A foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone spraying and its preparation process and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a foliar fertilizer for drone flight defense and a preparation process and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of foliar fertilizers. Potassium humate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and water are added into a stirring kettle, stirred and mixed, a chelating agent is added into the stirring kettle and stirred and mixed continuously, and then an enzymatic amino acid solution, aminoethyl ester, a wetting agent, a moisturizing agent and a moisturizing auxiliary agent are added into the stirring kettle, and stirred and mixed to obtain the crop foliar fertilizer for drone flight defense; by adding the crop foliar fertilizer with nutrients such as potassium humate and functional auxiliary agents such as a moisturizing auxiliary agent, the crops are helped to absorb nutrients quickly, the hydrophilic modifier improves the water holding capacity and stability of the moisturizing auxiliary agent in the crop foliar fertilizer, and helps to adsorb more water molecules to form stable bound water, inhibit the growth of ice crystals, reduce the freezing point, delay ice formation, and increase the application effect of the crop foliar fertilizer under cold conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of foliar fertilizers, and in particular relates to a foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone flight protection, and a preparation process and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major wheat-growing country, and the sowing period for winter wheat is from September to November every year, and it can be harvested around June of the following year when it matures. After sowing, winter wheat needs to go through a wintering period after germination and tillering. During the wintering period, as the temperature drops, the growth of winter wheat slows down or even stops, and it enters a dormant state to resist low temperatures. Winter wheat sown in November is late-sown winter wheat, and the time between germination and exposure to low temperatures is shorter. Due to the shortening of the tillering period, if the soil base fertilizer is insufficient, it is likely to lead to a decrease in the number of winter wheat tillers and poor development of wheat seedlings, thus affecting the total yield of winter wheat the following year.

[0003] Many crops require a lot of nutrients during their growth period. However, soil fertilization requires a period of time for nutrients to be absorbed by crops, which cannot meet the nutrient needs in time. Plant leaves are the main organs for photosynthesis and transpiration. Stomata and cuticles are distributed on the surface of leaves, which enable them to absorb water and nutrients dissolved in water. Foliar spraying can help winter wheat quickly replenish nutrients and promote tillering, thereby meeting its subsequent growth and development needs.

[0004] "Flying control" is a hot word in the plant protection industry in recent years. It is the abbreviation of drone control of crops. In addition to pesticides for controlling pests and diseases, which can be sprayed at low altitudes by drones equipped with spray equipment, some plant growth hormones and foliar fertilizers can also be sprayed by drones. Especially in large-scale agricultural production, this method has the advantages of improving efficiency and reducing costs.

[0005] Winter wheat fields can be precisely managed through drone spraying. Therefore, a foliar fertilizer for crops that is compatible with this spraying method is needed to help improve the growth and development of late-sown winter wheat. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone flight control, which helps crops absorb nutrients quickly by adding nutrients such as potassium humate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and functional additives such as moisturizing aids, thereby improving the growth of crops. The moisturizing aid helps to lower the freezing point of the foliar fertilizer for crops and increase its application effect under cold conditions. The second purpose is to provide a preparation process for the foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone flight control. The third purpose is to provide the application of the foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone flight control in the tillering period of late-sown winter wheat.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A preparation process of crop foliar fertilizer for drone flight control comprises the following steps:

[0009] Potassium humate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and water are added to a stirring kettle, and the mixture is stirred at 300-500 r / min for 3-5 minutes. A chelating agent is then added to the stirring kettle and the stirring is continued for 3-5 minutes. Then, an enzymatic amino acid solution, aminoethyl ester, a wetting agent, a moisturizing agent and a moisturizing aid are added to the stirring kettle, and the mixture is stirred for 5-10 minutes to obtain a foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone flight control.

[0010] Furthermore, the dosage ratio of enzymatic amino acid solution, potassium humate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelating agent, aminoethyl ester, wetting agent, humectant, moisturizing aid and water is 50-80mL: 15-20g: 15-20g: 5-10g: 5-10g: 8-12g: 15-20g: 0.5-1g: 0.2-0.3g: 3-6g: 1.5-3g: 900-1000mL.

