Tunnel fan system based on solar energy

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel fan system based on solar energy. The tunnel fan system comprises a photovoltaic power generation subsystem, an energy storage subsystem, a fan subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem. The photovoltaic power generation subsystem comprises a solar photovoltaic panel array arranged at the entrance and exit of the tunnel and along the line, the solar photovoltaic panel array is installed on an adjustable support, and an inverter is configured on the solar photovoltaic panel array; the inverter is used for converting direct current into alternating current; the energy storage subsystem is used for storing the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation subsystem; the fan subsystem comprises a tunnel fan and a control assembly thereof and is used for receiving the electric energy from the energy storage subsystem to work; and the intelligent control subsystem is used for carrying out centralized monitoring and intelligent scheduling on the photovoltaic power generation subsystem, the energy storage subsystem and the fan subsystem to realize remote monitoring, fault diagnosis and operation parameter optimization. The invention provides a greener, more efficient and more economical ventilation solution for tunnel engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy and traffic engineering, and more particularly to a tunnel fan system based on solar energy. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel engineering, the stability and energy efficiency of the ventilation system are indeed key factors that cannot be ignored. They are directly related to the quality of air in the tunnel, the guarantee of driving safety, and the control of operating costs. The traditional power supply mode of the power grid, while ensuring the normal operation of the ventilation system, also brings about the problems of high energy costs and the vulnerability of relying on the external power grid. Once the power grid fails or the power goes out, the ventilation system may face the risk of paralysis, posing a serious threat to the environment and driving safety in the tunnel.

[0003] To overcome these challenges, introducing solar energy technology into tunnel ventilation systems has become an innovative and promising solution. As an almost endless, clean and pollution-free energy source, solar energy has significant environmental and economic benefits. By installing a solar photovoltaic panel array, the tunnel ventilation system can generate its own electricity when there is sufficient sunlight, reducing dependence on the power grid, reducing energy costs, and reducing carbon emissions.

[0004] However, it is not easy to directly apply solar energy to tunnel ventilation systems. The intermittent and unstable nature of solar energy means that the amount of electricity generated will fluctuate with changing weather conditions, which places higher demands on the stable operation of the ventilation system. In addition, the environment inside the tunnel is complex and changeable, including temperature, humidity, air flow velocity and other factors, which will affect the performance and efficiency of the ventilation system. Therefore, how to design a solar ventilation system that can adapt to these complex environments and ensure the stability and energy efficiency of the ventilation system has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel fan system based on solar energy, which not only reduces the energy cost of the tunnel ventilation system and improves the autonomy and reliability of the system, but also improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and safety of the system through intelligent management, providing a more green, efficient and economical ventilation solution for tunnel engineering.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tunnel fan system based on solar energy, comprising: a photovoltaic subsystem, an energy storage subsystem, a fan subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem;

[0008] The photovoltaic power generation subsystem includes: a solar photovoltaic panel array arranged at the entrance and exit of the tunnel and along the route, the solar photovoltaic panel array is installed on an adjustable bracket, and an inverter is configured on the solar photovoltaic panel array; the inverter is used to convert direct current into alternating current;

[0009] The energy storage subsystem is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation subsystem;

[0010] The fan subsystem includes a tunnel fan and a control component thereof, which is used to receive electric energy from the energy storage subsystem to operate;

[0011] The intelligent control subsystem is used to centrally monitor and intelligently dispatch the photovoltaic power generation subsystem, energy storage subsystem and wind turbine subsystem, and realize remote monitoring, fault diagnosis and operation parameter optimization.

[0012] Further, the rated power of the tunnel fan system is determined according to the power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array;

[0013] The power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array is calculated by the following formula;

[0014] Ep = HA × PAZ / Es × K;

[0015] Among them, Ep is the power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array, HA is the total solar radiation on the horizontal surface of the solar photovoltaic panel array, Es is the irradiance under standard conditions, PAZ is the installed capacity, and K is the comprehensive efficiency coefficient.

[0016] Furthermore, the inverter adopts a string inverter, and the output end of the solar photovoltaic panel array is connected to the DC input end of the inverter; the inverter has an MPPT function.

[0017] Furthermore, the energy storage subsystem has a built-in energy storage component, and the energy storage component adopts a lithium-ion battery pack or a supercapacitor; the energy storage subsystem is also used to control charging and discharging according to system requirements.

[0018] Furthermore, the tunnel fan adopts a variable frequency fan, and the tunnel fan adjusts the speed of the built-in motor according to the input power of the power supply using a preset formula.

