Frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a frozen rice seedling raising substrate disc and a preparation method thereof. The frozen rice seedling raising substrate disc is prepared from 50%-95% of soil, 4.9%-49.9% of organic matter and 0.1% of bactericide and trace elements. The preparation method comprises the following steps: processing prepared soil by using a crusher, heating the processed soil in a converter so as to kill infectious microbes and grass seeds, putting the processed organic matters, the bactericide and the trace elements in the converter, uniformly stirring the materials, and putting the materials in a matrix material distributor; the method comprises the following steps: placing disposable plastic seedling trays special for rice on a directional conveyor, conveying the disposable plastic seedling trays to an opening of a fertilizer distributor for receiving a fertilizer, uniformly sowing the fertilizer at the bottom of each seedling tray, then continuously conveying the seedling trays receiving the fertilizer to a matrix material distributor, and distributing a matrix material in the seedling trays; continuously conveying the seedling tray filled with the matrix material to a position below the spraying equipment and thoroughly watering the seedling tray; and freezing and storing. The method can solve the contradiction of labor shortage, is labor-saving, time-saving and labor-saving, is scientific and reasonable in matrix formula, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, and in particular to a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country's dryland rice sparse planting technology was first introduced from Japan by Heilongjiang Province in the early 1980s. For more than 30 years, rice seedling cultivation has been a cumbersome and stressful process. From mid-March to early April every year, rice farmers have to go through more than a dozen processes, including taking soil, buying soil, pulverizing soil, sieving soil, buying seedling trays, placing seedling trays, buying seedling growth agents, mixing seedling growth agents, and loading trays. Since all operations are done manually, it is difficult to achieve scientific and reasonable results and grow good seedlings. Even today when technology and machinery are highly developed, there is still no ideal terminal product for rice seedling cultivation substrates.

[0003] After more than ten years of repeated research and experiments, we have developed a frozen rice seedling substrate tray. Rice farmers do not need to buy materials and assemble the trays themselves. Rice farmers can produce and freeze the trays for nearly 100 days from the beginning of winter to March of the following year. As long as the frozen substrate trays are placed in the seedling greenhouse, seeds can be directly planted at the right time. It not only saves labor, time and effort, but also solves the contradiction of tight labor. Since the product is industrially produced and the substrate formula is scientific and reasonable, rice farmers will definitely grow very good rice seedlings if there are no problems in the management of the seedling greenhouse. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray and a preparation method thereof, which can solve the contradiction of tight labor, save labor, time and effort, and the substrate formula is scientific and reasonable and suitable for industrial production.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray substrate, the formula of which is: Soil 50%-95%, organic matter 4.9%-49.9%, fungicide and trace elements 0.1%.

[0006] The bactericide and trace elements are in a weight ratio of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane:pure zinc:ferrous sulfate=0.2:1:1.

[0007] The organic matter is fermented pig manure, chicken manure, and corn stalk powder.

[0008] The processing process of the fermented corn stalk powder is as follows: add three kilograms of urea per ton of corn stalk powder, water it to a moisture content of about 70%, cover it with plastic sheeting for more than ten days in summer, and then dry and crush it.

[0009] The fertilizer dosage is 0.5g of single-layer film slow-release urea, 2g of pure nitrogen, 2g of pure phosphorus, 2g of pure potassium, and 7.5g of biological fertilizer per kilogram of soil.

