An information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice

Abstract

The present invention provides an information transmission system based on the coding of trapped bubbles in ice, which inputs information to be transmitted and converts the information to be transmitted into a control signal through a certain coding rule, and then controls the freezing process according to the control signal, so as to convert the information to be transmitted into the distribution information of trapped bubbles in the ice; when the information to be transmitted needs to be output, the bubble distribution signal is first collected and converted into bubble characteristic information, and then the bubble characteristic information is decoded into the information to be transmitted; that is, the present invention uses the trapped bubbles appearing in the ice during the freezing process of water as a carrier, and encodes the information by controlling the distribution of the bubbles in the ice, thereby realizing information transmission and communication in an extremely low temperature environment, and has the advantages that the operation of the encoding unit and the decoding unit is not easily affected by the surrounding environment, is simple and reliable, low in cost, high in efficiency, low in error, and easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of communication technology, and in particular relates to an information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice. Background Art

[0002] As the global climate warms and the sea ice melts, the value of polar resources and scientific research is becoming increasingly apparent. There is enough iron ore in the polar regions to last for 200 years; of the world's undiscovered mineral reserves, 20% of the oil and 30% of the natural gas are buried in the Arctic Circle, and its coal reserves account for about a quarter of the world's total. In addition, after the opening of the Arctic route, the voyage from China's coastal ports to the east coast of North America will be shortened by 2,000 to 3,500 nautical miles, and the voyage to Western Europe and Northern Europe will be shortened by 25% to 55%, saving US$53.3 billion to US$127.4 billion in freight costs each year. However, the extreme low temperature, high humidity, high wind speed, strong magnetic field and other harsh environments in the polar regions cause many problems, especially in terms of information transmission. Extreme low temperatures and strong magnetic fields pose huge challenges to the normal operation of equipment and stable signal transmission of traditional electromagnetic communication methods.

[0003] In response to the difficulties encountered by traditional electromagnetic communication methods in the polar regions, some new communication methods and technologies have been proposed. Chinese patent CN 116846484 A "A polar under-ice acoustic communication method and device based on underwater air gun source" proposes a method for transmitting binary-coded information using an air gun as the emission source and using the pulse delay difference method. However, this method is susceptible to environmental noise and has a high bit error rate under low signal-to-noise ratio. Chinese patent CN 115208483 A "A method for underwater acoustic communication under polar pulse interference" provides an underwater pulse communication method that can effectively resist interference. Chinese patent "Polar environment underwater acoustic channel modeling method and device based on generative adversarial network" uses generative adversarial network to improve the prediction accuracy of traditional polar channel models. These communication methods are all limited to underwater communication. These polar environment communication methods often use underwater communication methods, which have low communication efficiency and are easily interfered by environmental factors.

[0004] Chinese patent CN202311791449.X "A method and device for controlling the type of bubbles in ice" proposes a method for controlling the type of bubbles in ice by changing the freezing rate. Chinese patent document CN202321856767.5 "A novel bubble-assisted transparent ice making device" uses water-insoluble gas to impact and discharge the dissolved gas in the water to assist in the preparation of transparent ice. These methods prepare specific types of ice by controlling bubbles. However, they do not fully utilize the information carrier function of bubbles in ice. Chinese patent CN202223091352.1 "Floating bubble anti-icing device" designs a device that releases bubbles into the water, which uses the disturbing effect of bubbles to delay and prevent freezing.

[0005] Therefore, most polar communications are conducted below the water surface and have poor anti-interference capabilities, and the research on bubbles in the freezing process is also conducted from the perspective of ice making. Therefore, there is currently no research on using trapped bubbles for communication. At the same time, existing electromagnetic communication technology mainly transmits information through the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, which has the characteristics of short communication time, high efficiency and high fault tolerance. However, since it is composed of electronic devices, there are still the following problems when used in certain harsh environments:

[0006] (1) Traditional electromagnetic communication equipment contains electronic components such as batteries, which are extremely sensitive to temperature and humidity. Especially in low temperature and high humidity environments, the battery capacity and the working stability of electronic components are seriously affected, resulting in failure to work normally in low temperature environments;

[0007] (2) The operation of traditional electromagnetic communication equipment depends on the transmission of electromagnetic waves, and the long-distance transmission of electromagnetic waves requires signal towers and base stations. The strong magnetic field intensity and unique, complex and changeable ionosphere in the polar regions will affect the transmission of electromagnetic waves, and it is also difficult to build and maintain signal towers and base stations in the polar environment;

[0008] (3) Information transmitted by traditional electromagnetic communication methods is transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves, and receiving equipment is required to convert electrical signals into visual information. This makes the communication method complicated, and normal communication will not be possible without receiving equipment.

