Well cellar type zero-speed punching transplanter and well cellar hole forming method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and discloses a well cellar type zero-speed punching transplanter and a well cellar hole forming method.The well cellar type zero-speed punching transplanter comprises a rack and two zero-speed transplanting devices, the zero-speed transplanting devices are driven by a transmission device, and each zero-speed transplanting device comprises a double-crank floating type punching mechanism and a seedling throwing mechanism; the double-crank floating type punching mechanism comprises a horizontal frame, the horizontal frame extends in the advancing direction of the advancing wheels, a double-crank assembly is arranged between the horizontal frame and the rack, a floating type hole head assembly is installed on the horizontal frame, and a hole head limiting assembly is jointly arranged between the floating type hole head assembly and the horizontal frame; upright zero-speed efficient punching is achieved through the double-crank floating type punching device, the problem that a well cellar hole is oval due to relative movement between a well cellar hole head and a soil ridge is solved, the well cellar hole punching quality and efficiency of the transplanter are improved, and the effects of no impact and low noise in the punching process are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a well-cellar type zero-speed hole-making and transplanting machine and a well-cellar hole forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Well-cellar transplanting refers to the technology of planting some seedlings of crops (such as tobacco, pepper, rapeseed, etc.) in high-altitude cold mountainous areas in holes (i.e. well-cellar holes) of a certain size to achieve high ridge deep planting. Compared with the traditional transplanting method, the crops transplanted by the well-cellar transplanting method have developed root systems, strong disease resistance and stress resistance, and reduce the impact of adverse external factors on the growth of seedlings. Therefore, the planting method of deep planting and early planting of seedlings effectively solves the problem of difficult planting in spring drought in high-altitude cold mountainous areas.

[0003] In the Chinese invention patent with patent application number 201810446860.6, a crop transplanter and transplanting method are proposed. The patent mainly has the following problems: First, when digging wells and pits, the transplanter is always moving forward, and it is easy for the transplanter to dig elliptical wells and pits, which will affect the subsequent seedling planting work, resulting in low hole digging efficiency of the transplanter, and relative displacement between the well and pit heads and the soil ridges, and it is easy for the well heads to scrape the film; second, in the process of digging wells and pits, the well heads need to move back and forth rapidly, which will not only cause a large impact on the frame, but also generate relatively loud noise. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a well-cellar type zero-speed hole-drilling transplanter and a well-cellar hole forming method thereof, and utilize a double-crank floating hole-drilling device to realize upright zero-speed and efficient hole-drilling, thereby solving the problem that the well-cellar hole is elliptical due to the relative movement between the well-cellar hole head and the soil ridge, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of the transplanter's well-cellar hole-drilling, and achieving the effect of no impact and low noise in the hole-drilling process.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution as follows: A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine comprises a frame, a pair of traveling wheels and a pair of rear wheels are mounted on the frame, two zero-speed transplanting devices are arranged side by side at the front end of the frame, each zero-speed transplanting device is driven by a transmission device, and each zero-speed transplanting device comprises a double crank floating hole-drilling mechanism and a seedling throwing mechanism arranged at the front and rear; The double crank floating acupuncture mechanism includes a horizontal frame, which is extended along the travel direction of the traveling wheel, a double crank assembly is arranged between the horizontal frame and the frame, a floating acupuncture head assembly is installed on the horizontal frame, and a acupuncture head limiting assembly is arranged between the floating acupuncture head assembly and the horizontal frame.

[0006] The following is a further optimization of the above technical solution by the present invention: The double crank assembly includes a front crank and a rear crank arranged front and rear, the middle parts of the front crank and the rear crank are rotatably mounted on the frame, one end of the front crank and the rear crank are provided with a fan-shaped counterweight block, the two ends of the horizontal frame are respectively fixed with a front mounting seat and a rear mounting seat, a front traction shaft is rotatably mounted on the front mounting seat, and the other end of the front crank is fixedly connected to the front traction shaft, a rear traction shaft is rotatably mounted on the rear mounting seat, and the other end of the rear crank is fixedly connected to the rear traction shaft.

[0007] Further optimization: the floating hole drilling assembly includes a slide arranged between the front mounting seat and the rear mounting seat, the slide is slidably installed on the horizontal frame along the length direction of the horizontal frame, a hole drilling motor is fixed on the top of the slide, and a well hole drilling head is arranged under the slide, and the well hole drilling head is fixedly installed on the motor shaft of the well hole drilling motor.