[0019] Furthermore, the preset formula is as follows:

[0020] n=60f(1-s) / p;

[0021] Among them, n is the speed of the built-in motor of the tunnel fan, f is the input power of the power supply, s is the motor slip rate, and p is the number of motor pole pairs.

[0022] Furthermore, the intelligent control subsystem includes:

[0023] The data perception layer is used to collect tunnel fan operation data and environmental data through sensing devices;

[0024] The data support layer is used to store and process tunnel fan operation data and environmental data. The environmental data includes tunnel environment data, tunnel fan operation video data and tunnel fan appearance data.

[0025] The data governance layer is used to reduce the dimension, clean, and analyze the modeling of the collected tunnel fan operation data and environmental data to output data results that meet business needs;

[0026] The platform application layer is used to monitor the operating status of tunnel fans, provide fault warnings, and adaptively match maintenance plans based on the data results output by the data governance layer. It also updates and optimizes the plan library and models according to the maintenance plan evaluation results to complete the operation and maintenance management of tunnel fans throughout their life cycle.

[0027] Furthermore, the sensing device includes but is not limited to: a camera, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a climate sensor, a noise sensor, and a vibration sensor.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention provides a tunnel fan system based on solar energy, which realizes the independent, reliable and environmentally friendly operation of the tunnel ventilation system by integrating the photovoltaic power generation subsystem, energy storage subsystem, fan subsystem and intelligent control subsystem. The present invention not only reduces the energy cost of the tunnel ventilation system, improves the autonomy and reliability of the system, but also improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and safety of the system through intelligent management, providing a more green, efficient and economical ventilation solution for tunnel engineering.

[0029] The present invention realizes energy self-sufficiency of the tunnel fan system by integrating a photovoltaic power generation subsystem. The solar photovoltaic panel array efficiently collects solar energy at the entrance and exit of the tunnel and along the line, and converts it into alternating current through an inverter, which is directly supplied to the fan subsystem. This self-sufficient energy supply method not only reduces dependence on the external power grid, but also significantly reduces energy costs. At the same time, the use of solar energy, a clean and renewable energy source, effectively reduces carbon emissions, which is in line with the green and low-carbon environmental protection concept.

[0030] The present invention introduces an intelligent control subsystem and organically combines the data perception layer, data support layer, data governance layer and platform application layer to achieve comprehensive monitoring and intelligent scheduling, remote monitoring, fault diagnosis and operation parameter optimization of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem, energy storage subsystem and fan subsystem, greatly improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and safety of the system. In addition, the intelligent control subsystem can automatically adjust the fan speed according to the changes in the environment in the tunnel, achieve precise control, and further improve the energy efficiency of the system.

[0031] The present invention uses a variable frequency fan and a solar photovoltaic panel array on an adjustable bracket. These designs enable the system to flexibly adapt to changes in the tunnel environment and changes in solar radiation. The fan speed is adjusted by a preset formula to ensure efficient operation of the fan under different working conditions. At the same time, the charge and discharge control function of the energy storage subsystem also provides the system with a longer period of stable operation guarantee. These features not only improve the reliability and stability of the system, but also bring significant economic benefits to its long-term operation.

[0032] It can be seen that compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantive features and significant progress, and the beneficial effects of its implementation are also obvious. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a system structure diagram of a specific implementation mode of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figure 1 A solar energy-based tunnel fan system is shown, comprising: a photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1, an energy storage subsystem 2, a fan subsystem 3 and an intelligent control subsystem 4.

[0037] The photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 includes: a solar photovoltaic panel array 11 arranged at the entrance and exit of the tunnel and along the line, the solar photovoltaic panel array 11 is installed on an adjustable bracket, and an inverter 12 is configured on the solar photovoltaic panel array 11; the inverter 12 is used to convert direct current into alternating current.

[0038] The rated power of the tunnel fan system is determined according to the power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array 11 .

[0039] The power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array 11 is calculated by the following formula;

[0040] Ep = HA × PAZ / Es × K;

[0041] Among them, Ep is the power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array, HA is the total solar radiation on the horizontal surface of the solar photovoltaic panel array, Es is the irradiance under standard conditions, PAZ is the installed capacity, and K is the comprehensive efficiency coefficient.

