Microscope coarse motion and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism

Abstract

A microscope coarse-motion fine-adjustment integrated focusing mechanism belongs to the technical field of microscope platform adjusting devices, and comprises a support structure, a coarse-motion structure and a fine-adjustment structure, and the support structure comprises a bent arm, a bent arm main body and a support block; the coarse moving structure comprises a right coarse hand wheel, a left coarse hand wheel, a gear shaft sleeve, a transmission rack and a sliding plate; the fine adjustment structure comprises a lead screw shaft, a right fine adjustment hand wheel and a left fine adjustment hand wheel; the supporting structure further comprises an eccentric shaft sleeve, a right locking nut A, a left locking nut A, an adjusting hand wheel, a limiting hand wheel and a set screw A; the coarse motion structure further comprises a copper gasket, a wave washer and a plastic uptake washer. The fine adjustment structure further comprises a left gasket, a left rolling ring, a left steel ball, a limiting stud, a right steel ball, a right rolling ring, a right gasket, a locking nut B, a stop nut and a compression spring. The device has the advantages of being compact in structure, high in accuracy, stable in operation, not prone to slipping and good in reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a microscope focusing mechanism, in particular to a microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism, belonging to the technical field of microscope platform adjustment devices. Background Art

[0002] The height of the microscope work surface can be raised and lowered, and in order to avoid a large range of lifting and lowering of the microscope work surface, people have designed a coarse and fine focusing structure, including a set of gear adjustment groups, the coarse gear meshes with the teeth of the conjoined gear structure, and the conjoined gear structure is connected to the rack of the microscope platform. Such a transmission structure is very complicated, the gears are easy to wear during the transmission process, and the service life is short.

[0003] Prior art such as: Comparative document 1: CN102253484B A coarse and fine focusing coaxial structure for adjusting a microscope platform. The coarse focusing process of this invention is as follows: rotating the left and right coarse hand wheels drives the coarse gear rod to rotate, and the coarse gear rod engages with the teeth of the conjoined gear structure through the straight teeth on the outside of the D part of the rod body; the conjoined gear structure is connected to the rack of the microscope platform, so that the microscope platform moves up and down; fine focusing process: rotating the left and right fine adjustment hand wheels drives the large steel ball to rotate slowly, and the large steel ball drives the coarse gear rod to rotate slowly; the remaining steps are the same as the coarse focusing process.

[0004] Comparative Document 2: CN 105842837 B A focusing structure for a coarse and fine adjustment coaxial microscope. When the coarse hand wheel is adjusted, the connecting sleeve fixedly connected to it rotates, which causes the corrugated elastic washer to produce elastic deformation, so that friction is generated between the corrugated elastic washer and the side of the fixing nut, driving the coarse motion gear threadedly connected to the fixing nut to rotate, thereby causing the microscope rack meshing with the coarse motion gear to move and complete the coarse motion; when the fine adjustment hand wheel is adjusted, the fine adjustment shaft is driven to rotate, and the center wheel on the fine adjustment shaft rotates to drive the planetary gear to rotate, so that the planetary gear drives the connecting sleeve fixedly connected to the sleeve to rotate, and then the friction of the corrugated elastic washer drives the coarse motion gear to rotate, thereby realizing the fine adjustment operation.

[0005] The above-mentioned comparative documents 1 and 2 are both coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanisms, which adopt a coaxial adjustment design. They have the defects of not being compact enough, not being precise enough, being unstable in operation, being easy to slip, having poor reliability, and not being widely applicable, and have failed to be more widely used. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism that can achieve the purpose of compact structure, high precision, stable operation, not easy to slip, good reliability, wide range of application, and can be more widely used in view of the defects in the prior art of the above-mentioned microscope focusing mechanism, such as the lack of compact structure, low precision, unstable operation, easy to slip, poor reliability, wide range of application, and failure to be more widely used.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism, including a support structure, a coarse movement structure and a fine adjustment structure, the support structure includes a vertically arranged curved arm, the curved arm includes a curved arm body at the rear side and a support block at the front side; the coarse movement structure includes a right coarse hand wheel, a left coarse hand wheel, a gear shaft sleeve, a transmission rack and a slide plate, the gear shaft sleeve is a columnar structure with a central through hole; the fine adjustment structure includes a screw shaft, a right fine adjustment hand wheel, and a left fine adjustment hand wheel, and the diameters of the left and right ends of the screw shaft are equal;

[0008] The support structure also includes an eccentric sleeve, a right locking nut A, a left locking nut A, an adjustment handwheel, a limit handwheel and a set screw A; the coarse movement structure also includes a copper gasket, a corrugated gasket and a blister gasket; the fine adjustment structure also includes a left gasket, a left rolling ring, a left steel ball, a limit stud, a right steel ball, a right rolling ring, a right gasket, a locking nut B, a stop nut and a compression spring;

[0009] The eccentric sleeve is transversely fixed on the bent arm, and the eccentric sleeve and the bent arm are perpendicular to each other; the gear sleeve is inserted into the eccentric sleeve and connected with a gap, and the screw shaft is inserted into the gear sleeve and connected with a gap, and the eccentric sleeve is provided with assembly points A, assembly points B, assembly points C, assembly points D, assembly points E, assembly points F, assembly points G, assembly points H and assembly points I from right to left in sequence;

[0010] The assembly point A is the assembly point of the right locking nut A, the assembly point B is the assembly point of the limit hand wheel, the assembly point C is the assembly point of the right side of the bending arm, the assembly point E is the assembly point of the left side of the bending arm, the assembly point F is the assembly point of the adjustment hand wheel, the assembly point G is the assembly point of the copper gasket, the corrugated gasket and the blister gasket, the assembly point H is the assembly point of the left coarse hand wheel, and the assembly point I is the assembly point of the left locking nut A;

[0011] The middle part D of the gear sleeve is provided with tooth patterns, and the left end of the gear sleeve is provided with assembly points J, K and L from left to right in sequence, and the right end of the gear sleeve is provided with assembly point M; the assembly point J is the assembly point of the locking nut B, the assembly point K is the assembly point of the stop nut, the assembly point L is the assembly point of the compression spring, and the assembly point M is the assembly point of the right coarse hand wheel; the left end of the screw shaft is provided with an assembly point N, and the assembly point N is the assembly point of the left washer, the left rolling ring, the left steel ball, the limit stud, the right steel ball, the right rolling ring and the right washer;

[0012] The connection structure of the main components is:

[0013] (1) The right side of the bent arm is fixedly arranged at the assembly position C of the eccentric sleeve, and the left side of the bent arm is fixedly arranged at the assembly position E of the eccentric sleeve;

[0014] (2) The tooth pattern of the middle portion D of the gear sleeve is in a transverse cylindrical shape and protrudes from the surface of the screw shaft, and the tooth pattern of the middle portion D of the gear sleeve is meshed with the transmission rack;

[0015] (3) The limit handwheel comprises an outer cylindrical body and an inner cylindrical body including a central through hole. The central through hole of the limit handwheel is sleeved at the assembly position B of the eccentric sleeve. The inner cylindrical body and the eccentric sleeve are fixed by a set screw B. The left side of the limit handwheel and the right side of the bent arm are clearance-matched. The limit handwheel plays a role of limiting and protecting, so that the platform or the slide on the platform does not collide with the objective lens.