[0008] Further optimization: the hole head limit assembly includes a front lever and a rear lever arranged front and rear, the direction of the front lever is set opposite to the direction of the rear lever, the front lever is fixedly installed on the front traction shaft rod, and the rear lever is fixedly installed on the rear traction shaft rod. A front bracket adapted to the front lever is fixed to the front end of the slide, and a rear bracket adapted to the rear lever is fixed to the rear end of the slide.

[0009] Further optimization: the hole head limit assembly includes a cam with an irregular outer contour, the outer contour of the cam is adapted to the front and rear sliding trajectory of the slide, the cam is fixedly installed on the front traction shaft or the rear traction shaft, a compression spring is commonly installed between the rear end of the slide and the horizontal frame, a push frame is fixed to the rear end of the slide, a wear-resistant bearing is rotatably installed on the push frame, and the side of the wear-resistant bearing is pressed against the outer contour of the cam.

[0010] Further optimization: the seedling throwing mechanism includes a support frame fixed to the rear end of the frame, a seedling throwing turntable is rotatably installed on the top of the support frame, a plurality of seedling tubes arranged in a ring are penetrated on the seedling throwing turntable, a seedling throwing frame is fixed on the slide, and the seedling throwing frame is provided with a seedling dropping port, which is connected to the support frame through a seedling throwing hose, and the inlet end of the seedling throwing hose is connected to the seedling tube on the seedling throwing turntable.

[0011] Further optimization: the transmission device includes a transmission main shaft rotatably installed on the frame, the two traveling wheels drive the transmission main shaft to rotate through the first transmission assembly, the transmission main shaft drives the front crank to rotate through the second transmission assembly, the front crank drives the rear crank to rotate through the third transmission assembly, and the rear crank drives the seedling turntable to rotate through the fourth transmission assembly.

[0012] Further optimization: a suspension frame is laterally fixed to the front end of the frame, depth adjusters are arranged between both ends of the suspension frame and the corresponding traveling wheels, and a seat is arranged on the rear side of each seedling turntable, and the seat is fixed on the frame.

[0013] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A method for forming a well cellar comprises the following steps: S1. Hole-drilling depth adjustment: Use the depth regulator to adjust the hole-drilling depth of the zero-speed transplanting device; S2. Digging wells and pits: using a double crank floating pit digging mechanism to dig vertical wells and pits on the soil ridges; S3. Manual seedling placement: Workers sit on a chair and place seedlings from the plug tray into each seedling tube on the seedling placement turntable; S4. Automatic transplanting: The double crank assembly drives the seedling turntable to rotate, so that the seedling tubes are connected to the seedling hoses one by one. At the same time, the seedling drop port moves with the slide to accurately transplant the seedlings in the hole tray into each well cellar hole.

[0014] Further optimization: The specific steps of digging a well pit in the above step S2 are as follows: S201, the acupuncture motor drives the well head to rotate at high speed; S202, the transmission device drives the double crank assembly to move, driving the horizontal frame to continuously reciprocate and ascend, and the descending of the horizontal frame drives the high-speed rotating well cellar head to enter the soil for hole-drilling operation; S203, after the well hole head is sunk into the soil, the carriage slides backward along the horizontal frame under the action of soil resistance or the compression spring, so that the well hole head and the soil remain stationary in front and back, realizing zero-speed well hole drilling; S205, the horizontal frame lifts the well pit hole head until the well pit hole head is separated from the soil ridge, and the hole head limit assembly pushes the slide frame to continue to move backward to ensure that the well pit hole head and the soil are stationary in front and behind; S206. After the well hole head is separated from the soil ridge, the hole head limiting assembly pushes the slide frame to move forward and reset to prepare for the next round of hole drilling operation.

[0015] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts the above technical solution and adopts a floating hole-drilling device. The well hole head slides back and forth during the rising and falling process, and can always remain stationary with the soil ridge in the front and back during the hole-drilling operation, realizing "zero-speed" well hole drilling, thereby ensuring the uprightness of the well hole and solving the problem of the transplanter drilling an elliptical hole.

[0016] 2. The hole head limit assembly is used to adjust the position of the slide accordingly. After the well hole head is inserted into the soil, the well hole head and the soil remain relatively still front and back under the resistance of the soil or the thrust of the cam. The double crank assembly drives the well hole head to move up and down, realizing "zero speed" well hole drilling; Before the well hole head is lifted upward and leaves the soil ridge, the hole head limit assembly continues to push the slide backward to maintain "zero speed" and avoid the situation of film scraping caused by relative movement between the well hole head and the soil; after the well hole head leaves the soil ridge, the hole head limit assembly pushes the slide forward to return to its position to prepare for the next round of hole drilling work.

