Pressing device and pressing method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of auxiliary tooling, and provides a pressing device and pressing method. The pressing device includes a pressing component; a pressing sleeve connected to the pressing component, the pressing sleeve having a first positioning structure, the bushing being adapted to be positioned with the pressing sleeve via the first positioning structure; and a positioning seat for mounting a lower clamping plate, the positioning seat having a second positioning structure, the lower clamping plate being adapted to be positioned with the positioning seat via the second positioning structure. This pressing device can improve the accuracy and reliability of pressing the bushing and lower clamping plate; the operation process is simple and the work efficiency is high. The pressing process of the bushing and lower clamping plate is more stable, reducing the possibility of pressing failure due to improper operation or equipment failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of auxiliary tooling, and provides a pressing device and pressing method. Background Technology

[0002] In the pressing process of axle box springs in rail vehicles, especially in the maintenance of subway and high-speed trains, traditional bushing pressing methods have certain technical defects and safety hazards. First, the bushing and the inner hole of the lower clamping plate have an interference fit. Existing pressing methods lack effective positioning and support devices, leading to problems such as bushing misalignment, falling off, compression deformation, and torsion during pressing. Manually holding the bushing requires frequent checks and corrections to ensure verticality, which not only increases operational difficulty but also poses a risk of hand injury, and is inefficient. Second, the press head directly contacts the bushing surface, easily causing wear and deformation. Furthermore, when the lower clamping plate of the axle box spring is placed under the press, it relies solely on the threaded hole plane of the lower clamping plate for support, which is unstable. This makes it easy for the lower clamping plate surface to be damaged due to pressing misalignment, or damage to the threaded structure, affecting subsequent operations or creating safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a pressing device to solve the defects in related technologies where bushings are prone to skewing and falling off during the pressing process of bushings and lower clamping plates.

[0004] This invention also provides a method for press-fitting a bushing and a lower clamping plate in a shaft box.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a pressing device, comprising:

[0006] Press-fit parts;

[0007] A press-fit sleeve is connected to the press-fit component. The press-fit sleeve is provided with a first positioning structure, and the bushing is adapted to be positioned with the press-fit sleeve through the first positioning structure.

[0008] A positioning seat is used to install a lower clamping plate. The positioning seat is provided with a second positioning structure, and the lower clamping plate is adapted to be positioned with the positioning seat in a primary manner through the second positioning structure.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning structure includes:

[0010] A first positioning pin, along the radial direction of the press-fit sleeve, partially protrudes from the outer circular surface of the press-fit sleeve. The first positioning pin is used for positioning and engaging with the bushing, and the end of the first positioning pin protruding from the press-fit sleeve is arc-shaped.

[0011] The first elastic element passes through the press-fit sleeve radially and abuts against the first locating pin and the press-fit sleeve.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressing device further includes a sleeve removal pin, a portion of which is detachably protrudes from the outer circular surface of the pressing sleeve along the radial direction of the pressing sleeve. The end of the sleeve removal pin protruding from the pressing sleeve is planar. The first elastic member abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the pressing sleeve. When the bushing needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate, the sleeve removal pin is adapted to abut against the outer circular surface of the bushing.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning structure includes:

[0014] The second positioning pin, along the radial direction of the positioning seat, partially protrudes from the inner circular surface of the positioning seat, and the second positioning pin is used to position and cooperate with the lower clamping plate.

[0015] The second elastic element passes through the positioning seat radially and abuts against the second positioning pin and the positioning seat.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning seat has an opening on the side facing the lower clamping plate, and a stepped positioning part is formed at the end of the opening. The lower clamping plate is adapted to achieve secondary positioning with the positioning seat through the stepped positioning part.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a positioning groove is formed on the bottom side of the positioning seat facing the lower clamping plate, and the end of the lower clamping plate is adapted to achieve three-level positioning with the positioning seat through the positioning groove.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a third elastic element is provided in the positioning seat at a position corresponding to the positioning groove, and the third elastic element is provided along the height direction of the positioning seat.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a detection pin and a detection sleeve, the detection pin being adapted to be placed in a lower clamping plate, the detection sleeve being detachably mounted on the press-fitting component, and the detection pin and the detection sleeve being adapted to detect the coaxiality of the press-fitting component and the positioning seat.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a frame, the press-fitting component is mounted on the frame, and the positioning seat is slidably mounted on the frame.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a pressing method for the pressing device as described above, comprising:

[0022] The lower clamping plate is installed on the positioning seat via the second positioning structure;

[0023] The press-fit sleeve is installed on the press-fit component, and the bushing is installed on the press-fit component through the first positioning structure;

[0024] The bushing is pressed into the lower clamping plate by the pressing component.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressing device further includes a detection pin and a detection sleeve, the detection pin being adapted to be placed in a lower clamping plate, and the detection sleeve being detachably mounted to the pressing component.

