A shear test drive cylinder

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of shear test, and specifically to a shear test driving cylinder, comprising a splitting mechanism for providing a test environment, a fixing seat, and an external mechanism, wherein the external mechanism is provided with a fixing seat for mounting a test block, a splitting mechanism for splitting the test block is provided on the upper side of the fixing seat, a cylinder mechanism for providing power is installed on the upper end of the splitting mechanism, and also comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the internal sealing environment of the cylinder mechanism and providing stress release for the cylinder mechanism, wherein the cylinder mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a sealing plug is provided at the bottom opening of the cylinder body, a piston rod passes through the sealing plug and is connected to a pressure piston assembly located at the center position inside the cylinder body, so as to solve the technical problem that during a shear test in a high-pressure environment, when the bottom concrete instantly collapses, the piston part inside the top pressure cylinder instantly loses pressure, causing a water hammer effect of oil, resulting in an instantaneous impact force, causing damage to the sealing ring of the piston part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of shear tests, and in particular to a shear test driving oil cylinder. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of bridges and other civil engineering projects, various tests need to be carried out on the concrete used for construction to ensure that the strength of the concrete meets various construction requirements and usage requirements. In the concrete shear test, the cylinder of the shear test device may encounter the following problems during operation: leakage, unstable pressure, excessive temperature, gas mixing, wear, vibration and noise. In the use of high-pressure cylinders, various industries have also optimized them in the face of these problems.

[0003] In contrast, a Chinese invention with publication number CN112834327A discloses a shear test preload loading device and loading method, which assists the stability and pressure maintenance of the internal piston through external components. However, in actual use, it is often found that the oil cylinder will lose pressure instantly due to the instantaneous cracking of concrete. Although the electronic component can stop the pressure supply instantly after the pressure loss, the compressibility of the hydraulic oil itself will cause instantaneous impact force, and the piston and sealing ring will leak due to wear during continuous use. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a shear test driving cylinder to solve the technical problem that when the bottom concrete instantly collapses during a shear test in a high-pressure environment, the piston part inside the top pressure cylinder loses pressure instantly, causing a water hammer effect of the oil and causing instantaneous impact force, which causes damage to the sealing ring of the piston part.

[0005] A shear test drive cylinder of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: it includes a splitting mechanism for providing a test environment, a fixing seat, and an external mechanism, the external mechanism is provided with a fixing seat for mounting a test block, the upper side of the fixing seat is provided with a splitting mechanism for splitting the test block, the upper end of the splitting mechanism is provided with a cylinder mechanism for providing power, and also includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the internal sealing environment of the cylinder mechanism and providing stress release for the cylinder mechanism, the cylinder mechanism includes a cylinder body, a sealing plug is provided at the bottom opening of the cylinder body, and a piston rod passes through the sealing plug to connect to a pressure piston assembly located at the center position inside the cylinder body;

[0006] The pressure piston assembly includes a pressure piston and a matching piston, a boost seal ring and a first seal ring are installed on the outside of the pressure piston, the boost seal ring is located on the upper side of the first seal ring, the pressure piston is provided with a mounting groove for installing the boost seal ring and the first seal ring, the adjustment mechanism is installed between the pressure piston and the matching piston, the adjustment mechanism includes an impact block and an extrusion block, the bottom of the impact block is fixedly connected to the pressure piston, a groove for accommodating the impact block and the extrusion block is formed inside the matching piston, the outside of the impact block is connected to the pressure piston through a torsion component, the impact block causes a torsion deviation between the pressure piston and the matching piston through the torsion component, so that a gap is generated between the pressure piston and the matching piston, and an adjustment component is provided on the top of the extrusion block to eliminate high-pressure oil pulses and improve the sealing effect of the boost seal ring through the torsion component.