[0017] 3. The drilling motor drives the well hole head to rotate at high speed. The rotating well hole head reduces the soil resistance during the drilling process, thereby improving the smoothness of the inner surface of the well hole and the cylindricity of the well hole, thereby preventing the soil from collapsing.

[0018] 4. The setting of the floating hole head assembly can perform floating displacement in the process of digging wells and pits. Compared with the quick-return hole-drilling structure in traditional transplanters, the hole-drilling device in the present invention does not have any quick-return reciprocating motion, has little impact on the frame, and generates little noise, thereby improving the quality and speed of the transplanter's well-drilling.

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission device in the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the zero-speed transplanting device in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a double crank floating acupuncture mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a double crank floating acupuncture mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the well-drilling action process of the double-crank floating hole-drilling mechanism in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1-frame; 11-suspension frame; 12-depth adjuster; 121-support link; 122-mounting link; 123-adjustable telescopic rod; 13-seat; 2-travel wheel; 3-rear wheel; 4-transmission device; 41-transmission main shaft; 42-first transmission assembly; 421-first shaft rod; 422-first sprocket; 423-first chain; 43-second transmission assembly; 431-second shaft rod; 432-second sprocket; 433-second chain; 44-third transmission assembly; 441-third shaft rod; 442-third sprocket; 443-third chain; 45-fourth transmission assembly; 451-reducer; 452-fourth sprocket; 453-fourth chain; 5-double crank floating acupuncture machine Structure; 51-horizontal frame; 52-double crank assembly; 521-front crank; 522-rear crank; 523-fan-shaped counterweight; 524-front mounting seat; 525-rear mounting seat; 526-front traction shaft; 527-rear traction shaft; 53-floating hole head assembly; 531-slide; 532-hole drilling motor; 533-well hole head; 54-hole head limit assembly; 541-front lever; 542-rear lever; 543-front bracket; 544-rear bracket; 545-cam; 546-compression spring; 547-push frame; 548-wear-resistant bearing; 6-seedling throwing mechanism; 61-support frame; 62-seedling throwing turntable; 63-seedling tube; 64-seedling throwing frame; 65-seedling drop port; 66-seedling throwing hose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown together, a well-cellar type zero-speed hole-piercing and transplanting machine includes a frame 1, on which a pair of traveling wheels 2 and a pair of rear wheels 3 are installed, and two zero-speed transplanting devices are arranged side by side at the front end of the frame 1, each zero-speed transplanting device is driven by a transmission device 4, and each zero-speed transplanting device includes a double-crank floating hole-piercing mechanism 5 and a seedling throwing mechanism 6 arranged at the front and rear.

[0025] In this embodiment, the transplanter has a compact structure and high hole-making efficiency, and can be used for well-cellar transplanting of seedlings such as tobacco, pepper, and rapeseed, so it has a wide range of applicability.

[0026] In this embodiment, the transplanter has double rows of wells and pits for hole drilling and seedling transplanting. The transmission devices 4 on the left and right sides of the transplanter are symmetrically arranged, thereby realizing two rows of wells and pits for hole drilling and seedling transplanting operations on the membrane, thereby effectively improving the well drilling efficiency and seedling transplanting efficiency of the transplanter.

[0027] In this embodiment, the transplanter realizes the automated well-drilling and pit-drilling operation through the double-crank floating hole-drilling mechanism 5, and the seedling-dropping mechanism 6 realizes the automated seedling-dropping and transplanting operation, which can effectively reduce the intensity of manual labor.

[0028] Among them, the double-crank floating hole punching mechanism 5 includes a horizontal frame 51, which is extended along the traveling direction of the traveling wheel 2, a double crank assembly 52 is arranged between the horizontal frame 51 and the frame 1, a floating hole head assembly 53 is installed on the horizontal frame 51, and a hole head limiting assembly 54 is jointly arranged between the floating hole head assembly 53 and the horizontal frame 51.

[0029] In this embodiment, the horizontal frame 51 includes two parallel horizontal guide rails, each of which is extended along the forward direction of the traveling wheel 2 , and the two horizontal guide rails are fixed together by a front mounting seat 524 and a rear mounting seat 525 .