[0010] A method for preparing a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray substrate is as follows: (1) Process the prepared soil with a crusher, mainly to crush some of the soil that may be in a lump, and then screen it with a roller screen. Put the screened soil into a 15-ton converter with a forklift or a conveyor. Close the converter door and heat the converter. When the converter temperature reaches above 100°C, stop heating and do not open the furnace door. Stew for more than 60 minutes to eliminate bacteria and grass seeds; (2) When the temperature in the furnace reaches a safe temperature, open the converter door and test the pH value of the soil in the furnace. If the pH value of the soil is greater than 6.5, acid adjustment is required. Dilute industrial sulfuric acid with 500g of water at a ratio of 3ml per 2kg of soil, and add it to the soil in the furnace to adjust the pH value of the soil to between 5.5-6.5; (3) Put the fermented corn stalk powder, dimethoate, pure zinc fertilizer, and ferrous sulfate into the converter, start the converter and stir them thoroughly to make them uniform; take out the stirred converter soil and put it into the matrix material distributor; (4) Place disposable rice-specific plastic seedling trays with a width of 28 cm, a length of 58 cm, and a height of 1.8 cm on a directional conveyor at a certain interval ratio, and transport the seedling trays to the fertilizer distributor to load fertilizer; (5) According to the formula, the single-layer slow-release urea, pure nitrogen fertilizer, pure phosphorus fertilizer, pure potassium fertilizer, and biological fertilizer are fully mixed and evenly placed in the fertilizer spreader. When the seedling tray passes through the spreading port, the fertilizer spreader evenly sows the fertilizer on the bottom of each seedling tray. Then, the seedling tray loaded with fertilizer is continuously transported to the substrate material spreader and placed under the substrate material spreader port. (6) Place the mixed substrate material in the seedling tray at a ratio of 2 kg per seedling tray and spread it using a machine; (7) The seedling trays filled with substrate materials are continued to be conveyed under the spraying equipment. Each seedling tray is watered thoroughly with about 700 ml of ordinary water. (8) Remove the watered seedling trays. In the Northeast region, they can be placed outdoors in winter. In non-Northeast regions, they need to be sent to freezing equipment for freezing. After a few minutes, the frozen substrate trays are packaged and transported to a cold storage for storage.

[0011] The present invention has the following advantages: First, traditional seedling cultivation requires the use of seedling-strengthening agents, which require soil. You need to obtain soil, buy soil, and sieve the soil. You need to put 20 kilograms of seedling-strengthening agents into more than 1,500 kilograms of soil, and stir it manually for at least three times. It is also very difficult to mix evenly, which shows how labor-intensive it is. Second, all seedling-strengthening agents use low-concentration amine powder fertilizers. The total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in each seedling tray is difficult to exceed 5 grams. If too much is used, the seedlings will have problems. Therefore, the rice seedlings need to be sprayed with amine fertilizer (weaning fertilizer) once when they have one leaf and one heart, and urea fertilizer (tillering fertilizer) can be applied when they have two leaves and one heart. Grafting fertilizer should be applied before transplanting. This product contains more than 20 grams of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per tray, which is more than 5 times the content of seedling-strengthening agents, and slow-release fertilizer is added, so there is no need to spray weaning fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and grafting fertilizer, and they can be transplanted directly; 3. In rice seedling cultivation, damping-off disease is a major enemy and the key to the success of seedling cultivation. It is difficult to keep the seedbed free of weeds. If there are weeds, herbicides must be used, and herbicides will hurt the seedlings. This product kills the weed seeds at the same time of high-temperature physical disinfection and sterilization. Both physical disinfection and drug control provide double insurance for damping-off disease prevention and control. No herbicides are used, and the seedlings will not be hurt, so good seedlings will definitely be grown; Fourth, traditional rice seedling production must wait for the weather to warm up and thaw before production can begin. This time is very short, and it is difficult to hire workers, and the wages are high, which is difficult for rice farmers to bear. With this product, rice farmers can place the frozen rice seedling substrate trays at any time during the slack season before thawing, ensuring timely rice seedling cultivation without delaying the farming season; 5. Industrialized products have guaranteed quality and low cost. They are a major technological innovation revolution in rice seedling production and a major step towards agricultural modernization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiment 1

[0012] The present invention discloses a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray substrate, the formula of which is: Soil 95%, fermented corn straw powder 4.9%, fungicide and trace elements 0.1%.

[0013] The bactericide and trace elements are in the ratio of 0.2:1:1 of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane:pure zinc:ferrous sulfate.

[0014] The processing process of the fermented corn stalk powder is as follows: add three kilograms of urea per ton of stalk powder, water it until the moisture content is about 70%, cover it with plastic sheeting for more than ten days in summer, and then dry and crush it.

[0015] The fertilizer dosage is 0.5g of single-layer film slow-release urea, 2g of pure nitrogen, 2g of pure phosphorus, 2g of pure potassium, and 7.5g of biological fertilizer per kilogram of soil.