[0007] Furthermore, the torsion assembly includes a limit block and a limit groove, the limit block is arranged in a circular array on the outside of the impact block, and a limit groove matching the limit block is formed inside the pressure piston, and the limit groove is a spiral groove structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes a pressure spring piece, a pressure chamber, a connecting tube cavity, and an extrusion rubber ring. The pressure spring piece is arranged on the top of the pressure piston, and the pressure spring piece is connected to the pressure piston by welding. A pressure chamber is arranged between the pressure spring piece and the pressure piston. An extrusion groove is arranged on the inner side of the installation groove of the boost sealing ring. The extrusion rubber ring is embedded in the extrusion groove, and the extrusion groove and the pressure chamber are connected through a connecting tube cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, there are four connecting cavities, which are uniformly arrayed inside the pressurized piston.

[0010] Furthermore, four limit blocks are provided and are evenly arranged outside the impact block, and the spiral swing angle of the limit groove is 5°.

[0011] Furthermore, the limit block and the matching piston are integrally formed, the matching piston is connected to the piston rod via threads, a second sealing ring is installed on the outside of the matching piston, and a mounting groove for mounting the second sealing ring is formed on the matching piston.

[0012] Furthermore, the boost seal ring is a V-shaped seal ring, and the first seal ring is an O-shaped seal ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing piston and the matching piston are both made of stainless steel, and the pressure-bearing spring sheet is made of stainless steel.

[0014] Furthermore, when the extrusion block and the impact block are located at the initial positions, the compressed spring piece is supported by the extrusion block, and at this time, the surface of the compressed spring piece is in a horizontal state.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the piston rod is connected to a connecting block of the splitting mechanism, the bottom of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a splitting block, and the splitting block is a horizontally placed cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention uses an adjusting component installed inside the pressure piston. When the oil cylinder is pressurized, the reverse force provided by the bottom concrete is transmitted to the matching piston through the piston rod, so that the fixed cylinder and the lifting and adjusting cylinder support the pressure spring piece, and the oil pressure inside the pressure chamber is squeezed by the lifting and adjusting cylinder, and the booster sealing ring is supported from the inside to the outside through the connecting tube cavity and the extrusion rubber ring, so that the sealing between the pressure piston and the oil cylinder body through the booster sealing ring is stronger, thereby ensuring that there is no pressure loss. When the bottom pressure disappears instantly, the top oil pressure can be timely controlled by electronic components. There will be a water hammer effect. At this time, because the cooperative piston loses the support of the piston rod and sinks, it also drives the impact block and the extrusion block to sink, then the compressed spring piece becomes concave, providing instantaneous release space for the oil and reducing the impact of water hammer. In addition, because the impact block sinks by rotating the torsion assembly when sinking, after sinking, it will provide a falling spiral force to the compressed piston in the reverse direction through the limit block. The spiral force is transmitted to the boost seal ring that loses internal pressurization through the pressurized piston, which will drive the boost seal ring to rotate a small amount, avoiding continuous friction of the boost seal ring at the same position inside the cylinder body, thereby increasing the life of the boost seal ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a shear test driving cylinder of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cylinder body of an embodiment of a shear test driving cylinder of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cylinder body of an embodiment of a shear test driving cylinder of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure piston assembly of an embodiment of a shear test drive cylinder of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a shear test driving cylinder embodiment of the present invention when the pressure piston assembly is tightly matched;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a shear test driving cylinder embodiment of the present invention when the pressure piston assembly is separated and matched;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a pressure piston assembly of an embodiment of a shear test driving cylinder of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a front view of a pressure piston assembly of an embodiment of a shear test driving oil cylinder of the present invention when it is separated and matched;

[0026] Fig. 9 A front view of a shear test driving cylinder embodiment of the present invention when the pressure piston assembly is tightly fitted;