[0026] Before the step of installing the lower clamping plate onto the positioning seat via the second positioning structure, the following steps are included:

[0027] The coaxiality of the press-fit component and the positioning seat is detected by the detection pin and the detection bushing.

[0028] or,

[0029] The pressing device further includes a sleeve-removing pin, a portion of which detachably protrudes from the outer circumference of the pressing sleeve along its radial direction. The end of the sleeve-removing pin protruding from the pressing sleeve is flat. The first positioning structure abuts against the sleeve-removing pin and the pressing sleeve.

[0030] The pressing method further includes:

[0031] When the bushing needs to be removed from the lower clamp, the bushing pin is adapted to abut against the outer surface of the bushing;

[0032] The press-fit component is driven in reverse.

[0033] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pressing device ensures that the bushing and lower clamping plate maintain the correct position and posture during the pressing process by setting the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure, thereby greatly improving the pressing accuracy and reliability. Due to the adoption of a specialized positioning structure, operators do not need to frequently adjust the position of the bushing and lower clamping plate during the pressing process, thus simplifying the operation process and improving work efficiency. The design of the pressing sleeve and positioning seat makes the pressing process more stable, reducing the possibility of pressing failure due to improper operation or equipment malfunction. The pressing device of the present invention can adapt to bushings and lower clamping plates of different specifications and models; only the corresponding positioning structure needs to be replaced, thus having wide applicability. The pressing device of the present invention has significant advantages in the pressing process of bushings and lower clamping plates in axle boxes, effectively improving pressing accuracy and work efficiency, and reducing operational difficulty and failure rate.

[0034] The pressing method provided by the second aspect of the present invention has clear steps and is easy to operate, which can greatly shorten the pressing time and improve production efficiency. Through a precise positioning structure and reasonable pressing steps, this method can ensure the stability and accuracy of the bushing and lower clamping plate during the pressing process, thereby greatly improving the pressing quality. This method simplifies the pressing process, reduces the skill requirements for operators, and allows more people to perform this work. During the pressing process, through reasonable step arrangement and positioning structure settings, safety accidents caused by improper operation or equipment failure can be effectively avoided, thereby enhancing the safety of the pressing process. The pressing method provided by the second aspect of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, simplicity, and safety, and is suitable for the pressing of bushings and lower clamping plates in axle boxes, possessing significant practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bushing provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower clamping plate provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic assembly cross-sectional view of the detection pin, detection bushing, and lower clamping plate provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic assembly cross-sectional view of the press-fit sleeve, bushing, lower clamping plate, and positioning seat provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the pressing device provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of the press-fitting method provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] 100. Press-fit component; 102. Press-fit sleeve; 104. Positioning seat; 106. First positioning pin; 108. First elastic element; 110. Second positioning pin; 112. Second elastic element; 114. Stepped positioning part; 116. Positioning groove; 118. Third elastic element; 120. Detection pin; 122. Detection bushing; 124. Frame; 126. Bushing; 128. Lower clamping plate. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a first aspect of the present invention provides a pressing device, comprising:

[0046] Press-fit component 100;

[0047] A press-fitting sleeve 102 is connected to a press-fitting component 100. A first positioning structure is provided on the press-fitting sleeve 102. The bushing 126 is adapted to be positioned with the press-fitting sleeve 102 through the first positioning structure.

[0048] The positioning seat 104 is used to install the lower clamping plate 128. The positioning seat 104 is provided with a second positioning structure, and the lower clamping plate 128 is adapted to be positioned in the first stage with the positioning seat 104 through the second positioning structure.

[0049] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pressing device ensures that the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 maintain the correct position and posture during the pressing process by setting the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure, thereby greatly improving the pressing accuracy and reliability. Due to the adoption of a dedicated positioning structure, operators do not need to frequently adjust the position of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 during the pressing process, thus simplifying the operation and improving work efficiency. The design of the pressing sleeve 102 and the positioning seat 104 makes the pressing process more stable, reducing the possibility of pressing failure due to improper operation or equipment malfunction. The pressing device of the present invention can adapt to bushings 126 and lower clamping plates 128 of different specifications and models; only the corresponding positioning structure needs to be replaced, thus having wide applicability. The pressing device of the present invention has significant advantages in the pressing process of bushing 126 and lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box, effectively improving pressing accuracy and work efficiency, and reducing operation difficulty and failure rate.

[0050] Please continue reading Figures 1 to 5 A first aspect of the present invention provides a device specifically designed for press-fitting a bushing 126 and a lower clamping plate 128 in an axle box. This device mainly consists of the following key components:

[0051] As the power or actuating part of the entire pressing device, the pressing component 100 is responsible for providing the necessary pressure or thrust to ensure that the bushing 126 can be correctly and securely pressed onto the lower clamping plate 128. The specific form of the pressing component 100 includes hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, mechanical pressing heads, etc., and the specific selection depends on the actual working environment and pressing requirements.

