Cryogenic fluid circulation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration and low-temperature engineering, and provides a low-temperature fluid circulation system which comprises a cold source, a thermal load and a magnetic driver, the thermal load is connected with the cold source through a circulation pipeline, and the circulation pipeline is filled with a low-temperature fluid medium; the magnetic driver comprises an impeller, and the impeller is arranged in the circulating pipeline between the thermal load and the cold source and used for driving the low-temperature fluid medium to circularly flow in the circulating pipeline through rotation; the circulating pipeline is arranged between the heat load and the cold source, and the heat transfer mode between the cold source and the load is changed into convective heat transfer from solid heat conduction in the prior art through circulating flow of the low-temperature fluid in the circulating pipeline, so that the heat transfer effect is effectively enhanced, cold energy is transferred to the heat load or heat of the heat load is transferred to the cold source, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved. Therefore, the heat load temperature can be reduced, and the device is particularly suitable for occasions where the cold energy of a cold source below a liquid hydrogen temperature area is very small and long-distance cold energy transportation is needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of refrigeration and cryogenic engineering technology, and in particular to a cryogenic fluid circulation system. Background Art

[0002] In low-temperature refrigeration system applications, such as space probes, the heat load (probe) and the cold source (such as the cold head of a refrigerator) are usually directly and tightly connected to minimize the thermal resistance between the two. However, in some cases, there is a large distance between the detector and the cold source, and the two cannot be directly connected. Solid heat conduction requires the use of transition connections such as high-thermal conductivity copper bars, aluminum bars or copper braids. At this time, due to the limitation of the thermal conductivity of the connecting material itself, its heat transfer capacity is still subject to certain restrictions. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a low-temperature fluid circulation system to solve the problems in the prior art of poor solid thermal conductivity and limited application scenarios.

[0004] The present invention provides a low-temperature fluid circulation system, comprising: Cold source; A heat load, wherein the heat load is connected to the cold source via a circulation pipeline, wherein the circulation pipeline is filled with a cryogenic fluid medium; The magnetic drive comprises an impeller, wherein the impeller is arranged in a circulation pipeline between the heat load and the cold source, and is used for driving the low-temperature fluid medium to circulate in the circulation pipeline by rotation.

[0005] According to the low-temperature fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, the circulation pipeline includes a cold section, a hot section and an intermediate section, the cold section is arranged at the cold source, the hot section is arranged at the heat load, and the two ends of the intermediate section are respectively connected to the hot section and the cold section.

[0006] According to the low-temperature fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, the circulation pipeline is a heat-conducting metal pipe.

[0007] According to the low-temperature fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, the cold section is arranged at the cold source in a continuous bending shape, and the hot section is arranged at the heat load in a continuous bending shape.

[0008] According to the cryogenic fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, the magnetic driver further comprises a magnetic coupling and a driving device, the magnetic coupling comprises a first coupling and a second coupling, the driving device and the first coupling are arranged outside the circulation pipeline, and the driving device drives the first coupling to rotate through a first rotating shaft; The second coupling and the impeller are arranged inside the circulation pipeline. The second coupling is connected to the impeller through a second rotating shaft. When the first coupling rotates, the second coupling can be driven to rotate by magnetic force to drive the impeller to rotate.

[0009] According to the cryogenic fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, the first coupling and the second coupling are coaxially arranged opposite to each other and have the same cross-sectional area.

[0010] According to the low-temperature fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, a groove is axially arranged at the center of one end of the first coupling, the second coupling is coaxially arranged with the first coupling, and the second coupling is embedded in the groove.

[0011] According to the cryogenic fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, a support member is provided in the circulation pipeline, a bearing is provided on the support member, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support member through the bearing.

[0012] According to the low-temperature fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, a heat insulating layer is provided on the outer side of the middle section.

[0013] According to the low-temperature fluid circulation system provided by the present invention, the outer sides of the cold source and the heat load are covered with a heat insulating layer.

[0014] The present invention provides a cryogenic fluid circulation system, comprising: a cold source, a heat load and a magnetic driver, wherein the heat load and the cold source are connected through a circulation pipeline, and the circulation pipeline is filled with a cryogenic fluid medium; the magnetic driver comprises an impeller, and the impeller is arranged in the circulation pipeline between the heat load and the cold source, and is used to drive the cryogenic fluid medium to circulate in the circulation pipeline by rotation; in this way, the present invention arranges a circulation pipeline between the heat load and the cold source, and changes the heat transfer mode between the cold source and the load from the solid heat conduction of the prior art to the convection heat exchange through the circulation flow of the cryogenic fluid in the circulation pipe, thereby effectively enhancing the heat transfer effect, realizing the transfer of cold energy to the heat load or the transfer of heat from the heat load to the cold source, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the temperature of the heat load, and is particularly suitable for occasions where the cold energy of the cold source below the liquid hydrogen temperature range is very small and the cold energy needs to be transported over a long distance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-temperature fluid circulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic drive provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic drive provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Cold source; 2. Heat load; 3. Magnetic drive; 31. First coupling; 32. Second coupling; 33. First rotating shaft; 34. Second rotating shaft; 35. Support member; 36. Bearing; 4. Impeller; 5. Cold section; 6. Hot section; 7. Middle section; 8. Insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 3 A cryogenic fluid circulation system of the present invention is described.

