Crayfish breeding device and breeding method

Abstract

According to the crayfish breeding device and method, the breeding soil layer is arranged in the ring barrel, the breeding soil layer comprises kaolin, the ecological pond breeding technology is simulated, the natural chemical decomposition capacity of the kaolin is utilized, excrement and urine of crayfish are decomposed, and the breeding efficiency of the crayfish is improved. The water quality of breeding water is kept, the crayfish can absorb various elements in the breeding soil layer, the disease resistance and immunity of the crayfish are greatly improved, and the survival rate of the crayfish is increased. The crayfish is bred based on the device, the survival rate reaches up to 80%, and compared with a conventional land-based pen barrel for breeding the crayfish, the mature time is shortened by about 10%; compared with crayfish bred by an ecological pond breeding technology, the survival rate is increased by about 15%, and the maturation time is shortened by about 7%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of aquaculture, and specifically relates to a crayfish breeding device and breeding method. Background Art

[0002] Crayfish, also known as Procambarus clarkii, red crayfish and freshwater crayfish. Conventional land-based barrel farming of crayfish is to place a waterproof canvas in a round barrel, and then fill the barrel with water for farming. This method has no soil at the bottom, which makes it easy for crayfish to lack various trace and macroelements during farming, making crayfish prone to diseases and reduced immunity and resistance. In addition, the feces and urine of crayfish in the canvas do not have the natural chemical decomposition ability of soil, causing the water source to continuously deteriorate and deteriorate, making it unsuitable for crayfish farming. Therefore. An improved land-based barrel device is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a crayfish breeding device and a breeding method.

[0004] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a crayfish breeding device, the crayfish breeding device comprising a barrel; the barrel is arranged on the ground;

[0005] The barrel includes a breeding soil layer arranged on the ground;

[0006] The aquaculture soil layer includes kaolin; the height of the aquaculture soil layer is 25-50 cm, and the aquaculture soil layer is used to chemically decompose biological waste generated by aquaculture to control the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water in the barrel to be greater than 4 mg / L and the pH value to be 6.6-8.8.

[0007] Furthermore, the crayfish breeding device also includes a water inlet pipe and a drainage system;

[0008] The water inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the outside of the barrel, and the height of the water inlet pipe is greater than the height of the barrel;

[0009] The drainage system includes a barrel drain pipe, a drainage pool, a movable drain pipe and an external drain pipe;

[0010] The drainage pool is arranged on the other side of the outside of the circle barrel, and the bottom of the drainage pool is lower than the ground, and the top of the bottom of the drainage pool is higher than the ground; one end of the circle barrel drainage pipe passes into the circle barrel from below the ground, and the other end passes into the drainage pool from below the ground, and is movably connected with one end of the movable drainage pipe; the movable drainage pipe is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the external drainage pipe is arranged at one end of the bottom of the drainage pool away from the circle barrel, and is arranged parallel to the ground.

[0011] Further, the barrel drainage pipeline includes a first pipeline and a second pipeline;

[0012] The first pipe is vertically arranged in the barrel, and the second pipe is arranged below the ground; one end of the second pipe is fixedly connected to the first pipe at the ground, and the other end of the second pipe is passed into the drainage pool from below the ground;

[0013] The movable drainage pipe includes a first part and a second part; the first part is arranged below the ground, the second part is arranged on the ground, one end of the first part is fixedly connected to the second part at the ground, and the other end is movably connected to one end of the second pipe in the drainage pool.

[0014] Furthermore, the length of the first pipe is greater than the height of the aquaculture soil layer; therefore, an anti-escape net is installed at one end of the first pipe located in the barrel;

[0015] The length of the second portion is greater than the height of the barrel.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the aquaculture water is 70%-85% of the height of the barrel;

[0017] The material of the circle barrel includes waterproof canvas.

[0018] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for cultivating crayfish, the method being carried out using the above-mentioned crayfish cultivation device, the method comprising:

[0019] After the crayfish breeding device is installed, crayfish fry are placed in the barrel; the placement density of the crayfish fry is 20 tails / m 3 -30 tails / m 3 ;

[0020] Artificial feed is added to the pen barrel twice a day, and the biological waste generated by aquaculture is chemically decomposed through the aquaculture soil layer to control the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water to greater than 4 mg / L and the pH value to 6.6-8.8 until the crayfish mature.

[0021] Further, the artificial feed includes one or more of Peruvian fish meal, soybean cake, fermented blood meal, cottonseed cake, second flour, corn, bone meal, and ecdysone;

[0022] The crude protein content of the artificial feed is 38%-42%;

[0023] The particle size of the artificial feed is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

[0024] Furthermore, the artificial feed is fed twice a day until the crayfish mature, comprising:

[0025] The first artificial feed is released between 5:00 and 9:00 every day, and the amount of artificial feed released for the first time is controlled to account for 70% to 80% of the total amount released for the whole day;

[0026] The second artificial feed is released between 17:00 and 19:00 every day, and the amount of the second artificial feed accounts for 20% to 30% of the total daily release until the crayfish mature.

