Power supply reverse connection protection circuit, electronic device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a power supply reverse connection protection circuit, an electronic device and a method. The circuit comprises a first terminal and a second terminal which are used for being connected with a power supply to provide voltage difference for a circuit to be supplied with power; a first switch module, a second switch module, a third switch module and a fourth switch module; the voltage detection module comprises two power supply ends which are respectively connected with the first terminal and the second terminal; the control ends of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module and the fourth switch module are respectively connected with the voltage detection module; when a power supply is positively connected, the first switch module and the second switch module are switched on, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are switched off; and when the power supply is reversely connected, the first switch module and the second switch module are switched off, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are switched on. Under the condition that the power supply is reversely connected, the circuit can be automatically switched to a correct power supply state, the circuit to be powered is ensured to be powered, and the adaptability and the stability of the circuit are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of integrated circuit design, and in particular to a power reverse connection protection circuit, an electronic device and a method. Background Art

[0002] As electronic products continue to become increasingly intelligent and digital, the reliability and flexibility of chips, as core components of these products, have become increasingly important. In various application scenarios, chips may encounter reverse power connection, which can not only easily damage the device but also affect data integrity and system stability.

[0003] To address the issue of reverse power connection, a low-on-resistance diode is typically connected in series between the power supply and ground. This prevents the diode from conducting when the power is reversed, thus protecting the chip. Alternatively, a MOSFET is used as a switch. When the power is reversed, the MOSFET turns off, cutting off the power supply. However, these protection methods prevent the chip from functioning properly in reverse power conditions. Therefore, ensuring that the chip remains functional despite reverse power connection is a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application solve the technical problem in the prior art that the chip cannot work normally when the power is reversed by providing a power reverse connection protection circuit, electronic device and method, and ensure that the chip can still work normally when the power is reversed.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power reverse connection protection circuit, comprising: The first terminal and the second terminal are used to be connected to a power source to provide a voltage difference to the circuit to be powered; a first switch module, a second switch module, a third switch module, and a fourth switch module, wherein the first end of the first switch module and the first end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the first terminal, the second end of the first switch module and the first end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, the first end of the second switch module and the second end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the second end of the second switch module and the second end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the second terminal; The voltage detection module includes two power supply terminals connected to the first terminal and the second terminal respectively; the control terminals of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the voltage detection module; When the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned on, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned off; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned off, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned on.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the voltage detection module includes a first signal output terminal and a second signal output terminal, and the signal directions of the first signal output terminal and the second signal output terminal are opposite; The first signal output terminal is respectively connected to the high potential control terminal of the first switch module, the high potential control terminal of the second switch module, the low potential control terminal of the third switch module, and the low potential control terminal of the fourth switch module; The second signal output end is respectively connected to the low potential control end of the first switch module, the low potential control end of the second switch module, the high potential control end of the third switch module, and the high potential control end of the fourth switch module.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the voltage detection module includes: a first diode and a second diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal; a bidirectional voltage regulator diode, with two ends thereof connected to the cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode respectively; The first inverter and the second inverter are respectively connected in parallel to the two ends of the bidirectional voltage regulator diode. The output end of the first inverter is connected to the first signal output end, and the output end of the second inverter is connected to the second output end.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module are gate devices.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, when the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the first signal output terminal outputs a high level and the second signal output terminal outputs a low level; when the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first signal output terminal outputs a low level and the second signal output terminal outputs a high level.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, each of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module includes an NMOS transistor and a PMOS transistor arranged in parallel; The gate of the NMOS transistor of the first switch module and the gate of the NMOS transistor of the second switch module are both connected to the first signal output terminal, and the gate of the PMOS transistor of the first switch module and the gate of the PMOS transistor of the second switch module are both connected to the second signal output terminal; The gate of the NMOS tube of the third switch module and the gate of the NMOS tube of the fourth switch module are both connected to the second signal output end, and the gate of the PMOS tube of the third switch module and the gate of the PMOS tube of the fourth switch module are both connected to the first signal output end.