[0009] (4) Information transmitted by traditional electromagnetic communication is carried by electromagnetic waves, and the information received by the receiving device is stored in the receiving device. However, if the information in the receiving device is stored for a long time, energy will be consumed, resulting in higher information storage and maintenance costs.

[0010] The above problems will cause the electromagnetic communication methods and devices to fail to work properly in harsh environments such as low temperature. Summary of the invention

[0011] In order to solve the problems of limited use of existing electromagnetic communication technology, low communication reliability and high maintenance cost in harsh environments such as low temperature, the present invention provides an information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice, which uses trapped bubble coding in ice to transmit information and has the characteristics of not being easily affected by the surrounding environment, high stability, simple structure and easy operation.

[0012] An information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice, comprising an input unit 1, an encoding unit 2, a refrigeration unit 3, a freezing unit 4, a collection unit 5, a conversion unit 6, a decoding unit 7 and an output unit 8;

[0013] The encoding unit 2 is used to encode the information to be transmitted inputted via the input unit 1, and transmit the encoded control signal to the refrigeration unit 3;

[0014] The refrigeration unit 3 generates cold energy according to the control signal and transmits the cold energy to the freezing unit 4, so that the working medium in the freezing unit 4 forms a series of bubbles during the freezing process; wherein different cold energy corresponds to different bubble shapes, bubble quantities and bubble positions;

[0015] The acquisition unit 5 is used to acquire the bubble distribution signal in the freezing unit 4;

[0016] The conversion unit 6 is used to extract bubble characteristic information from the bubble distribution signal;

[0017] The decoding unit 7 is used to decode the bubble characteristic information into information to be transmitted, and then transmit the decoded information to be transmitted to the output unit 8 for output.

[0018] Furthermore, the encoding unit 2 is used to perform binary encoding on the information to be transmitted input via the input unit 1, and the control signal obtained by encoding is a voltage signal obtained by combining a high level and a low level, wherein the high level corresponds to 1 in binary and the low level corresponds to 0 in binary;

[0019] At the same time, when the refrigeration unit 3 receives a high level in the control signal, it increases the cooling capacity so that the freezing rate is greater than the critical value; when the refrigeration unit 3 receives a low level in the control signal, it reduces the cooling capacity so that the freezing rate is not greater than the critical value.

[0020] Furthermore, the working medium in the freezing unit 4 is frozen in the order from near to far from the refrigeration unit 3, and the freezing length of the working medium in the freezing unit 4 is determined by the duration of the control signal;

[0021] The number of bits of the binary code corresponding to the control signal is recorded as N, and the working fluid is evenly divided into N working fluid intervals in the order from near to far from the refrigeration unit 3, and each working fluid interval corresponds to a binary bit;

[0022] When the refrigeration unit 3 generates cold to freeze the working fluid in the unit 4 according to the control signal, if a high level is received, the cold amount is increased so that the freezing rate of the working fluid interval corresponding to the binary bit corresponding to the currently received high level is greater than the critical value, and bubbles are generated in the working fluid interval; if a low level is received, the cold amount is reduced so that the freezing rate of the working fluid interval corresponding to the binary bit corresponding to the currently received high level is not greater than the critical value, and no bubbles are generated in the working fluid interval.

[0023] Further, when the bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit 6 is a grayscale value, the position where the peak of the grayscale value curve corresponding to the working fluid appears is the position where the bubble appears, and the working fluid interval where the bubble appears represents the number 1; the working fluid interval where the peak of the grayscale value curve corresponding to the working fluid does not appear represents the number 0.

[0024] Further, when the bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit 6 is the bubble type, the working fluid interval where the needle-shaped bubbles appear represents the number 2; the working fluid interval where the egg-shaped bubbles appear represents the number 1; and the working fluid intervals at other positions represent the number 0.

[0025] Furthermore, the encoding unit 2, the refrigeration unit 3, and the freezing unit 4 are combined into one encoding component, and more than two encoding components are connected in parallel to achieve batch transmission of the information to be transmitted.

[0026] Furthermore, the bubble distribution signal collected by the collection unit 5 is a bubble picture or a bubble video.

[0027] Furthermore, the bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit 6 from the bubble distribution signal is a picture gray value curve, the number of bubbles, a bubble area ratio, an average bubble area or an average bubble perimeter.

[0028] Further, the refrigeration unit 3 includes a copper sheet 301, a thermoelectric cooling sheet 302, a microchannel heat exchanger 303, a constant temperature low temperature tank 304, and a heat preservation cotton 305; wherein, one side of the copper sheet 301 is bonded with the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 through thermal conductive silicone grease, and the other side is covered with the heat preservation cotton 305; the non-bonding side of the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 is connected to the microchannel heat exchanger 303, and at the same time, the microchannel heat exchanger 303 is also connected to the constant temperature low temperature tank 304; the flowing ethanol in the constant temperature low temperature tank 304 is used to cool the microchannel heat exchanger 303;

[0029] The freezing unit 4 includes an acrylic plate housing 401 and deionized water 402 located in the acrylic plate housing 401;

[0030] The copper sheet 301 transfers the changing coldness generated by the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 according to the control signal to the deionized water 402 connected thereto, so that the deionized water 402 is frozen according to the rule corresponding to the control signal.

