A superplastic forming equipment and process for aluminum alloy materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of material forming, and in particular to a superplastic forming device and process for aluminum alloy materials; comprising a bottom plate, an extrusion device is installed at the upper end of the bottom plate; the extrusion device includes a plurality of evenly distributed first hydraulic push rods; and further comprising a lower die device, the lower die device is provided with a plurality of and evenly connected to the bottom plate, the lower die device includes a rectangular plate installed at the upper end of the bottom plate, and the left and right ends of the rectangular plate are slidably connected with rectangular slide bars. The lower die device and the upper die device used in the present invention are both provided with a plurality of, and the plurality of lower die devices and the upper die devices can work at the same time, which effectively improves the efficiency of forming a plurality of aluminum alloy plates, and the plurality of lower die devices and the upper die devices can form aluminum alloy plates of various sizes in one processing process, which effectively improves the flexibility of the forming equipment and reduces the cost of manufacturing different molds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material forming, and in particular to a superplastic forming device and process for aluminum alloy materials. Background Art

[0002] Superplastic forming technology of aluminum alloy sheets refers to the use of superplastic aluminum alloy metal materials under specific temperature and strain rate conditions to show ultra-high elongation and non-fracture superplasticity, and to use superplastic aluminum alloy metal sheets as the formed blanks to realize forming processing in the mold cavity to obtain various required shape parts, such as concave state.

[0003] At present, there are three superplastic forming technologies for aluminum alloy sheets: vacuum forming, hydraulic forming, and mechanical forming. Among them, the hydraulic forming technology has the fastest forming speed and the widest application range. In the existing hydraulic superplastic forming method of aluminum alloy sheets, the aluminum alloy sheet will first be heated to its superplastic temperature range, and then the corresponding mold will be prepared according to the design requirements of the required manufactured parts. Then, the preheated aluminum alloy plate is placed on or inside the mold, and then the mold is extruded by a hydraulic machine to make the aluminum alloy sheet fit the mold surface, thereby achieving the desired shape change. However, the existing mold can only form a structure of one shape and cannot adjust itself. If multiple shapes are formed, multiple molds need to be made, which increases the cost of mold opening, and only one shape can be formed each time, reducing the flexibility of the forming equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an aluminum alloy superplastic forming device and process, aiming to solve the problems caused by the prior art when superplastic forming aluminum alloy materials.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the goal: a superplastic forming device for aluminum alloy materials, comprising a base plate, and an extrusion device is installed on the upper end of the base plate.

[0006] The extrusion device includes a plurality of evenly distributed first hydraulic push rods.

[0007] It also includes a lower mold device, which is provided with multiple and evenly connected to the base plate, and the lower mold device includes a rectangular plate installed on the upper end of the base plate, the left and right ends of the rectangular plate are slidably connected with rectangular slide bars, the end of the rectangular slide bar away from the rectangular plate is fixedly connected with a first Z-shaped plate, a plurality of compensation bars evenly distributed and plugged into the rectangular slide bar are provided between the lower horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate and the rectangular plate, a first angle adjustment mechanism is connected to the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate, a lifting mechanism is connected to the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate, and a distance adjustment mechanism is connected to the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate.