[0042] As an example, for extra-long tunnels, it may be necessary to build special adjustable brackets along the tunnel to ensure that the solar photovoltaic panel array 11 can receive sufficient light. Determine the optimal tilt angle of the solar photovoltaic panel array 11 according to the local latitude to obtain the maximum solar radiation energy. At the same time, seasonal changes should be taken into account, and the tilt angle can be adjusted by adjustable brackets. According to the length of the tunnel and the power demand, the solar photovoltaic panel array 11 is installed in sections in different areas to form a distributed energy network for easy maintenance and management.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the inverter 12 is a string inverter, and the output end of the solar photovoltaic panel array 11 is connected to the DC input end of the inverter 12; the inverter 12 has an MPPT function.

[0044] It should be noted that the string inverter is a device based on the concept of modularization, which connects a small number of photovoltaic strings in the solar photovoltaic panel array to the DC input terminal of the designated inverter to complete the conversion of DC power into AC power. The common output power of the string inverter is 60kW, 70kW, 125kW, 196kW and 225kW. For ground photovoltaic power stations, high-power string inverters have large single-machine power, advanced technology, and low investment, which is the future development trend. The main advantages of the string inverter include: the string inverter adopts a modular design, and a small number of strings are connected to one MPPT, which reduces the power generation loss caused by differences between strings (shadow shielding, uneven attenuation of components, etc.); the string inverter MPPT has a wide voltage range and a long power generation time; the string inverter is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry and install, does not require professional tools and equipment, and does not require a special distribution room, which can simplify construction in various applications. The current power generation cost of photovoltaic power generation systems is relatively high. If the inverter itself consumes too much energy during the power generation process, it will inevitably lead to a loss in total power generation and a decline in the system's economy. Therefore, the inverter is required to be reliable, efficient, and able to output maximum power based on the current operating conditions of the solar cell module.

[0045] In addition, the efficiency of the inverter includes maximum efficiency, European efficiency and MPPT efficiency. European efficiency (calculated according to the weighted formula at different power points) can better reflect the comprehensive efficiency characteristics of the inverter at different input powers, so the inverter efficiency of this system is calculated using European efficiency.

[0046] The energy storage subsystem 2 is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1.

[0047] The energy storage subsystem 2 has a built-in energy storage component 21, and the energy storage component 21 adopts a lithium-ion battery pack or a supercapacitor; the energy storage subsystem 2 is also used to control charging and discharging according to system requirements.

[0048] The fan subsystem 3 includes a tunnel fan 31 and its control components, which are used to receive power from the energy storage subsystem to work. The tunnel fan 31 adopts a variable frequency fan, and the tunnel fan 31 adjusts the speed of the built-in motor according to the input power of the power supply using a preset formula.

[0049] The preset formula is as follows:

[0050] n=60f(1-s) / p;

[0051] Among them, n is the speed of the built-in motor of the tunnel fan, f is the input power of the power supply, s is the motor slip rate, and p is the number of motor pole pairs.

[0052] Among them, this system selects high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption tunnel fans and carries out energy-saving design, including optimized fan impeller design, high-efficiency motors, and intelligent energy efficiency control systems to minimize energy consumption. In addition, the specifications and models of the fans need to be determined based on the system power requirements and fan operating conditions.

[0053] The intelligent control subsystem 4 is used to centrally monitor and intelligently dispatch the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1, the energy storage subsystem 2 and the wind turbine subsystem 3, so as to realize remote monitoring, fault diagnosis and operation parameter optimization.

[0054] In a specific implementation, the intelligent control subsystem 4 includes: a data perception layer 41, a data support layer 42, a data governance layer 43 and a platform application layer 44.

[0055] The data sensing layer 41 is used to collect tunnel fan operation data and environmental data through sensing devices, wherein the sensing devices include but are not limited to: cameras, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, climate sensors, noise sensors, and vibration sensors.

[0056] The data support layer 42 is used to store and process the tunnel fan operation data and environmental data. The environmental data includes tunnel environment data, tunnel fan operation video data and tunnel fan appearance data. The data support layer 42 is the core of the entire intelligent control subsystem 4, and contains data that affect various types of fans. Among them, the tunnel environment data includes the temperature, humidity, carbon monoxide concentration, wind direction and weather conditions in the tunnel, the tunnel fan operation data includes three-phase power data, fan power, fan speed and fan noise, etc., the tunnel fan operation video data includes whether the fan is shaking, whether the fan is on fire, and whether there is thick smoke around the fan, etc. The tunnel fan appearance data includes the shell temperature, fan vibration amplitude and frequency, and whether small parts of the fan shell are missing. All of the above data have some impact on the fault judgment and maintenance plan of the tunnel fan, and can provide comprehensive and effective data support for the later application layer.