[0031] Furthermore, when the working fluid is deionized water, the method for obtaining the control signal is:

[0032] The information to be transmitted is converted into a freezing signal using the following formula:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] in, h To freeze the front position; k is the thermal conductivity of ice; t To freeze time; T m is the water solidification phase transition temperature; T is the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3; ρ is the density of ice; L is the latent heat of solidification of water; v is the freezing rate;

[0036] According to the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3 T With freezing time t The change trend sets the control signal, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3 T The lower the time period, the higher the level of the control signal, and the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3 T The higher the time period, the lower the level of the control signal, and a control signal composed of a high level and a low level is obtained.

[0037] Beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention provides an information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice, which inputs information to be transmitted, and converts the information to be transmitted into a control signal through a certain coding rule, and then controls the freezing process according to the control signal, so as to convert the information to be transmitted into the distribution information of trapped bubbles in the ice; when the information to be transmitted needs to be output, the bubble distribution signal is first collected and converted into bubble characteristic information, and then the bubble characteristic information is decoded into the information to be transmitted; that is, the present invention uses trapped bubbles appearing in ice during the freezing process of water as a carrier, and encodes the information by controlling the distribution of bubbles in the ice, thereby realizing information transmission and communication in an extremely low temperature environment, and has the advantages that the operation of the encoding unit and the decoding unit is not easily affected by the surrounding environment, is simple and reliable, low in cost, high in efficiency, low in error, and easy to operate; at the same time, the present invention can make full use of the low temperature environmental conditions and cheap raw materials in polar and high-altitude areas, and has the characteristics of being green and environmentally friendly.

[0039] 2. The present invention provides an information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice, which can use deionized water as the frozen working medium. The frozen medium is ice, which has the advantages of being easy to carry and transfer and can be stored for a long time. The encoding process is not easily affected by environmental factors, and is safe, stable, and has a low error rate. At the same time, in the information decoding process, the present invention can decode by manually identifying the bubble distribution information in the ice, or by using a machine for automatic operation.

[0040] 3. The present invention provides an information transmission system based on the coding of trapped bubbles in ice, which utilizes the coding of trapped bubbles in ice to transmit information. The principle is to convert information into a freezing control signal, and utilize the freezing control signal to control the bubbles in the ice to appear in a specific position and range, thereby converting the information content into the position distribution information of the trapped bubbles in the ice. Since the coding rules are diverse and extremely complex, the extractable bubble features are also diverse, and thus the present invention has the characteristics of strong concealment and high security. At the same time, converting the information content into the information of bubbles in ice also has the characteristics of simple operation and low cost, and can achieve long-term preservation of information with low energy consumption.

[0041] 4. The present invention provides an information transmission system based on the coding of trapped bubbles in ice, which converts information content into bubble distribution information, and uses grayscale values ​​to convert the position information of bubbles in ice into digital information. It uses ice as an information carrier, has high security, low error rate, simple equipment, low energy consumption, and low equipment operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system for transmitting information based on trapped bubbles in ice provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the information transmission process based on trapped bubble coding in ice provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the control principle of trapped bubbles in ice provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the coding of trapped bubbles in multiple columns of ice provided by the present invention;

[0046] FIG5 (a) is a schematic diagram of a freezing control signal in the process of encoding and decoding the control of trapped bubbles in ice provided by the present invention;

[0047] FIG5( b ) is a schematic diagram of bubble distribution information during the encoding and decoding process of trapped bubble control in ice provided by the present invention;

[0048] FIG5( c ) is a schematic diagram of bubble characteristic signals during the encoding and decoding process of bubble control in ice provided by the present invention;

[0049] FIG6 (a) is a schematic diagram of bubble distribution information of trapped bubbles of different shapes provided by the present invention;

[0050] FIG6( b ) is a schematic diagram of bubble characteristic signal curves of trapped bubbles of different shapes provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a device for coded communication based on trapped bubbles in ice provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 A freeze control signal encoding Arabic numeral 11 provided by the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 The bubble distribution information encoded by the Arabic numeral 11 provided by the present invention;

[0054] Fig.10 The bubble characteristic signal of the Arabic numeral 11 provided by the present invention;

[0055] FIG. 11 (a) is a freezing control signal corresponding to the Arabic numeral 8 transmitted by one of the two freezing devices arranged side by side in the present invention;