[0027] Furthermore, the crayfish breeding device also includes a water inlet pipe and a drainage system; the drainage system includes a barrel drainage pipe, a drainage pool, a movable drainage pipe and an external drainage pipe; the height of the breeding water is 70%-85% of the height of the barrel; the water quality of the breeding water is controlled, including:

[0028] Add the aquaculture water to the barrel through the water inlet pipe every 5 to 7 days, and the amount of water added is 5% to 10% of the height of the barrel;

[0029] and removing the movable drainage pipe from the barrel drainage pipe, so that the aquaculture water flows from the barrel drainage pipe into the drainage pool and then is discharged from the external drainage pipe;

[0030] When the total amount of the aquaculture water reaches 70%-85% of the height of the barrel again, the movable drain pipe is installed to the barrel drain pipe to ensure that the water quality requirements of the aquaculture water meet the requirements of dissolved oxygen greater than 4 mg / L and pH value 6.6-8.8.

[0031] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0032] Every 13 to 17 days, water-benefitting agent is added into the barrel; the amount of water-benefitting agent added is 4 g / m 3 -6g / m 3 ;

[0033] The aquaculture soil layer is replaced every 3 to 5 years to maintain the chemical decomposition capacity of the aquaculture soil layer.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] By setting a breeding soil layer in the barrel, and the breeding soil layer includes kaolin, the natural chemical decomposition ability of kaolin is utilized to decompose the feces and urine of crayfish, and the water quality of breeding water is maintained. In addition, crayfish can absorb various elements in the breeding soil layer, so that the disease resistance and immunity of crayfish are greatly improved, and the survival rate of crayfish is improved. The device provided by the present application is used to raise crayfish, and the survival rate is as high as 80%. Compared with the conventional land-based barrel-raising crayfish, the maturation time is shortened by about 10%; compared with the ecological pond breeding technology, the survival rate is about 15% higher and the maturation time is shortened by about 7%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a crayfish breeding device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a process of a crayfish breeding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] The following is an explanation of the reference numerals:

[0040] 1-barrel; 11-soil layer for breeding; 12-waterproof canvas;

[0041] 2- Water inlet pipe;

[0042] 31-barrel drain pipe; 311-first pipe; 312-second pipe; 32-drainage pool; 33-movable drain pipe; 331-first part; 332-second part; 34-external drain pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, top, bottom, inside, outside, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0047] Crayfish, also known as Procambarus clarkii, red crayfish and freshwater crayfish. Conventional land-based barrel farming of crayfish is to place a waterproof canvas in a round barrel, and then fill the barrel with water for farming. This method has no soil at the bottom, which makes it easy for crayfish to lack various trace and macroelements during farming, making crayfish prone to diseases and reduced immunity and resistance. In addition, the feces and urine of crayfish in the canvas do not have the natural chemical decomposition ability of soil, causing the water source to continuously deteriorate and deteriorate, making it unsuitable for crayfish farming. Therefore. An improved land-based barrel device is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems.

[0048] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a crayfish breeding device, characterized in that the crayfish breeding device comprises a barrel 1; the barrel 1 is arranged on the ground;

[0049] The barrel 1 includes a breeding soil layer 11 arranged on the ground;

[0050] The aquaculture soil layer 11 includes kaolin; the height of the aquaculture soil layer 11 is 25-50 cm, and the aquaculture soil layer 11 is used to chemically decompose the biological waste generated by aquaculture to control the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water in the barrel 1 to be greater than 4 mg / L and the pH value to be 6.6-8.8.

[0051] Illustratively, the crayfish breeding device provided in the embodiment of the present application is a land-based barrel breeding device 1, which is a highly intensive new green ecological breeding model, in which a circular breeding pool is arranged on the ground.

[0052] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the barrel 1 is a barrel-shaped structure (also called a circular breeding pond) set on the ground, and a breeding soil layer 11 of 25-50 cm is set on the ground in the barrel 1. The main component of the breeding soil layer 11 includes kaolin. The function of the breeding soil layer 11 is to chemically decompose the biological waste generated by breeding, so as to control the dissolved oxygen of the breeding water in the barrel 1 to be greater than 4 mg / L, the pH value to be 6.6-8.8, and the water quality to be fresh and pollution-free. The biological waste generated by the above breeding includes but is not limited to crayfish feces and urine, residual bait, fallen leaves, etc.

[0053] The main component of the breeding soil layer 11 includes kaolinite, which is a general term for clay or rock mainly composed of kaolinite minerals. The main mineral components include kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, quartz, feldspar, etc., and the main mineral component is generally kaolinite. The crystal chemical formula of kaolinite is 2SiO2·Al2O3·2H2O, and its theoretical chemical composition is 46.54% SiO2, 39.5% Al2O3, and 13.96% H2O. Kaolinite minerals belong to 1:1 type layered silicates, and the crystals are mainly composed of silicon oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum hydroxide octahedrons, in which the silicon oxygen tetrahedrons are connected in a two-dimensional direction in a way of sharing vertex angles to form a hexagonal grid layer, and the unshared apex oxygen of each silicon oxygen tetrahedron is facing one side; the apex oxygen of the silicon oxygen tetrahedron layer shared by the silicon oxygen tetrahedron layer and the aluminum hydroxide octahedron layer constitutes a 1:1 type unit layer. Kaolinite is insoluble in water, and placing it in the barrel 1 will not affect the water quality of aquaculture water.