[0008] It also includes an upper mold device, which is provided with multiple upper mold devices and is respectively connected to the corresponding lower ends of the first hydraulic push rods. The upper mold device includes a T-plate installed at the lower end of the first hydraulic push rod, a lower pressure plate is installed at the lower end of the T-plate, an adjustment mechanism is symmetrically connected to the upper end of the lower pressure plate, a second Z-plate is connected to the adjustment mechanism, a second angle adjustment mechanism is connected to the middle section of the second Z-plate, and a clamping plate with a T-shaped structure is slidably connected to the upper horizontal section of the second Z-plate.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion device also includes two second hydraulic push rods symmetrically installed on the upper end of the base plate, and a lifting plate is commonly installed on the upper ends of the two second hydraulic push rods, and the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the fixed sections of the plurality of first hydraulic push rods.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first angle adjustment mechanism includes a clamping frame with a U-shaped structure and an open end installed on the opposite end of the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate, an L-shaped slide is inserted in the clamping frame, and a triangular plate located at the opposite end of the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate is detachably installed at the end of the transverse section of the L-shaped slide, and the triangular plate is provided with different specifications.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes two lifting rods which are symmetrically distributed front and back and slidably connected to the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate. A waist plate is commonly installed at the lower ends of the two lifting rods. Two connecting springs are symmetrically installed between the upper end of the waist plate and the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate. A limit plate located above the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate is commonly installed at the upper ends of the two lifting rods. A limit branch chain is connected to the limit plate.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance adjustment mechanism includes a positioning plate installed at the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate, the lower end of the positioning plate is in contact with the bottom plate, and a plurality of evenly distributed plug-in slots are provided at the upper end of the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the positioning plate, and a plug-in plate is plugged into any one of the plug-in slots.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper mold device also includes two connecting grooves opened at the left and right ends of the horizontal section of the T-shaped plate, and a reinforcing plate is slidably connected in the connecting groove, and the end of the reinforcing plate away from the connecting groove is fixedly connected to the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism includes two fixed plates symmetrically installed on the upper end of the lower pressure plate front and back, a positioning strip is installed on the end of the fixed plate away from the vertical section of the T-shaped plate, a rectangular frame is slidably sleeved on the positioning strip, the lower end of the rectangular frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower horizontal section of the second Z-shaped plate, a plurality of evenly distributed positioning holes are opened on the positioning strip, a cylindrical rod is commonly inserted into the front and rear rectangular frames, the cylindrical rod is simultaneously inserted and matched with the corresponding positioning holes on the front and rear positioning strips, a plurality of evenly distributed U-shaped plates located between the fixed plate and the rectangular frame are commonly inserted into the front and rear positioning strips.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the limiting branch chain includes a strip plate installed at the lower end of the limiting plate, and two sliding rail columns symmetrically distributed front and rear are installed at one end of the strip plate away from the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate. A movable plate is slidably connected to the two sliding rail columns, and a return spring is installed between the movable plate and the strip plate. A U-shaped frame with an opening facing the limiting plate is installed at the upper end of the movable plate.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the second angle adjustment mechanism is the same as that of the first angle adjustment mechanism, the clamping frame in the second angle adjustment mechanism is installed at the opposite end of the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate, and the triangular plate in the second angle adjustment mechanism is located at the opposite end of the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate.

[0017] In addition, the present invention also provides a process for superplastic forming of aluminum alloy materials, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: moving a plurality of selected aluminum alloy plates that need to be superplastic formed and preheated to a working position.

[0018] S2: Slide the corresponding first Z-shaped plate in sequence according to the length of the aluminum alloy plate, and then position it through the distance adjustment mechanism, then plug the corresponding number of compensation strips into the rectangular slide bar, and then plug the corresponding first angle adjustment mechanism into the first Z-shaped plate.

[0019] S3: adjusting the distance between the two corresponding second Z-shaped plates by the adjusting mechanism in turn according to the length of the aluminum alloy plate, and then plugging the corresponding second angle adjustment mechanism into the second Z-shaped plate.

[0020] S4: Place multiple aluminum alloy sheets to be formed on multiple lifting mechanisms in sequence, and then use the extrusion device to drive the corresponding T-plate, the corresponding lower pressure plate and the corresponding second Z-plate to descend and press down the multiple aluminum alloy sheets at the same time, until the lower end of the lower pressure plate drives the aluminum alloy sheet to move to the upper end of the rectangular plate, and the aluminum alloy sheet in a straight state is formed into a concave state.

[0021] S5: The extrusion device drives the corresponding T-plate, the corresponding lower pressing plate and the corresponding second Z-plate to rise and reset, and then the superplastic formed aluminum alloy sheet is taken out from the multiple lifting mechanisms, and the forming is completed.