[0056] FIG. 11 ( b ) is a freezing control signal corresponding to the Arabic numeral 5 transmitted by another freezing device in the two parallel freezing devices provided by the present invention;

[0057] FIG. 12 (a) is a photograph of bubble distribution information corresponding to the Arabic numeral 8 transmitted by one of the two rows of freezing devices arranged side by side provided by the present invention;

[0058] FIG. 12 ( b ) is a photograph of bubble distribution information corresponding to the Arabic numeral 5 transmitted by another freezing device in the two parallel freezing devices provided by the present invention;

[0059] FIG. 13 (a) is a bubble characteristic information curve corresponding to the Arabic numeral 8 transmitted by one of the two parallel freezing devices provided by the present invention;

[0060] FIG. 13 ( b ) is a bubble characteristic information curve corresponding to the Arabic numeral 5 transmitted by another freezing device in the two parallel freezing devices provided by the present invention;

[0061] Fig.14 The present invention provides a freeze control signal corresponding to the Arabic numeral 19 transmitted by using the bubble type;

[0062] Fig.15 The bubble distribution information corresponding to the Arabic numeral 19 is transmitted by using the bubble type provided by the present invention;

[0063] Fig.16 The present invention provides a bubble characteristic information curve that utilizes bubble types to transmit the Arabic numeral 19. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0065] In order to solve the problem that existing communication equipment is sensitive to the environment and cannot be used in harsh environments such as low temperatures, and to solve the problem that existing polar communication technology focuses on underwater communication and lacks communication technology and equipment above the ice surface, and to solve the problem that existing communication technology requires continuous energy input and it is inconvenient to maintain the normal operation of signal towers and base stations in polar environments, the present invention proposes an information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an input unit 1, an encoding unit 2, a refrigeration unit 3, a freezing unit 4, a collection unit 5, a conversion unit 6, a decoding unit 7 and an output unit 8;

[0066] The encoding unit 2 is used to encode the information to be transmitted inputted via the input unit 1, and transmit the encoded control signal to the refrigeration unit 3;

[0067] The refrigeration unit 3 generates cold energy according to the control signal and transmits the cold energy to the freezing unit 4, so that the working medium in the freezing unit 4 forms a series of bubbles during the freezing process; wherein different cold energy corresponds to different bubble shapes, bubble quantities and bubble positions;

[0068] The acquisition unit 5 is used to acquire the bubble distribution signal in the freezing unit 4; wherein the bubble distribution signal is a bubble picture or a bubble video;

[0069] The conversion unit 6 is used to extract bubble characteristic information from the bubble distribution signal; wherein the bubble characteristic information is a gray value curve of an image, the number of bubbles, the proportion of bubble area, the average area of ​​bubbles or the average perimeter of bubbles;

[0070] The decoding unit 7 is used to decode the bubble characteristic information into information to be transmitted, and then transmit the decoded information to be transmitted to the output unit 8 for output.

[0071] Optionally, the input unit 1 can be a device or equipment with an input function, such as a keyboard, a mobile phone, etc.; the encoding unit 2 can be a device or equipment with an encoding function, such as a programmable power supply, a digital thermostat, etc.; and the encoding rule is a method of converting information into other forms, such as binary, ternary, Morse, etc.; the refrigeration unit 3 is a device that provides coldness to the freezing unit 4, such as a thermoelectric cooling sheet, a constant temperature low temperature tank, etc. The freezing unit 4 is a device for freezing, and a working medium is contained inside it, such as a thin water film, etc. The acquisition unit 5 is a device or equipment with an acquisition function, such as a SLR camera, a CCD camera, a high-speed camera, a mobile phone, etc.; the conversion unit 6 is a device or equipment with a conversion function, such as a mobile phone, a computer, a single-chip microcomputer, etc.; the decoding unit 7 can be a device or equipment with a decoding function, such as a computer, a single-chip microcomputer, etc.; the output unit 8 is a device or equipment with an output display function, such as a mobile phone, a computer, a display screen, etc.

[0072] The input unit 1 is connected to the encoding unit 2, and the information to be transmitted is encoded in the encoding unit 2 to provide a recognizable control signal to the freezing unit 4. The encoding unit 2 is connected to the refrigeration unit 3, and the control signal is transmitted to the refrigeration unit 3. The refrigeration unit 3 starts to generate cold energy according to the control signal, and transmits the cold energy to the freezing unit 4 connected thereto. The working medium in the freezing unit 4 forms bubbles arranged according to a certain rule inside the freezing process.

[0073] When it is necessary to output the information to be transmitted, the acquisition unit 5 collects the bubble distribution information in the freezing unit 4. The collected content can be a file in a format such as photos and videos. The acquisition unit 5 transmits the collected information to the conversion unit 6 connected thereto. After the conversion unit 6 converts the collected bubble distribution information into an image recognition signal, it transmits the signal to the decoding unit 7. After the decoding unit 7 decodes the image recognition signal into the information to be transmitted, it transmits the decoded information to the output unit 8 for output. Due to the variety of coding rules, the method of communicating using bubbles in ice has high concealment, high information storage security, long storage time, and visualization characteristics.