[0022] This embodiment provides a low-temperature fluid circulation system, including: a cold source 1, a heat load 2 and a magnetic drive 3.

[0023] Among them, the heat load 2 is connected to the cold source 1 through a circulation pipeline, and the circulation pipeline is filled with a low-temperature fluid medium; the magnetic drive 3 includes an impeller 4, which is arranged in the circulation pipeline between the heat load 2 and the cold source 1, and is used to drive the low-temperature fluid medium to circulate in the circulation pipeline by rotation.

[0024] It can be seen from the above scheme that the present invention sets a circulation pipeline between the heat load 2 and the cold source 1. Through the circulation of the low-temperature fluid in the circulation pipe, the heat transfer mode between the cold source 1 and the load is changed from solid heat conduction in the prior art to convection heat exchange, thereby effectively enhancing the heat transfer effect, and realizing the transfer of cold energy to the heat load 2 or the transfer of heat from the heat load 2 to the cold source 1, so as to achieve the effect of lowering the temperature of the heat load 2. It is particularly suitable for the liquid hydrogen temperature zone, that is, the hydrogen liquefaction temperature is below 20K-253.15℃, the cold energy of the cold source 1 is very small, and the cold energy needs to be transported over a long distance. The problem that the cold energy cannot be transmitted to the heat load 2 due to the small cooling capacity of the refrigerator, the long distance and the large thermal resistance will not occur.

[0025] In some embodiments, the circulation pipeline is a heat-conducting metal pipe, and a metal with high thermal conductivity such as copper may be used.

[0026] Optionally, the cryogenic fluid medium is cryogenic helium. The boiling point of helium is about -268.93°C at standard atmospheric pressure. It is a very effective cooling medium that can maintain good fluidity and thermal conductivity at extremely low temperatures, allowing it to work at extremely low temperatures. Helium is an inert gas that is not easy to react chemically with other substances, so it is relatively safe during use.

[0027] In this embodiment, the circulation pipeline includes a cold section 5, a hot section 6 and an intermediate section 7. The cold section 5 is arranged at the cold source 1, the hot section 6 is arranged at the heat load 2, and the two ends of the intermediate section 7 are connected to the hot section 6 and the cold section 5 respectively.

[0028] In this embodiment, an insulating layer 8 is provided on the outer side of the middle section 7, and the outer sides of the cold source 1 and the heat load 2 are covered with the insulating layer 8. The insulating layer 8 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity and high reflectivity, for example, a multilayer insulation material (MultilayerInsulation), which is a highly efficient thermal insulation material composed of multiple thin layers, usually including a reflective layer and an insulating layer. The reflective layer is generally made of aluminum foil or other highly reflective materials, and the insulating layer is a non-thermal conductive material (such as polyester film), which can effectively reduce heat transfer and prevent external heat from entering the low-temperature fluid circulation system.

[0029] Preferably, the cold section 5 is arranged at the cold source 1 in a continuous bending shape, and the hot section 6 is arranged at the heat load 2 in a continuous bending shape.

[0030] Such a configuration can increase the contact area between the cold section 5 and the cold source 1 and between the hot section 6 and the heat load 2, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The continuous bending can also optimize the spatial layout. Especially in the case of limited space, this design can make more effective use of space. In addition, the bent design may also help reduce the pressure loss of the fluid in the pipeline and improve the overall performance of the system.

[0031] In this embodiment, the magnetic driver 3 also includes a magnetic coupling and a driving device. The driving device can be an electric motor. The magnetic coupling includes a first coupling 31 and a second coupling 32. The driving device and the first coupling 31 are arranged outside the circulation pipeline. The driving device drives the first coupling 31 to rotate through the first rotating shaft 33; the second coupling 32 and the impeller 4 are arranged inside the circulation pipeline. The second coupling 32 is connected to the impeller 4 through the second rotating shaft 34. When the first coupling 31 rotates, it can drive the second coupling 32 to rotate through magnetic force to drive the impeller 4 to rotate.