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, each of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module includes an NPN transistor and a PNP transistor arranged in parallel; The base of the NPN transistor of the first switch module and the base of the NPN transistor of the second switch module are both connected to the first signal output terminal, and the base of the PNP transistor of the first switch module and the base of the PNP transistor of the second switch module are both connected to the second signal output terminal; The base of the NPN transistor of the third switch module and the base of the NPN transistor of the fourth switch module are both connected to the second signal output end, and the base of the PNP transistor of the third switch module and the base of the PNP transistor of the fourth switch module are both connected to the first signal output end.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the voltage detection module includes a first signal output terminal, a second signal output terminal, a third signal output terminal, and a fourth signal output terminal; When the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the first signal output terminal outputs a high level, the second signal output terminal outputs a low level, the third signal output terminal outputs a low level, and the fourth signal output terminal outputs a high level; When the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first signal output terminal outputs a low level, the second signal output terminal outputs a high level, the third signal output terminal outputs a high level, and the fourth signal output terminal outputs a low level; The first signal output terminal is respectively connected to the high potential control terminal of the first switch module and the high potential control terminal of the second switch module; The second signal output terminal is connected to the low potential control terminal of the first switch module and the low potential control terminal of the second switch module respectively; The third signal output terminal is respectively connected to the high potential control terminal of the third switch module and the high potential control terminal of the fourth switch module; The fourth signal output terminal is connected to the low potential control terminal of the fourth switch module and the low potential control terminal of the fourth switch module respectively.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a power reverse connection protection circuit as provided in the first aspect.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application provides a method, applied to a power reverse connection protection circuit as provided in the first aspect, the method comprising: After the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to the power supply, the voltage detection module inputs corresponding control signals to the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module respectively; When the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the control signal of the voltage detection module controls the first switch module and the second switch module to be turned on, and controls the third switch module and the fourth switch module to be turned off, so as to supply power to the circuit to be powered; When the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the control signal of the voltage detection module controls the first switch module and the second switch module to be turned off, and controls the third switch module and the fourth switch module to be turned on to supply power to the circuit to be powered.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: An embodiment of the present application provides a power reverse connection protection circuit, comprising: a first terminal and a second terminal, for connecting to a power supply to provide a voltage difference for a circuit to be powered; a first switch module, a second switch module, a third switch module, and a fourth switch module, wherein the first end of the first switch module and the first end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the first terminal, the second end of the first switch module and the first end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, the first end of the second switch module and the second end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the second end of the second switch module and the second end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the second terminal; a voltage detection module, comprising two power supply terminals, respectively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal; control terminals of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the voltage detection module; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned on, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned off; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned off, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned on. It can be seen that the power reverse connection protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can automatically adjust the voltage direction when the power supply is reversed, switch the circuit to be powered to the correct power supply state, and ensure that the circuit to be powered can work normally. It not only reduces the probability of failure of the circuit to be powered due to reverse power connection, saves the maintenance and replacement cost of the circuit to be powered, but also increases the probability of the circuit to be powered to maintain normal operation, enhances the circuit's adaptability to the power supply, and improves the stability of the circuit to be powered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1a This is the circuit schematic diagram of the resistance type protection in the traditional protection circuit design; Figure 1b This is the circuit schematic diagram of diode type protection in traditional protection circuit design; Figure 1c This is the circuit schematic diagram of MOS tube type protection in traditional protection circuit design; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a control flow of a power reverse connection protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A circuit schematic diagram of a power reverse connection protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A circuit schematic diagram of a voltage detection module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A circuit schematic diagram of another power reverse connection protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A circuit schematic diagram of another voltage detection module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A circuit schematic diagram of a switch module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A circuit schematic diagram of another switch module provided in an embodiment of the present application; In the accompanying drawings: 11, first terminal; 12, second terminal; 1, first switch module; 2, second switch module; 3, third switch module; 4, fourth switch module; 501, first diode; 502, second diode; 503, bidirectional voltage regulator diode; 504, first inverter; 505, second inverter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present application provide a power reverse connection protection circuit, an electronic device, and a method to solve the technical problem in the prior art that a chip cannot work normally under reverse connection conditions.