[0074] The encoding process of the present invention is described below by taking the encoding rule of binary encoding as an example.

[0075] The encoding unit 2 is used to perform binary encoding on the information to be transmitted input via the input unit 1, and the encoded control signal is a voltage signal obtained by combining a high level and a low level, wherein the high level corresponds to 1 in binary and the low level corresponds to 0 in binary; at the same time, when the refrigeration unit 3 receives a high level in the control signal, the cooling capacity is increased so that the freezing rate is greater than the critical value; when the refrigeration unit 3 receives a low level in the control signal, the cooling capacity is reduced so that the freezing rate is not greater than the critical value. It should be noted that the critical freezing rate for trapped bubbles to appear in the ice is 3 μm / s, but bubbles will appear as long as the freezing rate is greater than 3 μm / s. Therefore, the appearance of bubbles when the freezing rate is greater than 3 μm / s is also an alternative to the present invention;

[0076] The working fluid in the freezing unit 4 is frozen in the order from near to far from the refrigeration unit 3, and the freezing length of the working fluid in the freezing unit 4 is determined by the duration of the control signal; the number of bits of the binary code corresponding to the control signal is recorded as N, and the working fluid is evenly divided into N working fluid intervals in the order from near to far from the refrigeration unit 3, and each working fluid interval corresponds to a binary bit; when the refrigeration unit 3 generates cold energy to freeze the working fluid in the unit 4 according to the control signal, if a high level is received, the cold energy is increased so that the freezing rate of the working fluid interval corresponding to the binary bit corresponding to the currently received high level is greater than the critical value, and bubbles are generated in the working fluid interval; if a low level is received, the cold energy is reduced so that the freezing rate of the working fluid interval corresponding to the binary bit corresponding to the currently received high level is not greater than the critical value, and no bubbles are generated in the working fluid interval.

[0077] Therefore, when the bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit 6 is a grayscale value, the position where the peak of the grayscale value curve corresponding to the working fluid appears is the position where the bubble appears, and the working fluid interval where the bubble appears represents the number 1; the working fluid interval where the peak of the grayscale value curve corresponding to the working fluid does not appear represents the number 0.

[0078] When the bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit 6 is the bubble type, the working fluid interval where the needle-shaped bubble appears represents the number 2; the working fluid interval where the egg-shaped bubble appears represents the number 1; and the working fluid intervals at other positions represent the number 0.

[0079] It should be noted that the present invention adopts the method of associating the trapped bubbles that appear after the water freezes with the freezing rate. Associating other gas bubbles that appear in other solids with the freezing rate is also an alternative to the present invention. The present invention adopts binary to encode the bubbles and transparent ice. Other encoding methods are also alternatives to the present invention. The present invention uses grayscale values ​​to identify the distribution information of trapped bubbles in ice. Therefore, other methods for determining the position of bubbles in ice are also alternatives to the present invention. The freezing direction of the present invention adopts vertical upwards. Other freezing directions are also alternatives to the present invention.

[0080] Further, Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the above-mentioned process of using trapped bubbles in ice for coded communication. First, the information to be transmitted is input, and the information to be transmitted is converted into a freezing control signal through a certain coding rule. Then, the freezing process is controlled according to the freezing control signal, from converting the information to be transmitted into the distribution information of trapped bubbles in the ice. When the information to be transmitted needs to be output, the bubble distribution information is first collected and converted into an image recognition signal, and then decoded into the information to be transmitted.

[0081] The above process of transmitting information by using trapped bubble coding in ice includes the following steps:

[0082] The first step is to input the information to be transmitted;

[0083] The second step is to encode the information to be transmitted into a freezing control signal;

[0084] The principle of information encoding in the present invention is to convert information into freezing time and freezing temperature to control the freezing rate, and its expression is:

[0085] (1)

[0086] In the formula, v is the freezing rate; t To freeze time; T Freezing temperature.

[0087] Figure 3 The relationship between freezing rate and the appearance of trapped bubbles in ice is given. v Greater than critical value v c When the freezing rate is controlled (current, voltage), trapped bubbles will appear in the ice, otherwise they will not appear. By controlling the freezing rate (current, voltage), trapped bubbles can be achieved at specific locations in the ice. Bubbles that appear within a certain range are called bubble layers.

