This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas drilling and cementing technology, and relates to a magnetic self-healing
composite material for micro-gap
cement sheath interface and its directional migration and
repair method. The magnetic self-healing
composite material is a core-shell structured composite magnetic
microsphere, consisting of, from the inside out, a core, an intermediate
transition layer covering the core surface, an outer shell covering the intermediate
transition layer surface, and a biodegradable protective film covering the outer shell surface. The core is composed of magnetic particles, the intermediate
transition layer is composed of a
coupling agent, and the outer shell is composed of self-healing material. The magnetic self-healing
composite material is incorporated into
cement slurry. During cementing, a strongly magnetic device capable of axial movement is simultaneously placed inside the casing cavity. The
magnetic field drives the magnetic self-healing composite material to migrate directionally towards the outer wall of the casing and preferentially accumulates at the casing-
cement sheath interface, forming a self-accumulating layer. When micro-gap occurs at the interface and
formation fluid flows through it, the magnetic self-healing composite material expands upon contact with the flowing fluid, automatically sealing the micro-gap and achieving online self-repair of the
cement sheath interface. This invention uses active
magnetic field control to precisely deliver magnetic self-healing composite materials to the weakest interface of the cementing process, fundamentally solving the problem of
wellbore sealing integrity failure caused by micro-gap at the cementing interface, and significantly improving cementing quality and the long-term safe production life of oil and gas wells.