[0052] The press-fit sleeve 102 is a component connected to the press-fitting member 100, transmitting the pressure generated by the press-fitting member 100 to the bushing 126. The press-fit sleeve 102 is designed with a first positioning structure, which is used to precisely position the bushing 126, ensuring that the bushing 126 maintains the correct position and orientation during the press-fitting process and avoiding press-fitting deviations. The press-fit sleeve 102 also prevents wear and deformation of the bushing 126 surface.

[0053] The positioning seat 104 is a component used for mounting and positioning the lower clamping plate 128. A second positioning structure is provided on the positioning seat 104, which is used to achieve primary positioning of the lower clamping plate 128. Primary positioning means that through this structure, the lower clamping plate 128 can be initially fixed on the positioning seat 104, preparing it for subsequent press-fitting work.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning structure includes:

[0055] The first positioning pin 106 extends radially from the outer surface of the press-fit sleeve 102. The first positioning pin 106 is used to position and cooperate with the bushing 126. The end of the first positioning pin 106 extending out of the press-fit sleeve 102 is arc-shaped.

[0056] The first elastic element 108 is radially inserted through the press-fit sleeve 102 and abuts against the first positioning pin 106 and the press-fit sleeve 102.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning structure is further refined and optimized to provide a more accurate and reliable positioning effect. Specifically, the first positioning structure includes two key components: a first positioning pin 106 and a first elastic member 108.

[0058] The first locating pin 106 is arranged radially along the press-fit sleeve 102, and a portion of the first locating pin 106 can be detachably protruded from the outer circumference of the press-fit sleeve 102. This means that the first locating pin 106 can not only play a positioning role during the press-fitting process, but can also be easily disassembled and replaced when needed.

[0059] The primary function of the first locating pin 106 is to position and engage with the bushing 126. By precisely matching the locating holes or locating surfaces on the bushing 126, the first locating pin 106 ensures the stability and accuracy of the bushing 126 during the press-fitting process.

[0060] The first locating pin 106 extends out of the end of the press-fit sleeve 102 in an arc shape. This design helps reduce wear on the bushing 126 or the press-fit sleeve 102 during insertion and removal, while increasing the flexibility and adaptability of positioning.

[0061] The first elastic element 108 is radially inserted into the press-fit sleeve 102 and abuts against the first locating pin 106 and the press-fit sleeve 102. This means that the first elastic element 108 always applies a certain pressure to the first locating pin 106 to maintain its stability and adapt to different positioning requirements.

[0062] The primary function of the first elastic element 108 is to provide necessary elasticity and cushioning. During the press-fitting process, when the bushing 126 contacts the first locating pin 106, the first elastic element 108 can absorb part of the impact force, reduce the wear of the locating pin and the bushing 126, and at the same time ensure the accuracy and reliability of the positioning.

[0063] By precisely matching the positioning holes or surfaces on the bushing 126, the first positioning pin 106 ensures the stability and accuracy of the bushing 126 during the pressing process, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the entire pressing process. The arc-shaped design of the first positioning pin 106 and the elastic action of the first elastic element 108 allow this positioning structure to adapt to bushings 126 of different specifications and models, increasing the versatility and flexibility of the device. The arc-shaped end of the first positioning pin 106 and the buffering effect of the first elastic element 108 reduce wear on the bushing 126 and the pressing sleeve 102, extending the service life of the equipment. Since the first positioning pin 106 can be detachably installed, it is more convenient and faster in actual operation, reducing the difficulty and complexity of operation.

[0064] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the press fitting device further includes a take-off pin. A portion of the take-off pin is detachably protruding from the outer circular surface of the press fitting sleeve 102 along the radial direction of the press fitting sleeve 102. The end of the take-off pin protruding from the press fitting sleeve 102 is planar. A first elastic member 108 abuts between the take-off pin and the press fitting sleeve 102. When the bushing 126 needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate 128, the take-off pin is adapted to abut against the outer circular surface of the bushing 126.

[0065] In one specific embodiment of the invention, the pressing device is further improved by adding a sleeve removal pin assembly to enhance its functionality and flexibility. This improvement is particularly suitable for scenarios where it is necessary to remove the bushing 126 that has been pressed into the lower clamping plate 128.

[0066] The removal pins are arranged radially along the press-fit sleeve 102, and part of the removal pins can be detachably protruded from the outer circumference of the press-fit sleeve 102. This means that the removal pins can not only be easily installed and removed when needed, but their position can also be adjusted according to actual requirements.

[0067] The end of the ejector pin protruding from the press-fit sleeve 102 is flat. This design allows the ejector pin to provide a more uniform and stable pressure distribution when it contacts the outer circular surface of the bushing 126, thereby more effectively removing the bushing 126 from the lower clamping plate 128.

[0068] In this embodiment, the first elastic element 108 not only continues to play its role in the positioning process (i.e., abutting against the first positioning pin 106 and the pressing sleeve 102), but also expands its application scope to abut against the sleeve removal pin and the pressing sleeve 102. This means that the first elastic element 108 can provide the necessary elasticity and cushioning during pressing and sleeve removal, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the operation.