[0019] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows: An embodiment of the present application provides a power reverse connection protection circuit, the circuit comprising: a first terminal and a second terminal for connecting to a power supply to provide a voltage difference for a circuit to be powered; a first switch module, a second switch module, a third switch module, and a fourth switch module, wherein the first end of the first switch module and the first end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the first terminal, the second end of the first switch module and the first end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, the first end of the second switch module and the second end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the second end of the second switch module and the second end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the second terminal; a voltage detection module comprising two power supply terminals, respectively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal; control terminals of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the voltage detection module; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned on, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned off; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned off, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned on. It can be seen that the power reverse connection protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can automatically adjust the voltage direction when the power supply is reversed, switch the circuit to be powered to the correct power supply state, and ensure that the circuit to be powered can work normally. It not only reduces the probability of failure of the circuit to be powered due to reverse power connection, saves the maintenance and replacement cost of the circuit to be powered, but also increases the probability of the circuit to be powered to maintain normal operation, enhances the circuit's adaptability to the power supply, and improves the stability of the circuit to be powered.

[0020] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] First, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar items and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, such that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Reverse connection of power supply will damage the circuit. Traditional chip power reverse connection protection circuit is as follows: Figure 1a , Attachment Figure 1b and attached Figure 1c As shown in the attached Figure 1a The resistor type shown in the attached Figure 1b The diode type shown and the attached Figure 1c The MOS tube type protection design shown in the figure, where R0, D0 and M0 are the corresponding resistor, diode and MOS tube in each protection design respectively, Ic represents the current direction, and GND1 is the ground terminal of the control circuit.

[0024] For the attached Figure 1a The resistor-type protection design shown in the figure will introduce large power consumption in the circuit, resulting in low efficiency and heating problems. Figure 1b The diode type protection shown in the figure uses the unidirectional conductivity of the diode to achieve anti-reverse connection protection. It has a large conduction voltage drop and is not suitable for high current or low voltage applications. In addition, the diode has a limited withstand voltage and cannot withstand excessive reverse voltage. Figure 1c The MOS transistor protection design shown is relatively expensive and requires appropriate Vds (voltage between drain and source) and Vgs (voltage between gate and source) withstand voltages. When the PMOS is reversely connected, the load (such as a battery) voltage may cause the MOS transistor to accidentally turn on, rendering it unable to provide protection.

[0025] It can be seen that the traditional protection circuit design has the problems of limited power supply voltage input range and limited voltage resistance of diodes and MOS tubes. In addition, in the case of reverse power connection, the protection circuit will cut off the power supply to the control circuit, making the chip unable to work normally, affecting the chip's reliability and ease of application.

[0026] The present application embodiment provides a power reverse connection protection circuit, as shown in the attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 Shown, including: The first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are used to connect to a power supply to provide a voltage difference for the circuit to be powered; one of the terminals is connected to an external power supply, and the other terminal is grounded, that is, when the first terminal 11 is connected to an external power supply, the second terminal 12 is connected to the ground, and when the second terminal 12 is connected to an external power supply, the first terminal 11 is connected to the ground; the circuit to be powered is usually a core circuit of a chip, which controls the operation of the chip when powered on.

[0027] The first switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the third switch module 3, and the fourth switch module 4, the first end of the first switch module 1 and the first end of the third switch module 3 are respectively connected to the first terminal 11, the second end of the first switch module 1 and the first end of the fourth switch module 4 are respectively connected to the power input end of the circuit to be powered, the first end of the second switch module 2 and the second end of the third switch module 3 are respectively connected to the ground end of the circuit to be powered, and the second end of the second switch module 2 and the second end of the fourth switch module 4 are respectively connected to the second terminal 12; in the first switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the third switch module 3, and the fourth switch module 4, each switch module is configured to be bidirectionally conductive, that is, the input end and the output end can be interchanged, and the first end can be used as the input end, and the second end can be used as the input end. For example, as shown in the attached figure, Figure 7 In the switch module shown, current can flow from the upper end to the lower end in the figure, or from the lower end to the upper end.

[0028] The voltage detection module includes two power supply ends, which are respectively connected to the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12; the control ends of the first switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the third switch module 3, and the fourth switch module 4 are respectively connected to the voltage detection module; each switch module can realize its own conduction or shutdown according to the control signal of the voltage detection module.