[0016] The method for preparing a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray matrix of the present invention is as follows: (1) Process the prepared soil with a crusher, mainly to crush some of the soil that may be in blocks, and then screen it with a roller screen. Take 14,250 kg of the soil screened by the roller screen and put it into a 15-ton converter with a forklift or conveyor. Close the converter door and heat the converter. When the converter temperature reaches above 100°C, stop heating and do not open the furnace door. Stew for more than 60 minutes to eliminate bacteria and grass seeds; (2) When the temperature in the furnace reaches a safe temperature, open the converter door and test the pH value of the soil in the furnace. If the pH value of the soil is greater than 6.5, acid adjustment is required. Dilute industrial sulfuric acid with 500g of water at a ratio of 3ml per 2kg of soil, and add it to the soil in the furnace to adjust the pH value of the soil to between 5.5-6.5; (3) 735 kg of fermented corn stalk powder, 1.36 kg of dixon, 6.82 kg of pure zinc fertilizer, and 6.82 kg of ferrous sulfate are placed in a converter, and the converter is started to fully stir to make it uniform, totaling 15,000 kg; the stirred converter soil is taken out and placed in a matrix material distributor; (4) Place disposable rice-specific plastic seedling trays with a width of 28 cm, a length of 58 cm, and a height of 1.8 cm on a directional conveyor at a certain interval ratio, and transport the seedling trays to the fertilizer distributor to load fertilizer; (5) 7.125 kg of single-layer slow-release urea, 28.5 kg of pure nitrogen fertilizer, 28.5 kg of pure phosphorus fertilizer, 28.5 kg of pure potassium fertilizer, and 106.875 kg of biological fertilizer, totaling 199.5 kg, were fully mixed and put into the fertilizer spreader. When the seedling trays passed through the spreading port of the fertilizer spreader, they were evenly sown at the bottom of each seedling tray, totaling 7,500 trays. Then, the seedling trays loaded with fertilizers were transported to the substrate material spreader and placed under the substrate material spreader port; (6) Place the mixed substrate material in the seedling tray at a ratio of 2 kg per seedling tray and spread it flat using a machine; (7) The seedling trays filled with substrate materials are continued to be conveyed under the spraying equipment. Each seedling tray is watered thoroughly with about 700 ml of ordinary water. (8) Remove the watered seedling trays. In the Northeast region, they can be placed outdoors in winter. In non-Northeast regions, they need to be sent to freezing equipment for freezing. After a few minutes, the frozen substrate trays are packaged and transported to a cold storage for storage. Embodiment 2

[0017] The present invention discloses a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray substrate, the formula of which is: Soil 50%, corn straw powder 19.9%, fermented pig manure and chicken manure 30%, fungicide and trace elements 0.1%.

[0018] The bactericide and trace elements are in the ratio of 0.2:1:1 of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane:pure zinc:ferrous sulfate.

[0019] The processing process of the fermented corn stalk powder is as follows: add three kilograms of urea per ton of stalk powder, water it to a moisture content of about 70%, cover it with plastic sheeting for more than ten days in summer, and then dry and crush it.

[0020] The fertilizer dosage is 0.5g of single-layer film slow-release urea, 2g of pure nitrogen, 2g of pure phosphorus, 2g of pure potassium, and 7.5g of biological fertilizer per kilogram of soil.

[0021] The method for preparing a frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray matrix of the present invention is as follows: (1) Prepare the soil for raising seedlings. After screening by a soil powder machine and a roller screen, if it meets the use standard, take 7,500 kg and put it into the converter. Close the converter door and heat the converter. When the converter temperature reaches above 100°C, stop heating and do not open the furnace door. Stew for more than 60 minutes to eliminate bacteria and grass seeds. (2) When the temperature in the furnace reaches a safe temperature, open the converter door and test the pH value of the soil in the furnace. If the pH value of the soil is greater than 6.5, acid adjustment is required. Dilute industrial sulfuric acid with 500g of water at a ratio of 3ml per 2kg of soil, and add it to the soil in the furnace to adjust the pH value of the soil to between 5.5-6.5; (3) Put 2,985 kg of fermented straw powder, 4,500 kg of fermented pig and chicken manure, 1.36 kg of dixon, 6.82 kg of pure zinc fertilizer, and 6.82 kg of ferrous sulfate into the converter, start the converter and stir it thoroughly to make it uniform, a total of 15,000 kg; take out the stirred converter soil and put it into the matrix material distributor; (4) Place disposable rice-specific plastic seedling trays with a width of 28 cm, a length of 58 cm, and a height of 1.8 cm on a directional conveyor at a certain interval ratio, and transport the seedling trays to the fertilizer distributor to load fertilizer; (5) 7.125 kg of single-layer slow-release urea, 28.5 kg of pure nitrogen fertilizer, 28.5 kg of pure phosphorus fertilizer, 28.5 kg of pure potassium fertilizer, and 106.875 kg of biological fertilizer were fully mixed and put into the fertilizer spreader. When the seedling trays passed through the spreading port of the fertilizer spreader, they were evenly sown at the bottom of each seedling tray, for a total of 7,500 trays. Then, the seedling trays loaded with fertilizers were transported to the substrate material spreader and placed under the substrate material spreader port. (6) Place the mixed substrate material in the seedling tray at a ratio of 2 kg per seedling tray and spread it flat using a machine; (7) The seedling trays filled with substrate materials are continued to be conveyed under the spraying equipment. Each seedling tray is watered thoroughly with about 700 ml of ordinary water. (8) Remove the watered seedling trays. In the Northeast region, they can be placed outdoors in winter for freezing. In areas other than the Northeast, they need to be sent to freezing equipment for freezing. After a few minutes, the frozen substrate trays are packaged and transported to a cold storage for storage.