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown together, the double crank assembly 52 includes a front crank 521 and a rear crank 522 arranged front and rear, the middle parts of the front crank 521 and the rear crank 522 are rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and one end of the front crank 521 and the rear crank 522 are provided with a fan-shaped counterweight 523, and the two ends of the horizontal frame 51 are respectively fixed with a front mounting seat 524 and a rear mounting seat 525, a front traction shaft 526 is rotatably mounted on the front mounting seat 524, and the other end of the front crank 521 is fixedly connected to the front traction shaft 526, a rear traction shaft 527 is rotatably mounted on the rear mounting seat 525, and the other end of the rear crank 522 is fixedly connected to the rear traction shaft 527.

[0031] In this embodiment, the front mounting seat 524 and the rear mounting seat 525 each include a pair of bearing seats, and the two bearing seats are respectively fixed on a horizontal guide rail.

[0032] In this embodiment, both ends of the front traction shaft 526 and the rear traction shaft 527 are rotatably mounted on corresponding bearing seats.

[0033] like Figure 3-Figure 5As shown together, the floating hole drilling assembly 53 includes a slide 531 arranged between the front mounting seat 524 and the rear mounting seat 525. The slide 531 is slidably installed on the horizontal frame 51 along the length direction of the horizontal frame 51. A hole drilling motor 532 is fixed to the top of the slide 531, and a well hole drilling head 533 is arranged below the slide 531. The well hole drilling head 533 is fixedly installed on the motor shaft of the well hole drilling motor 532 through a coupling.

[0034] In this embodiment, the slide 531 includes two pairs of sliders arranged opposite to each other, each slider is slidably mounted on a corresponding horizontal guide rail, and a horizontal plate is commonly fixed to all the sliders.

[0035] In this embodiment, the acupuncture motor 532 is fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal plate, and the motor shaft of the acupuncture motor 532 passes through the horizontal plate.

[0036] In this embodiment, the setting of the floating hole head assembly 53 enables the well hole head 533 to move forward and backward during the hole digging process, which not only offsets the forward distance of the transplanter, allowing the well hole head 533 to remain relatively still with the soil, thereby achieving upright "zero-speed" and efficient well hole digging, but also allows it to return to the original position after completing the hole digging work, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of each well hole digging work.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown together, the hole head limit assembly 54 includes a front lever 541 and a rear lever 542 arranged front and rear, the front lever 541 is arranged in an opposite direction to the rear lever 542, the front lever 541 is fixedly mounted on the front traction shaft 526, the rear lever 542 is fixedly mounted on the rear traction shaft 527, the front end of the slide 531 is fixed with a front bracket 543 adapted to the front lever 541, and the rear end of the slide 531 is fixed with a rear bracket 544 adapted to the rear lever 542.

[0038] In this embodiment, the front lever 541 and the rear lever 542 both include a fixed sleeve. The fixed sleeve of the front lever 541 is installed on the front traction shaft 526, and the fixed sleeve of the rear lever 542 is installed on the rear traction shaft 527. A straight rod is fixed on each fixed sleeve, and a rotating bearing is rotatably installed on one end of each straight rod away from the fixed sleeve.

[0039] In this embodiment, the front bracket 543 is a vertical plate fixed on the slide 531 along the vertical direction. The fixing position and height of the vertical plate are determined by the length of the front lever 541, so that when the front lever 541 is rotated to the direction of the slide 531, it can push the slide 531 to move backward.

[0040] The rear bracket 544 is a long arc plate arranged in an arc shape, and the fixing position and height of the long arc plate are determined by the length of the front lever 541, so that when the rear lever 542 rotates to the direction where the slide 531 is located, it can push the slide 531 to move forward.

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown together, the seedling throwing mechanism 6 includes a support frame 61 fixed to the rear end of the frame 1, a seedling throwing turntable 62 is rotatably installed on the top of the support frame 61, and a plurality of seedling tubes 63 arranged in a ring are penetrated on the seedling throwing turntable 62, a seedling throwing frame 64 is fixed on the slide 531, and a seedling dropping port 65 is provided on the seedling throwing frame 64, and the seedling dropping port 65 is connected to the support frame 61 through a seedling throwing hose 66, and the inlet end of the seedling throwing hose 66 is connected to the seedling tube 63 on the seedling throwing turntable 62.

[0042] In this embodiment, the seedling planting hose 66 can be a retractable hose made of plastic material.

[0043] In this embodiment, a seedling leakage port (not shown in the figure) is provided on the top of the support frame 61, the position of the seedling leakage port corresponds to the position of the seedling tube 63, and the inlet end of the seedling dropping hose 66 is connected to the seedling leakage port.