[0029] When the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are positively connected to the power supply, the first switch module 1 and the second switch module 2 are controlled to be turned on, and the third switch module 3 and the fourth switch module 4 are controlled to be turned off, so that power can be normally supplied to the circuit to be powered; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are reversely connected to the power supply, the first switch module 1 and the second switch module 2 are controlled to be turned off, and the third switch module 3 and the fourth switch module 4 are controlled to be turned on, so that power can be normally supplied to the circuit to be powered.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are connected to a power source, that is, when the first terminal 11 is connected to the power source and the second terminal 12 is grounded, the voltage detection module controls the first switch module 1 and the second switch module 2 to turn on, and the third switch module 3 and the fourth switch module 4 to turn off. Current flows sequentially into the first terminal 11, the first switch module 1, the circuit to be powered, the second switch module 2, and the second terminal 12. The power input terminal of the circuit to be powered is connected to the first terminal 11 through the first switch module 1 to energize it, and the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered is connected to the second terminal 12 through the second switch module 2 to ground it, thereby supplying power to the circuit to be powered.

[0031] When first terminal 11 and second terminal 12 are connected to the power supply in reverse order—that is, first terminal 11 is grounded and second terminal 12 is connected to the power supply—the voltage detection module controls first switch module 1 and second switch module 2 to turn off, and third switch module 3 and fourth switch module 4 to turn on. Current flows sequentially through second terminal 12, fourth switch module, the circuit to be powered, third switch module, and first terminal 11. The power input of the circuit to be powered is connected to second terminal 12 via fourth switch module 4, energizing it. The ground terminal of the circuit to be powered is connected to first terminal 11 via third switch module 3, providing power to the circuit to be powered.

[0032] It can be seen that the power reverse connection protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can automatically adjust the voltage direction when the power supply is reversed, switch the circuit to be powered to the correct power supply state, and ensure that the circuit to be powered can work normally. It not only reduces the probability of failure of the circuit to be powered due to reverse power connection, but also enhances the adaptability of the circuit to the power supply and improves the stability of the circuit to be powered.

[0033] Regarding the voltage detection module, multiple signal output terminals can be set and connected to corresponding switch modules respectively. The embodiment of the present application provides the following two specific implementation methods, including setting 2 signal output terminals and setting 4 signal output terminals.

[0034] 2 signal output terminals: As attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 As shown, the voltage detection module includes a first diode 501, a second diode 502, a bidirectional voltage regulator diode 503, a first inverter 504, a second inverter 505, a first signal output end and a second signal output end. The signal output by the first signal output end is a, and the signal output by the second signal output end is b.

[0035] The anode of the first diode 501 is connected to the first terminal 11, the anode of the second diode 502 is connected to the second terminal 12, and a zener resistor is connected in series between each diode and the corresponding terminal. The bidirectional zener diode 503 is composed of two zener diodes connected in reverse series, with the two ends of the bidirectional zener diode 503 connected to the cathode of the first diode 501 and the cathode of the second diode 502, respectively. The bidirectional zener diode 503 can stabilize both forward and reverse voltages. When the voltage exceeds a certain threshold, regardless of the voltage polarity, it can turn on and stabilize the voltage to respectively identify the voltage signals input by the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12.

[0036] The first inverter 504 and the second inverter 505 are respectively connected in parallel at both ends of the bidirectional voltage regulator diode 503. The output end of the first inverter 504 is connected to the first signal output end, and the output end of the second inverter 505 is connected to the second output end, so that the levels of the a signal and the b signal are always opposite. When the first terminal 11 is connected to the power supply and the second terminal 12 is grounded, the a signal is high and the b signal is low; when the first terminal 11 is grounded and the second terminal 12 is connected to the power supply, the a signal is low and the b signal is high.

[0037] The first signal output end is respectively connected to the high potential control end of the first switch module 1, the high potential control end of the second switch module 2, the low potential control end of the third switch module 3, and the low potential control end of the fourth switch module 4; the second signal output end is respectively connected to the low potential control end of the first switch module 1, the low potential control end of the second switch module 2, the high potential control end of the third switch module 3, and the high potential control end of the fourth switch module 4.

[0038] For the same switch module, when the high-potential control terminal receives a high-level signal and the low-potential control terminal receives a low-level signal, the switch module conducts; otherwise, it is off. The voltage detection module has only two signal output terminals. When the power supply is connected forward or reverse, the potential of the a and b signals changes, controlling the four switch modules to conduct or shut down. This ensures that the circuit to be powered can still receive power when the power supply is reversed, reducing the number of circuit connections and circuit components.