[0032] With such an arrangement, the magnetic drive 3 realizes non-contact transmission of power through the magnetic coupling, so that there is no direct physical connection between the drive device and the impeller 4 inside the circulation pipeline, thereby avoiding the leakage problem that may be caused by traditional mechanical seals, which is especially important when dealing with flammable, explosive or toxic fluids, and improving the sealing performance of the system. Since there is no direct physical connection, there is no need to frequently replace wearing parts such as mechanical seals, which also reduces equipment downtime caused by mechanical failure or wear, reduces maintenance costs, and extends the service life of the equipment; the magnetic drive 3 can efficiently convert the mechanical energy generated by the drive device such as a motor into the kinetic energy of the impeller 4 rotation. Since the efficiency and stability of magnetic transmission are high, the energy loss is relatively small, and the magnetic drive 3 can adapt to various harsh working environments, such as high temperature, high pressure, corrosive fluids, etc. The magnetic transmission is not affected by these environmental factors, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the equipment.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the first coupling 31 and the driving device such as the motor are arranged outside the insulation layer 8, so that the heat generated by the driving device is outside the shielding layer, which will not increase the heat load of the refrigeration system and can also effectively solve the problem of working fluid leakage inside the loop.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first coupling 31 and the second coupling 32 are coaxially arranged opposite to each other and have the same cross-sectional area. Figure 2 As shown, the first coupling 31 and the second coupling 32 are both disc-shaped, coaxially arranged opposite to each other, and the relative end surface areas are the same. The first coupling 31 is driven by a motor outside the tube of the middle section 7 and is an active component. The second coupling 32 is connected to the impeller 4 inside the tube of the middle section 7 and is a driven component. When the first coupling 31 rotates, the second coupling 32 is driven to rotate by magnetic force. The magnetic connection strength can be increased by increasing the relative area between the two couplings to ensure the reliability of driving the impeller 4.

[0035] In other embodiments, a circular groove is axially arranged at the center of one end of the first coupling 31, and the second coupling 32 is coaxially arranged with the first coupling 31, and the second coupling 32 can be embedded in the circular groove and rotated with it. Figure 3As shown, the first coupling 31 and the second coupling 32 are both cylindrical, and the two are coaxially arranged opposite to each other. A circular groove is provided at the center of the end of the first coupling 31, so that part of the second coupling 32 is embedded therein along the axial direction and can rotate around the axis in the circular groove, so that the magnetic coupling forms a wrapped structure. At this time, the pipe wall shape of the middle section 7 between the first coupling 31 and the second coupling 32 needs to be designed to be compatible with the circular groove. When working, the first coupling 31 is driven by the motor outside the pipe of the middle section 7 and is the active part. The second coupling 32 is connected to the impeller 4 inside the pipe of the middle section 7 and is the driven part. When the first coupling 31 rotates, the second coupling 32 and the impeller 4 are driven to rotate by magnetic force.

[0036] Preferably, in order to ensure the strength of the magnetic connection, the axial length of the second coupling 32 can be increased so that the side area is large enough, thereby increasing the corresponding area between the first coupling 31 and the second coupling 32 to improve the strength of the magnetic connection and ensure the reliability of driving the impeller 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, a support member 35 is further provided in the tube of the middle section 7 , a bearing 36 is provided on the support member 35 , and the second rotating shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the support member 35 via the bearing 36 .

[0038] With such arrangement, the second rotating shaft 34 is fixed by using the support member 35, thereby ensuring that the second rotating shaft 34 and the impeller 4 rotate stably and reliably.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "mode", "specific mode", or "some modes" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or mode are included in at least one embodiment or mode of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or mode. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or modes in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or modes described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or modes, without contradiction.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cryogenic fluid circulation system, characterized in that: include: Cold source (1); A heat load (2), the heat load (2) being connected to the cold source (1) via a circulation pipeline, the circulation pipeline being filled with a low-temperature fluid medium; The magnetic drive (3) comprises an impeller (4), wherein the impeller (4) is arranged in a circulation pipeline between the heat load (2) and the cold source (1), and is used to drive the low-temperature fluid medium to circulate in the circulation pipeline by rotation.

2. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline comprises a cold section (5), a hot section (6) and an intermediate section (7); the cold section (5) is arranged at the cold source (1), the hot section (6) is arranged at the heat load (2), and two ends of the intermediate section (7) are respectively connected to the hot section (6) and the cold section (5).

3. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline is a heat-conducting metal pipe.

4. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cold section (5) is arranged at the cold source (1) in a continuously bent shape, and the hot section (6) is arranged at the heat load (2) in a continuously bent shape.

5. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic drive (3) further comprises a magnetic coupling and a driving device, the magnetic coupling comprising a first coupling (31) and a second coupling (32), the driving device and the first coupling (31) being arranged outside the circulation pipeline, and the driving device drives the first coupling (31) to rotate via a first rotating shaft (33); The second coupling (32) and the impeller (4) are arranged inside the circulation pipeline; the second coupling (32) is connected to the impeller (4) via a second rotating shaft (34); when the first coupling (31) rotates, the second coupling (32) can be driven to rotate by magnetic force, thereby driving the impeller (4) to rotate.

6. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first coupling (31) and the second coupling (32) are coaxially arranged opposite to each other and have the same cross-sectional area.

7. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A circular groove is axially arranged at the center of one end of the first coupling (31); the second coupling (32) is coaxially arranged with the first coupling (31); and the second coupling (32) can be embedded in the circular groove and rotatably engaged therewith.

8. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support member (35) is provided in the circulation pipeline, a bearing (36) is provided on the support member (35), and the second rotating shaft (34) is rotatably connected to the support member (35) via the bearing (36).

9. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heat insulating layer (8) is provided on the outer side of the middle section (7).

10. The cryogenic fluid circulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer sides of the cold source (1) and the heat load (2) are covered with a heat insulation layer (8).

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