[0016] (4) The center hole sleeve of the right locking nut A is arranged at the assembly position A of the eccentric sleeve to fix the right end surface of the eccentric sleeve;

[0017] (5) The center hole sleeve of the adjusting hand wheel is set at the assembly point F of the eccentric shaft sleeve, and the right side of the adjusting hand wheel is gap-connected with the left side of the bending arm. The copper gasket, corrugated gasket and blister gasket are set at the assembly point G of the eccentric shaft sleeve, that is, in the bidirectional groove between the adjusting hand wheel and the left coarse hand wheel. The copper gasket, corrugated gasket and blister gasket are arranged in sequence from left to right, which can prevent slipping during overload, thereby protecting the equipment and extending its service life;

[0018] (6) The left rough hand wheel is arranged at the assembly position H of the eccentric sleeve, and the left locking nut A is arranged at the assembly position I of the gear sleeve, on the inner wall of the left rough hand wheel. The left locking nut A is tightened to the right, so that the left locking nut A is tightly connected to the left rough hand wheel, and the left rough hand wheel is also tightly connected to the gear sleeve; at this time, there is a gap between the left end of the eccentric sleeve and the left locking nut A, and the eccentric sleeve is fixed on the bent arm. When the left rough hand wheel rotates, the gear sleeve can be driven to rotate through the left locking nut A, and the eccentric sleeve does not rotate;

[0019] (7) The stop nut includes an outer cylindrical shape, a central cylindrical shape, an annular groove toward the right, and an inwardly concave circular groove at the center of the left side, wherein the annular groove is between the outer cylindrical shape and the central cylindrical shape; the center hole of the central cylindrical shape is sleeved at the assembly point K of the gear shaft sleeve and is threadedly fastened, and the right end of the central cylindrical shape is pressed against the annular step between the assembly point K and the assembly point L on the left side of the gear shaft sleeve to the right;

[0020] (8) The inner wall of the left coarse hand wheel housing is symmetrically provided with one clamping strip, for a total of two clamping strips; the outer wall of the stop nut is symmetrically provided with one clamping groove, for a total of two clamping grooves, at positions corresponding to the clamping strip of the left coarse hand wheel; the two clamping grooves are respectively inlaid and fixedly connected with the two clamping strips; the clamping strips are in the clamping grooves and tightly fastened to the stop nut; the rotation of the left coarse hand wheel can drive the rotation of the stop nut;

[0021] (9) The locking nut B is arranged at the assembly position J of the gear sleeve, and the locking nut B is sleeved on the left end of the gear sleeve and is threadedly connected; the locking nut B is pressed against the central cylindrical bottom on the left side of the stop nut to the right to fix the stop nut, and the stop nut is tightened to the annular step on the left end of the gear sleeve to form a locking nut B, stop nut and gear sleeve assembly that are tightened together;

[0022] (10) The left locking nut A is sleeved at the assembly position L of the gear sleeve, and the right bottom surface of the left locking nut A is close to the inner bottom surface of the left coarse hand wheel. The left locking nut A is tightened to the right to tightly connect the left coarse hand wheel with the gear sleeve; the right bottom surface of the left locking nut A and the left end surface of the eccentric sleeve are in clearance fit;

[0023] (11) The compression spring is assembled at the assembly points L and K of the gear sleeve, the right end of the compression spring is sleeved on the left locking nut A, and the left end of the compression spring is clamped in the annular groove of the stop nut;

[0024] (12) The right coarse hand wheel is arranged at the assembly position M of the gear shaft sleeve, and the right coarse hand wheel comprises a right hand wheel body, a middle partition, a left cylindrical groove, a right cylindrical groove, a limit screw B, a limit pin B and a fastening screw; the center hole of the middle partition is sleeved on the right end of the gear shaft sleeve and is threadedly connected; a small threaded hole is arranged on one side of the middle partition, and the right end of the limit screw B is inserted into the small threaded hole and is threadedly connected; the limit pin B is arranged on the other side of the middle partition, in the right cylindrical groove, and a screw hole is arranged on the other side of the middle partition, corresponding to the limit pin B, and the fastening screw is screwed into the screw hole, and the right side of the fastening screw is threadedly connected to the limit pin B;

[0025] (13) The right fine-tuning handwheel comprises a right fine-tuning handwheel body and a cylindrical body in the middle thereof facing leftward, the size of the central hole of the cylindrical body matches the diameter of the right end of the screw shaft, and the right end of the screw shaft is inserted into the center of the cylindrical body and tightly connected; the structure of the left fine-tuning handwheel is the same as that of the right fine-tuning handwheel, and the left and right directions of the left and right fine-tuning handwheels are opposite, and the left and right fine-tuning handwheels are linked by the screw shaft;

[0026] (14) The center holes of the left washer, the left rolling ring, the right rolling ring and the right washer are sequentially sleeved on the left end of the screw shaft and the assembly position N from left to right, and the center holes of the left washer, the left rolling ring, the right rolling ring and the right washer are tightly connected to the screw shaft; a plurality of left steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring hole of the left rolling ring, and a plurality of right steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring hole of the right rolling ring;

[0027] (15) The limit stud is arranged on the inner side of the left end of the left coarse hand wheel and between the left rolling ring and the right rolling ring. The center hole of the limit stud is sleeved on the screw shaft at the assembly position N and is gap-connected with the screw shaft. An annular convex head is arranged on the right outer edge of the limit stud. An annular groove is arranged on the inner side of the left end of the left coarse hand wheel and corresponding to the annular convex head. The annular convex head is embedded in the annular groove and is tightly connected.