[0022] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial effects: 1. The lower mold device and the upper mold device used in the present invention can be adjusted accordingly within a certain range according to the shape of the required aluminum alloy plate to be formed, thereby realizing targeted superplastic forming operations, thereby improving the applicability of the forming equipment and increasing the flexibility of use of the forming equipment.

[0023] 2. The present invention adopts multiple lower mold devices and upper mold devices, and the multiple lower mold devices and upper mold devices can work simultaneously, which effectively improves the efficiency of forming multiple aluminum alloy plates, and the multiple lower mold devices and upper mold devices can form aluminum alloy plates of various sizes in one processing process, which effectively improves the flexibility of the forming equipment and reduces the cost of manufacturing different molds.

[0024] 3. The jacking mechanism adopted in the present invention can center the aluminum alloy sheet before forming, and cooperate with the clamping plate to effectively prevent the aluminum alloy sheet from bending on both sides due to force, thereby avoiding the problem of asymmetry of the aluminum alloy sheet after forming, ensuring the forming effect of the aluminum alloy sheet; after the aluminum alloy sheet is formed, the jacking mechanism can also push out the formed aluminum alloy sheet to facilitate the operator to take it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the second viewing angle stereoscopic structure of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 3 A front view of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 4 A left side view of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 5 Shows Figure 3 Sectional view of AA.

[0031] Figure 6 Shows Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of BB.

[0032] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 Magnified view of the middle N region.

[0033] Figure 8 Shows Figure 6 Magnified view of the X area in the middle.

[0034] Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the structure of the lower mold device and part of the bottom plate of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Fig.10 The schematic diagram of the structure of the upper die device and part of the extrusion device of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Fig.11 The diagram shows the process change of processing a straight aluminum alloy sheet into a concave aluminum alloy sheet.

[0037] The above drawings include the following reference numerals: 1, bottom plate; 2, extrusion device; 21, first hydraulic push rod; 22, second hydraulic push rod; 23, lifting plate; 3, lower die device; 31, rectangular plate; 32, rectangular slide bar; 33, first Z-type plate; 34, compensation bar; 35, first angle adjustment mechanism; 351, clamping frame; 352, L-type slide plate; 353, triangle plate; 36, lifting mechanism; 361, lifting rod; 362, waist plate; 363, connecting spring; 364, limit plate; 365, limit branch chain; 3651, strip plate ; 3652, slide rail column; 3653, movable plate; 3654, return spring; 3655, U-shaped frame; 37, distance adjustment mechanism; 371, positioning plate; 372, plug-in slot; 373, plug-in plate; 4, upper mold device; 41, T-shaped plate; 42, lower pressure plate; 43, adjustment mechanism; 431, fixed plate; 432, positioning strip; 433, rectangular frame; 434, positioning hole; 435, cylindrical rod; 436, U-shaped plate; 44, second Z-shaped plate; 45, second angle adjustment mechanism; 46, clamping plate; 47, connecting slot; 48, reinforcing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , a superplastic forming device for aluminum alloy material, comprising a base plate 1, and an extrusion device 2 is installed on the upper end of the base plate 1.

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 7and Fig. 9 The aluminum alloy material superplastic forming equipment also includes a lower mold device 3, which is provided with multiple and evenly connected to the base plate 1. The lower mold device 3 includes a rectangular plate 31 installed on the upper end of the base plate 1, and the left and right ends of the rectangular plate 31 are slidably connected with rectangular slide bars 32. The end of the rectangular slide bar 32 away from the rectangular plate 31 is fixedly connected with a first Z-shaped plate 33, and a plurality of compensation bars 34 evenly distributed and plugged into the rectangular slide bar 32 are provided between the lower horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33 and the rectangular plate 31.