[0069] When the bushing 126 needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate 128, the operator can adjust the position of the bushing removal pin and apply appropriate pressure to press it against the outer surface of the bushing 126. Then, by applying pulling force with appropriate tools or equipment (such as hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, etc.), the bushing 126 can be smoothly removed from the lower clamping plate 128.

[0070] By adding the bushing removal pin assembly, the pressing device can not only complete the pressing of the bushing 126, but also meet the need for removing the bushing 126, thereby improving the versatility and practicality of the equipment. The combination of the flat design of the bushing removal pin and the elastic action of the first elastic element 108 makes the bushing removal process smoother and more efficient, reducing operation time and labor costs. The flat design of the bushing removal pin and the buffering effect of the first elastic element 108 help reduce wear and damage to the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128, extending the service life of the equipment. Because the bushing removal pin can be detachably installed and its position adjusted, it is more convenient and faster in actual operation, reducing the difficulty and complexity of operation.

[0071] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning structure includes:

[0072] The second positioning pin 110 extends radially from the inner surface of the positioning seat 104, and a portion of the second positioning pin 110 is movably protruding from the inner surface of the positioning seat 104. The second positioning pin 110 is used for positioning and engaging with the lower clamping plate 128.

[0073] The second elastic element 112 passes through the positioning seat 104 radially and abuts between the second positioning pin 110 and the positioning seat 104.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning structure is designed and optimized in detail to ensure the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the pressing process. This structure mainly includes two key components: the second positioning pin 110 and the second elastic element 112.

[0075] The second positioning pin 110 is arranged radially along the positioning seat 104, and a portion of the second positioning pin 110 can movably extend beyond the inner circular surface of the positioning seat 104. This design allows the second positioning pin 110 to be finely adjusted according to the actual position and shape of the lower clamping plate 128 during the positioning process, thereby ensuring a more accurate positioning effect.

[0076] The main function of the second locating pin 110 is to position and engage with the lower clamping plate 128. By precisely matching the locating holes or locating surfaces on the lower clamping plate 128, the second locating pin 110 can ensure the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 in the pressing device.

[0077] The second elastic element 112 is radially inserted into the positioning seat 104 and abuts against the second positioning pin 110 and the positioning seat 104. This means that the second elastic element 112 always applies a certain pressure to the second positioning pin 110 to maintain its stability and adapt to different positioning requirements.

[0078] The main function of the second elastic element 112 is to provide necessary elasticity and cushioning. During the positioning process, when the lower clamping plate 128 contacts the second positioning pin 110, the second elastic element 112 can absorb part of the impact force, reduce the wear of the positioning pin and the lower clamping plate 128, and at the same time ensure the accuracy and reliability of positioning.

[0079] By precisely matching the positioning holes or surfaces on the lower clamping plate 128, the second positioning pin 110 ensures the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 in the pressing device, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the entire pressing process. The movable design of the second positioning pin 110, combined with the elastic action of the second elastic element 112, allows this positioning structure to adapt to lower clamping plates 128 of different specifications and models, increasing the versatility and flexibility of the device. The buffering effect of the second elastic element 112 reduces wear on the second positioning pin 110 and the lower clamping plate 128, extending the service life of the equipment. Because the second positioning pin 110 can be movably installed and adjusted, it is more convenient and faster in actual operation, reducing the difficulty and complexity of operation.

[0080] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning seat 104 has an opening on the side facing the lower clamping plate 128, and a stepped positioning part 114 is formed at the end of the opening. The lower clamping plate 128 is adapted to achieve secondary positioning with the positioning seat 104 through the stepped positioning part 114.

[0081] like Figure 4As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the design of the positioning seat 104 is further optimized, particularly by forming an opening on its side facing the lower clamping plate 128, and providing a stepped positioning part 114 at the end of the opening. This design aims to provide a more precise and stable positioning mechanism to ensure the accurate placement and fixation of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process.

[0082] The positioning base 104 has an opening on the side facing the lower clamp 128, which provides space for the installation of the lower clamp 128. The shape and size of the opening are customized according to the shape and size of the lower clamp 128 to ensure that the lower clamp 128 can be smoothly inserted into and fixed on the positioning base 104.

[0083] At the end of the opening, a stepped positioning part 114 is formed on the positioning seat 104. This stepped positioning part 114 is composed of cylindrical or flat surfaces of different diameters or heights, forming a stepped structure. This design allows the lower clamping plate 128 to achieve secondary positioning by cooperating with the stepped positioning part 114 after being inserted into the opening.

[0084] Secondary positioning means that after the lower clamping plate 128 is initially inserted into the opening, it will be further adjusted and fixed by the stepped positioning part 114 to ensure its stability and accuracy during the pressing process.