[0011] Further, the enzymatic amino acid solution is prepared by the following steps:

[0012] The aquatic scraps are pulped to obtain meat and bone paste, the meat and bone paste and clean water are added into a fermentation tank at a mass ratio of 1:5-6 and mixed evenly, and then a composite protease is added at a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2% of the meat and bone paste, and enzymolysis is performed at 50-55°C and a stirring speed of 120-180r / min for 8-10h, the enzymolysis product is filtered through 100-mesh gauze, and the filtrate is collected to obtain an enzymolysis amino acid solution.

[0013] Furthermore, the wetting agent is any one of lauroyl diethanolamine, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and coconut acid diethanolamine.

[0014] Furthermore, the moisturizing agent is prepared by mixing sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0015] Furthermore, the moisturizing aid is prepared by the following steps:

[0016] Add an amphiphilic polymer, a CDI activator and dioxane into a reaction kettle, stir for 1-1.5 hours at 200-300 r / min under nitrogen protection to activate the carboxyl group in the amphiphilic polymer, then add a hydrophilic modifier into the reaction kettle, stir and react at 30-35° C. for 10-12 hours, after the reaction is completed, transfer the product into n-hexane for precipitation, filter, wash the filter cake with anhydrous ethanol for 2-3 times, vacuum dry, crush, and pass through a 160-mesh sieve to obtain a moisturizing aid.

[0017] Furthermore, the usage ratio of the amphiphilic polymer, the CDI activator, the dioxane and the hydrophilic modifier is 4-4.5 g: 2.8-3 g: 40 mL: 1.5-1.8 g.

[0018] Further, the amphiphilic polymer is prepared by the following steps:

[0019] Add DDMAT as a RAFT agent, azobiscyanovaleric acid, methacrylic acid and dioxane as an initiator into a reactor, stir at 200-300 r / min for 10-15 min, keep warm at 70-75° C. and react under nitrogen protection for 2-2.5 h, then add hexafluorobutyl acrylate into the reactor and continue to react for 2-2.5 h. After the reaction is completed, transfer the product into n-hexane for precipitation, filter, wash the filter cake with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, and vacuum dry to obtain an amphiphilic polymer;

[0020] Furthermore, the usage ratio of DDMAT, azobiscyanovaleric acid, methacrylic acid, dioxane and hexafluorobutyl acrylate is 3.5-3.8 g: 0.05-0.06 g: 34.5-36 g: 190 g: 47-50 g.

[0021] Further, the hydrophilic modifier is prepared by the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Add 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl and N,N-dimethylformamide into a reactor, stir for 5-10 minutes at 0-4°C and 200-300r / min, then add anhydrous potassium carbonate into the reactor and continue stirring for 3-5 minutes, then drop 3-bromo-1-propylene into the reactor, react for 45-50 hours at 30-35°C after the dropwise addition, stir and mix the reaction product with the same volume of deionized water, then extract with ethyl acetate for 2-3 times, combine the organic phases and wash with saturated sodium chloride solution for 2-3 times, add anhydrous magnesium sulfate to remove water, and remove ethyl acetate by rotary evaporation to obtain an allyl-modified triphenyl monomer;

[0023] Step 2: Mix m-chloroperbenzoic acid and antioxidant 300 with dichloromethane in a mass ratio of 1:7:500 to obtain a mixed solution; add allyl modified triphenyl monomer and dichloromethane into a reactor, stir for 5-10 minutes at 0-4°C and 200-300r / min, then drop the mixed solution into the reactor, stir and react at 40-45°C for 45-50 hours after the dropwise addition, stand at -5°C for 8-10 hours, filter, wash the filtrate with a saturated sodium chloride solution until the last washing solution is neutral, add anhydrous magnesium sulfate to remove water, and remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain epoxy modified triphenyl monomer;

[0024] Step 3: Add epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer, 6-amino-1-hexanol and dichloromethane to the reactor, stir at 200-300 r / min for 5-10 min, adjust the pH value to 10 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then stir the reaction for 8-10 h under nitrogen protection, and remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a hydrophilic modifier.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 1, the usage ratio of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl, N,N-dimethylformamide, anhydrous potassium carbonate, and 3-bromo-1-propylene is 3.24 g: 50-60 mL: 5.53-6.64 g: 8.47 g.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 2, the dosage ratio of the allyl-modified triphenyl monomer, dichloromethane and m-chloroperbenzoic acid solution is 0.95-1 g: 10 mL: 40-45 mL.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 3, the mass ratio of epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer, 6-amino-1-hexanol and dichloromethane is 1:0.8-0.85:20-25.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] 1. The crop foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation process of the present invention is suitable for the application method of drone flight defense, and can quickly supplement the nutrients required for crop growth. Chelating agents can improve the utilization rate of some elements, diethylaminoethyl ester can promote cell division and growth of crops, and enzymatic amino acid solution and potassium humate can improve the stress resistance of crops.