[0041] During specific operation, the first Z-shaped plate 33 and the rectangular plate 31 are both provided with existing heating components, and the bottom plate 1 is fixed in the working position. The bottom plate 1 drives multiple lower mold devices 3 to move to the working position, and then the two first Z-shaped plates 33 on both sides of the same rectangular plate 31 are slid respectively according to the required length of the aluminum alloy plate to be superplastically formed. The first Z-shaped plate 33 slides in the corresponding rectangular plate 31 through the rectangular slide bar 32, and then the corresponding number of compensation strips 34 are placed in the space between the lower horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33 and the rectangular plate 31, and at the same time, the corresponding number of compensation strips 34 are plugged into the rectangular slide bar 32 to ensure that a complete plane is formed between the lower horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33 and the rectangular plate 31 without a gap.

[0042] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9 The lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33 is connected to a distance adjustment mechanism 37, and the distance adjustment mechanism 37 includes a positioning plate 371 installed at the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33, and the lower end of the positioning plate 371 is in contact with the bottom plate 1. A plurality of evenly distributed plug-in slots 372 are provided at the upper end of the bottom plate 1 corresponding to the position of the positioning plate 371, and a plug-in plate 373 is plugged into any one of the plug-in slots 372.

[0043] During specific operation, the first Z-shaped plate 33 simultaneously drives the positioning plate 371 to slide on the upper end of the base plate 1 when moving. When the first Z-shaped plate 33 moves to the desired position, the plug-in plate 373 is plugged into the corresponding plug-in slot 372. At this time, the plug-in plate 373 is on the side of the positioning plate 371 away from the first Z-shaped plate 33, thereby realizing the function of limiting the first Z-shaped plate 33.

[0044] See also Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9A first angle adjustment mechanism 35 is connected to the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate 33. The first angle adjustment mechanism 35 includes a clamping frame 351 with a U-shaped structure and an open end installed at the opposite end of the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate 33. An L-shaped slide plate 352 is inserted in the clamping frame 351. A triangular plate 353 located at the opposite end of the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate 33 is detachably installed at the end of the lateral section of the L-shaped slide plate 352. The triangular plate 353 is provided with different specifications.

[0045] During specific operation, after the first Z-shaped plate 33 is limited, the corresponding triangular plate 353 is selected according to the shape of the aluminum alloy sheet required for superplastic forming, and the triangular plate 353 is detachably installed on the end of the transverse section of the L-shaped slide plate 352, and then the longitudinal section of the L-shaped slide plate 352 is inserted into the clamping frame 351, and the L-shaped slide plate 352 drives the triangular plate 353 to move to the opposite end of the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate 33, thereby changing the shape of the area formed between the two first Z-shaped plates 33 to match the shape required for forming of the aluminum alloy sheet.

[0046] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The extrusion device 2 includes a plurality of evenly distributed first hydraulic push rods 21 and two second hydraulic push rods 22 symmetrically installed on the upper end of the base plate 1. A lifting plate 23 is commonly installed on the upper ends of the two second hydraulic push rods 22, and the lifting plate 23 is fixedly connected to the fixed sections of the plurality of first hydraulic push rods 21.

[0047] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 The aluminum alloy material superplastic forming equipment also includes an upper mold device 4, which is provided with multiple upper mold devices 4 and respectively connected to the corresponding lower ends of the first hydraulic push rods 21. The upper mold device 4 includes a T-plate 41 installed at the lower end of the first hydraulic push rod 21, and a lower pressure plate 42 is installed at the lower end of the T-plate 41. The upper end of the lower pressure plate 42 is symmetrically connected with an adjustment mechanism 43, and the adjustment mechanism 43 is connected to a second Z-plate 44. A clamping plate 46 with a T-shaped structure is slidably penetrated on the upper horizontal section of the second Z-plate 44.