[0039] 4 signal output terminals: As attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 As shown, the voltage detection module includes a first diode 501, a second diode 502, a bidirectional voltage regulator diode 503, a first inverter 504, a second inverter 505, a first signal output terminal, a second signal output terminal, a third signal output terminal and a fourth signal output terminal; the signal output by the first signal output terminal is a, the signal output by the second signal output terminal is b, the signal output by the third signal output terminal is c, and the signal output by the fourth signal output terminal is d.

[0040] The anode of the first diode 501 is connected to the first terminal 11, the anode of the second diode 502 is connected to the second terminal 12, and a zener resistor is connected in series between each diode and the corresponding terminal. The bidirectional zener diode 503 is composed of two zener diodes connected in reverse series, with the two ends of the bidirectional zener diode 503 connected to the cathode of the first diode 501 and the cathode of the second diode 502, respectively. The first signal output terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first diode 501, the second signal output terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first diode 501 through a first inverter 504, the third signal output terminal is connected to the output terminal of the second diode 502, and the fourth signal output terminal is connected to the output terminal of the second diode 502 through a second inverter 505. When the first terminal 11 is connected to the power supply and the second terminal 12 is grounded, the a and d signals are high, and the b and c signals are low. When the first terminal 11 is grounded and the second terminal 12 is connected to the power supply, the a and d signals are low, and the b and c signals are high.

[0041] The first signal output end is respectively connected to the high potential control end of the first switch module 1 and the high potential control end of the second switch signal; the second signal output end is respectively connected to the low potential control end of the first switch module 1 and the low potential control end of the second switch module 2; the third signal output end is respectively connected to the high potential control end of the third switch module 3 and the high potential control end of the fourth switch module 4; the fourth signal output end is respectively connected to the low potential control end of the third switch module 3 and the low potential control end of the fourth switch module 4.

[0042] By setting four signal output terminals and connecting them to corresponding switch modules respectively, the signal is made clearer, which facilitates the circuit to accurately control the corresponding switch module according to the power access situation.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the third switch module 3, and the fourth switch module 4 are configured as gate devices. Different gate devices can be selected to meet the functional requirements of the switch modules and enhance the applicability of the circuit for different application scenarios and requirements. The present application provides the following two specific implementations, including the use of NMOS and PMOS transistors, as well as the use of NPN and PNP transistors.

[0044] Using NMOS and PMOS tubes: As attached Figure 3 -Attached Figure 7 As shown, each of the first switch module 1 , the second switch module 2 , the third switch module 3 and the fourth switch module 4 includes an NMOS transistor and a PMOS transistor connected in parallel.

[0045] For the gate of the NMOS tube and the gate of the PMOS tube, they can be connected to the corresponding signal output terminals according to the setting of the signal output terminal of the voltage detection module. This is only explained based on a specific embodiment and cannot be used as a limitation of the present application scheme. Take the above voltage detection module with two signal output terminals as an example: The gate of the NMOS transistor of the first switch module 1 and the gate of the NMOS transistor of the second switch module 2 are both connected to the first signal output terminal, and the gate of the PMOS transistor of the first switch module 1 and the gate of the PMOS transistor of the second switch module 2 are both connected to the second signal output terminal; The gate of the NMOS tube of the third switch module 3 and the gate of the NMOS tube of the fourth switch module 4 are both connected to the second signal output end, and the gate of the PMOS tube of the third switch module 3 and the gate of the PMOS tube of the fourth switch module 4 are both connected to the first signal output end.

[0046] The parallel connection of NMOS and PMOS transistors has very low on-resistance, helping to reduce signal loss during transmission. Furthermore, because the source and drain of the MOS transistors are interchangeable, the resulting switch module can transmit signals bidirectionally, increasing circuit flexibility. That is, within the same switch module, the source of the NMOS transistor can be connected to either the source or drain of a PMOS transistor.