[0044] In this embodiment, the rotation angle of the seedling turntable 62 is controlled by the forward distance of the traveling wheel 2. When the well hole head 533 is digging a well hole, one of the seedling tubes 63 on the seedling turntable 62 is aligned with the seedling leakage port, and the hole tray seedlings in the seedling tube 63 enter the seedling dropping hose 66, and then fall into the corresponding well hole through the seedling drop port 65, completing the automatic seedling dropping work.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown together, the transmission device 4 includes a transmission main shaft 41 rotatably mounted on the frame 1, the two traveling wheels 2 drive the transmission main shaft 41 to rotate through the first transmission assembly 42, the transmission main shaft 41 drives the front crank 521 to rotate through the second transmission assembly 43, the front crank 521 drives the rear crank 522 to rotate through the third transmission assembly 44, and the rear crank 522 drives the seedling turntable 62 to rotate through the fourth transmission assembly 45.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first transmission assembly 42 includes a first shaft 421, each traveling wheel 2 is fixedly mounted on the first shaft 421, a first sprocket 422 is fixedly mounted on the transmission main shaft 41 and the first shaft 421, and a first chain 423 is wound around the two first sprockets 422.

[0047] In this embodiment, through the power transmission of the first transmission assembly 42 , the rotating traveling wheel 2 provides power for the rotation of the transmission main shaft 41 .

[0048] In this embodiment, the second transmission assembly 43 includes a second shaft 431 parallel to the transmission main shaft 41, and the front crank 521 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 through the second shaft 431. The second shaft 431 and the transmission main shaft 41 are both fixedly mounted with a second sprocket 432, and a second chain 433 is commonly wound around the two second sprockets 432.

[0049] In this embodiment, the third transmission assembly 44 includes a third shaft 441 parallel to the transmission main shaft 41, and the rear crank 522 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 through the third shaft 441. The third shaft 441 and the second shaft 431 are both fixedly mounted with a third sprocket 442, and a third chain 443 is commonly wound around the two third sprockets 442.

[0050] In this embodiment, the fourth transmission assembly 45 includes a reducer 451 fixed on the support frame 61, and a fourth sprocket 452 is fixedly installed on the input shaft of the reducer 451 and the third shaft 441. A fourth chain 453 is commonly wound around the two fourth sprockets 452, and the rotating shaft of the seedling turntable 62 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer 451.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown together, a suspension frame 11 is laterally fixed to the front end of the frame 1, depth adjusters 12 are arranged between both ends of the suspension frame 11 and the corresponding traveling wheels 2, and a seat 13 is arranged on the rear side of each seedling turntable 62, and the seat 13 is fixed on the frame 1.

[0052] In this embodiment, the frame 1 is connected to the tractor through the suspension frame 11, and the tractor is used to pull the transplanter and provide forward power for the transplanter. The traveling wheel 2 drives the double-row zero-speed transplanter through the transmission device 4 to complete the automated operations of digging wells and planting seedlings.

[0053] In this embodiment, the zero-speed transplanting device can be used not only in a towed transplanter but also in a self-propelled transplanter.

[0054] In this embodiment, the depth adjuster 12 includes a supporting link 121, one end of the supporting link 121 is rotatably mounted on the transmission main shaft 41, the other end of the supporting link 121 is rotatably mounted with a first shaft 421, a mounting link 122 is fixed on the supporting link 121, the mounting link 122 is perpendicular to the supporting link 121, and an adjustable telescopic rod 123 is hinged between the mounting link 122 and the frame 1.

[0055] In this embodiment, the adjustable telescopic rod 123 can be a threaded telescopic rod that can be purchased on the market.

[0056] In this embodiment, the rear wheel 3 is mounted on the frame 1 via a telescopic structure (the telescopic structure constitutes the prior art), so the rear wheel 3 and the traveling wheel 2 can both be adjusted in height.

[0057] In this embodiment, the adjustment of the height of the rear wheel 3 and the traveling wheel 2 realizes the depth of the well hole dug by the well hole head 533.

[0058] Embodiment 2 This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that: like Figure 5 As shown, the hole head limit assembly 54 includes a cam 545 with an irregular outer contour, the outer contour of the cam 545 is adapted to the front and rear sliding trajectory of the slide 531, the cam 545 is fixedly mounted on the front traction shaft 526 or the rear traction shaft 527, a clamping spring 546 is commonly installed between the slide 531 and the rear end of the horizontal frame 51, a push frame 547 is fixed to the rear end of the slide 531, a wear-resistant bearing 548 is rotatably mounted on the push frame 547, and the side of the wear-resistant bearing 548 is pressed against the outer contour of the cam 545.