[0048] See also Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig.10The adjusting mechanism 43 includes two fixing plates 431 symmetrically installed on the upper end of the lower pressure plate 42, a positioning strip 432 is installed at one end of the fixing plate 431 away from the vertical section of the T-shaped plate 41, a rectangular frame 433 is slidably sleeved on the positioning strip 432, the lower end of the rectangular frame 433 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower horizontal section of the second Z-shaped plate 44, a plurality of evenly distributed positioning holes 434 are opened on the positioning strip 432, a cylindrical rod 435 is commonly inserted into the front and rear two rectangular frames 433, and the cylindrical rod 435 is simultaneously plugged into and matched with the corresponding positioning holes 434 on the front and rear two positioning strips 432, and a plurality of evenly distributed U-shaped plates 436 located between the fixing plate 431 and the rectangular frame 433 are commonly inserted into the front and rear two positioning strips 432.

[0049] During specific operation, the lower pressing plate 42 and the second Z-shaped plate 44 are both provided with existing heating components. After the first angle adjustment mechanism 35 is connected to the first Z-shaped plate 33, the two second Z-shaped plates 44 on both sides of the same lower pressing plate 42 are pulled respectively, and the second Z-shaped plates 44 drive the two rectangular frames 433 to slide on the two positioning strips 432. When the second Z-shaped plate 44 moves to the desired position, the cylindrical rod 435 is plugged into the two rectangular frames 433, and the cylindrical rod 435 is passed through the corresponding positioning holes 434 on the front and rear positioning strips 432, thereby achieving The function of limiting the second Z-shaped plate 44 is to then insert a corresponding number of U-shaped plates 436 onto the two positioning bars 432 and be located between the fixed plate 431 and the rectangular frame 433. At the same time, the lower end of the U-shaped plate 436 is flush with the lower horizontal section of the second Z-shaped plate 44 and the lower end of the lower pressure plate 42. Multiple lower mold devices 3 and upper mold devices 4 can be adjusted separately. A variety of aluminum alloy plates of different sizes can be formed in one processing process, which effectively improves the flexibility of the forming equipment and reduces the cost of manufacturing different molds.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9 A second angle adjustment mechanism 45 is connected to the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate 44. The structure of the second angle adjustment mechanism 45 is the same as that of the first angle adjustment mechanism 35. The clamping frame 351 in the second angle adjustment mechanism 45 is installed at the opposite end of the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate 44. The triangular plate 353 in the second angle adjustment mechanism 45 is located at the opposite end of the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate 44.

[0051] During specific operation, after the second Z-shaped plate 44 is limited, the corresponding second angle adjustment mechanism 45 is inserted into the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate 44, and the shape of the area formed by the outer sides of the two second Z-shaped plates 44 is changed by the two second angle adjustment mechanisms 45, so that it cooperates with the first angle adjustment mechanism 35.

[0052] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9 A lifting mechanism 36 is connected to the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33, and the lifting mechanism 36 includes two lifting rods 361 that are symmetrically distributed front and back and slide through and connected to the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33. A waist plate 362 is commonly installed at the lower ends of the two lifting rods 361. Two connecting springs 363 are symmetrically installed between the upper end of the waist plate 362 and the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33. A limiting plate 364 located above the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33 is commonly installed at the upper ends of the two lifting rods 361, and a limiting branch chain 365 is connected to the limiting plate 364.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9 The limiting branch chain 365 includes a strip plate 3651 installed at the lower end of the limiting plate 364, and two sliding rail columns 3652 symmetrically distributed front and rear are installed at one end of the strip plate 3651 away from the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33. A moving plate 3653 is slidably connected to the two sliding rail columns 3652, and a return spring 3654 is installed between the moving plate 3653 and the strip plate 3651. A U-shaped frame 3655 with an opening facing the limiting plate 364 is installed on the upper end of the moving plate 3653.

[0054] During specific operation, after the corresponding second angle adjustment mechanism 45 is inserted into the second Z-shaped plate 44, the selected multiple aluminum alloy plates are moved to the top of the rectangular plate 31 in turn, and then the corresponding two U-shaped frames 3655 are opened, and the U-shaped frames 3655 slide on the two slide rail columns 3652 through the moving plate 3653 and stretch the reset spring 3654, and then the preheated aluminum alloy plate is inserted between the corresponding two U-shaped frames 3655. The two U-shaped frames 3655 clamp and limit the aluminum alloy plate through two pairs of reset springs 3654 to ensure that the middle part of the aluminum alloy plate is directly below the lower pressure plate 42 during the subsequent superplastic forming, so as to avoid the lower pressure plate 42 from squeezing the non-middle position of the aluminum alloy plate, thereby avoiding the asymmetry of the formed aluminum alloy plate.