[0028] The coarse and fine adjustment principle of the present invention is:

[0029] (1) The principle of coarse movement is as follows: during coarse movement, the right coarse hand wheel can be turned, and the right coarse hand wheel drives the gear sleeve to rotate through the threaded connection with the right end of the gear sleeve. The gear in the middle part of the gear sleeve is tightly fastened with the rack, and the engagement transmission between the gear sleeve and the transmission rack drives the slide plate to slide up and down to complete the coarse movement stroke;

[0030] Since the right coarse motion hand wheel directly drives the gear sleeve to rotate, the coarse motion structure is greatly simplified;

[0031] (2) The fine-tuning principle is: when the left fine-tuning handwheel is rotated, the left fine-tuning handwheel drives the screw shaft to rotate together, and the rotation of the screw shaft drives the rotation of the left washer and the right washer; the left washer and the left steel ball generate right-direction friction, and the left steel ball rolls in the left rolling circle through the right friction; the right washer and the right steel ball generate left-direction friction, and the right steel ball rolls in the right rolling circle through the left friction; the power generated by the left steel ball and the right steel ball drives the limit stud to rotate;

[0032] The limit stud drives the left coarse hand wheel to rotate through the fastening connection between the annular convex head and the annular groove, and the left coarse hand wheel drives the stop nut to rotate through the fastening connection between the clamping strip and the clamping groove, and the stop nut drives the gear shaft sleeve to rotate through the threaded connection with the gear shaft sleeve at the assembly point K; the gear in the middle part of the gear shaft sleeve is tightly buckled with the rack, and the sliding plate is driven to slide up and down through the meshing transmission of the gear shaft sleeve and the transmission rack to complete the fine adjustment stroke;

[0033] Coarse movement and fine adjustment complement each other. As long as one of them is rotated, the other will be transmitted together, but the stroke size is different. The coarse movement and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism adopts a coaxial adjustment design, that is, coarse movement and fine adjustment are performed on the same axis, which reduces the switching time during focusing and improves operating efficiency.

[0034] The diameter of the assembly point C of the eccentric sleeve is equal to the diameter of the assembly point E, and the diameters of the sections to the right of the assembly point C of the eccentric sleeve decrease successively, that is, the diameter of the assembly point C> the diameter of the assembly point B> the diameter of the assembly point A; the diameters of the sections to the left of the eccentric sleeve at the assembly point E decrease successively, that is, the diameter of the assembly point E> the diameter of the assembly point F> the diameter of the assembly point G> the diameter of the assembly point H> the diameter of the assembly point I.

[0035] A limit screw A is laterally arranged on one side of the bottom of the annular groove A of the limit handwheel, and the limit screw A is fixed at the preset position of the stroke terminal; when the right coarse handwheel is rotated and the stroke reaches the terminal position, the limit screw B fixed in the coarse handwheel meets the limit screw A, which creates an obstruction and stops the coarse stroke. The limit screw A and the limit screw B are used in conjunction with each other.

[0036] A limit pin A is provided on one side of the right fine-tuning handwheel body. When the right fine-tuning handwheel is rotated, the limit pin A will meet the limit pin B fixed in the coarse handwheel to form an obstacle, so that the screw shaft does not exceed the specified stroke range, thereby realizing fine-tuning limit. The limit pin A and the limit pin B are used in conjunction with each other; the product model of the set screw A and the set screw B is M3X5 hexagonal cone end set screw.

[0037] A fastening screw is also provided in the right coarse handwheel; a small threaded hole is provided on one side of the middle partition of the right coarse handwheel, and the left end of the limit screw B is aligned with the left end of the right coarse handwheel; when the stroke of the right coarse handwheel reaches a certain platform height, the limit screw B on the right coarse handwheel meets and generates resistance with the limit screw A fixed on the limit handwheel, thereby limiting the stroke of the right coarse handwheel; the limit screw B and the limit screw A cooperate with each other; the limit pin B is provided on one side of the right cylindrical groove, the left end of the limit pin B is close to the right side surface of the middle partition, and is fixedly connected with a fastening screw, and the product model of the fastening screw is M3X6 cross pan head screw.

[0038] The left and right rolling ring holes clamp the steel balls and fix the positions of the steel balls to prevent them from deviating from the stroke. The left and right rolling rings have the functions of orientation and positioning. The washers are sleeved on the screw shaft and have no direct connection with the gear sleeve. They only have a close contact relationship during transmission. The washers are used to smooth the contact surface of the steel balls to prevent the steel balls from falling off or deviating from the uneven surface of components. The six left steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring holes of the left rolling ring, and the six right steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring holes of the right rolling ring.

[0039] The inner diameter side of the right end of the compression spring is tightly clamped with the outer diameter of the left locking nut A, and the outer diameter side of the left end of the compression spring is matched with the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the annular groove; when fine-tuning, the right washer drives the stop nut to rotate through the locking nut B. At this time, the compression spring arranged in the annular groove of the stop nut can play a role in buffering and preventing slipping during overload. When the operator turns the handwheel, uneven force occurs and the compression spring can play a role in buffering. The transmission force is controlled and adjusted, thereby improving the comfortable hand feel; the tension and angle of the compression spring and other parameters can also be used to protect against slipping during overload.

[0040] The slide is connected to the microscope platform. When the screw shaft rotates, the slide can be driven to slide up and down in the curved arm slide slot through the longitudinal tooth pattern and the transmission rack, and the sliding can drive the microscope platform to move up and down. Stable guidance: The coarse focusing mechanism often uses a rack made of a material with good wear resistance (such as copper alloy) for precise guidance to ensure stability and accuracy during the focusing process. At the same time, by adjusting the center distance between the rack and the gear, the meshing accuracy of the gear and the rack can be ensured, further improving the stability of the focusing.

[0041] The cylindrical side wall of the right fine-tuning handwheel is fastened to the right end of the right fine-tuning handwheel by a set screw B; the left fine-tuning handwheel has the same structure as the right fine-tuning handwheel and has opposite left and right directions, which will not be described in detail.

[0042] Deflection of the fine-tuning mechanism: When using the fine-tuning mechanism, observe with a 10X objective lens. Within the depth of field, the center displacement of the phase plane is less than 0.05mm, and the air response of the fine-tuning mechanism is ≤0.004mm.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) Compact structure: The coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism of the present invention has novel design, reasonable structure, high precision, small travel deviation, simple assembly, low cost, and convenient processing. The coarse and fine adjustment mechanisms are integrated together, making the overall structure more compact, which is conducive to reducing the size of the instrument and the complicated assembly.

[0045] (2) Stable operation: At the same time, the coarse focusing mechanism is equipped with an overload protection function. The compression spring in the coarse hand wheel can play a buffering role and prevent slipping when overloaded, thereby enhancing the comfortable feel and improving the safety and reliability of use.

[0046] (3) Wide applicability: The coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism of the present invention is used in a variety of microscopes such as biology, metallography, polarization, and other optical instruments that require precise focusing. With the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous expansion of applications, this mechanism is expected to be more widely used and developed in the future. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is: a sectional view of the present invention through the center line of the screw shaft;

[0048] Figure 2 Yes: a sectional view of the screw shaft, gear sleeve and eccentric sleeve combination;

[0049] Figure 3 yes: Figure 1 A magnified view of part A; Figure 4 yes: Figure 1 A magnified view of part B;

[0050] Figure 5 yes: Figure 1 Enlarged view of part C; Figure 6 yes: Figure 1 A magnified view of the D portion;

[0051] Figure 7 Yes: left steel ball, left rolling ring and combined sectional view of left rolling ring;

[0052] Figure 8 Yes: Front view of the left coarse hand wheel and stop nut assembly;

[0053] Fig. 9 Yes: Main sectional view of the limit stud; Fig.10 Yes: Main section view of the limit hand wheel;

[0054] Fig.11 Yes: Main sectional view of right coarse hand wheel; Fig.12 Yes: Main section view of the right fine-tuning handwheel.