[0057] The data governance layer 43 is used to reduce the dimension, clean, analyze and model the collected tunnel fan operation data and environmental data to output data results that meet business needs. The data governance layer 43 mainly implements the work of reducing the dimension, cleaning, analyzing and modeling all data after they are received. After passing through the data governance layer 43, the data is directly output to the corresponding business needs, which is the most critical part of the entire platform to achieve efficient tunnel fan operation and maintenance.

[0058] The platform application layer 44 is used to monitor the operation status of the tunnel fan, provide fault warnings, and adaptively match maintenance plans based on the data results output by the data governance layer 43. It also updates and optimizes the plan library and model according to the maintenance plan evaluation results to complete the operation and maintenance management of the tunnel fan throughout its life cycle.

[0059] In addition, it should be noted that during the actual operation of this system, system debugging and acceptance, as well as system operation and maintenance are required.

[0060] System debugging and acceptance include: After completing system integration, system debugging and acceptance work is carried out. Including system performance testing, safety protection inspection, energy efficiency evaluation, etc. Ensure that the system runs stably and meets the design requirements.

[0061] System operation and maintenance include: In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system, it is necessary to formulate a comprehensive operation and maintenance plan and continuously monitor and optimize the system performance.

[0062] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope limited by the application.

Claims

1. A tunnel fan system based on solar energy, characterized in that: include: Photovoltaic subsystem, energy storage subsystem, wind turbine subsystem and intelligent control subsystem; The photovoltaic power generation subsystem includes: a solar photovoltaic panel array arranged at the entrance and exit of the tunnel and along the route, the solar photovoltaic panel array is installed on an adjustable bracket, and an inverter is configured on the solar photovoltaic panel array; the inverter is used to convert direct current into alternating current; The energy storage subsystem is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation subsystem; The fan subsystem includes a tunnel fan and a control component thereof, which is used to receive electric energy from the energy storage subsystem to operate; The intelligent control subsystem is used to centrally monitor and intelligently dispatch the photovoltaic power generation subsystem, energy storage subsystem and wind turbine subsystem, and realize remote monitoring, fault diagnosis and operation parameter optimization.

2. The solar-powered tunnel fan system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rated power of the tunnel fan system is determined according to the power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array; The power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array is calculated by the following formula; Ep = HA × PAZ / Es × K; Among them, Ep is the power generation of the solar photovoltaic panel array, HA is the total solar radiation on the horizontal surface of the solar photovoltaic panel array, Es is the irradiance under standard conditions, PAZ is the installed capacity, and K is the comprehensive efficiency coefficient.

3. The solar-powered tunnel fan system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter adopts a string inverter, and the output end of the solar photovoltaic panel array is connected to the DC input end of the inverter; the inverter has an MPPT function.

4. The solar-powered tunnel fan system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage subsystem has a built-in energy storage component, and the energy storage component adopts a lithium-ion battery pack or a supercapacitor; the energy storage subsystem is also used to control charging and discharging according to system requirements.

5. The solar-powered tunnel fan system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel fan adopts a variable frequency fan, and the tunnel fan adjusts the speed of the built-in motor according to the input power of the power supply using a preset formula.

6. The solar-powered tunnel fan system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preset formula is as follows: n=60f(1-s) / p; Among them, n is the speed of the built-in motor of the tunnel fan, f is the input power of the power supply, s is the motor slip rate, and p is the number of motor pole pairs.

7. The solar-powered tunnel fan system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control subsystem comprises: The data perception layer is used to collect tunnel fan operation data and environmental data through sensing devices; The data support layer is used to store and process tunnel fan operation data and environmental data. The environmental data includes tunnel environment data, tunnel fan operation video data and tunnel fan appearance data. The data governance layer is used to reduce the dimension, clean, and analyze the modeling of the collected tunnel fan operation data and environmental data to output data results that meet business needs; The platform application layer is used to monitor the operating status of tunnel fans, provide fault warnings, and adaptively match maintenance plans based on the data results output by the data governance layer. It also updates and optimizes the plan library and models according to the maintenance plan evaluation results to complete the operation and maintenance management of tunnel fans throughout their life cycle.

8. The solar-powered tunnel fan system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensing devices include but are not limited to: cameras, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, climate sensors, noise sensors, and vibration sensors.

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