[0027] Fig.10 A top view of an extruded rubber ring of an embodiment of a shear test driving cylinder of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Cylinder mechanism; 2. Splitting mechanism; 3. Test block; 4. Fixed seat; 5. External mechanism; 6. Adjustment mechanism; 11. Cylinder body; 12. Piston rod; 13. Pressure piston assembly; 14. Sealing plug; 131. Pressure piston; 132. Matching piston; 15. Pressurization sealing ring; 16. First sealing ring; 17. Second sealing ring; 21. Connecting block; 22. Splitting block; 61. Impact block; 62. Extrusion block; 63. Pressure spring piece; 64. Pressure chamber; 65. Limit block; 66. Limit groove; 67. Connecting tube chamber; 68. Extrusion rubber ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] An embodiment of a shear test driving cylinder of the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 10As shown, it includes a splitting mechanism 2 for providing a test environment, a fixing seat 4, and an external mechanism 5. The external mechanism 5 is provided with a fixing seat 4 for mounting a test block 3. The fixing seat 4 is provided on the upper side of the splitting mechanism 2 for splitting the test block 3. A cylinder mechanism 1 for providing power is installed on the upper end of the splitting mechanism 2. It also includes an adjusting mechanism 6 for adjusting the internal sealing environment of the cylinder mechanism 1 and providing stress release for the cylinder mechanism 1. The cylinder mechanism 1 includes a cylinder body 11. A sealing plug 14 is provided at the bottom opening of the cylinder body 11. A piston rod 12 passes through the sealing plug 14 and is connected to a pressure piston assembly 13 located at the center of the cylinder body 11.

[0031] The pressure piston assembly 13 includes a pressure piston 131 and a matching piston 132. A boost seal 15 and a first seal 16 are installed on the outside of the pressure piston 131. The boost seal 15 is located on the upper side of the first seal 16. The pressure piston 131 is provided with an installation groove for installing the boost seal 15 and the first seal 16. The adjustment mechanism 6 is installed between the pressure piston 131 and the matching piston 132. The adjustment mechanism 6 includes an impact block 61 and an extrusion block 62. The pressure piston 131 is fixed to the bottom of the impact block 61. A groove for accommodating the impact block 61 and the extrusion block 62 is formed inside the matching piston 132. The outside of the impact block 61 is connected to the pressure piston 131 through a torsion component. The impact block 61 causes a torsion deviation between the pressure piston 131 and the matching piston 132 through the torsion component, so that a gap is generated between the pressure piston 131 and the matching piston 132. An adjustment component is provided on the top of the extrusion block 62 to eliminate high-pressure oil pulses and improve the sealing effect of the boost seal 15 through the torsion component.

[0032] Furthermore, the torsion assembly includes a limit block 65 and a limit groove 66. The limit blocks 65 are arranged in a circular array on the outside of the impact block 61. The pressure piston 131 is internally formed with a limit groove 66 that cooperates with the limit block 65. The limit groove 66 is a spiral groove structure. When the limit block 65 is pulled downward by the impact block 61 inside the limit groove 66, the limit block 65 can be restricted by the limit groove 66, and reversely provide a torsional force to the impact block 61 and the cooperating piston 132, thereby causing the impact block 61 and the cooperating piston 132 to rotate when sinking.

[0033] Furthermore, the regulating assembly includes a pressure spring piece 63, a pressure chamber 64, a connecting tube cavity 67, and an extrusion rubber ring 68. The pressure spring piece 63 is arranged on the top of the pressure piston 131, and the pressure spring piece 63 is connected to the pressure piston 131 by welding. A pressure chamber 64 is arranged between the pressure spring piece 63 and the pressure piston 131, and an extrusion groove is arranged on the inner side of the mounting groove of the boost seal ring 15. The extrusion rubber ring 68 is embedded and installed in the extrusion groove. The extrusion groove and the pressure chamber 64 are connected through the connecting tube cavity 67. When the impact block 61 and the extrusion block 62 move upward and squeeze, pressure is provided to the oil in the pressure chamber 64 and the pressure spring piece 63, so that the pressure spring piece 63 is squeezed and flattened. At the same time, the oil pressure is transmitted to the extrusion rubber ring 68 through the connecting tube cavity 67. The extrusion rubber ring 68 applies pressure to the inner side of the boost seal ring 15, thereby improving the extrusion sealing effect between the boost seal ring 15 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 11.

[0034] Furthermore, four connecting cavities 67 are provided and are uniformly arrayed inside the pressure piston 131 .

[0035] Furthermore, four limiting blocks 65 are provided and are evenly arranged outside the impact block 61, and the spiral swing angle of the limiting groove 66 is 5°.