[0022] The tools and machines used are currently available: 1. Converter used: each with a capacity of more than 15 tons, used for heating and stirring, eliminating bacteria and grass seeds, increasing production and reducing costs; 2. Seedling tray: disposable rice seedling tray, 58 cm long, 28 cm wide, 1.8 cm high; 3. Directional flow conveyor: place the seedling tray on it; 4. Distributor: used to add substrate or fertilizer to the seedling trays on the production line; 5. Spraying equipment: humidify the seedling tray filled with raw materials; 6. Soil pulverizer, roller screen, loading and transportation equipment; 7. Storage cold storage: used to store produced products.

[0023] Any modifications, increases or decreases in dosage, methods of administration, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray substrate, Features: The matrix formula is: soil 50%-95%, organic matter 4.9%-49.9%, fungicide and trace elements 0.1%; The bactericide and trace elements are in the ratio of 0.2:1:1 of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane:pure zinc:ferrous sulfate; The organic matter is fermented pig manure, chicken manure, and corn stalk powder; The processing process of the fermented corn stalk powder is as follows: add three pounds of urea per ton of stalk powder, water it to a moisture content of about 70%, cover it with plastic sheeting for fermentation for more than ten days in summer, and dry and crush it; The fertilizer dosage is 0.5g of single-layer film slow-release urea, 2g of pure nitrogen, 2g of pure phosphorus, 2g of pure potassium, and 7.5g of biological fertilizer per kilogram of soil.

2. A method for preparing the frozen rice seedling raising substrate tray matrix according to claim 1, Features: (1) Process the prepared soil with a crusher, mainly to crush some of the soil that may be in a lump, and then screen it with a roller screen. Put the screened soil into a 15-ton converter with a forklift or a conveyor. Close the converter door and heat the converter. When the converter temperature reaches above 100°C, stop heating and do not open the furnace door. Stew for more than 60 minutes to eliminate bacteria and grass seeds; (2) When the temperature in the furnace reaches a safe temperature, open the converter door and test the pH value of the soil in the furnace. If the pH value of the soil is greater than 6.5, acid adjustment is required. Dilute industrial sulfuric acid with 500g of water at a ratio of 3ml per 2kg of soil, and add it to the soil in the furnace to adjust the pH value of the soil to between 5.5-6.5; (3) Put the fermented corn stalk powder, dimethoate, pure zinc fertilizer, and ferrous sulfate into the converter, start the converter and stir them thoroughly to make them uniform; take out the stirred converter soil and put it into the matrix material distributor; (4) Place disposable rice-specific plastic seedling trays with a width of 28 cm, a length of 58 cm, and a height of 1.8 cm on a directional conveyor at a certain interval ratio, and transport the seedling trays to the fertilizer distributor to load fertilizer; (5) According to the formula, the single-layer slow-release urea, pure nitrogen fertilizer, pure phosphorus fertilizer, pure potassium fertilizer, and biological fertilizer are fully mixed and evenly placed in the fertilizer spreader. When the seedling tray passes through the spreading port, the fertilizer spreader evenly sows the fertilizer on the bottom of each seedling tray. Then, the seedling tray loaded with fertilizer is continuously transported to the substrate material spreader and placed under the substrate material spreader port. (6) Place the mixed substrate material in the seedling tray at a ratio of 2 kg per seedling tray and spread it using a machine; (7) The seedling trays filled with substrate materials are continued to be conveyed under the spraying equipment. Each seedling tray is watered thoroughly with about 700 ml of ordinary water. (8) Remove the watered seedling trays. In the Northeast region, they can be placed outdoors in winter. In non-Northeast regions, they need to be sent to freezing equipment for freezing. After a few minutes, the frozen substrate trays are packaged and transported to a cold storage for storage.