[0088] In the third step, the refrigeration unit starts to control the freezing unit to freeze according to the freezing control signal. During the freezing process, the freezing is carried out from one side to the other side, and the length of the freezing is determined according to the length of the encoding content and the encoding rules. The freezing unit can be a single structure or a structure composed of multiple columns of freezing units. Figure 4 As shown, m columns of frozen units are combined into one structure;

[0089] The fourth step is to convert the bubble distribution information when outputting information is needed. The main purpose of collecting bubble distribution information is to obtain the distribution of trapped bubbles in the ice. The collected information can be in the form of image information, video information or other file formats;

[0090] The fifth step is to convert the obtained bubble distribution information in the ice into bubble characteristic signals that are easy for the machine to identify;

[0091] Step 6: Decode the bubble characteristic signal into information to be transmitted;

[0092] The seventh step is to output and display the decoded information to be transmitted.

[0093] By using the above-mentioned device and control principle, it is possible to realize information transmission by using trapped bubbles in ice. Figure 5 (a), Figure 5 (b), and Figure 5 (c) respectively show the freezing control signal curve, the bubble distribution information image, and the bubble characteristic signal curve. From the horizontal comparison of the three, it can be seen that corresponding to the specific position where the bubble appears, the bubble characteristic signal also has a peak at the corresponding position. When encoding information, trapped bubbles can be caused to appear at specific positions in the ice by freezing the control signal curve. When decoding the information, the collected bubble distribution information is converted into an image recognition signal. Finally, the image recognition signal is decoded into the information to be transmitted. In addition, when multiple coding units are combined together, the efficiency of information transmission can be multiplied. Figure 4 As shown, m coding units are placed side by side, and each coding unit has n coding intervals, so that more information can be encoded.

[0094] In addition, the study found that trapped bubbles have two shapes. When the freezing temperature is very low so that the freezing rate is greater than the critical value and greater than a higher threshold, the bubbles with an aspect ratio of less than 5 are defined as egg-shaped bubbles. When the freezing temperature is low so that the freezing rate is greater than the critical value but lower than a higher threshold, the bubbles with an aspect ratio greater than 5 are defined as needle-shaped bubbles. Therefore, it is also possible to consider using the shape of the bubble to further encode information. The bottom and top of Figure 6 (a) are bubble distribution information images of egg-shaped bubbles and needle-shaped bubbles, respectively, and the bottom and top of Figure 6 (b) are bubble characteristic signal curves of egg-shaped bubbles and needle-shaped bubbles, respectively. As can be seen from Figures 6 (a) and 6 (b), the bubble characteristic curves of the two bubbles are quite different, which shows that it is feasible to use bubble shapes to encode information.

[0095] The information transmission by using trapped bubble coding in ice is based on the principle of information conversion, which encodes the information into a freezing control signal that can control the freezing process. Freezing according to the freezing control signal can convert the information into trapped bubble information in the ice. Since the conversion process is an information encoding process, the encoding rules are diverse and extremely complex, which makes this communication method highly secure and concealed. The frozen medium is ice, which has the advantages of being easy to carry and transfer and can be preserved for a long time. The encoding process is also not easily affected by environmental factors, and is safe, stable, and has a low error rate. In the information decoding process, the bubble distribution information in the ice can be manually identified for decoding, or a machine can be used for automatic operation.

[0096] In order to make the technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly demonstrated, the information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific elements.

[0097] like Figure 7As shown, the keyboard 1 is directly connected to the programmable power supply 2, and the information to be transmitted is transmitted to the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 with a specification of 40mm×40mm×10mm after being encoded into a freezing control signal using binary. The thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 and the copper sheet 301 with a specification of 40mm×50mm×0.5mm are bonded by thermal conductive silicone grease; and the outside of the copper sheet 301 is covered with thermal insulation cotton 305; the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 is connected to a microchannel heat exchanger 303 with a specification of 40mm×40mm×20mm for heat dissipation; the microchannel heat exchanger 303 is connected to a constant temperature low temperature tank 304, and the temperature is cooled by flowing low temperature ethylene glycol medium.

[0098] The copper sheet 301 transfers the changing cooling energy generated by the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 according to the signal of the programmable power supply 2 to the deionized water 402 connected thereto, which has a solidification phase change temperature of 0°C and a solidification phase change latent heat of 334 kJ / kg; the deionized water 402 has an acrylic plate shell 401 on the outside to prevent the deionized water 402 from leaking out during the freezing process; the camera 5 transfers the collected bubble distribution information to the single-chip microcomputer 11, and the single-chip microcomputer 11 converts the bubble distribution information into an image recognition signal and then transfers it to the computer 12, and then the computer 12 decodes the image recognition signal generated by the single-chip microcomputer 11 into the information to be transmitted according to the binary decoding rule, and then transfers the information to be transmitted to the display screen 13.