[0054] Kaolinite, due to its special silicon-oxygen octahedral structure, can adsorb biological waste generated by aquaculture through adsorption, so that the biological waste is adsorbed into the aquaculture soil layer 11.

[0055] Optionally, the breeding soil layer 11 also includes rare earth soil containing rare earth elements, and the rare earth content is 538.73-1625.76 mg·kg -1 The average value was 976.94 mg kg -1 Rare earth elements include but are not limited to lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), etc.

[0056] The role of rare earth elements in crayfish farming mainly includes but is not limited to: (1) promoting growth and improving survival rate: rare earth elements can be used as growth promoters. By adding them to the farming soil layer 11, they can be absorbed by crayfish, thereby increasing the growth rate and survival rate of crayfish; (2) enhancing immunity and disease resistance: rare earth elements can improve the intestinal morphology and structure of crayfish and improve their disease resistance; (3) improving feed efficiency: the addition of rare earth elements can increase the crayfish's feed intake, increase daily weight gain, and reduce the feed-to-meat ratio, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of feed; (4) promoting reproduction and development: in crayfish farming, the addition of rare earth elements can promote its reproduction and development.

[0057] Optionally, in the breeding soil layer 11, the ratio of kaolin and rare earth soil is not limited, but the rare earth element content in the breeding soil layer 11 must be 10-50 mg / kg, that is, the rare earth element content per kilogram of breeding soil must be 10-50 mg.

[0058] Optionally, when installing the barrel 1, a preset number of layers of waterproof cloth can be laid on the ground first, and then a breeding soil layer 11 can be laid on the waterproof cloth, and then the barrel 1 can be installed. The purpose of setting the waterproof cloth on the bottom is to prevent water penetration.

[0059] The breeding soil layer 11 was tested for harmful substances, and the test results are shown in the following table:

[0060] Table 1

[0061] Serial number Test items unit Test results Detection limit Detection Methods 1 cadmium mg / kg Not detected 0.01 GB / T17141-1997 2 chromium mg / kg 9 4 HJ491-2019 3 mercury mg / kg 0.0101 0.002 GB / T22105.1-2008 4 nickel mg / kg Not detected 3 HJ491-2019 5 lead mg / kg 32.9 0.1 GB / T17141-1997 6 Total Arsenic mg / kg 0.0382 0.01 GB / T22105.1-2008

[0062] According to the above table, the content of harmful elements in the breeding soil layer 11 is extremely low, which meets the national standards and will not cause harm to the breeding of crayfish.

[0063] The embodiment of the present application sets a culture soil layer 11 in the barrel 1, and the culture soil layer 11 includes kaolin, so as to utilize the natural chemical decomposition ability of kaolin to decompose the feces and urine of crayfish, thereby maintaining the water quality of the culture water, and the crayfish can absorb various elements in the culture soil layer 11, so that the disease resistance and immunity of the crayfish are greatly improved, and the survival rate of the crayfish is improved. The survival rate of crayfish raised based on the device provided by the present application is as high as 80%, and the maturation time is shortened by about 10% compared with the conventional land-based barrel raising of crayfish; compared with the ecological pond breeding technology for raising crayfish, the survival rate is about 15% higher and the maturation time is shortened by about 7%.

[0064] As an optional implementation method, the crayfish breeding device also includes a water inlet pipe 2 and a drainage system;

[0065] The water inlet pipe 2 is arranged on one side of the outside of the barrel 1, and the height of the water inlet pipe 2 is greater than the height of the barrel 1;

[0066] The drainage system includes a barrel drainage pipe 31, a drainage pool 32, a movable drainage pipe 33 and an external drainage pipe 34;

[0067] The drainage pool 32 is arranged on the other side of the outside of the circle barrel 1, and the bottom of the drainage pool 32 is lower than the ground, and the top of the bottom of the drainage pool 32 is higher than the ground; one end of the circle barrel drainage pipe 31 passes into the circle barrel 1 from below the ground, and the other end passes into the drainage pool 32 from below the ground, and is movably connected with one end of the movable drainage pipe 33; the movable drainage pipe 33 is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the external drainage pipe 34 is arranged at the end of the bottom of the drainage pool 32 away from the circle barrel 1, and is arranged parallel to the ground.

[0068] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the crayfish breeding device also includes an irrigation and drainage system, namely a water inlet pipe 2 and a drainage system. The water inlet pipe 2 and the drainage system are respectively arranged on both sides of the barrel 1 to separate irrigation and drainage, which is beneficial to the regulation of water quality and the prevention and treatment of diseases.