[0055] Description of the accompanying drawings: bending arm 1, bending arm body 101, supporting block 102, sliding groove 103, eccentric shaft sleeve 2, right locking nut A 3, left locking nut A 4, adjusting hand wheel 5, limiting hand wheel 6, outer cylinder 601, inner cylinder 602, annular groove A 603, set screw A 7, assembly point A 8, assembly point B 9, assembly point C 10, assembly point D11, assembly point E12, assembly point F13, assembly point G14, assembly point H15, assembly point I16, assembly point J17, assembly point K18, assembly point L19, assembly point M 20, right coarse hand wheel 21, right hand wheel body 2101, middle partition 2102, left cylindrical groove 2103, right cylindrical groove 2104, limiting screw B 2105, limiting pin B 2106, fastening screw 2107, left coarse hand wheel 22, clamping strip 2201, inner bottom surface 2202, gear shaft sleeve 23, annular step 2301, center through hole 2302, transmission rack 24, slide plate 25, copper gasket 26, corrugated washer 27, blister washer 28, clamping groove 29, limit screw A 30, screw shaft 31, right fine adjustment hand wheel 32, right fine adjustment hand wheel body 3201, cylindrical body 3202, left fine adjustment hand wheel 33, left washer 34, left rolling ring 35, left steel ball 36, limit stud 37, annular protrusion 3701, right steel ball 38, right rolling ring 39, right washer 40, locking nut B 41. Stop nut 42. Outer cylindrical shape 4201. Center cylindrical shape 4202. Annular groove 4203. Circular groove 4204. Compression spring 43. Limit pin A 44. Set screw B 45. Assembly point N 46. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The "left, right, front, and back" described in this embodiment are for the convenience of description, and the technical solutions with opposite directions and the same structure are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, it includes a support structure, a coarse movement structure and a fine adjustment structure, wherein the support structure includes a vertically arranged curved arm 1, wherein the curved arm 1 includes a curved arm body 101 at the rear side and a support stopper 102 at the front side; the coarse movement structure includes a right coarse hand wheel 21, a left coarse hand wheel 22, a gear shaft sleeve 23, a transmission rack 24 and a slide plate 25, wherein the gear shaft sleeve 23 is a columnar structure with a central through hole 2302; the fine adjustment structure includes a screw shaft 31, a right fine adjustment hand wheel 32, and a left fine adjustment hand wheel 33, wherein the diameters of the left and right ends of the screw shaft 31 are equal;

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the support structure also includes an eccentric sleeve 2, a right locking nut A3, a left locking nut A4, an adjustment hand wheel 5, a limit hand wheel 6 and a set screw A7; the coarse movement structure also includes a copper gasket 26, a wave washer 27 and a blister washer 28; the fine adjustment structure also includes a left washer 34, a left rolling ring 35, a left steel ball 36, a limit stud 37, a right steel ball 38, a right rolling ring 39, a right washer 40, a locking nut B 41, a stop nut 42, and a compression spring 43;

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the eccentric sleeve 2 is transversely fixedly arranged on the bent arm 1, and the eccentric sleeve 2 and the bent arm 1 are arranged perpendicular to each other; the gear sleeve 23 is inserted into the eccentric sleeve 2 and is connected with a gap, and the screw shaft 31 is inserted into the gear sleeve 23 and is connected with a gap, and the eccentric sleeve 2 is provided with assembly position A 8, assembly position B 9, assembly position C10, assembly position D11, assembly position E12, assembly position F13, assembly position G14, assembly position H15 and assembly position I16 from right to left;

[0060] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the assembly point A8 is the assembly point of the right locking nut A3, the assembly point B9 is the assembly point of the limiting hand wheel 6, the assembly point C10 is the assembly point of the right side of the bending arm 1, the assembly point E12 is the assembly point of the left side of the bending arm 1, the assembly point F13 is the assembly point of the adjusting hand wheel 5, the assembly point G14 is the assembly point of the copper gasket 26, the corrugated gasket 27 and the blister gasket 28, the assembly point H15 is the assembly point of the left coarse hand wheel 22, and the assembly point I16 is the assembly point of the left locking nut A4;

[0061] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the middle portion D of the gear sleeve 23 is provided with tooth patterns, the left end of the gear sleeve 23 is provided with assembly positions J17, assembly positions K18 and assembly positions L19 from left to right in sequence, and the right end of the gear sleeve 23 is provided with assembly position M20; the assembly position J17 is the assembly position of the locking nut B41, the assembly position K18 is the assembly position of the stop nut 42, the assembly position L19 is the assembly position of the compression spring 43, and the assembly position M20 is the assembly position of the right coarse hand wheel 21; the left end of the screw shaft 31 is provided with an assembly position N46, and the assembly position N46 is the assembly position of the left washer 34, the left rolling ring 35, the left steel ball 36, the limit stud 37, the right steel ball 38, the right rolling ring 39 and the right washer 40;

[0062] The connection structure of the main components is:

[0063] (1) Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the right side of the bent arm 1 is fixedly arranged at the assembly position C10 of the eccentric sleeve 2, and the left side of the bent arm 1 is fixedly arranged at the assembly position E12 of the eccentric sleeve 2;

[0064] (2) Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the tooth pattern of the middle portion D of the gear sleeve 23 is in a transverse cylindrical shape and protrudes from the surface of the screw shaft 31, and the tooth pattern of the middle portion D of the gear sleeve 23 is meshed with the transmission rack 24;

[0065] (3) Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.10 As shown, the limit hand wheel 6 comprises an outer cylinder 601 and an inner cylinder 602 including a central through hole 2302. The central through hole 2302 of the limit hand wheel 6 is sleeved at the assembly position B 9 of the eccentric sleeve 2. The inner cylinder 602 and the eccentric sleeve 2 are fixed by a set screw B 45. The left side of the limit hand wheel 6 and the right side of the curved arm 1 are clearance-matched. The limit hand wheel 6 plays a role of limiting and protecting, so that the platform or the slide on the platform does not collide with the objective lens.