[0047] Taking the drain of the NMOS transistor as an example, the drain of the NMOS transistor is connected to the source of the PMOS transistor of the same switch module. Specifically, the drain of the NMOS transistor of the first switch module 1 is connected to the first terminal 11, the source is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the gate is connected to the first signal output terminal. The source of the PMOS transistor of the first switch module 1 is connected to the first terminal 11, the drain is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the gate is connected to the second signal output terminal. The drain of the NMOS transistor of the second switch module 2 is connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, the source is connected to the second terminal 12, and the gate is connected to the first signal output terminal. The source of the PMOS transistor of the second switch module 2 is connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, the drain is connected to the second terminal 12, and the gate is connected to the second signal output terminal. The drain of the NMOS transistor of the third switch module 3 is connected to the second terminal 12, the source is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the gate is connected to the second signal output terminal; the source of the PMOS transistor of the third switch module 3 is connected to the second terminal 12, the drain is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the gate is connected to the first signal output terminal; The drain of the NMOS tube of the fourth switch module is connected to the first terminal 11, the source is connected to the ground end of the circuit to be powered, and the gate is connected to the second signal output end. The source of the PMOS tube of the fourth switch module 4 is connected to the first terminal 11, the drain is connected to the ground end of the circuit to be powered, and the gate is connected to the first signal output end.

[0048] Using NPN transistors and PNP transistors: Each of the first switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the third switch module 3, and the fourth switch module 4 includes an NPN transistor and a PNP transistor connected in parallel; the arrangement of the transistors in each switch module is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown, the connection relationship between the switch module and other circuit modules can refer to the attached Figure 3 or attached Figure 5 For settings, no corresponding drawings are provided here and shall not be regarded as limiting this application.

[0049] The bases of the NPN transistors and the PNP transistors in the first switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the third switch module 3, and the fourth switch module 4 can be connected to the corresponding signal output terminals according to the configuration of the signal output terminals of the voltage detection module. This is only a specific embodiment and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. For example, the voltage detection module is configured with two signal output terminals: The collector of the NPN transistor of the first switch module 1 is connected to the first terminal 11, the emitter is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the base is connected to the first signal output terminal; the emitter of the PNP transistor of the first switch module 1 is connected to the first terminal 11, the collector is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the base is connected to the second signal output terminal; The collector of the NPN transistor of the second switch module 2 is connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, the emitter is connected to the second terminal 12, and the base is connected to the first signal output terminal; the emitter of the PNP transistor of the second switch module 2 is connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, the collector is connected to the second terminal 12, and the base is connected to the second signal output terminal; The collector of the NPN transistor of the third switch module 3 is connected to the second terminal 12, the emitter is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the base is connected to the second signal output terminal; the emitter of the PNP transistor of the third switch module 3 is connected to the second terminal 12, the collector is connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the base is connected to the first signal output terminal; The collector of the NPN transistor of the fourth switch module is connected to the first terminal 11, the emitter is connected to the ground end of the circuit to be powered, and the base is connected to the second signal output end. The emitter of the PNP transistor of the fourth switch module 4 is connected to the first terminal 11, the collector is connected to the ground end of the circuit to be powered, and the base is connected to the first signal output end.

[0050] The switch module composed of transistors can provide better driving capability, especially when it needs to drive a larger load. At the same time, the use of transistors has certain cost advantages.

[0051] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application provides an electronic device, including a power reverse connection protection circuit as provided above.

[0052] Since the electronic device described in this embodiment includes the power reverse polarity protection circuit provided in this application, those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific implementation of the electronic device of this embodiment and its various variations, so how to implement the electronic device will not be described in detail here. As long as those skilled in the art can design an electronic device including the power reverse polarity protection circuit provided in the embodiment of this application, it falls within the scope of protection intended by this application.

[0053] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application provides a method for applying to a power reverse connection protection circuit as provided above, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the method includes steps S1-S5.

[0054] Step S1: After the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are connected to a power source, corresponding control signals are input to the first switch module 1, the second switch module 2, the third switch module 3, and the fourth switch module 4 respectively; Step S2: When the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are positively connected to the power supply, the control signal of the voltage detection module controls the first switch module 1 and the second switch module 2 to be turned on, and controls the third switch module 3 and the fourth switch module 4 to be turned off; Step S3: When the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are reversely connected to the power supply, the control signal of the voltage detection module controls the first switch module 1 and the second switch module 2 to be turned off, and controls the third switch module 3 and the fourth switch module 4 to be turned on; Step S4, supplying power to the circuit to be powered; Step S5: The chip operates normally and outputs a signal.