[0069] Specifically, the water inlet pipe 2 is arranged on one side of the barrel 1, and the height of the water inlet pipe 2 is higher than the height of the barrel 1, so that clean water can be injected from the top of the barrel 1. The drainage system is arranged on the other side of the barrel 1, and can be arranged opposite to the water inlet pipe 2 or at 90 degrees to the water inlet pipe 2. The drainage system includes a barrel drainage pipe 31, a drainage pool 32, a movable drainage pipe 33 and an external drainage pipe 34.

[0070] Among them, the drainage pool 32 is arranged on one side outside the circle barrel 1, away from the position of the above-mentioned water inlet pipe 2, and the drainage pool 32 is half embedded in the ground, that is, the bottom of the drainage pool 32 is lower than the ground, and the bottom top of the drainage pool 32 is higher than the ground; one end of the circle barrel drainage pipe 31 enters the circle barrel 1 from the underground, and the other end passes into the drainage pool 32 from the underground, and is movably connected with the movable drainage pipe 33, and the movable drainage pipe 33 is arranged perpendicular to the ground; and an external drainage pipe 34 is also arranged at the bottom of the drainage pool 32, and the external drainage pipe 34 is arranged at one end of the bottom of the drainage pool 32 away from the circle barrel 1, and is arranged parallel to the ground, that is, the water in the external drainage pipe 34 will flow to the end away from the circle barrel 1, to ensure that the water quality in the circle barrel 1 is not affected.

[0071] The working mode of the drainage system is as follows: when the water of the barrel 1 needs to be drained, the movable drain pipe 33 is pulled out, and the water in the barrel 1 will flow out from the bottom, that is, through the barrel drain pipe 31, the drain pool 32 and the external drain pipe 34 in sequence; when the water does not need to be drained, the movable drain pipe 33 is plugged in to reconnect it with the barrel drain pipe 31. This utilizes the communicating vessel principle and the siphon principle in fluid mechanics.

[0072] Specifically, the communicating vessel principle: when the drain pipe of the barrel 1, the drain pool 32 and the external drain pipe 34 form a connected pipe system, the liquid inside them will reach the same level. When the movable drain pipe 33 is pulled out, the water inside the barrel 1 forms an open communication system with the drain pool 32 and the external drain pipe 34, and the water will flow out of the barrel 1 until the water level inside the barrel 1 reaches equilibrium with the water level in the drain pool 32 and the external drain pipe 34.

[0073] Siphon principle: When the movable drain pipe 33 is pulled out, if the water level of the barrel 1 is higher than the water level of the drainage pool 32, the water will flow out of the barrel 1 due to gravity. As the water flows out, the pressure inside the barrel 1 will decrease, forming a negative pressure. At this time, the external atmospheric pressure will push more water out of the barrel 1 until the water level in the barrel 1 drops to a level that can no longer maintain the siphon effect.

[0074] The embodiment of the present application separates irrigation and drainage by placing the water inlet pipe 2 and the drainage system on different sides of the barrel 1, which is beneficial to the regulation of water quality and the prevention and treatment of diseases. The drainage system is provided with a movable drainage pipe 33, which not only facilitates the drainage operation, can control the water level in the barrel 1, but also realizes the drainage function. The above-mentioned irrigation and drainage system further ensures the maintenance of the water quality of the aquaculture water, which is beneficial to improve the survival rate of crayfish.

[0075] As an optional implementation method, the barrel drainage pipe 31 includes a first pipe 311 and a second pipe 312;

[0076] The first pipe 311 is vertically arranged in the barrel 1, and the second pipe 312 is arranged under the ground; one end of the second pipe 312 is fixedly connected to the first pipe 311 on the ground, and the other end of the second pipe 312 is passed into the drainage pool 32 from under the ground;

[0077] The movable drainage pipe 33 includes a first part 331 and a second part 332; the first part 331 is arranged below the ground, and the second part 332 is arranged on the ground. One end of the first part 331 is fixedly connected to the second part 332 at the ground, and the other end is movably connected to one end of the second pipe 312 in the drainage pool 32.

[0078] Exemplarily, the barrel drain pipe 31 includes a first pipe 311 and a second pipe 312, wherein the first pipe 311 refers to the portion of the barrel drain pipe 31 that enters the barrel 1, and the first pipe 311 is arranged vertically to the ground; the second pipe 312 refers to the portion of the barrel drain pipe 31 that is arranged underground, specifically, the second pipe 312 includes a first section and a second section, the first section is a pipe vertical to the ground, the second section is a pipe parallel to the ground, and the first section and the second section are fixedly connected. The first pipe 311 and the second pipe 312 are in a fixed connection relationship, that is, the two are an integrated structure.

[0079] The movable drainage pipe 33 includes a first part 331 and a second part 332. The first part 331 is arranged underground. One end of the first part 331 is movably connected to one end of the above-mentioned barrel drainage pipe 31 that leads to the drainage pool 32, and the other end of the first part 331 is fixedly connected to the second part 332; the second part 332 is a pipe arranged on the ground, and the first part 331 and the second part 332 are an integral structure.