[0066] (4) Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the center hole sleeve of the right locking nut A3 is arranged at the assembly position A8 of the eccentric sleeve 2 to fix the right end surface of the eccentric sleeve 2;

[0067] (5) Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the center hole of the adjusting hand wheel 5 is sleeved at the assembly point F13 of the eccentric sleeve 2, the right side of the adjusting hand wheel 5 is gap-connected with the left side of the bending arm 1, the copper gasket 26, the corrugated gasket 27 and the blister gasket 28 are arranged at the assembly point G14 of the eccentric sleeve 2, that is, in the bidirectional groove between the adjusting hand wheel 5 and the left coarse hand wheel 22, the copper gasket 26, the corrugated gasket 27 and the blister gasket 28 are arranged in sequence from left to right, which can prevent slipping during overload, thereby protecting the equipment and extending its service life;

[0068] (6) Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the left rough hand wheel 22 is arranged at the assembly position H15 of the eccentric shaft sleeve 2, the left locking nut A4 is arranged at the assembly position I16 of the gear shaft sleeve 23, and the inner wall of the left rough hand wheel 22 is tightened to the right by tightening the left locking nut A4, so that the left locking nut A4 is fastened to the left rough hand wheel 22, and the left rough hand wheel 22 is also fastened to the gear shaft sleeve 23; at this time, there is a gap between the left end of the eccentric shaft sleeve 2 and the left locking nut A4, and the eccentric shaft sleeve 2 is fixed on the bent arm 1. When the left rough hand wheel 22 rotates, the gear shaft sleeve 23 can be driven to rotate through the left locking nut A4, and the eccentric shaft sleeve 2 does not rotate;

[0069] (7) Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the stop nut 42 includes an outer cylindrical shape 4201, a central cylindrical shape 4202, an annular groove 4203 to the right, and a circular groove 4204 inwardly concave at the center of the left side, wherein the annular groove 4203 is between the outer cylindrical shape 4201 and the central cylindrical shape 4202; the central hole of the central cylindrical shape 4202 is sleeved on the assembly point K18 of the gear shaft sleeve 23 and is threadedly fastened, and the right end of the central cylindrical shape 4202 is pressed against the annular step 2301 between the assembly point K18 and the assembly point L19 on the left side of the gear shaft sleeve 23 to the right;

[0070] (8) Figure 8 As shown, the inner wall of the left coarse hand wheel 22 is symmetrically provided with a clamping strip 2201 on both sides of the housing, with a total of two clamping strips 2201. The outer wall of the stop nut 42 is symmetrically provided with a clamping groove 29 on both sides, corresponding to the clamping strip 2201 of the left coarse hand wheel 22, with a total of two clamping grooves 29. The two clamping grooves 29 are respectively inlaid and fixedly connected with the two clamping strips 2201. The clamping strip 2201 is in the clamping groove 29 and tightly fastens the stop nut 42. The rotation of the left coarse hand wheel 22 can drive the rotation of the stop nut 42.

[0071] (9) Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the locking nut B 41 is arranged at the assembly position J 17 of the gear shaft sleeve 23, and the locking nut B 41 is sleeved on the left end of the gear shaft sleeve 23 and is threadedly connected; the locking nut B 41 is pressed against the bottom of the central cylindrical 4202 on the left side of the stop nut 42 to the right to fix the stop nut 42, and the stop nut 42 is fastened to the annular step 2301 at the left end of the gear shaft sleeve 23, forming a locking nut B 41, a stop nut 42 and a gear shaft sleeve 23 assembly that are fastened together;

[0072] (10) Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the left locking nut A4 is sleeved at the assembly position L19 of the gear shaft sleeve 23, and the right bottom surface of the left locking nut A4 is close to the inner bottom surface 2202 of the left coarse hand wheel 22. The left locking nut A4 is tightened to the right to make the left coarse hand wheel 22 and the gear shaft sleeve 23 tightly connected; the right bottom surface of the left locking nut A4 and the left end surface of the eccentric shaft sleeve 2 are clearance fit;

[0073] (11) Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the compression spring 43 is assembled at the assembly point L19 and the assembly point K18 of the gear shaft sleeve 23, the right end of the compression spring 43 is sleeved on the left locking nut A4, and the left end of the compression spring 43 is clamped in the annular groove 4203 of the stop nut 42;

[0074] (12) Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.11 As shown, the right coarse hand wheel 21 is arranged at the assembly position M20 of the gear shaft sleeve 23, and the right coarse hand wheel 21 includes a right-hand wheel body 2101, a middle partition 2102, a left cylindrical groove 2103, a right cylindrical groove 2104, a limit screw B 2105, a limit pin B 2106 and a fastening screw 2107; the center hole of the middle partition 2102 is sleeved on the right end of the gear shaft sleeve 23 and is threadedly connected; a small threaded hole 2102-A is arranged on one side of the middle partition 2102, and the right end of the limit screw B 2105 is inserted into the small threaded hole and is threadedly connected; the limit pin B 2106 is arranged on the other side of the middle partition 2102, in the right cylindrical groove 2104, and the other side of the middle partition 2102 and the limit pin B A screw hole 2106-B is provided at a position corresponding to 2106, and the fastening screw 2107 is screwed into the screw hole, and the right side of the fastening screw 2107 is connected to the limit pin B 2106 by a thread;

[0075] (13) Figure 1 and Fig.12As shown, the right fine-tuning handwheel 32 includes a right fine-tuning handwheel body 3201 and a cylindrical body 3202 in the middle to the left, the size of the center hole of the cylindrical body 3202 matches the diameter of the right end of the screw shaft 31, and the right end of the screw shaft 31 is inserted into the center of the cylindrical body 3202 and is tightly connected; the structure of the left fine-tuning handwheel 33 is the same as that of the right fine-tuning handwheel 32, and the left and right directions of the two are opposite, and the left fine-tuning handwheel 33 and the right fine-tuning handwheel 32 are linked by the screw shaft 31;

[0076] (14) Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Fig. 9 As shown, the center holes of the left washer 34, the left rolling ring 35, the right rolling ring 39 and the right washer 40 are sequentially sleeved on the left end of the screw shaft and the assembly position N 46 from left to right, and the center holes of the left washer 34, the left rolling ring 35, the right rolling ring 39 and the right washer 40 are tightly connected to the screw shaft; 6 left steel balls 36 are arranged in the rolling ring holes of the left rolling ring 35, and 6 right steel balls 38 are arranged in the rolling ring holes of the right rolling ring 39; the diameters of the left steel balls 36 and the right steel balls 38 are 1.5 mm;

[0077] (15) Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Fig. 9 As shown, the limiting stud 37 is arranged on the inner side of the left end of the left coarse hand wheel 22, between the left rolling ring 35 and the right rolling ring 39, and the center hole of the limiting stud 37 is sleeved on the screw shaft, at the assembly position N 46, and is gap-connected with the screw shaft; an annular convex head 3701 is arranged on the right outer edge of the limiting stud 37, and an annular groove 4203 is arranged on the inner side of the left end of the left coarse hand wheel 22, corresponding to the annular convex head 3701, and the annular convex head 3701 is embedded in the annular groove 4203 and is tightly connected;

[0078] The coarse and fine adjustment principle of the present invention is:

[0079] (1) The principle of coarse motion is: Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, when coarse movement is performed, the right coarse hand wheel 21 can be rotated, and the right coarse hand wheel 21 drives the gear shaft sleeve 23 to rotate through the threaded connection with the right end of the gear shaft sleeve 23, and the gear in the middle part of the gear shaft sleeve 23 is tightly fastened with the rack, and the sliding plate 25 is driven to slide up and down through the meshing transmission of the gear shaft sleeve 23 and the transmission rack 24 to complete the coarse movement stroke;