[0085] The stepped positioning part 114 enables more precise positioning of the lower clamping plate 128 during the pressing process. Through a two-stage positioning mechanism, the position of the lower clamping plate 128 remains highly consistent before, during, and after pressing, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the entire pressing process. The stepped positioning part 114 not only provides more precise positioning but also enhances the stability of the lower clamping plate 128 during pressing. Multi-stage positioning and fixing ensures that the lower clamping plate 128 will not shift or shake under pressure, thus guaranteeing the quality and efficiency of pressing. The stepped positioning part 114 makes the installation and fixing of the lower clamping plate 128 simpler and faster, thus simplifying the operation process and reducing operational difficulty and complexity. Operators only need to insert the lower clamping plate 128 into the opening and align it with the stepped positioning part 114; no additional adjustment or fixing work is required. This optimized positioning seat 104 design can accommodate lower clamping plates 128 of different specifications and models, thus improving the versatility and flexibility of the equipment. The positioning requirements of different lower clamping plates 128 can be met simply by adjusting the size and shape of the opening and stepped positioning part 114 as needed.

[0086] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a positioning groove 116 is formed on the bottom side of the positioning seat 104 facing the lower clamping plate 128, and the end of the lower clamping plate 128 is adapted to achieve three-level positioning with the positioning seat 104 through the positioning groove 116.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the design of the positioning seat 104 has been further refined and optimized, particularly by adding a positioning groove 116 on its bottom side facing the lower clamping plate 128. This design aims to ensure the high stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the pressing process through a three-level positioning mechanism.

[0088] A positioning groove 116 is formed on the bottom side of the positioning seat 104 facing the lower clamping plate 128. The shape and size of the positioning groove 116 are customized according to the end of the lower clamping plate 128. The positioning groove 116 can be a recess, slot, or other form of recess, used to accommodate and fix the end of the lower clamping plate 128.

[0089] The design of the positioning groove 116 allows the end of the lower clamping plate 128 to be tightly embedded in the positioning groove 116 after the positioning seat 104 is inserted, thereby achieving three-level positioning. This three-level positioning mechanism is achieved by further fixing through the positioning groove 116 after the initial insertion opening and two-level stepped positioning.

[0090] Through a three-level positioning mechanism, the positioning accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the pressing process is significantly improved. The addition of the positioning groove 116 ensures a tighter and more stable fixation of the end of the lower clamping plate 128, thereby ensuring that its position remains highly consistent before, during, and after pressing. The design of the positioning groove 116 not only improves positioning accuracy but also significantly enhances the stability of the lower clamping plate 128 during the pressing process. Through the fixation and support of the three-level positioning, the lower clamping plate 128 can maintain a more firm and stable state under pressure, avoiding displacement or shaking, thus ensuring the quality and efficiency of pressing. The addition of the positioning groove 116 makes the installation and fixing process of the lower clamping plate 128 simpler and more efficient. The operator only needs to accurately insert the end of the lower clamping plate 128 into the positioning groove 116 to complete the three-level positioning without additional adjustment and fixing work. This greatly simplifies the operation process and reduces the difficulty and complexity of operation. This optimized positioning seat 104 design not only improves the stability and accuracy of the pressing process but also enhances the reliability and durability of the equipment. Through the fixation and support of the three-level positioning, the connection between the positioning seat 104 and the lower clamping plate 128 is more secure and stable, reducing the risk of failure and damage caused by loosening or deformation.

[0091] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a third elastic element 118 is provided in the positioning seat 104 at a position corresponding to the positioning groove 116, and the third elastic element 118 is provided along the height direction of the positioning seat 104.

[0092] like Figure 4As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the design of the positioning seat 104 has been further improved, particularly by adding a third elastic element 118 at the position corresponding to the positioning groove 116. This design aims to further improve the stability and adaptability of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process by introducing the third elastic element 118.

[0093] A third elastic element 118 is provided in the positioning seat 104 at a position corresponding to the positioning groove 116. This third elastic element 118 can be a spring, an elastic pad, or other type of elastic element, and its function is to provide elastic force along the height direction of the positioning seat 104.

[0094] One end of the third elastic element 118 is fixed to the positioning seat 104, and the other end contacts the end of the lower clamping plate 128 or the bottom of the positioning groove 116. When the lower clamping plate 128 is inserted into the positioning groove 116, the third elastic element 118 is compressed, thereby generating a certain elasticity and buffering effect between the lower clamping plate 128 and the positioning seat 104.

[0095] The introduction of the third elastic element 118 allows the positioning seat 104 to better adapt to lower clamping plates 128 of different specifications and sizes. Because the third elastic element 118 has a certain degree of elasticity and compressibility, it can accommodate dimensional differences within a certain range, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the equipment. The third elastic element 118 provides elastic force along the height direction of the positioning seat 104, providing additional support and cushioning when the lower clamping plate 128 is under pressure. This helps reduce the swaying and displacement of the lower clamping plate 128, ensuring its stability and accuracy during the pressing process. The presence of the third elastic element 118 makes the pressing process smoother and more stable. When the lower clamping plate 128 is pressed into the positioning groove 116, the third elastic element 118 can absorb some of the impact force, reducing noise and vibration, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of the pressing process. Because the third elastic element 118 provides elasticity and cushioning between the lower clamping plate 128 and the positioning seat 104, it can reduce direct friction and wear between the two. This helps extend the service life of the equipment and reduce maintenance costs.