[0030] Wetting agents help reduce the surface tension of leaves, promote the spreading of foliar fertilizer, increase the contact area between leaves and foliar fertilizer, and improve absorption efficiency; humectants help absorb and retain water, prolong the time that foliar fertilizer remains in liquid state on the leaves, leaf cells metabolize more actively in a humid environment, and nutrients in foliar fertilizer are more easily absorbed by leaves under liquid conditions, thereby improving the absorption and utilization rate of nutrients by crops; moisturizing aids help reduce the freezing temperature of foliar fertilizer for crops, enhance the humectant, and help keep the foliar fertilizer on the leaves moist.

[0031] 2. The crop foliar fertilizer used for drone spraying of the present invention can be applied to late-sown winter wheat. The temperature in the north is cold, and the temperature is low in the late tillering stage of late-sown winter wheat. The crop foliar fertilizer is added with a moisturizing adjuvant that reduces the freezing temperature. First, it ensures the fluidity of the crop foliar fertilizer under low temperature conditions (>-10°C), prevents it from crystallizing in the spraying equipment and clogging the equipment, and facilitates drones to spray the crop foliar fertilizer under low temperature conditions; second, it prevents the crop foliar fertilizer from condensing in the air after spraying, which helps to maintain its droplet state, helps the leaves of late-sown winter wheat to quickly absorb nutrients, promotes tillering, and thus increases the yield of late-sown winter wheat.

[0032] 3. The moisturizing aid of the present invention helps to inhibit the growth of ice crystals, thereby reducing the freezing temperature of the crop foliar fertilizer. Among them, the amphiphilic polymer is synthesized by RAFT polymerization, with the hydrophobic segment of poly(hexafluorobutyl acrylate) as the core and the hydrophilic segment of poly(methacrylic acid) as the outside, forming spherical polymer particles, which can be better adsorbed on the surface of crop leaves, thereby improving the moisturizing effect of the crop foliar fertilizer; the hydrophilic modifier contains a large number of hydroxyl groups and has strong hydrophilicity, which can play a "bridge" connection role for the amphiphilic polymer, thereby improving the water holding capacity and stability of the moisturizing aid in the crop foliar fertilizer; and the hydrophilic modifier can improve the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic segment of the moisturizing aid, which helps to adsorb more water molecules to form stable bound water, inhibit the growth of ice crystals, thereby reducing the freezing temperature, delaying freezing, and helping late-sown winter wheat to absorb nutrients at low temperatures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a process for preparing a foliar fertilizer for crops for drone spraying, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1: The meat and bone paste is obtained by pulping the aquatic scraps, and the meat and bone paste and clean water are added into a fermentation tank at a mass ratio of 1:5 and mixed evenly, and then a composite protease is added at a mass ratio of 0.1% of the meat and bone paste, and enzymolysis is performed at 50°C and a stirring speed of 120 r / min for 8 hours. The enzymolysis product is filtered through 100 mesh gauze, and the filtrate is collected to obtain an enzymolysis amino acid solution.

[0036] S2: 3.5 kg of DDMAT as a RAFT agent, 0.05 kg of azobiscyanovaleric acid as an initiator, 34.5 kg of methacrylic acid and 190 kg of dioxane were added to a reactor, stirred at 200 r / min for 10 min, and kept warm for 2 h at 70°C under nitrogen protection. Then 47 kg of hexafluorobutyl acrylate was added to the reactor and the reaction was continued for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was transferred to n-hexane for precipitation, filtered, and the filter cake was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and vacuum dried to obtain an amphiphilic polymer containing polymethacrylic acid as a hydrophilic block and polyhexafluorobutyl acrylate as a hydrophobic segment.