[0059] In this embodiment, the outer contour of the cam 545 is an irregular shape, mainly including a large diameter arc segment and a small diameter arc segment. A fixing groove is provided at one end of the large diameter arc segment and one end of the small diameter arc segment. The cam 545 is installed thereon through the fixing groove, and the other end of the large diameter arc segment is connected to the other end of the small diameter arc segment.

[0060] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the outer contour of the cam 545 at all locations are adapted to the sliding track of the slide 531 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the push frame 547 includes a vertical rod and a horizontal rod fixed together, and the wear-resistant bearing 548 is rotatably installed on an end of the horizontal rod away from the vertical rod.

[0062] In this embodiment, the compression springs 546 are all tension springs.

[0063] In this embodiment, the setting of the hole head limit assembly 54 realizes the reciprocating uniform movement of the well hole head 533, thereby solving the problem of impact caused by the reciprocating movement of the double crank floating hole drilling mechanism 5, and further achieving the effect of small impact on the frame 1 and low noise generation.

[0064] In this embodiment, the horizontal frame 51 moves up and down, and the slide 531 can slide forward and backward along the extension direction of the horizontal frame 51 . The hole head limiting assembly 54 can limit the range of movement of the slide 531 .

[0065] Embodiment 3 like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown in the figure, a well cellar forming method comprises the following steps: S1. Adjusting the hole-digging depth: The hole-digging depth of the pit of the zero-speed transplanting device is adjusted by using the depth regulator 12 and the telescopic structure at the rear wheel 3 .

[0066] In this embodiment, by adjusting the length of the adjustable telescopic rod 123 on the depth regulator 12, the height of the frame 1 is freely adjusted to adjust the depth of the well head 533 into the ground, thereby adjusting the depth of the well.

[0067] S2, digging wells and pits: using the double crank floating hole digging mechanism 5 to dig vertical wells and pits on the soil ridge.

[0068] S3, manual seedling throwing: The worker sits on the seat 13 and throws the seedlings in the plug tray into each seedling tube 63 of the seedling throwing turntable 62.

[0069] S4, automatic transplanting: the double crank assembly 52 drives the seedling rotating disc 62 to rotate, so that the seedling tubes 63 are connected to the seedling hoses 66 one by one, and at the same time, the seedling drop port 65 moves together with the slide 531 to accurately transplant the seedlings in the hole tray into each well cellar hole.

[0070] In this embodiment, the rear crank 522 transmits power to the seedling casting turntable 62 through the fourth transmission assembly 45, and the seedling casting turntable 62 then rotates the crank 522. When the seedling tube 63 passes through the seedling casting hose 66, the seedlings in the seedling tube 63 are dropped.

[0071] In this embodiment, a placement rack for placing seedling trays (not shown in the figure) can be set on the frame 1. A worker sits on the seat 13 and manually takes out the plug tray seedlings on the seedling tray, and then places the taken out plug tray seedlings into the seedling tube 63, so that the seedling planting mechanism 6 can transplant the plug tray seedlings into the well cellar holes.

[0072] like Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps of digging a well pit in the above step S2 are as follows: S201, the drilling motor 532 drives the well drilling head 533 to rotate at high speed.

[0073] In this embodiment, the high-speed rotating well hole head 533 reduces the resistance encountered by the well hole head 533 inside the soil, so that the smoothness and cylindricity of the inner surface of the well hole meet the transplanting requirements, thereby improving the quality of the well holes dug by the transplanter.

[0074] S202, the transmission device 4 drives the double crank assembly 52 to move, driving the horizontal frame 51 to continuously reciprocate and ascend and descend, and the horizontal frame 51 descends and drives the high-speed rotating well head 533 to enter the soil to perform a hole-drilling operation.

[0075] In this embodiment, when the transplanter moves forward, the traveling wheel 2 rolls on the ground and transmits power to the transmission main shaft 41 through the first transmission assembly 42. The transmission main shaft 41 transmits power to the front crank 521 through the second transmission assembly 43. The front crank 521 transmits power to the rear crank 522 through the third transmission assembly 44, so that the rear crank 522 rotates synchronously with the front crank 521.

[0076] S203, after the well hole head 533 is sunk into the soil, the slide 531 slides backward along the horizontal frame 51 under the action of soil resistance or the compression spring 546, so that the well hole head 533 and the soil remain stationary front and back, realizing zero-speed well hole drilling.