[0099] The specific implementation of the entire operation process includes the following steps:

[0100] The first step is to input information into the device through the keyboard 9;

[0101] In the second step, after the codable power supply 10 receives the information inputted by the keyboard 9, the following formula is used to convert the information into a freezing control signal of the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302:

[0102] (2)

[0103] (3)

[0104] in, h To freeze the front position; k is the thermal conductivity of ice; t To freeze time; T m is the water solidification phase transition temperature; T is the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3; ρ is the density of ice; L is the latent heat of solidification of water; v is the freezing rate;

[0105] According to the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3 T With freezing timet The change trend sets the control signal, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3 T The lower the time period, the higher the level of the control signal, and the temperature of the refrigeration unit 3 T The higher the time period, the lower the level of the control signal, and the result is as follows Figure 8 The control signal shown is composed of a high level and a low level.

[0106] Based on formulas (2) and (3), the freezing control curve can be calculated after encoding the Arabic numeral 11 using the binary coding rule that the trapped bubble layer represents 1 and the transparent ice layer represents 0. The freezing control curve can be obtained Fig. 9 The bubble distribution information picture is shown.

[0107] In the third step, the thermoelectric cooling sheet 302 freezes the deionized water 402 according to the freezing control signal. It should be noted that the cold source control adopts the thermoelectric sheet temperature control, and other cooling methods such as liquid nitrogen are also alternative solutions of the present invention.

[0108] Step 4: When information needs to be output, use camera 5 to obtain Figure 8 Bubble distribution information shown.

[0109] In the fifth step, the bubble distribution information acquired by the camera 5 is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer 11. The single chip microcomputer 11 converts the bubble distribution information into a bubble characteristic signal and transmits it to the computer 12. The bubble characteristic signal is as follows: Fig.10 shown.

[0110] In the sixth step, the computer 12 decodes the image recognition signal obtained by the single chip computer 11 into information to be transmitted. According to the binary coding rules, the peak in the image recognition signal represents trapped bubbles, representing the number 1, and the area without peaks represents transparent ice, representing 0. After identifying the distribution information of the bubble layer and transparent ice in the ice, the computer 12 decodes it into information to be transmitted according to the binary coding rules, and the binary 01011 represents the decimal Arabic numeral 11.

[0111] In the seventh step, the computer 12 transmits the information to be transmitted to the display screen 13 for display and output.

[0112] In addition, when multiple freezing devices are arranged side by side, more information can be transmitted simultaneously. For example, two freezing devices can be used to encode two Arabic numerals 8 and 5 at the same time, wherein Figures 11 (a) and 11 (b) are freezing control signals corresponding to the Arabic numerals 8 and 5 transmitted by two freezing devices arranged side by side; Figures 12 (a) and 12 (b) are photos of bubble distribution information corresponding to the Arabic numerals 8 and 5 transmitted by two freezing devices arranged side by side; Figures 13 (a) and 13 (b) are bubble characteristic information curves corresponding to the Arabic numerals 8 and 5 transmitted by two freezing devices arranged side by side;

[0113] Furthermore, when using bubble type for information transfer, needle-shaped bubbles are considered 2, egg-shaped bubbles are considered 1, and clear ice is considered 0. Figure 14-16 To use the bubble type to transmit the Arabic numeral 19, specifically, Fig.14 The bubble type is used to transmit the freeze control signal corresponding to the Arabic numeral 19; Fig.15 A photo of bubble distribution information corresponding to the Arabic numeral 19 is transmitted using bubble type; Fig.16 The bubble characteristic information curve corresponding to the Arabic numeral 19 is transmitted using the bubble type.

[0114] In summary, the present invention utilizes the trapped bubble coding in ice to transmit information. The principle is to encode the information into a freezing control signal that can control the freezing process. By freezing according to the freezing control signal, the information can be converted into the trapped bubble information in the ice, that is, the freezing signal is used to control the bubbles in the ice to appear in a specific position and range, thereby converting the information content into the position distribution information of the trapped bubbles in the ice. Due to the diverse coding rules, it has the characteristics of strong concealment and high security. The present invention converts the information content into the information of the bubbles in the ice, and also has the characteristics of simple operation and low cost, and can realize the long-term preservation of information with low energy consumption. At the same time, the present invention makes full use of the low temperature environmental conditions and cheap raw materials in polar and high-altitude areas, and has the characteristics of green environmental protection. Finally, the operation of the encoding device and the decoding device of the present invention is not easily affected by the surrounding environment, and has the characteristics of high stability, simple structure and convenient operation.