[0080] As an optional implementation method, the length of the first pipe 311 is greater than the height of the breeding soil layer 11; an anti-escape net 313 is installed at one end of the first pipe 311 located in the barrel 1; and the length of the second part 332 is greater than the height of the barrel 1.

[0081] Exemplarily, the length of the first pipe 311 is greater than the length of the aquaculture soil layer 11. This is to ensure that the soil layer does not enter the drainage pipe to prevent clogging of the drainage pipe. In order to ensure the anti-clogging effect, it is preferred that the length of the first pipe 311 - the height of the aquaculture soil layer 11 ≥ 10 cm.

[0082] Furthermore, in order to prevent crayfish from escaping from the barrel drain pipe 31, an anti-escape net 313 is provided at one end of the barrel drain pipe 31 leading into the barrel 1, that is, an anti-escape net 313 is installed at one end of the first pipe 311 located in the barrel 1.

[0083] Optionally, the anti-escape net 313 is a nylon net with a mesh diameter between 3 mm and 10 mm. The smaller the mesh diameter of the nylon net, the better the effect of preventing the crayfish from escaping.

[0084] In order to ensure the normal operation of the drainage system, it is necessary to set the height of the part of the movable drainage pipe 33 above the ground to be greater than the height of the circle barrel 1, that is, the length of the second part 332 is greater than the height of the circle barrel 1.

[0085] The embodiment of the present application limits the length of each part of the pipeline and sets an anti-escape net 313 on the barrel drain pipe 31, which not only separates the drainage system and the water inlet pipe 2 without interference, but also prevents crayfish from escaping from the drain pipe and prevents the soil layer from entering the barrel drain pipe 31, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the drainage system, which is beneficial to the regulation of water quality and the prevention and treatment of diseases, and further ensures the maintenance of the water quality of aquaculture water, which is beneficial to improving the survival rate of crayfish.

[0086] As an optional implementation method, the height of the aquaculture water is 70%-85% of the height of the barrel 1;

[0087] The material of the circle barrel 1 includes a waterproof canvas 12 .

[0088] Exemplarily, in order to ensure the best breeding effect of the barrel 1, the height of the breeding water is 70%-85% of the height of the barrel 1, preferably 75%.

[0089] In order to ensure the sealing performance of the circle barrel 1, the material of the circle barrel 1 includes a waterproof canvas 12, and the specification of the canvas is 560g-800g per square meter.

[0090] Optionally, the barrel body of the circle barrel 1 may also include an iron sheet wrapped outside the waterproof canvas 12, with a thickness of 1.3-2 mm.

[0091] The embodiment of the present application ensures the sealing performance of the barrel 1 and the aquaculture effect of the barrel 1 by limiting the height of the aquaculture water and the material of the barrel 1, thereby providing basic guarantee for aquaculture in the barrel 1.

[0092] The main breeding season for red claw crayfish is in spring and autumn. During the mating season, all red claw crayfish are very active during the day. When the water temperature is between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, they can reproduce all year round and lay eggs many times. The number of eggs laid each time varies depending on the size of the individual, about 300 eggs, and the annual egg laying is generally about 1,000 eggs. The fertilized eggs adhere to the abdominal limbs of the female shrimp to hatch and develop. The hatched larvae still attach to the abdominal limbs of the female shrimp for a period of time. After several molting, they leave the mother body and live freely.

[0093] Optionally, in order to ensure the breeding effect of crayfish, a water temperature maintaining device is also provided in the circle barrel 1, which can control the water temperature at 20-30°C during the crayfish breeding season.

[0094] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for cultivating crayfish, the method being carried out using the above-mentioned crayfish cultivation device, the method comprising:

[0095] S10: After the crayfish breeding device is installed, crayfish seedlings are placed in the barrel; the density of crayfish seedlings is 20 / m 3 -30 tails / m 3 .

[0096] For example, after the above-mentioned crayfish farming installation is completed, the farming water is injected to 70%-85% of the height of the barrel 1, and then the crayfish seedlings are placed in the barrel; the placement density of the crayfish seedlings is 20 tails / m 3 -30 tails / m 3 .

[0097] S30: Add artificial feed into the pen barrel twice a day, and chemically decompose the biological waste generated by aquaculture through the aquaculture soil layer to control the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water to greater than 4 mg / L and the pH value to 6.6-8.8 until the crayfish mature.

[0098] The embodiment of the present application uses red claw crayfish as the breeding test object. Red claw crayfish is an omnivorous animal. Under natural conditions, it mainly feeds on organic debris, epiphytic algae, filamentous algae, roots, leaves and fragments of aquatic plants. It especially likes to eat juicy and tender green plants, such as water lilies, water hyacinths, Malaysian pondweed, duckweed and dead grass. Animal food includes water worms, earthworms, eggs, pupae, snails, clams and fish meat of aquatic insects. In the case of artificial breeding, it can be fed with compound feeds, by-products of agricultural and sideline product processing (cakes, rice bran, wheat bran, etc.), scraps from slaughterhouses, and various tender terrestrial grasses, fruits, vegetable leaves, wheat, grains, etc. The feed in the shrimp farming is relatively easy to solve, so artificial feed can be used for breeding.