[0055] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10The upper mold device 4 also includes two connecting grooves 47 opened at the left and right ends of the horizontal section of the T-shaped plate 41, and a reinforcing plate 48 is slidably connected in the connecting groove 47. The end of the reinforcing plate 48 away from the connecting groove 47 is fixedly connected to the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate 44.

[0056] During specific operation, before operation, the second hydraulic push rod 22 and the first hydraulic push rod 21 are connected to an external hydraulic pump. After a plurality of aluminum alloy plates are limited by the corresponding two U-shaped frames 3655, the two second hydraulic push rods 22 are started. The two second hydraulic push rods 22 drive the lifting plates 23 to descend. The lifting plates 23 drive the plurality of first hydraulic push rods 21 to descend. The plurality of first hydraulic push rods 21 drive the plurality of lower pressure plates 42 to descend through the plurality of T-shaped plates 41. At the same time, the plurality of T-shaped plates 41 drive the corresponding reinforcing plates 48 to descend through the corresponding connecting grooves 47. The reinforcing plates 48 and the lower pressure plates 42 simultaneously drive the two second Z-shaped plates 44 to move downward. The two second Z-shaped plates 44 drive the two clamping plates 46 to move downward and press down the aluminum alloy plates. The aluminum alloy plates are subjected to force to press down the two limiting plates 364 until the limiting plates are reached. After the plate 364 moves to contact the upper end surface of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate 33, the second hydraulic push rod 22 stops working. At this time, the lifting plate 23 clamps and limits the clamping plate 46. The two clamping plates 46 further clamp and limit the two ends of the aluminum alloy plate. While the limiting plate 364 moves downward, the waist plate 362 is driven to move down through the two lifting rods 361. The waist plate 362 stretches the two connecting springs 363. Then, multiple first hydraulic push rods 21 are started. The first hydraulic push rod 21 drives the lower pressing plate 42 and the corresponding second Z-shaped plate 44 to move downward through the T-shaped plate 41 and push the aluminum alloy plate into the area formed by the corresponding two first Z-shaped plates 33. When the lower pressing plate 42 drives the aluminum alloy plate to move to the upper end of the rectangular plate 31, the aluminum alloy plate is superplasticly formed from a straight state to a concave state (such as Fig.11 As shown), the two second hydraulic push rods 22 are then started, and the two second hydraulic push rods 22 drive the lifting plate 23 to rise and reset, and the corresponding second Z-shaped plate 44 and the lower pressure plate 42 are separated from the formed aluminum alloy sheet, and the connecting spring 363 in the stretched state is reset and drives the limit plate 364 to rise, and the limit plate 364 drives the formed aluminum alloy sheet to be separated from the two first Z-shaped plates 33 and the rectangular plate 31, so that the operator can take out the formed aluminum alloy sheet, and then take out the formed aluminum alloy sheet and put the unprocessed aluminum alloy sheet into the work station, and repeat the previous forming steps until all the multiple aluminum alloy sheets to be processed are completed, and the work is completed.

[0057] See also Figure 1-Figure 11 In addition, the present invention also provides a process for superplastic forming of aluminum alloy materials, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: moving a plurality of selected aluminum alloy plates that need to be superplastic formed and preheated to a working position.

[0058] S2: Slide the corresponding first Z-shaped plate 33 in sequence according to the length of the aluminum alloy plate, and then position it through the distance adjustment mechanism 37, and then insert the corresponding number of compensation bars 34 on the rectangular slide bar 32, and then insert the corresponding first angle adjustment mechanism 35 on the first Z-shaped plate 33.