[0037] S3: 32.4 kg of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl and 500 L of N,N-dimethylformamide were added to a reactor, stirred at 0°C and 200 r / min for 5 min, 55.3 kg of anhydrous potassium carbonate was added to the reactor and stirred for 3 min, and then 84.7 kg of 3-bromo-1-propylene was added dropwise to the reactor. After the addition was completed, the reaction was carried out at 30°C by nucleophilic substitution for 45 h. The reaction product was stirred and mixed with the same volume of deionized water, and then extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined and washed twice with a saturated sodium chloride solution, anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added to remove water, and ethyl acetate was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain an allyl-modified triphenyl monomer.

[0038] S4: Mix meta-chloroperbenzoic acid and antioxidant 300 with dichloromethane in a mass ratio of 1:7:500 to obtain a mixed solution; add 19 kg of allyl-modified triphenyl monomer and 200 L of dichloromethane into a reactor, stir for 5 min at 0°C and 200 r / min, then drop 800 L of the mixed solution into the reactor, stir and react at 40°C for 45 h after the dropwise addition to epoxidize the allyl group, let stand at -5°C for 8 h, filter, wash the filtrate with a saturated sodium chloride solution until the last washing solution is neutral, add anhydrous magnesium sulfate to remove water, and remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer.

[0039] S5: Add 10 kg of epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer, 8 kg of 6-amino-1-hexanol and 200 kg of dichloromethane into the reactor, stir at 200 r / min for 5 min, adjust the pH value to 10 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then stir and react for 8 h under nitrogen protection to allow the epoxy group on the epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer and the amino group on the 6-amino-1-hexanol to undergo a ring-opening reaction, and remove the dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a hydrophilic modifier.

[0040] S6: Add 4 kg of amphiphilic polymer, 2.8 kg of CDI activator and 40 L of dioxane into the reactor, stir at 200 r / min under nitrogen protection for 1 hour to activate the carboxyl group in the amphiphilic polymer, then add 1.5 kg of hydrophilic modifier into the reactor, stir and react at 30°C for 10 hours, and the hydroxyl group at the end of the hydrophilic modifier and the carboxyl group in the amphiphilic polymer undergo esterification reaction. After the reaction, transfer the product into n-hexane for precipitation, filter, wash the filter cake twice with anhydrous ethanol, vacuum dry, crush, and pass through a 160-mesh sieve to obtain a moisturizing aid.

[0041] S7: Sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3 to obtain a moisturizer; 15 kg of potassium humate, 15 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 kg of ammonium molybdate, 5 kg of zinc sulfate, 8 kg of manganese sulfate and 900 L of water are added to a stirring tank, and stirred at 300 r / min for 3 min. Then 15 kg of a chelating agent is added to the stirring tank and stirring is continued for 3 min. Then 50 L of enzymatic amino acid solution, 0.5 kg of amine ester, 0.2 kg of lauroyl diethanolamine as a wetting agent, 3 kg as a moisturizer and 1.5 kg of a moisturizing aid are added to the stirring tank, and after stirring for 5 min, a foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone spraying is obtained.

[0042] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a process for preparing a foliar fertilizer for crops for drone spraying, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1: The meat and bone paste is obtained by pulping the aquatic scraps, and the meat and bone paste and clean water are added into a fermentation tank at a mass ratio of 1:5.5 and mixed evenly, and then a composite protease is added at a mass ratio of 0.15% of the meat and bone paste, and enzymolysis is performed at 52°C and a stirring speed of 150 r / min for 9 hours. The enzymolysis product is filtered through 100 mesh gauze, and the filtrate is collected to obtain an enzymolysis amino acid solution.

[0044] S2: 3.65 kg of DDMAT as a RAFT agent, 0.055 kg of azobiscyanovaleric acid as an initiator, 35 kg of methacrylic acid and 190 kg of dioxane were added to a reactor, stirred at 250 r / min for 12 min, and kept warm for reaction at 72°C under nitrogen protection for 2.2 h. Then 48.5 kg of hexafluorobutyl acrylate was added to the reactor and the reaction was continued for 2.3 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was transferred to n-hexane for precipitation, filtered, and the filter cake was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and vacuum dried to obtain an amphiphilic polymer containing polymethacrylic acid as a hydrophilic block and polyhexafluorobutyl acrylate as a hydrophobic segment.

