A Chinese medicinal composition for treating alopecia and leukotrichia contains thirty Chinese traditional medicines such as fineleaf schizonepeta herb, divaricate saposhnikovia root, ginger, rehmannia root, tree peony bark, red peony root, kuhseng, densefruit pittany root-bark, tuckahoe, oriental waterplantain tuber, belvedere fruit, danshen root, ginseng, safflower, jujube, fleece-flower root, mulberry fruit, angelica, drynaria, desertliving cistanche, prepared rehmannia root, solomonseal rhizome, eucommia, black sesame seed, black soyhean, chinese caterpillar fungus, forest frog oviduct, etc. Oral administration in combination with external application of the composition is adopted so that medicine factor directly acts on dermal layer of scalp for activating hair follicle cell regeneration, adjusting sebum secretion, improving scalp metabolism, supplementing nutrition required by hair, holding hair, blackening hair and caring hair.