[0059] S3: adjusting the distance between the two corresponding second Z-shaped plates 44 in turn through the adjusting mechanism 43 according to the length of the aluminum alloy plate, and then plugging the corresponding second angle adjusting mechanism 45 onto the second Z-shaped plates 44 .

[0060] S4: Place multiple aluminum alloy sheets to be formed on multiple lifting mechanisms 36 in sequence, and then use the extrusion device 2 to drive the corresponding T-plate 41, the corresponding lower pressure plate 42 and the corresponding second Z-plate 44 to descend and press down the multiple aluminum alloy sheets at the same time, until the lower end of the lower pressure plate 42 drives the aluminum alloy sheet to move to the upper end of the rectangular plate 31, and the aluminum alloy sheet in a straight state is formed into a concave state.

[0061] S5: The extrusion device 2 drives the corresponding T-shaped plate 41, the corresponding lower pressing plate 42 and the corresponding second Z-shaped plate 44 to rise and reset, and then the superplastic formed aluminum alloy sheet is taken out from the multiple lifting mechanisms 36, and the forming is completed.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superplastic forming device for aluminum alloy material, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: An extrusion device (2) is installed at the upper end of the base plate (1), and the extrusion device (2) comprises a plurality of evenly distributed first hydraulic push rods (21); The lower mold device (3) is provided with a plurality of uniformly connected to the bottom plate (1); the lower mold device (3) comprises a rectangular plate (31) mounted on the upper end of the bottom plate (1); both left and right ends of the rectangular plate (31) are slidably connected to rectangular slide bars (32); one end of the rectangular slide bar (32) away from the rectangular plate (31) is fixedly connected to a first Z-shaped plate (33); a plurality of uniformly distributed compensation bars (34) inserted into the rectangular slide bar (32) are provided between the lower horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33) and the rectangular plate (31); a first angle adjustment mechanism (35) is connected to the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); a lifting mechanism (36) is connected to the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); and a distance adjustment mechanism (37) is connected to the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); The upper mold device (4) is provided with a plurality of upper mold devices which are respectively connected to the corresponding lower ends of the first hydraulic push rods (21); the upper mold device (4) comprises a T-shaped plate (41) installed at the lower end of the first hydraulic push rod (21); a lower pressing plate (42) is installed at the lower end of the T-shaped plate (41); an adjusting mechanism (43) is symmetrically connected to the upper end of the lower pressing plate (42); a second Z-shaped plate (44) is connected to the adjusting mechanism (43); a second angle adjusting mechanism (45) is connected to the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate (44); a pressing plate (46) with a T-shaped structure is slidably connected to the upper horizontal section of the second Z-shaped plate (44); The first angle adjustment mechanism (35) comprises a clamping frame (351) with a U-shaped structure and an open end mounted on the opposite end of the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); an L-shaped slide plate (352) is inserted into the clamping frame (351); a triangular plate (353) located at the opposite end of the middle section of the first Z-shaped plate (33) is detachably mounted on the end of the transverse section of the L-shaped slide plate (352); and the triangular plate (353) is provided with different specifications; The adjusting mechanism (43) comprises two fixing plates (431) symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the lower pressure plate (42) in the front and rear directions, a positioning strip (432) is mounted on one end of the fixing plate (431) away from the vertical section of the T-shaped plate (41), a rectangular frame (433) is slidably sleeved on the positioning strip (432), the lower end of the rectangular frame (433) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower horizontal section of the second Z-shaped plate (44), a plurality of evenly distributed positioning holes (434) are opened on the positioning strip (432), a cylindrical rod (435) is commonly inserted into the front and rear two rectangular frames (433), the cylindrical rod (435) is simultaneously inserted and matched with the corresponding positioning holes (434) on the front and rear two positioning strips (432), and a plurality of evenly distributed U-shaped plates (436) located between the fixing plate (431) and the rectangular frame (433) are commonly inserted into the front and rear two positioning strips (432); The structure of the second angle adjustment mechanism (45) is the same as that of the first angle adjustment mechanism (35); the clamping frame (351) in the second angle adjustment mechanism (45) is installed at the opposite end of the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate (44); and the triangular plate (353) in the second angle adjustment mechanism (45) is located at the opposite end of the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate (44).