[0045] S3: 32.4 kg of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl and 550 L of N,N-dimethylformamide were added to a reactor, stirred at 2°C and 250 r / min for 8 min, 60 kg of anhydrous potassium carbonate was added to the reactor and stirred for 4 min, and then 84.7 kg of 3-bromo-1-propylene was added dropwise to the reactor. After the addition was completed, the reaction was carried out at 32°C by nucleophilic substitution for 48 h. The reaction product was stirred and mixed with the same volume of deionized water, and then extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined and washed twice with a saturated sodium chloride solution, anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added to remove water, and ethyl acetate was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain an allyl-modified triphenyl monomer.

[0046] S4: Mix meta-chloroperbenzoic acid and antioxidant 300 with dichloromethane in a mass ratio of 1:7:500 to obtain a mixed solution; add 19.5 kg of allyl-modified triphenyl monomer and 200 L of dichloromethane into a reactor, stir for 8 min at 2°C and 250 r / min, then drop 850 L of the mixed solution into the reactor, stir and react at 42°C for 48 h after the addition is complete to epoxidize the allyl group, let stand at -5°C for 9 h, filter, wash the filtrate with a saturated sodium chloride solution until the last washing solution is neutral, add anhydrous magnesium sulfate to remove water, and remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer.

[0047] S5: Add 10 kg of epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer, 8.2 kg of 6-amino-1-hexanol and 230 kg of dichloromethane into the reactor, stir at 250 r / min for 8 min, adjust the pH value to 10 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then stir and react for 9 h under nitrogen protection to allow the epoxy group on the epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer and the amino group on the 6-amino-1-hexanol to undergo a ring-opening reaction, and remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a hydrophilic modifier.

[0048] S6: Add 4.2 kg of amphiphilic polymer, 2.9 kg of CDI activator and 40 L of dioxane to the reactor, stir for 1.2 h at 250 r / min under nitrogen protection to activate the carboxyl group in the amphiphilic polymer, then add 1.65 kg of hydrophilic modifier to the reactor, stir and react at 32 ° C for 11 h, and the hydroxyl group at the end of the hydrophilic modifier and the carboxyl group in the amphiphilic polymer undergo esterification reaction. After the reaction, transfer the product to n-hexane for precipitation, filter, wash the filter cake twice with anhydrous ethanol, vacuum dry, crush, and pass through a 160-mesh sieve to obtain a moisturizing aid.

[0049] S7: Sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3 to obtain a moisturizing agent; 18 kg of potassium humate, 18 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 kg of ammonium molybdate, 8 kg of zinc sulfate, 10 kg of manganese sulfate and 950 L of water are added to a stirring tank, and stirred at 400 r / min for 4 min. Then 17.5 kg of a chelating agent is added to the stirring tank and stirring is continued for 4 min. Then 65 L of enzymatic amino acid solution, 0.8 kg of amine ester, 0.25 kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether as a wetting agent, 4.5 kg as a moisturizing agent and 2.2 kg of a moisturizing aid are added to the stirring tank, and after stirring for 8 min, a foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone spraying is obtained.

[0050] Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides a process for preparing a foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone spraying, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1: The meat and bone paste is obtained by pulping the aquatic scraps, and the meat and bone paste and clean water are added into a fermentation tank at a mass ratio of 1:6 and mixed evenly, and then a composite protease is added at a mass ratio of 0.2% of the meat and bone paste, and enzymolysis is carried out at 55°C and a stirring speed of 180r / min for 10 hours. The enzymolysis product is filtered through 100-mesh gauze, and the filtrate is collected to obtain an enzymolysis amino acid solution.

[0052] S2: 3.8 kg of DDMAT as a RAFT agent, 0.06 kg of azobiscyanovaleric acid as an initiator, 36 kg of methacrylic acid and 190 kg of dioxane were added to a reactor, stirred at 300 r / min for 15 min, and kept warm for reaction at 75°C under nitrogen protection for 2.5 h. Then, 50 kg of hexafluorobutyl acrylate was added to the reactor and the reaction was continued for 2.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was transferred to n-hexane for precipitation, filtered, and the filter cake was washed 3 times with anhydrous ethanol and vacuum dried to obtain an amphiphilic polymer containing polymethacrylic acid as a hydrophilic block and polyhexafluorobutyl acrylate as a hydrophobic segment.