[0096] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a detection pin 120 and a detection sleeve 122. The detection pin 120 is adapted to be placed in the lower clamping plate 128, and the detection sleeve 122 is detachably installed on the press-fitting component 100. The detection pin 120 and the detection sleeve 122 are adapted to detect the coaxiality of the press-fitting component 100 and the positioning seat 104.

[0097] like Figure 3As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the previously described components such as the positioning seat 104 and the lower clamping plate 128, a pair of key components, namely the detection pin 120 and the detection bushing 122, are also introduced. This design aims to provide an effective coaxiality detection method to ensure that the coaxiality between the press-fit part 100 and the positioning seat 104 meets the requirements.

[0098] The detection pin 120 is designed to be placed in the lower clamping plate 128, and its shape and size match the corresponding hole or slot in the lower clamping plate 128. The detection pin 120 is typically made of a rigid material to ensure its stability and accuracy during the detection process.

[0099] The detection bushing 122 is designed to be detachably mounted on the press-fit 100, and its internal shape and dimensions match those of the detection pin 120. The detection bushing 122 is typically made of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material to ensure the precision and durability of its fit with the detection pin 120.

[0100] During the press-fitting process, when the press-fitting component 100 is installed onto the positioning seat 104, the detection pin 120 and the detection bushing 122 work together to detect the coaxiality between the press-fitting component 100 and the positioning seat 104. By inserting the detection pin 120 into the lower clamping plate 128 and installing the detection bushing 122 onto the press-fitting component 100, it is possible to check whether the coaxiality between the two meets the preset requirements.

[0101] By introducing the key components of the detection pin 120 and the detection bushing 122, precise detection of the coaxiality between the press-fit part 100 and the positioning seat 104 can be achieved. This helps ensure the accuracy and stability of the press-fit process, thereby improving product quality. Coaxiality is one of the key factors ensuring the normal operation and stable performance of equipment. By accurately detecting coaxiality, potential deviations and errors can be detected and corrected in a timely manner, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of the equipment. Coaxiality detection can serve as a critical step in the press-fit process, ensuring that each press-fit step meets preset requirements. This helps optimize the press-fit process, improve production efficiency, and reduce costs. By ensuring that the coaxiality between the press-fit part 100 and the positioning seat 104 meets the requirements, the overall performance and quality of the product can be improved. This helps enhance the product's market competitiveness and meet customer needs and expectations.

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a frame 124, a press-fit component 100 mounted on the frame 124, and a positioning seat 104 slidably mounted on the frame 124.

[0103] like Figure 5As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, this technical solution not only includes the press-fit component 100 and the positioning seat 104, but also introduces the key component 124. The frame 124 serves as the support structure for the entire device, fixing and supporting other components. In this embodiment, the press-fit component 100 is mounted on the frame 124, while the positioning seat 104 is designed to be slidably mounted on the frame 124.

[0104] The frame 124 is the main structure of the entire equipment, made of high-strength, high-stability materials such as high-quality steel or aluminum alloy. It provides sufficient support and stability to ensure the smooth progress of the pressing process.

[0105] The press-fit component 100 is securely mounted on the frame 124 and secured with bolts, nuts, or other fasteners. This mounting method ensures the stability and accuracy of the press-fit component 100 during the press-fitting process.

[0106] The positioning seat 104 is designed to be slidably mounted on the frame 124 via a slide rail, slider, or other sliding mechanism. This design allows the positioning seat 104 to move flexibly on the frame 124 to accommodate workpieces of different sizes and shapes. At the same time, the sliding mechanism provides sufficient support and stability to ensure the accuracy of the positioning seat 104 during movement.

[0107] By securely mounting the pressing component 100 onto the frame 124 and designing the positioning seat 104 to be slidably mounted, stability and accuracy during the pressing process can be ensured. This helps improve pressing precision and meet the production requirements of high-quality products. The slidable design of the positioning seat 104 allows the equipment to adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes. This flexibility helps improve equipment utilization and production efficiency, and reduce production costs. By mounting the pressing component 100 and the positioning seat 104 onto the frame 124 respectively and designing a reasonable sliding mechanism, the pressing process can be optimized. This helps reduce unnecessary operating steps and time waste, improving production efficiency and product quality. As the supporting structure of the entire equipment, the frame 124 provides sufficient stability and support. This helps ensure the stability and reliability of the equipment during long-term operation and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0108] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the pressing device can be used for pressing the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box. By using the pressing device described above, the bushing 126 can be prevented from becoming skewed during the pressing process to the lower clamping plate 128, and wear on the surface of the bushing 126 can also be avoided.