2. The superplastic forming equipment for aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion device (2) further comprises two second hydraulic push rods (22) symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the base plate (1), a lifting plate (23) being mounted on the upper ends of the two second hydraulic push rods (22), and the lifting plate (23) being fixedly connected to the fixed sections of the plurality of first hydraulic push rods (21).

3. The superplastic forming equipment for aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (36) comprises two lifting rods (361) which are symmetrically distributed front and back and slidably connected to the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); a waist plate (362) is installed at the lower ends of the two lifting rods (361); two connecting springs (363) are symmetrically installed between the upper end of the waist plate (362) and the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); a limiting plate (364) located above the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33) is installed at the upper ends of the two lifting rods (361); and a limiting branch chain (365) is connected to the limiting plate (364).

4. The superplastic forming equipment for aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance adjustment mechanism (37) comprises a positioning plate (371) mounted at the lower end of the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); the lower end of the positioning plate (371) contacts the bottom plate (1); a plurality of evenly distributed plug-in slots (372) are provided at the upper end of the bottom plate (1) at positions corresponding to the positioning plate (371); a plug-in plate (373) is plugged into any one of the plug-in slots (372).

5. The superplastic forming equipment for aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mold device (4) also includes two connecting grooves (47) opened at the left and right ends of the horizontal section of the T-shaped plate (41), and a reinforcing plate (48) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (47), and one end of the reinforcing plate (48) away from the connecting groove (47) is fixedly connected to the middle section of the second Z-shaped plate (44).

6. The superplastic forming equipment for aluminum alloy material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting branch chain (365) comprises a strip plate (3651) installed at the lower end of the limiting plate (364); two slide rail columns (3652) symmetrically distributed front and rear are installed at one end of the strip plate (3651) away from the upper horizontal section of the first Z-shaped plate (33); a movable plate (3653) is slidably connected to the two slide rail columns (3652); a return spring (3654) is installed between the movable plate (3653) and the strip plate (3651); and a U-shaped frame (3655) with an opening facing the limiting plate (364) is installed at the upper end of the movable plate (3653).

7. A superplastic forming process of aluminum alloy material, which is completed by using the superplastic forming equipment of aluminum alloy material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: moving a plurality of selected aluminum alloy plates that need to be superplastic formed and preheated to a working position; S2: Sliding the corresponding first Z-shaped plate (33) in sequence according to the length of the aluminum alloy plate, and then positioning it through the distance adjustment mechanism (37), then plugging a corresponding number of compensation bars (34) onto the rectangular sliding bar (32), and then plugging the corresponding first angle adjustment mechanism (35) onto the first Z-shaped plate (33); S3: adjusting the distance between the two corresponding second Z-shaped plates (44) in turn through the adjustment mechanism (43) according to the length of the aluminum alloy plate, and then plugging the corresponding second angle adjustment mechanism (45) onto the second Z-shaped plate (44); S4: placing a plurality of aluminum alloy plates to be formed on a plurality of lifting mechanisms (36) in sequence, and then driving the corresponding T-shaped plate (41), the corresponding lower pressing plate (42) and the corresponding second Z-shaped plate (44) to descend through the extrusion device (2) and simultaneously pressing down the plurality of aluminum alloy plates until the lower end of the lower pressing plate (42) drives the aluminum alloy plates to move to the upper end of the rectangular plate (31), and the aluminum alloy plates in a straight state are formed into a concave state; S5: The extrusion device (2) drives the corresponding T-shaped plate (41), the corresponding lower pressing plate (42) and the corresponding second Z-shaped plate (44) to rise and reset, and then the superplastic formed aluminum alloy plate is taken out from the multiple lifting mechanisms (36), and the forming is completed.

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