[0036] Furthermore, the limit block 65 and the matching piston 132 are integrally formed, the matching piston 132 is connected to the piston rod 12 via threads, a second sealing ring 17 is installed on the outside of the matching piston 132, and a mounting groove for mounting the second sealing ring 17 is formed on the matching piston 132.

[0037] Furthermore, the boost seal ring 15 is a V-shaped seal ring, and the first seal ring 16 is an O-shaped seal ring.

[0038] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing piston 131 and the matching piston 132 are both made of stainless steel, and the pressure-bearing spring piece 63 is also made of stainless steel.

[0039] Furthermore, when the squeezing block 62 and the impact block 61 are located at the initial positions, the compressed spring piece 63 is supported by the squeezing block 62 , and at this time, the surface of the compressed spring piece 63 is in a horizontal state.

[0040] Furthermore, the bottom of the piston rod 12 is connected to the connecting block 21 of the splitting mechanism 2 , and the bottom of the connecting block 21 is fixedly connected with a splitting block 22 , which is a horizontally placed cylinder.

[0041] The working principle is as follows: at the initial stage of the equipment, the external oil pump is started to apply pressure to the inside of the oil cylinder 11, and the oil pressure on the upper part of the oil cylinder 11 squeezes the pressure piston assembly 13 to sink, and the pressure piston assembly 13 drives the piston rod 12 and the splitting mechanism 2 at the bottom to move downward to shear and pressurize the test block 3. At this time, because the bottom test block 3 reversely provides pressure to the piston rod 12 and the pressure piston assembly 13, the pressure at the upper and lower ends is balanced, and the pressure piston 131 squeezes the impact block 61 and the extrusion block 62. The impact block 61 and the extrusion block 62 are restricted by the limit block 65 and the limit groove 66, and rotate and twist to shrink into the inside of the pressure piston 131. At the same time, the top of the extrusion block 62 squeezes the pressure spring piece 63, so that the pressure spring piece 63 is in a straight state;

[0042] The test is continued, and during the extrusion process, the oil pressure is transmitted to the extrusion rubber ring 68 through the connecting tube cavity 67, and the extrusion rubber ring 68 applies pressure to the inner side of the booster seal ring 15, thereby improving the extrusion sealing effect between the booster seal ring 15 and the inner wall of the oil cylinder body 11;

[0043] When the test block 3 collapses instantly, the bottom splitting mechanism 2 and the piston rod 12 lose pressure instantly, and the piston rod 12 sinks instantly. At the same time, because the sensor (existing technology, not shown) detects the collapse of the test block 3, it stops applying pressure to the inside of the oil cylinder body 11, and the oil pump stops applying oil for an instant. At the same time, the bottom of the piston 132 loses pressure instantly, causing the high-pressure oil on the top of the pressurized piston 131 to stop instantly. However, the internally squeezed oil pressure has a certain amount of compression due to the initial high-pressure squeezing, and needs to be released at this time.