[0109] A second aspect of the present invention provides a pressing method based on the above-described pressing device, comprising:

[0110] Step 10: Install the lower clamping plate 128 onto the positioning seat 104 via the second positioning structure;

[0111] Step 20: Install the press-fit sleeve 102 onto the press-fit component 100 and install the bushing 126 onto the press-fit component 100 through the first positioning structure;

[0112] Step 30: Press the bushing 126 onto the lower clamping plate 128 using the press-fitting component 100.

[0113] The pressing method provided by the second aspect of the present invention has clear steps and is easy to operate, which can greatly shorten the pressing time and improve production efficiency. Through a precise positioning structure and reasonable pressing steps, this method can ensure the stability and accuracy of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 during the pressing process, thereby greatly improving the pressing quality. This method simplifies the pressing process, reduces the skill requirements for operators, and allows more people to perform this work. During the pressing process, through reasonable step arrangement and positioning structure settings, safety accidents caused by improper operation or equipment failure can be effectively avoided, thereby enhancing the safety of the pressing process. The pressing method provided by the second aspect of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, simplicity, and safety, and is suitable for the pressing of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box, and has important practical value.

[0114] like Figure 6 As shown, a second aspect of the present invention provides a pressing method that matches the above-described pressing device. The method describes in detail how to use the device to complete the pressing of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box.

[0115] Step 10: Install the lower clamping plate 128 using the second positioning structure on the positioning seat 104. This step ensures the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process, avoiding press-fitting failure due to positional deviation.

[0116] Step 20: Install the press-fit sleeve 102 onto the press-fit component 100, and ensure that the bushing 126 is correctly installed via the first positioning structure on the press-fit sleeve 102. This step is also crucial because it ensures the correct positioning of the bushing 126 before press-fitting, laying a solid foundation for subsequent press-fitting work.

[0117] Step 30: Apply appropriate pressure through the pressing component 100 to press the bushing 126 onto the lower clamping plate 128. During this process, the pressure generated by the pressing component 100 is transmitted to the bushing 126 through the pressing sleeve 102, thereby firmly pressing the bushing 126 onto the lower clamping plate 128.

[0118] In addition, it should be noted that during the pressing process of the press-fitting part 100, the pressing is carried out in the form of a 5-second interval. After the bushing 126 is pressed into place, the bushing 126 is held for 2 seconds to prevent the elastic restoring force of the third elastic element 118 in the positioning seat 104 from pushing the bushing 126 out.

[0119] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the press-fitting device for the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box further includes a detection pin 120 and a detection bushing 122. The detection pin 120 is adapted to be placed in the lower clamping plate 128, and the detection bushing 122 is detachably installed on the press-fitting component 100.

[0120] Before the step of installing the lower clamping plate 128 onto the positioning seat 104 via the second positioning structure, the following steps are included:

[0121] The coaxiality of the press-fit part 100 and the positioning seat 104 is detected by testing the pin 120 and the bushing 122;

[0122] or,

[0123] The press-fitting device for the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box also includes a sleeve removal pin. A portion of the sleeve removal pin detachably protrudes from the outer circumference of the press-fitting sleeve 102 along its radial direction. The end of the sleeve removal pin protruding from the press-fitting sleeve 102 is flat. A first positioning structure abuts against the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve 102.

[0124] Press-fitting methods also include:

[0125] When the bushing 126 needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate 128, the bushing pin is adapted to abut against the outer surface of the bushing 126.

[0126] Reverse drive press fitting 100.

[0127] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a device and method for pressing bushing 126 and lower clamping plate 128 in a bushing box are provided. The device not only includes the previously mentioned key components such as frame 124, pressing component 100, positioning seat 104, and lower clamping plate 128, but also adds innovative designs such as detection pin 120, detection bushing 122, and bushing removal pin.

[0128] The detection pin 120 is designed to be precisely inserted into the pre-drilled hole in the lower clamping plate 128, while the detection bushing 122 can be detachably mounted on the press-fitting component 100. The combined use of these two components can effectively detect the coaxiality between the press-fitting component 100 and the positioning seat 104 before the press-fitting process begins, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting process.

[0129] The sleeve removal pin is a detachable component designed radially along the press-fit sleeve 102, with a portion extending beyond the outer circular surface of the press-fit sleeve 102. The protruding end of the sleeve removal pin is designed to be flat for better contact with the outer circular surface of the bushing 126. Simultaneously, a first positioning structure is provided between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fit sleeve 102, providing necessary spring force and reset function.

[0130] Before installing the lower clamping plate 128 onto the positioning seat 104 via the second positioning structure, the coaxiality of the press-fitting part 100 and the positioning seat 104 is first checked using the detection pin 120 and the detection bushing 122. This step ensures the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting process and avoids quality problems caused by coaxiality deviation.

[0131] When the bushing 126 needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate 128, the position of the bushing removal pin can be adjusted so that it passes through the press-fitting sleeve 102 and abuts against the outer surface of the bushing 126. Then, the press-fitting component 100 is driven in reverse, and the friction between the bushing removal pin and the bushing 126 is used to smoothly remove the bushing 126 from the lower clamping plate 128. This step simplifies the removal process of the bushing 126 and improves operational efficiency.