[0099] The red claw crayfish seldom digs holes in the breeding process, but the shrimp can dig holes under unfavorable living conditions, such as in the wintering process, this shrimp can dig holes. The red claw crayfish has a strong ability to tolerate low dissolved oxygen, such as still being able to survive when the dissolved oxygen content in the water is 1 mg / L, and can also survive for a long time under a moist micro-water state. In the breeding or wintering process, it is often found that the red claw crayfish appears on the embankment. The larvae and the shrimps with eggs should not be in a low dissolved oxygen environment, otherwise the death of the larvae and the embryonic eggs will be caused. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen in the breeding process should generally not be less than 4 mg / L, and the dissolved oxygen content should be higher in the hatching process. Therefore, the breeding soil layer 11 in the circle barrel 1 has played a role in decomposing the feces and urine of the crayfish, realizing the effect of maintaining the water quality of the aquaculture water, and also providing the crayfish with rare earth elements and trace elements for growth, which is more conducive to the growth of the crayfish.

[0100] In the subsequent feeding, artificial feed is put into the barrel 1 twice a day, and then the aquaculture soil layer 11 will automatically decompose the feces, urine, residual artificial feed, fallen leaves and other biological wastes produced by the aquaculture, so that the water quality of the aquaculture water in the barrel 1 is maintained at a dissolved oxygen of more than 4 mg / L and a pH value of 6.6-8.8.

[0101] Continue to raise crayfish using the above method until they mature, and then repeat the above steps for the next season of breeding.

[0102] After the installation of the crayfish breeding device in the embodiment of the present application is completed, crayfish fry are released and artificial feed is fed daily until the crayfish mature. Because a breeding soil layer is set in the pen barrel, the crayfish breeding device provided by the embodiment of the present application is used for breeding, and the natural chemical decomposition ability of kaolin is utilized to decompose the feces and urine of the crayfish, thereby maintaining the water quality of the breeding water. The crayfish can absorb various elements in the breeding soil layer 11, so that the disease resistance and immunity of the crayfish are greatly improved, and the survival rate of the crayfish is improved.

[0103] As an optional embodiment, the artificial feed includes one or more of Peruvian fish meal, soybean cake, fermented blood meal, cottonseed cake, second meal, corn, bone meal, and ecdysone; the crude protein content in the artificial feed is 38%-42%; and the particle size of the artificial feed is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

[0104] Exemplarily, the artificial feed may include one or more of Peruvian fish meal, soybean cake, fermented blood meal, cottonseed cake, offal, corn, bone meal, and ecdysone.

[0105] At the same time, in order to promote the growth of crayfish and increase the growth rate, improve feed utilization and reduce costs, and ensure the quality and safety of crayfish, the crude protein content in artificial feed is controlled at 38%-42%. Specifically, it can be adjusted according to the different growth stages of crayfish and seasonal factors.

[0106] In order to reduce the waste of artificial feed and improve the attractiveness of feed, the particle size of artificial feed should be greater than or equal to 5mm, but it should not be too large, and should be less than 20mm.

[0107] The embodiments of the present application limit the composition of artificial feed as well as the crude protein content and particle size of the artificial feed, thereby ensuring the nutrition of crayfish while reducing feed waste, which is not only beneficial to the growth of crayfish, but also helps to reduce pollution and ensure the maintenance of water quality for aquaculture.

[0108] As an optional implementation, the method of feeding artificial feed twice a day until the crayfish matures comprises:

[0109] The first artificial feed is released between 5:00 and 9:00 every day, and the amount of the first artificial feed is controlled to account for 20% to 30% of the total daily release; the second artificial feed is released between 17:00 and 19:00 every day, and the amount of the second artificial feed accounts for 70% to 80% of the total daily release, until the crayfish mature.

[0110] Exemplarily, the daily feeding amount is based on the principle of eating enough, finishing, and leaving no residual feed. Feed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. At night, feed 70% to 80% of the daily feeding amount, and in the morning, feed 20% to 30% of the daily feeding amount. The feeding time in the morning is 5:00-9:00 every day, and the feeding time in the evening is 17:00 to 19:00 every day. The reason for the large amount of artificial feed at night is that crayfish have the habit of hiding during the day and coming out at night. At night, they have a peak feeding period, and need more feed to meet their growth and activity needs, while reducing feed waste and water pollution, and promoting balanced growth.

[0111] Optionally, the daily amount of artificial feed released is determined based on the growth stage of the crayfish, the breeding density and the breeding quantity of the crayfish.