[0053] S3: 32.4 kg of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl and 600 L of N,N-dimethylformamide were added to a reactor, stirred at 4°C and 300 r / min for 10 min, 66.4 kg of anhydrous potassium carbonate was added to the reactor and stirred for 5 min, and then 84.7 kg of 3-bromo-1-propylene was added dropwise to the reactor. After the addition was completed, the reaction was carried out at 35°C by nucleophilic substitution for 50 h. The reaction product was stirred and mixed with the same volume of deionized water, and then extracted with ethyl acetate for 3 times. The organic phases were combined and washed with saturated sodium chloride solution for 3 times, anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added to remove water, and ethyl acetate was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain an allyl-modified triphenyl monomer.

[0054] S4: Mix m-chloroperbenzoic acid and antioxidant 300 with dichloromethane in a mass ratio of 1:7:500 to obtain a mixed solution; add 20 kg of allyl-modified triphenyl monomer and 200 L of dichloromethane into a reactor, stir for 10 min at 4°C and 300 r / min, then drop 900 L of the mixed solution into the reactor, stir and react at 45°C for 50 h after the dropwise addition to epoxidize the allyl group, let stand at -5°C for 10 h, filter, wash the filtrate with a saturated sodium chloride solution until the last washing solution is neutral, add anhydrous magnesium sulfate to remove water, and remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer.

[0055] S5: Add 10 kg of epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer, 8.5 kg of 6-amino-1-hexanol and 250 kg of dichloromethane into the reactor, stir at 300 r / min for 10 min, adjust the pH value to 10 with a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then stir and react for 10 h under nitrogen protection to allow the epoxy group on the epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer and the amino group on the 6-amino-1-hexanol to undergo a ring-opening reaction, and remove the dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a hydrophilic modifier.

[0056] S6: Add 4.5 kg of amphiphilic polymer, 3 kg of CDI activator and 40 L of dioxane into the reactor, stir at 300 r / min under nitrogen protection for 1.5 h to activate the carboxyl group in the amphiphilic polymer, then add 1.8 kg of hydrophilic modifier into the reactor, stir and react at 35°C for 12 h, and the hydroxyl group at the end of the hydrophilic modifier and the carboxyl group in the amphiphilic polymer undergo esterification reaction. After the reaction, transfer the product into n-hexane for precipitation, filter, wash the filter cake three times with anhydrous ethanol, vacuum dry, crush, and pass through a 160-mesh sieve to obtain a moisturizing aid.

[0057] S7: Sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3 to obtain a moisturizer; 20 kg of potassium humate, 20 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 kg of ammonium molybdate, 10 kg of zinc sulfate, 12 kg of manganese sulfate and 1000 L of water are added to a stirring tank, and stirred at 500 r / min for 5 min. Then, 20 kg of a chelating agent is added to the stirring tank and stirring is continued for 5 min. Then, 80 L of enzymatic amino acid solution, 1 kg of ethyl amine, 0.3 kg of diethanolamine of coconut oil as a wetting agent, 6 kg of a moisturizer and 3 kg of a moisturizing aid are added to the stirring tank, and after stirring for 10 min, a foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone spraying is obtained.

[0058] Comparative Example 1: Based on Example 3, no moisturizing aid is added in step S7, and the other steps remain unchanged to prepare foliar fertilizer for crops.

[0059] Comparative Example 2: Based on Example 3, in step S7, the moisturizing aid is replaced by the amphiphilic polymer in step S2, and the other steps remain unchanged to prepare a foliar fertilizer for crops.

[0060] Comparative Example 3: Based on Example 3, in step S7, the moisturizing aid is replaced by the hydrophilic modifier in step S5, and the other steps remain unchanged to prepare a foliar fertilizer for crops.

[0061] In the embodiments and comparative examples, the aquatic scraps were selected from hairtail heads, the composite protease was purchased from Anhui Tongchuang Fanxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl was purchased from Suzhou Kaifa New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the RAFT reagent DDMAT was purchased from Chengdu Aofei Biochemicals Co., Ltd.; and the CDI activator was purchased from Huaibei Deshang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0062] The ice inhibition performance of foliar fertilizers of different crops in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was tested:

[0063] Prepare 18 clean glass slides, add 5 μL of foliar fertilizers of different crops in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 respectively on different glass slides, and then cover with coverslips to obtain 6 groups of samples, and repeat each group of samples 3 times.