[0044] At this time, because the piston rod 12 pulls the matching piston 132, the impact block 61 and the extrusion block 62 to sink, the compressed spring piece 63 loses the support of the internal extrusion block 62 and becomes concave, which just provides a release space for the upper part to reduce the impact of water hammer. In addition, because the impact block 61 sinks by rotating the torsion assembly when sinking, it will provide a downward spiral force to the compressed piston 131 through the limit block 65 after sinking. The spiral force is transmitted to the boost seal ring 15 that has lost internal pressurization through the compressed piston 131, which will drive the boost seal ring 15 to rotate a small amount, so that the friction surface between the boost seal ring 15 and the cylinder body 11 next time is different from the friction surface of the previous time, thereby avoiding continuous friction between the boost seal ring 15 at the same position inside the cylinder body 11, thereby improving the life of the boost seal ring 15.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shear test drive cylinder, comprising a splitting mechanism (2) for providing a test environment, a fixing seat (4), and an external mechanism (5), wherein the external mechanism (5) is provided with a fixing seat (4) for mounting a test block (3), the fixing seat (4) is provided on the upper side of the splitting mechanism (2) for splitting the test block (3), and the splitting mechanism (2) is provided on the upper end of the splitting mechanism (2) for providing power, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment mechanism (6) for adjusting the internal sealing environment of the cylinder mechanism (1) and providing stress relief for the cylinder mechanism (1), wherein the cylinder mechanism (1) includes a cylinder body (11), a sealing plug (14) is provided at the bottom opening of the cylinder body (11), and a piston rod (12) passes through the sealing plug (14) and is connected to a pressure piston assembly (13) located at the center of the cylinder body (11); The pressure piston assembly (13) comprises a pressure-bearing piston (131) and a matching piston (132); a booster seal ring (15) and a first seal ring (16) are installed on the outside of the pressure-bearing piston (131); the booster seal ring (15) is located on the upper side of the first seal ring (16); a mounting groove for mounting the booster seal ring (15) and the first seal ring (16) is provided on the pressure-bearing piston (131); the adjustment mechanism (6) is installed between the pressure-bearing piston (131) and the matching piston (132); the adjustment mechanism (6) comprises an impact block (61) and an extrusion block (62); the bottom of the impact block (61) is fixed The pressure-bearing piston (131) is connected to the mating piston (132), and a groove for accommodating the impact block (61) and the extrusion block (62) is formed inside the mating piston (132). The impact block (61) is connected to the pressure-bearing piston (131) via a torsion assembly. The impact block (61) causes a torsion deviation between the pressure-bearing piston (131) and the mating piston (132) through the torsion assembly, thereby generating a gap between the pressure-bearing piston (131) and the mating piston (132). The top of the extrusion block (62) is provided with an adjustment assembly for eliminating high-pressure oil pulses and improving the sealing effect of the boost seal ring (15) through the torsion assembly.

2. A shear test drive cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion assembly comprises a limit block (65) and a limit groove (66); the limit blocks (65) are arranged in a circumferential array outside the impact block (61); the pressure-bearing piston (131) is internally formed with a limit groove (66) that matches the limit block (65); the limit groove (66) is a spiral groove structure.

3. A shear test drive cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating assembly comprises a pressure-bearing spring piece (63), a pressure-bearing chamber (64), a connecting tube chamber (67), and an extrusion rubber ring (68). The pressure-bearing spring piece (63) is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing piston (131). The pressure-bearing spring piece (63) is connected to the pressure-bearing piston (131) by welding. A pressure-bearing chamber (64) is arranged between the pressure-bearing spring piece (63) and the pressure-bearing piston (131). An extrusion groove is arranged on the inner side of the mounting groove of the booster sealing ring (15). The extrusion rubber ring (68) is embedded in the extrusion groove. The extrusion groove and the pressure-bearing chamber (64) are connected via the connecting tube chamber (67).

4. A shear test drive cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting tube cavities (67) are provided in four numbers and are formed in a uniform array inside the pressure-bearing piston (131).

5. The shear test driving cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four limit blocks (65) are provided and are evenly arranged outside the impact block (61); the spiral swing angle of the limit groove (66) is 5°.

6. A shear test drive cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limit block (65) and the matching piston (132) are integrally formed; the matching piston (132) is connected to the piston rod (12) via a thread; a second sealing ring (17) is installed on the outside of the matching piston (132); and a mounting groove for mounting the second sealing ring (17) is formed on the matching piston (132).

7. The shear test driving cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boost seal ring (15) is a V-shaped seal ring, and the first seal ring (16) is an O-shaped seal ring.

8. The shear test driving cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing piston (131) and the matching piston (132) are both made of stainless steel, and the pressure-bearing spring sheet (63) is also made of stainless steel.

9. A shear test driving cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the extrusion block (62) and the impact block (61) are located at the initial positions, the compressed spring sheet (63) is supported by the extrusion block (62), and at this time, the surface of the compressed spring sheet (63) is in a horizontal state.

10. The shear test driving cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the piston rod (12) is connected to a connecting block (21) of the splitting mechanism (2), the bottom of the connecting block (21) is fixedly connected to a splitting block (22), and the splitting block (22) is a horizontally placed cylinder.

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