[0132] By using the detection pin 120 and detection bushing 122, the coaxiality between the press-fit part 100 and the positioning seat 104 can be accurately detected, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting process. This helps improve product quality and reliability. The design of the removal pin and the first positioning structure makes the removal process of the bushing 126 simpler and more efficient. The bushing 126 can be easily removed from the lower clamping plate 128 without additional tools or equipment, reducing operational difficulty and cost. This device is not only suitable for press-fitting the bushing 126 to the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box, but can also be flexibly adjusted and optimized according to actual needs. For example, by changing the detection pin 120 and detection bushing 122 of different specifications, it can adapt to the press-fitting requirements of workpieces of different sizes and shapes. The introduction of the coaxiality detection step and the bushing 126 removal step, although increasing the complexity of the press-fitting process, improves overall production efficiency and product quality. By ensuring the accuracy and stability of press-fitting, rework and scrap caused by quality problems are reduced, thereby reducing production costs and wasted time.

[0133] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the press-fitting method can be used for press-fitting the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box. By using the above-mentioned press-fitting method, the coaxiality of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 can be guaranteed, avoiding the bushing 126 from being pressed in place and ensuring the press-fitting accuracy of the bushing 126.

[0134] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressing device, characterized in that, include: Press-fit parts; A press-fit sleeve is connected to the press-fit component. The press-fit sleeve is provided with a first positioning structure. The bushing is adapted to be positioned with the press-fit sleeve through the first positioning structure. The first positioning structure includes a first positioning pin and a first elastic element. The first positioning pin is radially connected to the press-fit sleeve. A portion of the first positioning pin is detachably protruding from the outer circumference of the press-fit sleeve. The first positioning pin is used for positioning and cooperating with the bushing. The end of the first positioning pin protruding from the press-fit sleeve is arc-shaped. The first elastic element is radially connected to the press-fit sleeve and abuts against the first positioning pin and the press-fit sleeve. A positioning seat is used to install a lower clamping plate. The positioning seat is provided with a second positioning structure. The lower clamping plate is adapted to be positioned with the positioning seat in a primary manner through the second positioning structure. The second positioning structure includes a second positioning pin and a second elastic member. The second positioning pin is radially arranged in the positioning seat, and a portion of the second positioning pin movably protrudes from the inner circular surface of the positioning seat. The second positioning pin is used for positioning and engaging with the lower clamping plate. The second elastic member is radially arranged in the positioning seat and abuts against the second positioning pin and the positioning seat. The positioning seat has an opening on the side facing the lower clamping plate, and a stepped positioning part is formed at the end of the opening. The lower clamping plate is adapted to achieve secondary positioning with the positioning seat through the stepped positioning part. The bottom of the positioning seat has a positioning groove on the side facing the lower clamping plate, and the end of the lower clamping plate is adapted to achieve three-level positioning with the positioning seat through the positioning groove; A detection pin and a detection bushing are provided, wherein the detection pin is adapted to be placed in a lower clamping plate, and the detection bushing is detachably installed on the press-fit component. The detection pin and the detection bushing are adapted to detect the coaxiality of the press-fit component and the positioning seat.

2. The pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing device further includes a sleeve removal pin, a portion of which is detachably protruding from the outer circular surface of the pressing sleeve along the radial direction of the pressing sleeve. The end of the sleeve removal pin protruding from the pressing sleeve is flat. The first elastic element abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the pressing sleeve. When the bushing needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate, the sleeve removal pin is adapted to press against the outer circular surface of the bushing.

3. The pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third elastic element is provided in the positioning seat at the position corresponding to the positioning groove, and the third elastic element is provided along the height direction of the positioning seat.

4. The pressing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a frame, the press-fitting component is mounted on the frame, and the positioning seat is slidably mounted on the frame.

5. A pressing method based on the pressing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: The lower clamping plate is installed on the positioning seat via the second positioning structure; The press-fit sleeve is installed on the press-fit component, and the bushing is installed on the press-fit component through the first positioning structure; The bushing is pressed into the lower clamping plate by the pressing component.

6. The pressing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressing device further includes a detection pin and a detection sleeve. The detection pin is adapted to be placed in the lower clamping plate, and the detection sleeve is detachably installed on the pressing component. Before the step of installing the lower clamping plate onto the positioning seat via the second positioning structure, the following steps are included: The coaxiality of the press-fit component and the positioning seat is detected by the detection pin and the detection bushing. or, The pressing device further includes a sleeve-removing pin, a portion of which detachably protrudes from the outer circumference of the pressing sleeve along its radial direction. The end of the sleeve-removing pin protruding from the pressing sleeve is flat. The first positioning structure abuts against the sleeve-removing pin and the pressing sleeve. The pressing method further includes: When the bushing needs to be removed from the lower clamp, the bushing pin is adapted to abut against the outer surface of the bushing; The press-fit component is driven in reverse.

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