain port 14, and the material of the third filter membrane 13 is consistent with the second filter membrane 324. The material of the dish body 11 and the horizontal plate 12 is preferably optical glass, the shift mechanism 7 includes a slide rail 71, a plug plate 72 slidably arranged on the inner side of the slide rail 71, and a third driving member 73 for driving the plug plate 72 to reciprocate linearly, a plurality of slots corresponding to the storage dish 1 are arranged on the plug plate 72, a positioning plate is arranged above the plug plate 72, and a socket corresponding to a plurality of storage dishes 1 is arranged inside the positioning plate. The third driving member 73 is preferably a motor and a gear fixed to the output end of the motor, a row of convex teeth are arranged at the bottom of the plug plate 72, the gear and the convex teeth are meshed with each other, and a strip-shaped through groove corresponding to the convex teeth is arranged at the bottom of the slide rail 71. The third driving member 73 can drive the plug plate 72 and the storage dish 1 on the plug plate 72 to reciprocate along the slide rail 71 in a straight line, so as to adjust the corresponding relationship between the injection tube 326 and the plurality of storage dishes 1, and facilitate the injection of the test bacterial solution and the buffer solution into the storage dishes 1.

[0033] In addition, when removing the excess buffer and probe reagent in the storage dish 1, the third driving member 73 drives the plug plate 72 and the storage dish 1 to move back and forth quickly and linearly, so that the excess buffer and probe reagent pass through the third filter membrane 13 and enter the probe collection chamber, and then the excess buffer and probe reagent can be discharged after the sealing plug 15 is opened. In addition, before the storage dish 1 is placed in the data acquisition module 4, a small amount of buffer can be injected into the storage dish 1 by intermittently opening the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 325 to maintain the cell stability during the optical intensity data acquisition process of the bacterial solution to be tested.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This embodiment relates to a method for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters based on machine learning. The method is applicable to the device in the previous embodiment and specifically includes the following steps: Step S1, extracting water samples from the flowing water area through the liquid supply pipe system 2, and pumping the water samples into the water sample processing mechanism 3, the water sample processing mechanism 3 processes the water samples to obtain the bacterial solution to be tested, and introduces the bacterial solution into the storage dish 1, adds a fluorescent probe into the storage dish 1, and incubates the bacterial solution to be tested; During the process of water sample treatment by the water sample treatment mechanism 3, the water sample is filtered by the primary centrifugal filter assembly 31, and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter assembly 31 is input into the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32, and the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter assembly 31 is subjected to bacteria enrichment treatment by the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32 to form a bacterial solution to be tested. After the incubation of the bacterial solution to be tested is completed, the bacterial solution to be tested is washed with a buffer solution. During the process of enriching bacteria, the liquid supply pipe system 2 alternately extracts water from the flowing water area and the buffer storage tank 5, and uses the buffer solution to replace the water in the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32 to maintain the cell stability of the bacterial solution to be tested.

[0036] Step S2, placing the storage dish 1 containing the incubated bacterial solution to be tested into the data acquisition module 4, the data acquisition module 4 irradiates the bacterial solution to be tested in the storage dish 1, and collects the optical intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested. When preparing to place the storage dish 1 into the data acquisition module 4, the cleaning medium can be pumped into the water sample processing mechanism 3 through the liquid supply pipe system 2 to clean the water sample processing mechanism 3. The water sample processing mechanism 3 can also be cleaned in subsequent processes. The cleaning medium comes from the water tank 6, and the water tank 6 is also used to recover the filtrate of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly 32.

[0037] Step S3, the data processing module receives the optical intensity data collected by the data acquisition module 4, and the optical intensity data includes afterglow luminescence intensity data and fluorescence intensity data. The afterglow luminescence intensity data is collected by the small animal living imager, and the fluorescence intensity data is collected by the microplate reader. Based on the optical intensity data and the machine learning algorithm model, it is judged whether there are pathogens in the bacterial solution to be tested, and the pathogen risk is analyzed according to the judgment result.

[0038] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing water based on machine learning, comprising a storage dish (1), characterized in that: The storage dish (1) is used to store the bacterial solution to be tested and the fluorescent probe, and a liquid supply pipe system (2) for extracting water samples from a flowing water area is provided on one side of the storage dish (1), and the output end of the liquid supply pipe system (2) is connected to a water sample processing mechanism (3), and the water sample processing mechanism (3) is used to output the bacterial solution to be tested into the storage dish (1). The device also includes a data acquisition module (4) for collecting optical intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested in the storage dish (1), and a data processing module for analyzing pathogenic bacteria risks based on the optical intensity data and a machine learning algorithm model; The water sample processing mechanism (3) comprises a primary centrifugal filter component (31) and a secondary centrifugal filter component (32), wherein the primary centrifugal filter component (31) is used to filter the water sample and input the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component (31) into the secondary centrifugal filter component (32), and the secondary centrifugal filter component (32) is used to perform a bacteria enrichment treatment on the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component (31) to form the bacterial solution to be tested.