[0080] Since the right coarse hand wheel 21 directly drives the gear shaft sleeve 23 to rotate, the coarse motion structure is greatly simplified;

[0081] (2) The fine-tuning principle is: Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, when the left fine-tuning hand wheel 33 is rotated, the left fine-tuning hand wheel 33 drives the screw shaft 31 to rotate together, and the rotation of the screw shaft 31 drives the left washer 34 and the right washer 40 to rotate; the left washer 34 and the left steel ball 36 generate rightward friction force, and the left steel ball 36 rolls in the left rolling ring 35 through the rightward friction force; the right washer 40 and the right steel ball 38 generate leftward friction force, and the right steel ball 38 rolls in the right rolling ring 39 through the leftward friction force; the power generated by the left steel ball 36 and the right steel ball 38 drives the limit stud 37 to rotate;

[0082] The limit stud 37 drives the left coarse hand wheel 22 to rotate through the fastening connection between the annular protrusion 3701 and the annular groove 4203, and the left coarse hand wheel 22 drives the stop nut 42 to rotate through the fastening connection between the clamping strip 2201 and the clamping groove 29, and the stop nut 42 drives the gear shaft sleeve 23 to rotate through the threaded connection with the gear shaft sleeve 23 at the assembly point K18; the gear in the middle part of the gear shaft sleeve 23 is tightly buckled with the rack, and the sliding plate 25 is driven to slide up and down through the meshing transmission of the gear shaft sleeve 23 and the transmission rack 24 to complete the fine adjustment stroke;

[0083] Coarse movement and fine adjustment complement each other. As long as one of them is rotated, the other will be transmitted together, but the stroke size is different. The coarse movement and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism adopts a coaxial adjustment design, that is, coarse movement and fine adjustment are performed on the same axis, which reduces the switching time during focusing and improves operating efficiency.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the assembly point C10 of the eccentric sleeve 2 is equal to the diameter of the assembly point E12, and the diameters of the sections to the right of the assembly point C10 of the eccentric sleeve 2 decrease successively, that is, the diameter of the assembly point C10> the diameter of the assembly point B9> the diameter of the assembly point A8; the diameters of the sections to the left of the assembly point E12 of the eccentric sleeve 2 decrease successively, that is, the diameter of the assembly point E12> the diameter of the assembly point F13> the diameter of the assembly point G14> the diameter of the assembly point H15> the diameter of the assembly point I16.

[0085] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Fig.10 As shown, a limit screw A30 is transversely arranged on one side of the bottom of the annular groove A603 of the limit hand wheel 6, and the limit screw A30 is fixed at the preset stroke terminal position; when the right coarse hand wheel 21 is rotated and the stroke reaches the terminal position, the limit screw B2105 fixed in the coarse hand wheel meets the limit screw A30, and an obstruction is generated, thereby achieving the stop of the coarse stroke. The limit screw A30 and the limit screw B2105 are used in conjunction with each other.

[0086] like Figure 1 and Fig.12As shown, a limit pin A 44 is provided on one side of the right fine-tuning handwheel body 3201. When the right fine-tuning handwheel 32 is rotated, the limit pin A 44 will meet the limit pin B 2106 fixed in the coarse handwheel to form an obstacle, so that the screw shaft 31 does not exceed the specified stroke range, thereby realizing the fine-tuning limit. The limit pin A 44 and the limit pin B 2106 are used in conjunction with each other; the product model of the set screw A 7 and the set screw B45 is M3X5 hexagonal cone end set screw.

[0087] like Figure 1 and Fig.11 As shown, a fastening screw 2107 is also provided in the right coarse hand wheel 21; a small threaded hole is provided on one side of the middle partition 2102 of the right coarse hand wheel 21, and the left end of the limit screw B 2105 is aligned with the left end of the right coarse hand wheel 21; when the stroke of the right coarse hand wheel 21 reaches a certain platform height, the limit screw B 2105 on the right coarse hand wheel 21 meets and generates resistance with the limit screw A 30 fixed on the limit hand wheel 6, thereby limiting the stroke of the right coarse hand wheel 21; the limit screw B 2105 and the limit screw A 30 cooperate with each other; the limit pin B 2106 is provided on one side of the right cylindrical groove, the left end of the limit pin B 2106 is close to the right side surface of the middle partition 2102, and is fixedly connected with the fastening screw 2107, and the product model of the fastening screw 2107 is an M3X6 cross pan head screw.

[0088] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the holes of the left rolling ring 35 and the right rolling ring 39 clamp the steel balls and fix the positions of the steel balls to prevent them from deviating from the stroke. The left rolling ring 35 and the right rolling ring 39 have the functions of orientation and positioning; the washer is sleeved on the screw shaft 31 and has no direct connection with the gear sleeve 23. It has a close contact relationship only during transmission. The washer is used to smooth the contact surface of the steel ball to prevent the steel ball from falling off or deviating from the uneven surface of the component.

[0089] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the inner diameter side of the right end of the compression spring 43 is tightly clamped with the outer diameter of the left locking nut A4, and the outer diameter side of the left end of the compression spring 43 is gap-matched with the inner wall of the outer tube of the annular groove 4203; when fine-tuning, the right washer 40 drives the stop nut 42 to rotate through the locking nut B41. At this time, the compression spring 43 arranged in the annular groove 4203 of the stop nut 42 can play a role in buffering and preventing slipping during overload. When the operator turns the handwheel, uneven force occurs and the compression spring 43 can play a role in buffering. The force of the transmission is controlled and adjusted, thereby improving the comfortable hand feel; and the tension and angle of the compression spring 43 and other parameters can be used to protect against slipping during overload.

[0090] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the slide plate 25 is connected to the microscope platform (not shown in the figure). When the screw shaft 31 rotates, the slide plate 25 can be driven to slide up and down in the slide groove 103 of the curved arm 1 through the longitudinal tooth pattern and the transmission rack 24, and the sliding can drive the microscope platform (not shown in the figure) to move up and down; Stable guidance: The coarse focusing mechanism often uses a rack made of a material with good wear resistance (such as copper alloy) for precise guidance to ensure stability and accuracy during the focusing process. At the same time, by adjusting the center distance between the rack and the gear, the meshing accuracy of the gear and the rack can be ensured, and the stability of the focusing can be further improved.

[0091] like Figure 1 and Fig.12 As shown, the side wall of the cylindrical body 3202 of the right fine-tuning hand wheel 32 is fastened to the right end of the right fine-tuning hand wheel 32 by a set screw B 45; the left fine-tuning hand wheel 33 has the same structure as the right fine-tuning hand wheel 32 and has opposite left and right directions, and will not be repeated.

[0092] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the deflection of the fine-tuning mechanism: when using the fine-tuning mechanism, observe with a 10X objective lens, the center displacement of the phase plane within the depth of field is less than 0.05mm, and the air response of the fine-tuning mechanism is ≤0.004mm.