[0064] The temperature of the hot and cold table (HCS-1, Guanggu film) was maintained at 25°C, and then the samples in the embodiment and the comparative example were placed on the upper hot and cold table, respectively, and the temperature was lowered to 4°C at a rate of 100°C / min, and the samples were kept for 30 seconds to balance. The temperature was lowered to -120°C at a rate of 30°C / min, and each group was repeated 3 times. The freezing temperature of the foliar fertilizer for crops in different samples was observed under a microscope, and the data were recorded and averaged to evaluate the low temperature resistance of different foliar fertilizers for crops.

[0065] The results are shown in Table 1:

[0066] Table 1

[0067] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Freezing temperature (℃) -10.3 -10.8 -10.6 -3.6 -6.9 -3.8

[0068] As can be seen from Table 1, the foliar fertilizers for crops in Examples 1 to 3 can reduce the freezing temperature after adding the moisturizing aid, have good low temperature resistance, and meet the requirements of using foliar fertilizers for crops at lower temperatures. Comparative Examples 1 to 3 show that the amphiphilic polymer plays a major role in ice inhibition, the hydrophilic modifier contains a large number of hydrophilic groups, and can play a "bridge" role in connecting the amphiphilic polymer, thereby improving the water holding capacity and stability of the moisturizing aid in the foliar fertilizer for crops, and helping to absorb more bound water, further improving its role in reducing the freezing temperature.

[0069] The fertilizer efficiency of foliar fertilizers of different crops in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was tested:

[0070] In Qiaocheng District, Bozhou City, Anhui Province, 70 mu of contiguous farmland with the same soil properties were selected. After 25 tillage operations, 1500 kg / mu of fermented manure, 25 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate and 10 kg / mu of urea were applied as base fertilizers. Winter wheat (variety: Wankenmai 22) was sown in early November 2022 with a sowing rate of 15 kg / mu. The winter wheat sown under this mode is late-sown winter wheat, with a small number of tillers and relatively scarce wheat seedlings.

[0071] 700 mu of farmland was divided into 7 pieces of the same size, each with 10 mu. One piece was sprayed with water as a blank control, and the other 6 pieces were respectively applied with 10 times diluted crop foliar fertilizer in Example 1-Example 3 and Comparative Example 1-Comparative Example 3. From late December to early January of the following year, topdressing was sprayed by drone flight defense, once every 10 days, after 4 pm on the same day (to avoid excessive evaporation of water and fertilizer due to sunny and hot weather), and a total of 4 sprays, each spraying amount was 30 kg / mu. Normal water and fertilizer management was carried out after the winter wheat turned green. After the harvest in early June, the yield of wheat in each farmland was recorded to evaluate the fertilizer efficiency of foliar fertilizers for different crops.

[0072] The results are shown in Table 2:

[0073] Table 2

[0074] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Blank control Yield (kg / mu) 687 679 682 645 658 643 605