[0077] S205, the horizontal frame 51 lifts the well pit hole head 533 until the well pit hole head 533 is separated from the soil ridge, and the hole head limiting assembly 54 pushes the slide 531 to continue to move backward to ensure that the well pit hole head 533 and the soil are stationary in front and behind; S206, after the well hole head 533 is separated from the soil ridge, the hole head limiting assembly 54 pushes the slide 531 to move forward and reset to prepare for the next round of hole drilling operation.

[0078] When the hole head limiting assembly 54 described in the first embodiment is used: First, after the well hole head 533 contacts the soil ridge, it is subjected to resistance from the soil. Under the action of the soil resistance, the well hole head 533 and the soil remain relatively still front and back, and the double crank assembly 52 drives the well hole head 533 to move up and down, realizing "zero-speed" well hole drilling.

[0079] Secondly, when the well hole head 533 is about to leave the soil ridge, the soil resistance decreases, the backward movement speed of the well hole head 533 decreases, and the front shift rod 541 pushes the slide 531 to continue moving backward, maintaining the "zero speed" of the well hole head 533.

[0080] Finally, after the well hole head 533 leaves the soil ridge, the rear lever 542 pushes the carriage 531 to move forward to the initial position to prepare for the next round of well hole digging and seedling transplanting.

[0081] When the hole head limiting assembly 54 described in the second embodiment is used (taking the cam 545 installed on the rear traction shaft 527 as an example): First, the well hole head 533 contacts the soil ridge, and uses the elastic force of the compression spring 546 to drive the slide 531 to move backward, and keeps the wear-resistant bearing 548 pressed against the side wall of the cam 545 at all times, thereby achieving the mutual offset of the backward movement distance of the slide 531 and the forward distance of the transplanter, so that the well hole head 533 and the soil remain relatively still front and back, and the double crank assembly 52 drives the well hole head 533 to move up and down, realizing "zero speed" well hole drilling.

[0082] Secondly, before the well head 533 is about to leave the soil ridge, the slide 531 continues to move backward under the elastic force of the compression spring 546, and the wear-resistant bearing 548 is always pressed against the side wall of the cam 545, maintaining the "zero speed" of the well head 533.

[0083] Finally, when the well hole head 533 leaves the earth ridge, the cam 545 rotates to the large-diameter arc section, which can push the slide 531 forward to the initial position and stretch the compression spring 546 to prepare for the next round of hole drilling.

[0084] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine, comprising a frame (1), on which a pair of traveling wheels (2) and a pair of rear wheels (3) are mounted. It is characterized in that Two zero-speed transplanting devices are arranged side by side at the front end of the frame (1), each of which is driven by a transmission device (4), and each of which includes a double-crank floating hole-making mechanism (5) and a seedling throwing mechanism (6) arranged at the front and rear. The double crank floating acupuncture mechanism (5) comprises a horizontal frame (51), the horizontal frame (51) is arranged to extend along the travel direction of the traveling wheel (2), a double crank assembly (52) is arranged between the horizontal frame (51) and the frame (1), a floating acupuncture head assembly (53) is installed on the horizontal frame (51), and a acupuncture head limiting assembly (54) is arranged between the floating acupuncture head assembly (53) and the horizontal frame (51).

2. A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The double crank assembly (52) comprises a front crank (521) and a rear crank (522) arranged front and rear, the middle parts of the front crank (521) and the rear crank (522) are both rotatably mounted on the frame (1), one end of the front crank (521) and the rear crank (522) are both provided with a fan-shaped counterweight (523), the two ends of the horizontal frame (51) are respectively fixed with a front mounting seat (524) and a rear mounting seat (525), a front traction shaft (526) is rotatably mounted on the front mounting seat (524), the other end of the front crank (521) is fixedly connected to the front traction shaft (526), ​​a rear traction shaft (527) is rotatably mounted on the rear mounting seat (525), and the other end of the rear crank (522) is fixedly connected to the rear traction shaft (527).

3. A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The floating hole-drilling head assembly (53) comprises a slide frame (531) arranged between a front mounting seat (524) and a rear mounting seat (525); the slide frame (531) is slidably mounted on the horizontal frame (51) along the length direction of the horizontal frame (51); a hole-drilling motor (532) is fixed on the top of the slide frame (531); a well-drilling hole-drilling head (533) is arranged below the slide frame (531); and the well-drilling hole-drilling head (533) is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of the well-drilling hole-drilling motor (532).