[0112] Optionally, feed is thrown in the shallow water of the drum, and the feeding situation of the shrimp should be observed frequently to adjust the feeding amount. In the actual breeding process, fixed-point feeding can be adopted. The advantage is that it is easy to observe the feeding situation and does not pollute the water quality. The disadvantage is that the shrimp will be uneven in size. Too little feeding will affect the growth of the shrimp, but too much feeding will increase the cost and cause the water quality in the pond to deteriorate, which is not good for the growth and molting of the shrimp. When the above-mentioned water quality deterioration is found, feeding should be stopped immediately and new water should be injected.

[0113] The embodiment of the present application controls the amount of artificial feed fed at different times of the day, which can not only control the growth rate of crayfish, but also help improve the utilization rate of feed and avoid water pollution, thereby maintaining the water quality of aquaculture water and improving the survival rate and growth rate of crayfish.

[0114] As an optional embodiment, the crayfish breeding device includes a water inlet pipe 2 and a drainage system; the drainage system includes a barrel drainage pipe 31, a drainage pool 32, a movable drainage pipe 33 and an external drainage pipe 34; the height of the breeding water is 70%-85% of the barrel height; the above method also includes:

[0115] Add aquaculture water to the barrel through the water inlet pipe 2 every 5 to 7 days, and the amount of water added is 5%-10% of the barrel height;

[0116] and removing the movable drain pipe 33 from the barrel drain pipe 31 so that the aquaculture water flows from the barrel drain pipe 31 into the drainage pool 32 and then is discharged from the external drain pipe 34;

[0117] When the total amount of aquaculture water reaches 70%-85% of the height of the barrel 1 again, the movable drain pipe 33 is installed to the barrel drain pipe 31 to ensure that the water quality requirements of aquaculture water meet the dissolved oxygen requirement of more than 4 mg / L and the pH value of 6.6-8.8.

[0118] For example, in order to control the water quality of the water used for the cultivation of crayfish, the water used for the cultivation of crayfish in the circle barrel 1 needs to be regularly updated, with an update cycle of every 5 to 7 days; the specific updating method is:

[0119] 5%-10% of the water of the barrel height is injected into the barrel 1 through the water inlet pipe 2, and then the movable drain pipe 33 is removed from the barrel drain pipe 31, so that the aquaculture water is discharged from the bottom through the barrel drain pipe 31, the drainage pool 32 and the bottom drain pipe. When the water level reaches 70%-85% of the height of the barrel 1 again, the drainage is stopped, and the movable drain pipe 33 is installed to the barrel drain pipe 31, so that the water quality requirements of the aquaculture water meet the dissolved oxygen greater than 4mg / L and the pH value of 6.6-8.8.

[0120] It should be noted that the above process can be to first discharge 5%-10% of the water in the barrel height, and then use the drainage pipe to inject 5%-10% of the water in the barrel 1 height, so that the water level is maintained at 70%-85% of the height of the barrel 1, that is, the aquaculture water in the barrel 1 is renewed.

[0121] As an optional implementation, the above method further includes:

[0122] Add water-enhancing agent to the bucket every 13 to 17 days; the amount of water-enhancing agent added is 4g / m 3 -6g / m 3 ; Replace the aquaculture soil layer 11 every 3 to 5 years to maintain the chemical decomposition capacity of the aquaculture soil layer 11.

[0123] For example, in order to maintain the water quality of the aquaculture water in the barrel, water-benefiting agent is regularly added to the barrel, with a period of 13 to 17 days, and the amount of water-benefiting agent added is 4g / m 3 -6g / m 3 It is preferred to administer once every 15 days, with a dosage of 5g per cubic meter.

[0124] Yishuisu is a microecological preparation specially used for aquaculture, which is mainly used to degrade ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in aquaculture ponds to improve water quality and promote the healthy and sustainable development of aquaculture. It is usually composed of a variety of beneficial bacteria, such as Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, sulfide bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. These bacteria are produced by solid fermentation, and the obtained Yishuisu has rich content of live bacteria and rich in various biological enzymes, which can effectively reduce ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in aquaculture water.

[0125] Furthermore, in order to ensure the decomposition capacity and trace element content of the aquaculture soil layer, that is, to ensure the functional effectiveness of the aquaculture soil, the aquaculture soil layer is replaced every 3 to 5 years to maintain the chemical decomposition capacity of the aquaculture soil layer.

[0126] The embodiment of the present application ensures the maintenance of the water quality of the aquaculture water in the barrel by regularly updating the aquaculture water in the barrel and regularly adding beneficial water into the barrel, and ensures the decomposition capacity and trace element level of the aquaculture soil layer by updating the aquaculture soil layer every 3-5 years, thereby achieving the maintenance of the effectiveness of the ability to decompose the feces and urine of crayfish, thereby maintaining the water quality of the aquaculture water, and ensuring that crayfish can always absorb various elements in the aquaculture soil layer, so that the disease resistance and immunity of crayfish are greatly improved, and the survival rate of crayfish is improved.

[0127] The present application embodiment also provides an analysis of the breeding effect of using the above-mentioned crayfish breeding device for breeding:

[0128] 1. The survival rate of crayfish raised based on the device and method provided in this application is as high as 80%. Compared with the conventional land-based barrel farming of crayfish, the maturity time is shortened by about 10%; compared with the ecological pond farming technology for raising crayfish, the survival rate is about 15% higher and the maturity time is shortened by about 7%.