[0093] The embodiments described above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism, comprising a support structure, a coarse movement structure and a fine adjustment structure, wherein the support structure comprises a vertically arranged curved arm, wherein the curved arm comprises a curved arm body at the rear side and a support stop at the front side; the coarse movement structure comprises a right coarse hand wheel, a left coarse hand wheel, a gear shaft sleeve, a transmission rack and a slide plate, wherein the gear shaft sleeve is a columnar structure with a central through hole; the fine adjustment structure comprises a screw shaft, a right fine adjustment hand wheel and a left fine adjustment hand wheel, wherein the diameters of the left and right ends of the screw shaft are equal, and wherein: The support structure also includes an eccentric sleeve, a right locking nut A, a left locking nut A, an adjustment handwheel, a limit handwheel and a set screw A; the coarse movement structure also includes a copper gasket, a corrugated gasket and a blister gasket; the fine adjustment structure also includes a left gasket, a left rolling ring, a left steel ball, a limit stud, a right steel ball, a right rolling ring, a right gasket, a locking nut B, a stop nut and a compression spring; The eccentric sleeve is transversely fixed on the bent arm, and the eccentric sleeve and the bent arm are perpendicular to each other; the gear sleeve is inserted into the eccentric sleeve and connected with a gap, and the screw shaft is inserted into the gear sleeve and connected with a gap, and the eccentric sleeve is provided with assembly points A, assembly points B, assembly points C, assembly points D, assembly points E, assembly points F, assembly points G, assembly points H and assembly points I from right to left in sequence; The assembly point A is the assembly point of the right locking nut A, the assembly point B is the assembly point of the limit hand wheel, the assembly point C is the assembly point of the right side of the bending arm, the assembly point E is the assembly point of the left side of the bending arm, the assembly point F is the assembly point of the adjustment hand wheel, the assembly point G is the assembly point of the copper gasket, the corrugated gasket and the blister gasket, the assembly point H is the assembly point of the left coarse hand wheel, and the assembly point I is the assembly point of the left locking nut A; The middle part D of the gear sleeve is provided with tooth patterns, and the left end of the gear sleeve is provided with assembly points J, assembly points K and assembly points L from left to right in sequence, and the right end of the gear sleeve is provided with assembly point M; the assembly point J is the assembly point of the locking nut B, the assembly point K is the assembly point of the stop nut, the assembly point L is the assembly point of the compression spring, and the assembly point M is the assembly point of the right coarse hand wheel; the left end of the screw shaft is provided with an assembly point N, and the assembly point N is the assembly point of the left washer, the left rolling ring, the left steel ball, the limit stud, the right steel ball, the right rolling ring and the right washer; The connection structure of the main components is: (1) The right side of the bent arm is fixedly arranged at the assembly position C of the eccentric sleeve, and the left side of the bent arm is fixedly arranged at the assembly position E of the eccentric sleeve; (2) The tooth pattern of the middle portion D of the gear sleeve is in a transverse cylindrical shape and protrudes from the surface of the screw shaft, and the tooth pattern of the middle portion D of the gear sleeve is meshed with the transmission rack; (3) The limit hand wheel comprises an outer cylindrical body and an inner cylindrical body including a central through hole. The central through hole of the limit hand wheel is sleeved at the assembly position B of the eccentric sleeve. The inner cylindrical body and the eccentric sleeve are fixed by a set screw B. The left side of the limit hand wheel and the right side of the bent arm are clearance-matched. (4) The center hole sleeve of the right locking nut A is arranged at the assembly position A of the eccentric sleeve to fix the right end surface of the eccentric sleeve; (5) The center hole sleeve of the adjusting hand wheel is arranged at the assembly point F of the eccentric sleeve, the right side of the adjusting hand wheel is gap-connected with the left side of the bending arm, the copper gasket, the corrugated gasket and the blister gasket are arranged at the assembly point G of the eccentric sleeve, that is, in the bidirectional groove between the adjusting hand wheel and the left coarse hand wheel, and the copper gasket, the corrugated gasket and the blister gasket are arranged in sequence from left to right; (6) The left rough hand wheel is arranged at the assembly position H of the eccentric shaft sleeve, and the left locking nut A is arranged at the assembly position I of the gear shaft sleeve and the inner wall of the left rough hand wheel. Tightening the left locking nut A to the right will fasten the left locking nut A and the left rough hand wheel, and at the same time, the left rough hand wheel and the gear shaft sleeve will be fastened; (7) The stop nut includes an outer cylindrical shape, a central cylindrical shape, an annular groove toward the right, and an inwardly concave circular groove at the center of the left side, wherein the annular groove is between the outer cylindrical shape and the central cylindrical shape; the center hole of the central cylindrical shape is sleeved at the assembly point K of the gear shaft sleeve and is threadedly fastened, and the right end of the central cylindrical shape is pressed against the annular step between the assembly point K and the assembly point L on the left side of the gear shaft sleeve to the right; (8) The inner wall of the left coarse hand wheel housing is symmetrically provided with a clamping strip, for a total of two clamping strips; the outer wall of the stop nut is symmetrically provided with a clamping groove, for a total of two clamping grooves, on both sides of the stop nut, at positions corresponding to the clamping strip of the left coarse hand wheel; the two clamping grooves are respectively inlaid and fixedly connected with the two clamping strips; the clamping strips are in the clamping grooves and tightly fastened to the stop nut; the left coarse hand wheel rotates, driving the stop nut to rotate; (9) The locking nut B is arranged at the assembly position J of the gear sleeve, and the locking nut B is sleeved on the left end of the gear sleeve and is threadedly connected; the locking nut B is pressed against the central cylindrical bottom on the left side of the stop nut to the right to fix the stop nut, and the stop nut is tightened to the annular step on the left end of the gear sleeve to form a locking nut B, stop nut and gear sleeve assembly that are tightened together; (10) The left locking nut A is sleeved at the assembly position L of the gear sleeve, and the right bottom surface of the left locking nut A is close to the inner bottom surface of the left coarse hand wheel. The left locking nut A is tightened to the right to tightly connect the left coarse hand wheel with the gear sleeve; the right bottom surface of the left locking nut A and the left end surface of the eccentric sleeve are in clearance fit; (11) The compression spring is assembled at the assembly points L and K of the gear sleeve, the right end of the compression spring is sleeved on the left locking nut A, and the left end of the compression spring is clamped in the annular groove of the stop nut; (12) The right coarse hand wheel is arranged at the assembly position M of the gear shaft sleeve, and the right coarse hand wheel comprises a right hand wheel body, a middle partition, a left cylindrical groove, a right cylindrical groove, a limit screw B, a limit pin B and a fastening screw; the center hole of the middle partition is sleeved on the right end of the gear shaft sleeve and is threadedly connected; a small threaded hole is arranged on one side of the middle partition, and the right end of the limit screw B is inserted into the small threaded hole and is threadedly connected; the limit pin B is arranged on the other side of the middle partition, in the right cylindrical groove, and a screw hole is arranged on the other side of the middle partition, corresponding to the limit pin B, and the fastening screw is screwed into the screw hole, and the right side of the fastening screw is threadedly connected to the limit pin B; (13) The right fine-tuning handwheel comprises a right fine-tuning handwheel body and a cylindrical body in the middle thereof facing leftward, the size of the central hole of the cylindrical body matches the diameter of the right end of the screw shaft, and the right end of the screw shaft is inserted into the center of the cylindrical body and tightly connected; the structure of the left fine-tuning handwheel is the same as that of the right fine-tuning handwheel, and the left and right directions of the left and right fine-tuning handwheels are opposite, and the left and right fine-tuning handwheels are linked by the screw shaft; (14) The center holes of the left washer, the left rolling ring, the right rolling ring and the right washer are sequentially sleeved on the left end of the screw shaft and the assembly position N from left to right, and the center holes of the left washer, the left rolling ring, the right rolling ring and the right washer are tightly connected to the screw shaft; a plurality of left steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring hole of the left rolling ring, and a plurality of right steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring hole of the right rolling ring; (15) The limit stud is arranged on the inner side of the left end of the left coarse hand wheel and between the left rolling ring and the right rolling ring. The center hole of the limit stud is sleeved on the screw shaft at the assembly position N and is gap-connected with the screw shaft. An annular convex head is arranged on the right outer edge of the limit stud. An annular groove is arranged on the inner side of the left end of the left coarse hand wheel and corresponding to the annular convex head. The annular convex head is embedded in the annular groove and is tightly connected. The coarse and fine adjustment principle of the present invention is: (1) The principle of coarse movement is: during coarse movement, the right coarse hand wheel is turned, and the right coarse hand wheel drives the gear sleeve to rotate through the threaded connection with the right end of the gear sleeve. The gear in the middle part of the gear sleeve is tightly fastened with the rack, and the sliding plate is driven up and down through the meshing transmission of the gear sleeve and the transmission rack to complete the coarse movement stroke; (2) The fine-tuning principle is: when the left fine-tuning handwheel is rotated, the left fine-tuning handwheel drives the screw shaft to rotate together, and the rotation of the screw shaft drives the rotation of the left washer and the right washer; the left washer and the left steel ball generate right-direction friction, and the left steel ball rolls in the left rolling circle through the right friction; the right washer and the right steel ball generate left-direction friction, and the right steel ball rolls in the right rolling circle through the left friction; the power generated by the left steel ball and the right steel ball drives the limit stud to rotate; The limit stud drives the left coarse hand wheel to rotate through the fastening connection between the annular convex head and the annular groove, and the left coarse hand wheel drives the stop nut to rotate through the fastening connection between the clamping strip and the clamping groove, and the stop nut drives the gear shaft sleeve to rotate through the threaded connection with the gear shaft sleeve at the assembly point K; the gear in the middle part of the gear shaft sleeve is tightly buckled with the rack, and the sliding plate is driven to slide up and down through the meshing transmission of the gear shaft sleeve and the transmission rack to complete the fine adjustment stroke; Coarse movement and fine adjustment complement each other. As long as one of them is rotated, the other will be transmitted together, but the stroke size is different. The coarse movement and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism adopts a coaxial adjustment design, that is, coarse movement and fine adjustment are carried out on the same axis.

2. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the assembly point C of the eccentric sleeve is equal to the diameter of the assembly point E, and the diameters of the sections to the right of the assembly point C of the eccentric sleeve decrease successively, that is, the diameter of the assembly point C> the diameter of the assembly point B> the diameter of the assembly point A; the diameters of the sections to the left of the eccentric sleeve at the assembly point E decrease successively, that is, the diameter of the assembly point E> the diameter of the assembly point F> the diameter of the assembly point G> the diameter of the assembly point H> the diameter of the assembly point I.

3. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit screw A is laterally arranged on one side of the bottom of the annular groove A of the limit handwheel, and the limit screw A is fixed at the preset position of the stroke terminal; when the right coarse handwheel is rotated and the stroke reaches the terminal position, the limit screw B fixed in the coarse handwheel meets the limit screw A, which creates an obstruction and stops the coarse stroke. The limit screw A and the limit screw B are used in conjunction with each other.

4. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit pin A is provided on one side of the right fine-tuning handwheel body. When the right fine-tuning handwheel is rotated, the limit pin A will meet the limit pin B fixed in the coarse handwheel to form an obstacle, so that the screw shaft does not exceed the specified stroke range, thereby realizing fine-tuning limit. The limit pin A and the limit pin B are used in conjunction with each other; the product model of the set screw A and the set screw B is M3X5 hexagonal cone end set screw.

5. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fastening screw is also provided in the right coarse handwheel; a small threaded hole is provided on one side of the middle partition of the right coarse handwheel, and the left end of the limit screw B is aligned with the left end of the right coarse handwheel; when the stroke of the right coarse handwheel reaches a certain platform height, the limit screw B on the right coarse handwheel meets and generates resistance with the limit screw A fixed on the limit handwheel, thereby limiting the stroke of the right coarse handwheel; the limit screw B and the limit screw A cooperate with each other; the limit pin B is provided on one side of the right cylindrical groove, the left end of the limit pin B is close to the right side surface of the middle partition, and is fixedly connected with a fastening screw, and the product model of the fastening screw is M3X6 cross pan head screw.

6. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right rolling ring holes clamp the steel balls and fix the positions of the steel balls to prevent them from deviating from the stroke. The left and right rolling rings have the functions of orientation and positioning. The washers are sleeved on the screw shaft and have no direct connection with the gear sleeve. They only have a close contact relationship during transmission. The washers are used to smooth the contact surface of the steel balls. The six left steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring holes of the left rolling ring, and the six right steel balls are arranged in the rolling ring holes of the right rolling ring.

7. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter side of the right end of the compression spring is tightly clamped with the outer diameter of the left locking nut A, and the outer diameter side of the left end of the compression spring is clearance-matched with the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the annular groove; when fine-tuning, the right washer drives the stop nut to rotate through the locking nut B.

8. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide plate is connected with the microscope platform. When the screw shaft rotates, the slide plate can be driven to slide up and down in the curved arm slide groove through the longitudinal tooth pattern and the transmission rack, and the sliding can drive the microscope platform to move up and down to provide stable guidance.

9. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical side wall of the right fine-tuning handwheel is fastened to the right end of the right fine-tuning handwheel by a set screw B; the left fine-tuning handwheel has the same structure as the right fine-tuning handwheel and has opposite left and right directions.

10. The microscope coarse and fine adjustment integrated focusing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Deflection of the fine-tuning mechanism: When using the fine-tuning mechanism, observe with a 10X objective lens. Within the depth of field, the center displacement of the phase plane is less than 0.05mm, and the air response of the fine-tuning mechanism is ≤0.004mm.

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