4. A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The hole head limiting assembly (54) comprises a front lever (541) and a rear lever (542) arranged front and rear, the front lever (541) being arranged in an opposite direction to the rear lever (542), the front lever (541) being fixedly mounted on a front traction shaft (526), ​​the rear lever (542) being fixedly mounted on a rear traction shaft (527), a front bracket (543) matching the front lever (541) being fixedly mounted on the front end of the slide (531), and a rear bracket (544) matching the rear lever (542) being fixedly mounted on the rear end of the slide (531).

5. The pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The hole head limiting assembly (54) comprises a cam (545) having an irregular outer contour, the outer contour of the cam (545) being adapted to the front and rear sliding track of the slide (531), the cam (545) being fixedly mounted on the front traction shaft (526) or the rear traction shaft (527), a compression spring (546) being installed between the slide (531) and the rear end of the horizontal frame (51), a push frame (547) being fixed at the rear end of the slide (531), a wear-resistant bearing (548) being rotatably mounted on the push frame (547), and a side surface of the wear-resistant bearing (548) being pressed against the outer contour of the cam (545).

6. A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine according to claim 4 or 5, It is characterized in that The seedling throwing mechanism (6) comprises a support frame (61) fixed to the rear end of the frame (1); a seedling throwing turntable (62) is rotatably mounted on the top of the support frame (61); a plurality of seedling tubes (63) arranged in a ring shape are penetrated through the seedling throwing turntable (62); a seedling throwing frame (64) is fixed to the slide frame (531); each seedling throwing frame (64) is provided with a seedling dropping opening (65); the seedling dropping opening (65) is connected to the support frame (61) through a seedling throwing hose (66); and the inlet end of the seedling throwing hose (66) is connected to the seedling tube (63) on the seedling throwing turntable (62).

7. A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The transmission device (4) comprises a transmission main shaft (41) rotatably mounted on the frame (1); the two traveling wheels (2) drive the transmission main shaft (41) to rotate via a first transmission assembly (42); the transmission main shaft (41) drives a front crank (521) to rotate via a second transmission assembly (43); the front crank (521) drives a rear crank (522) to rotate via a third transmission assembly (44); and the rear crank (522) drives a seedling casting turntable (62) to rotate via a fourth transmission assembly (45).

8. A pit-type zero-speed hole-drilling and transplanting machine according to claim 7, It is characterized in that A suspension frame (11) is transversely fixed to the front end of the frame (1), depth adjusters (12) are provided between the two ends of the suspension frame (11) and the corresponding travel wheels (2), and a seat (13) is provided on the rear side of each seedling casting turntable (62), and the seat (13) is fixed to the frame (1).

9. A method for forming a pit, based on the pit-type zero-speed pit-forming and transplanting machine described in claims 1 to 8. It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1, hole-drilling depth adjustment: using a depth regulator (12) to adjust the hole-drilling depth of the zero-speed transplanting device; S2, digging a well pit: using a double crank floating hole digging mechanism (5) to dig a vertical well pit on the soil ridge; S3, manual seedling placement: a worker sits on a chair (13) and places the seedlings in the plug tray into each seedling tube (63) of the seedling placement turntable (62); S4, automatic transplanting: The double crank assembly (52) drives the seedling casting turntable (62) to rotate, so that the seedling tubes (63) are connected to the seedling casting hoses (66) one by one, and at the same time, the seedling drop port (65) moves together with the carriage (531) to accurately transplant the seedlings in the plug tray into each well cellar hole.

10. A method for forming a well pit according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The specific steps of digging a well pit in the above step S2 are as follows: S201, the acupuncture motor (532) drives the well acupuncture head (533) to rotate at high speed; S202, the transmission device (4) drives the double crank assembly (52) to move, driving the horizontal frame (51) to continuously reciprocate and ascend, and the horizontal frame (51) descends and drives the high-speed rotating well head (533) to enter the soil to perform a hole-drilling operation; S203, after the well hole head (533) is sunk into the soil, the slide frame (531) slides backward along the horizontal frame (51) under the action of soil resistance or the compression spring (546), so that the well hole head (533) and the soil remain stationary in front and back, thereby achieving zero-speed well hole drilling; S205, the horizontal frame (51) lifts the well pit hole head (533) until the well pit hole head (533) is separated from the soil ridge, and the hole head limiting assembly (54) pushes the slide frame (531) to continue to move backward, so as to ensure that the well pit hole head (533) and the soil are stationary in front and behind; S206: After the well pit hole head (533) is separated from the soil ridge, the hole head limiting assembly (54) pushes the slide frame (531) to move forward and reset to prepare for the next round of hole drilling operation.

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