[0129] 2. The experimental barrel farming does not occupy arable land and ponds, and does not require hardened ground. It can be carried out on abandoned barren hills and wastelands, which greatly improves the utilization rate of abandoned barren hills and wastelands, saves land resources, and has extremely important ecological value.

[0130] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions made to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the equalization changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crayfish breeding device, characterized in that: The crayfish breeding device comprises a barrel; the barrel is arranged on the ground; The barrel includes a breeding soil layer arranged on the ground; The aquaculture soil layer includes kaolin; the height of the aquaculture soil layer is 25-50 cm, and the aquaculture soil layer is used to chemically decompose biological waste generated by aquaculture to control the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water in the barrel to be greater than 4 mg / L and the pH value to be 6.6-8.

8.

2. The crayfish breeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crayfish breeding device also includes a water inlet pipe and a drainage system; The water inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the outside of the barrel, and the height of the water inlet pipe is greater than the height of the barrel; The drainage system includes a barrel drain pipe, a drainage pool, a movable drain pipe and an external drain pipe; The drainage pool is arranged on the other side of the outside of the circle barrel, and the bottom of the drainage pool is lower than the ground, and the top of the bottom of the drainage pool is higher than the ground; one end of the circle barrel drainage pipe passes into the circle barrel from below the ground, and the other end passes into the drainage pool from below the ground, and is movably connected with one end of the movable drainage pipe; the movable drainage pipe is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the external drainage pipe is arranged at one end of the bottom of the drainage pool away from the circle barrel, and is arranged parallel to the ground.

3. The crayfish breeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drum drainage pipeline comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline; The first pipe is vertically arranged in the barrel, and the second pipe is arranged below the ground; one end of the second pipe is fixedly connected to the first pipe at the ground, and the other end of the second pipe is passed into the drainage pool from below the ground; The movable drainage pipe includes a first part and a second part; the first part is arranged below the ground, the second part is arranged on the ground, one end of the first part is fixedly connected to the second part at the ground, and the other end is movably connected to one end of the second pipe in the drainage pool.

4. The crayfish breeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the first pipe is greater than the height of the breeding soil layer; an anti-escape net is installed at one end of the first pipe located in the barrel; The length of the second portion is greater than the height of the barrel.

5. The crayfish breeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the aquaculture water is 70%-85% of the height of the barrel; The material of the circle barrel includes waterproof canvas.

6. A method for cultivating crayfish, the method being carried out using the crayfish cultivation device according to claims 1-5, characterized in that: The method comprises: After the crayfish breeding device is installed, crayfish fry are placed in the barrel; the placement density of the crayfish fry is 20 tails / m 3 -30 tails / m 3 ; Artificial feed is added to the pen barrel twice a day, and the biological waste generated by aquaculture is chemically decomposed through the aquaculture soil layer to control the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water to greater than 4 mg / L and the pH value to 6.6-8.8 until the crayfish mature.

7. The method for cultivating crayfish according to claim 6, characterized in that: The artificial feed includes one or more of Peruvian fish meal, bean cake, fermented blood meal, cottonseed cake, second meal, corn, bone meal, and ecdysone; The crude protein content of the artificial feed is 38%-42%; The particle size of the artificial feed is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

8. The method for cultivating crayfish according to claim 6, characterized in that: The artificial feed is fed twice a day until the crayfish mature, including: The first artificial feed is released between 5:00 and 9:00 every day, and the amount of artificial feed released for the first time is controlled to account for 70% to 80% of the total amount released for the whole day; The second artificial feed is released between 17:00 and 19:00 every day, and the amount of the second artificial feed accounts for 20% to 30% of the total daily release until the crayfish mature.

9. The method for cultivating crayfish according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crayfish breeding device also includes a water inlet pipe and a drainage system; the drainage system includes a barrel drainage pipe, a drainage pool, a movable drainage pipe and an external drainage pipe; the height of the breeding water is 70%-85% of the height of the barrel; the method also includes: Add the aquaculture water to the barrel through the water inlet pipe every 5 to 7 days, and the amount of water added is 5% to 10% of the height of the barrel; and removing the movable drainage pipe from the barrel drainage pipe, so that the aquaculture water flows from the barrel drainage pipe into the drainage pool and then is discharged from the external drainage pipe; When the total amount of the aquaculture water reaches 70%-85% of the height of the barrel again, the movable drain pipe is installed to the barrel drain pipe to ensure that the water quality requirements of the aquaculture water meet the requirements of dissolved oxygen greater than 4 mg / L and pH value 6.6-8.

8.

10. The method for cultivating crayfish according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Every 13 to 17 days, water-benefitting agent is added into the barrel; the amount of water-benefitting agent added is 4 g / m 3 -6g / m 3 ; The aquaculture soil layer is replaced every 3 to 5 years to maintain the chemical decomposition capacity of the aquaculture soil layer.

Images