2. The device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary centrifugal filter assembly (31) comprises a filter tank (311), a slag discharge pipe (312) rotatably arranged at the bottom of the filter tank (311), a first frame (313) fixedly arranged at the top of the slag discharge pipe (312), a first filter membrane (314) arranged on the surface of the first frame (313), a two-way valve (315) arranged at the bottom of the slag discharge pipe (312), and a first driving member (316) for rotating the slag discharge pipe (312); a first water outlet (317) is provided on one side of the bottom of the filter tank (311).

3. The device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary centrifugal filter assembly (32) comprises an enrichment tank (321) connected to the first water outlet (317), a drainage pipe (322) rotatably arranged at the bottom of the enrichment tank (321), a second frame (323) fixedly arranged at the top of the drainage pipe (322), a second filter membrane (324) arranged on the surface of the second frame (323), a three-way valve (325) arranged at the bottom of the drainage pipe (322), an injection pipe (326) fixedly arranged at the lower end of the three-way valve (325), and a second driving member (327) for rotating the drainage pipe (322); a second water outlet (328) is provided on one side of the bottom of the enrichment tank (321).

4. The device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid supply pipe system (2) comprises a water pump (21) connected to the water inlet of the first-stage centrifugal filter assembly (31), and a multi-way valve (22) connected to the water inlet of the water pump (21), wherein the multi-way valve (22) has three inlets and one outlet, and the three inlets of the multi-way valve (22) are respectively connected to a sampling tube (23), a dosing tube (24) and a cleaning tube (25); the device also comprises a buffer storage tank (5) connected to the water inlet of the dosing tube (24), and a water tank (6) connected to the water inlet of the cleaning tube (25).

5. The device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-way valve (22) comprises a four-way valve body (221), a valve core (222) rotatably arranged inside the four-way valve body (221), and an actuator for driving the valve core (222) to rotate. A first channel (223) and a second channel (224) are provided through the four-way valve body (221). The first channel (223) is used to connect the water pump (21) to the sampling tube (23), and the second channel (224) is used to connect the water pump (21) to the dosing tube (24) or the cleaning tube (25).

6. The device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water tank (6) is in communication with the second water outlet (328) of the secondary centrifugal filter assembly (32).

7. The device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage dish (1) comprises a dish body (11), a transverse plate (12) fixedly arranged at the lower part of the dish body (11), and two third filter membranes (13) obliquely arranged between the transverse plate (12) and the side wall of the dish body (11), wherein the transverse plate (12) and the two third filter membranes (13) divide the inner cavity of the dish body (11) into a bacteria storage chamber and a probe collection chamber.

8. The device for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift mechanism (7) comprises a slide rail (71), a plug plate (72) slidably arranged inside the slide rail (71), and a third driving member (73) for driving the plug plate (72) to linearly reciprocate, wherein the plug plate (72) is provided with a slot corresponding to the storage dish (1).

9. A method for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters based on machine learning, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, extracting a water sample from a flowing water area through a liquid supply pipe system (2), and pumping the water sample into a water sample processing mechanism (3), wherein the water sample processing mechanism (3) processes the water sample to obtain a bacterial solution to be tested, and then introducing the bacterial solution into a storage dish (1), adding a fluorescent probe into the storage dish (1), and incubating the bacterial solution to be tested; Step S2, placing the storage dish (1) containing the incubated bacterial solution to be tested into the data acquisition module (4), the data acquisition module (4) irradiating the bacterial solution to be tested in the storage dish (1), and collecting optical intensity data of the bacterial solution to be tested; Step S3, the data processing module receives the optical intensity data collected by the data collection module (4), and determines whether there are pathogens in the bacterial solution to be tested based on the optical intensity data and the machine learning algorithm model, and analyzes the pathogen risk according to the determination result; In the step S1, the process of the water sample processing mechanism (3) processing the water sample is as follows: filtering the water sample through the primary centrifugal filter component (31), and inputting the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component (31) into the secondary centrifugal filter component (32), and performing bacteria enrichment treatment on the filtrate of the primary centrifugal filter component (31) through the secondary centrifugal filter component (32) to form the bacterial solution to be tested.

10. The method for assessing pathogen risk in flowing waters according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step S1, after the incubation of the bacterial solution to be tested is completed, the bacterial solution to be tested is washed with a buffer solution; in the step S2 or step S3, the liquid supply pipe system (2) pumps a cleaning medium into the water sample processing mechanism (3) to clean the water sample processing mechanism (3).

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