[0055] In summary, an embodiment of the present application provides a power reverse connection protection circuit, comprising: a first terminal and a second terminal, for connecting to a power supply to provide a voltage difference for a circuit to be powered; a first switch module, a second switch module, a third switch module, and a fourth switch module, wherein the first end of the first switch module and the first end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the first terminal, the second end of the first switch module and the first end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the power input terminal of the circuit to be powered, the first end of the second switch module and the second end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the ground terminal of the circuit to be powered, and the second end of the second switch module and the second end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the second terminal; a voltage detection module, comprising two power supply terminals, respectively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal; control terminals of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the voltage detection module; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned on, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned off; when the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned off, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned on. It can be seen that the power reverse connection protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can automatically adjust the voltage direction when the power supply is reversed, switch the circuit to be powered to the correct power supply state, and ensure that the circuit to be powered can work normally. It not only reduces the probability of failure of the circuit to be powered due to reverse power connection, saves the maintenance and replacement cost of the circuit to be powered, but also increases the probability of the circuit to be powered to maintain normal operation, enhances the circuit's adaptability to the power supply, and improves the stability of the circuit to be powered.

[0056] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0057] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A power reverse connection protection circuit, characterized in that: include: The first terminal and the second terminal are used to connect to a power source to provide a voltage difference to the circuit to be powered; A first switch module, a second switch module, a third switch module, and a fourth switch module, wherein the first end of the first switch module and the first end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the first terminal, the second end of the first switch module and the first end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the power input end of the circuit to be powered, the first end of the second switch module and the second end of the third switch module are respectively connected to the ground end of the circuit to be powered, and the second end of the second switch module and the second end of the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the second terminal; A voltage detection module, comprising two power supply terminals, respectively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal; control terminals of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module and the fourth switch module are respectively connected to the voltage detection module; the voltage detection module further comprises a first signal output terminal and a second signal output terminal; When the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to a power source, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned on, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned off; When the voltage detection module detects that the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first switch module and the second switch module are controlled to be turned off, and the third switch module and the fourth switch module are controlled to be turned on; Wherein, each of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module and the fourth switch module comprises an NMOS tube and a PMOS tube connected in parallel; The gate of the NMOS tube of the first switch module and the gate of the NMOS tube of the second switch module are both connected to the first signal output end, and the gate of the PMOS tube of the first switch module and the gate of the PMOS tube of the second switch module are both connected to the second signal output end; The gate of the NMOS tube of the third switch module and the gate of the NMOS tube of the fourth switch module are both connected to the second signal output end, and the gate of the PMOS tube of the third switch module and the gate of the PMOS tube of the fourth switch module are both connected to the first signal output end; Alternatively, each of the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module includes an NPN transistor and a PNP transistor connected in parallel; The base of the NPN transistor of the first switch module and the base of the NPN transistor of the second switch module are both connected to the first signal output end, and the base of the PNP transistor of the first switch module and the base of the PNP transistor of the second switch module are both connected to the second signal output end; The base of the NPN transistor of the third switch module and the base of the NPN transistor of the fourth switch module are both connected to the second signal output end, and the base of the PNP transistor of the third switch module and the base of the PNP transistor of the fourth switch module are both connected to the first signal output end.

2. The power reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal directions of the first signal output terminal and the second signal output terminal are opposite.

3. The power reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage detection module comprises: a first diode and a second diode, wherein an anode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal, and an anode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal; a bidirectional voltage regulator diode, two ends of which are connected to the cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode respectively; The first inverter and the second inverter are respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the bidirectional voltage regulator diode, the output end of the first inverter is connected to the first signal output end, and the output end of the second inverter is connected to the second signal output end.

4. The power reverse connection protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: When the first terminal and the second terminal are positively connected to the power supply, the first signal output end outputs a high level and the second signal output end outputs a low level; when the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the first signal output end outputs a low level and the second signal output end outputs a high level.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the power reverse connection protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A method, characterized in that The power reverse connection protection circuit applied to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising: After the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to a power source, the voltage detection module inputs corresponding control signals to the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module, and the fourth switch module respectively; When the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to the power supply, the control signal of the voltage detection module controls the first switch module and the second switch module to be turned on, and controls the third switch module and the fourth switch module to be turned off, so as to supply power to the circuit to be powered; When the first terminal and the second terminal are reversely connected to the power supply, the control signal of the voltage detection module controls the first switch module and the second switch module to be turned off, and controls the third switch module and the fourth switch module to be turned on, so as to supply power to the circuit to be powered.

Images