[0075] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the blank control, the application of the crop foliar fertilizer in Examples 1 to 3 helps to increase the per-acre yield of winter wheat. The yield in Comparative Example 1 decreased because the average temperature in the test area from late December to early January of the following year was below 0°C, the lowest temperature in early January reached -7.1°C, and the temperature dropped in the evening. The moisturizing adjuvant helps to lower the freezing point of the crop foliar fertilizer, avoid condensation of fine droplets sprayed by drones, ensure the absorption of nutrients by winter wheat leaves, and enable winter wheat to quickly supplement nutrition.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A preparation process for crop foliar fertilizer for drone flight control, characterized in that: The steps include: The aquatic scraps are pulped to obtain meat and bone paste, the meat and bone paste and clean water are added into a fermentation tank at a mass ratio of 1:5-6 and mixed evenly, and then a composite protease is added at a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2% of the meat and bone paste, and enzymolysis is performed at 50-55° C. and a stirring speed of 120-180 r / min for 8-10 hours, and the enzymolysis product is filtered through a 100-mesh gauze, and the filtrate is collected to obtain an enzymolysis amino acid solution; Add potassium humate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and water into a stirring kettle, stir at 300-500 r / min for 3-5 minutes, then add a chelating agent into the stirring kettle and continue stirring for 3-5 minutes, then add an enzymatic amino acid solution, aminoethyl ester, a wetting agent, a moisturizing agent and a moisturizing aid, stir for 5-10 minutes to obtain a crop foliar fertilizer for drone flight control; The moisturizing agent is prepared by mixing sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2:3; The moisturizing aid is prepared by the following steps: DDMAT, azobiscyanovaleric acid, methacrylic acid and dioxane are added to a reaction kettle, stirred at 200-300 r / min for 10-15 min, kept warm for reaction at 70-75° C. under nitrogen protection for 2-2.5 h, then hexafluorobutyl acrylate is added to continue the reaction for 2-2.5 h, the product is transferred to n-hexane for precipitation, filtered, the filter cake is washed with anhydrous ethanol for 2-3 times, and vacuum dried to obtain an amphiphilic polymer; the dosage ratio of DDMAT, azobiscyanovaleric acid, methacrylic acid, dioxane and hexafluorobutyl acrylate is 3.5-3.8 g: 0.05-0.06 g: 34.5-36 g: 190 g: 47-50 g; 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl and N,N-dimethylformamide are added to a reactor, stirred at 0-4°C and 200-300r / min for 5-10min, anhydrous potassium carbonate is added and stirred for 3-5min, and then 3-bromo-1-propylene is added dropwise to the reactor. After the addition is complete, the reaction is carried out at 30-35°C for 45-50h, the reaction product is stirred and mixed with the same volume of deionized water, extracted with ethyl acetate 2-3 times, the organic phases are combined and washed with saturated sodium chloride solution 2-3 times, dehydrated with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and ethyl acetate is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain an allyl modified triphenyl monomer; the amount ratio of the 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl, N,N-dimethylformamide, anhydrous potassium carbonate, and 3-bromo-1-propylene is 3.24g:50-60mL:5.53-6.64g:8.47g; The m-chloroperbenzoic acid and antioxidant 300 are mixed with dichloromethane in a mass ratio of 1:7:500 to obtain a mixed solution; the allyl-modified triphenyl monomer and dichloromethane are added to a reactor, stirred at 0-4°C and 200-300r / min for 5-10min, and then the mixed solution is added dropwise to the reactor, and after the addition is completed, the reaction is stirred at 40-45°C for 45-50h, and then allowed to stand at -5°C for 8-10h, filtered, and the filtrate is washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution until the last washing solution is neutral, and water is removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and dichloromethane is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain an epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer; the dosage ratio of the allyl-modified triphenyl monomer, dichloromethane and m-chloroperbenzoic acid solution is 0.95-1g:10mL:40-45mL; Add epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer, 6-amino-1-hexanol and dichloromethane into a reaction kettle, stir at 200-300 r / min for 5-10 min, adjust the pH value to 10 with a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L, then stir and react for 8-10 h under nitrogen protection, and remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a hydrophilic modifier; the mass ratio of the epoxy-modified triphenyl monomer, 6-amino-1-hexanol and dichloromethane is 1:0.8-0.85:20-25; Add an amphiphilic polymer, a CDI activator and dioxane to a reaction kettle, stir at 200-300 r / min under nitrogen protection for 1-1.5 hours, then add a hydrophilic modifier, stir and react at 30-35° C. for 10-12 hours, transfer the product to n-hexane for precipitation, filter, wash the filter cake with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, vacuum dry, crush, and pass through a 160-mesh sieve to obtain a moisturizing aid; The usage ratio of the amphiphilic polymer, the CDI activator, the dioxane and the hydrophilic modifier is 4-4.5 g: 2.8-3 g: 40 mL: 1.5-1.8 g.

2. The preparation process of a crop foliar fertilizer for drone spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of the enzymatic amino acid solution, potassium humate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelating agent, aminoethyl ester, wetting agent, moisturizing agent, moisturizing auxiliary agent and water is 50-80mL: 15-20g: 15-20g: 5-10g: 5-10g: 8-12g: 15-20g: 0.5-1g: 0.2-0.3g: 3-6g: 1.5-3g: 900-1000mL.

3. The preparation process of the crop foliar fertilizer for drone spraying according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wetting agent is any one of lauroyl diethanolamine, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and coconut acid diethanolamine.

4. A foliar fertilizer for crops used for drone spraying, characterized in that: The fertilizer is prepared by the preparation process of a foliar fertilizer for crop spraying by unmanned aerial vehicles as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. Application of the crop foliar fertilizer for drone spraying according to claim 4 during the tillering period of late-sown winter wheat.