[0115] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may certainly make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. An information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice, characterized in that: It includes an input unit (1), an encoding unit (2), a refrigeration unit (3), a freezing unit (4), a collection unit (5), a conversion unit (6), a decoding unit (7) and an output unit (8); The encoding unit (2) is used to encode the information to be transmitted input via the input unit (1), and transmit the encoded control signal to the refrigeration unit (3); The refrigeration unit (3) generates cold energy according to the control signal and transfers the cold energy to the freezing unit (4), so that the working medium in the freezing unit (4) forms a series of bubbles during the freezing process when it encounters cold; wherein different cold energy corresponds to different bubble shapes, bubble quantities and bubble positions; The acquisition unit (5) is used to acquire the bubble distribution signal in the freezing unit (4); The conversion unit (6) is used to extract bubble characteristic information from the bubble distribution signal; The decoding unit (7) is used to decode the bubble characteristic information into information to be transmitted, and then transmit the decoded information to be transmitted to the output unit (8) for output; The encoding unit (2) is used to perform binary encoding on the information to be transmitted input via the input unit (1), and the control signal obtained by encoding is a voltage signal obtained by combining a high level and a low level, wherein the high level corresponds to 1 in binary and the low level corresponds to 0 in binary; At the same time, when the refrigeration unit (3) receives a high level in the control signal, it increases the cooling capacity so that the freezing rate is greater than the critical value; when the refrigeration unit (3) receives a low level in the control signal, it reduces the cooling capacity so that the freezing rate is not greater than the critical value; The working medium in the freezing unit (4) is frozen in the order from near to far from the refrigeration unit (3), and the freezing length of the working medium in the freezing unit (4) is determined by the duration of the control signal; The number of bits of the binary code corresponding to the control signal is recorded as N, and the working fluid is evenly divided into N working fluid intervals in the order from near to far from the refrigeration unit (3), and each working fluid interval corresponds to a binary bit; When the refrigeration unit (3) generates cold to freeze the working fluid in the unit (4) according to the control signal, if a high level is received, the cold is increased so that the freezing rate of the working fluid interval corresponding to the binary bit corresponding to the currently received high level is greater than the critical value, and bubbles are generated in the working fluid interval; if a low level is received, the cold is reduced so that the freezing rate of the working fluid interval corresponding to the binary bit corresponding to the currently received high level is not greater than the critical value, and no bubbles are generated in the working fluid interval.

2. The information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit (6) is a gray value, the position where the gray value curve corresponding to the working fluid has a peak is the position where the bubble appears, and the working fluid interval where the bubble appears represents the number 1; the working fluid interval where the gray value curve corresponding to the working fluid has no peak represents the number 0.

3. The information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit (6) is the bubble type, the working fluid interval at the position where the needle-shaped bubble appears represents the number 2; the working fluid interval at the position where the egg-shaped bubble appears represents the number 1; and the working fluid intervals at other positions represent the number 0.

4. The information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The encoding unit (2), the refrigeration unit (3) and the freezing unit (4) are combined into a encoding component, and more than two encoding components are connected in parallel to achieve batch transmission of information to be transmitted.

5. The information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble distribution signal collected by the collection unit (5) is a bubble picture or a bubble video.

6. The information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The bubble characteristic information extracted by the conversion unit (6) from the bubble distribution signal is a picture gray value curve, the number of bubbles, the percentage of bubble area, the average bubble area or the average bubble perimeter.

7. The information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration unit (3) comprises a copper sheet (301), a thermoelectric cooling sheet (302), a microchannel heat exchanger (303), a constant temperature low temperature tank (304), and thermal insulation cotton (305); wherein one side of the copper sheet (301) is bonded with the thermoelectric cooling sheet (302) via thermal conductive silicone grease, and the other side is covered with thermal insulation cotton (305); the non-bonded side of the thermoelectric cooling sheet (302) is connected to the microchannel heat exchanger (303), and the microchannel heat exchanger (303) is also connected to the constant temperature low temperature tank (304); the flowing ethanol in the constant temperature low temperature tank (304) is used to cool the microchannel heat exchanger (303); The freezing unit (4) comprises an acrylic plate housing (401) and deionized water (402) located in the acrylic plate housing (401); The copper sheet (301) transfers the changing cold energy generated by the thermoelectric cooling sheet (302) according to the control signal to the deionized water (402) connected thereto, so that the deionized water (402) is frozen according to the rule corresponding to the control signal.

8. The information transmission system based on trapped bubble coding in ice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the working fluid is deionized water, the method for obtaining the control signal is: The information to be transmitted is converted into a freezing signal using the following formula: in, h To freeze the front position; k is the thermal conductivity of ice; t To freeze time; T m is the water solidification phase transition temperature; T is the temperature of the refrigeration unit (3); ρ is the density of ice; L is the latent heat of solidification of water; v is the freezing rate; According to the temperature of the refrigeration unit (3) T With freezing time t The change trend sets the control signal, wherein the temperature of the refrigeration unit (3) T The lower the time period, the higher the level of the control signal, and the temperature of the refrigeration unit (3) T The higher the time period, the lower the level of the control signal, and a control signal composed of a high level and a low level is obtained.

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