Oat green extract and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an oat green extract and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of plant extraction. The extraction method comprises the following steps: taking immature oat plants, cleaning and quickly freezing; mixing with sodium chloride, and crushing to obtain oat sections; mixing the oat sections with an ethanol solution, performing ultrasonic extraction, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain filtrate; and filtering, purifying and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the oat green extract. According to the method, the immature oat plants are adopted as extraction objects, the extraction method suitable for the immature oat plants is researched, the problem of plant waste caused by the fact that oats cannot be mature in special areas is solved, local resources are effectively and reasonably utilized, and the economic value of the oat resources is maximized. According to the extraction process, effective components of immature plants are dissolved into a solvent through low-concentration ethanol, low-temperature ultrasonic and freezing wall breaking technologies, the natural activity of the effective components in the oat is not changed in the whole process, and the nutritional value of the oat green can be reserved to a greater extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant extraction, and in particular to an oat green extract and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Oats (Latin name: Avena sativa L.) are grass plants. In the Compendium of Materia Medica, they are called brome and wild wheat. They are low-sugar, high-nutrition, high-energy food rich in dietary fiber. Oats are sweet and mild in nature and have high nutritional value. Oats are cold-resistant, drought-resistant, highly adaptable to soil, and can self-sow and reproduce.

[0003] Zhangjiakou is located at 41°~43°N, which is recognized as the golden latitude for oats. It is a plateau area with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters, an average annual temperature of 2.5℃, and an average sunshine of 16 hours, which is the best natural environment for oats to grow. In China, naked oats are the main crop, accounting for 92% of the oat planting area. The Zhangjiakou scientific research team has developed a variety of oat series varieties to adapt to different growth environments.

[0004] The special growth environment and growth time in some parts of Zhangjiakou will also cause many oats to fail to mature, and they were often used as feed in the past. According to the search, the invention patent with patent number 95117689.7 discloses a preparation process of wheat grass powder. The process for preparing wheat grass powder disclosed in the patent document is: using green barley leaves as raw materials, washing with clean water, injecting ozone into the clean water for sterilization, then ventilating and drying the leaf surface moisture, squeezing juice, removing residues, degassing the juice leaves, adding antioxidants and edible dispersible powders to mix, and finally making the finished product through vacuum freeze drying or spray drying. However, the existing technical steps use ozone to oxidize the active ingredients in the oat plant. At the same time, the active ingredients in mature oats and immature oats are not the same, for example, the soluble sugar and water content are very different. If the extraction method of mature plants is directly used, it may not be possible to extract the nutrients in the green oat plants to the maximum extent.

[0005] Currently, few people pay attention to the extraction research of immature oat plants. In addition to containing various trace elements such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, etc. necessary for the human body, as well as carotene and various vitamins, chlorophyll, enzymes, vitamins, SOD and other nutrients, the green oat plants also contain high levels of oat polyphenols, alkaloids, and glucans, which is a huge waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide an oat green extract and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is applicable to immature oat plants and has the advantages of being simple and convenient and being able to extract the nutritional value of the oat green to a greater extent.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is:

[0008] On the one hand, the present application provides an oat green extract, whose ingredients and contents include: 2.0-4.0% β-glucan, 30-50% cellulose, 3.0-6.0% saponin, 10-16% protein, 0.8-1.0% chlorophyll, 0.4-0.6% linoleic acid and 1.5-2.0×104u / 100g SOD enzyme.

[0009] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for preparing an oat green extract, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Take immature oat plants, wash them, and then quickly freeze them;

[0011] S2, adding sodium chloride to the rapidly frozen oat plants at a ratio of 1:0.2 by weight of the oat plants to crush them to obtain oat segments mixed with sodium chloride, and controlling the fineness to 60-80 meshes;

[0012] S3, mixing the oat segments with 10-30% ethanol solution, adjusting the ultrasonic frequency to 320W-800W for segmented extraction, controlling the extraction temperature to 25-30°C, extracting for 60 minutes, and separating the filtrate through an extrusion device;

[0013] S4. The filtrate is further treated with a 1.4 μm ceramic membrane to obtain a refined filtrate, which is purified and concentrated by a 200 Da nanofiltration membrane, and freeze-dried to obtain the oat green extract.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This application uses immature oat plants as the extraction object, which solves the problem of plant waste caused by the inability of oats to mature in special areas, effectively and reasonably utilizes local resources, maximizes the economic value of oat resources, and also provides a specific direction for the application research of immature oat plants.

[0016] 2. Compared with mature oat plants, immature oat plants are not the same in terms of component types and contents. This application has developed an extraction method for oat green in immature oat plants. This application rapidly freezes oat plants containing high moisture content. During the rapid freezing process, the moisture in the plant quickly forms ice crystals that pierce the cell membrane and destroy the cell wall, making it easier to extract the effective ingredients. This application uses low-concentration ethanol as a solvent, and uses ultrasonic-assisted technology to extract at low temperature and efficiently through ultrasonic action, so that the various components in the oat plant can be more easily dispersed and dissolved in the solvent through ultrasonic action. From an economic point of view, this technology greatly saves energy consumption, and combined with freezing and wall-breaking technology, the effective ingredients can be better and more fully extracted, and the yield and quality are improved. Ozone is not used in the process to avoid ozone oxidation of the effective ingredients. Microfiltration and nanofiltration technology are added to effectively solve the problems of pesticide residues, heavy metals and other harmful components.

[0017] 3. The present application can dissolve the effective ingredients of immature plants into the solvent through low-concentration ethanol + low-temperature ultrasound + freezing wall breaking technology, and does not change the natural activity of the effective ingredients in the oats themselves during the whole process. Compared with the extraction method of high-temperature steaming and crushing in the prior art (high-temperature extraction will change the quality of chlorophyll, and at the same time will cause protein deformation, SOD inactivation, and lack the active efficacy of natural products), the present application can retain the nutritional value of oat green to a greater extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the oat green extract prepared in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] The invention discloses an oat green extract, the components and contents of which include: 2.0-4.0% of beta-glucan, 30-50% of cellulose, 3.0-6.0% of saponin, 10-16% of protein, 0.8-1.0% of chlorophyll, 0.4-0.6% of linoleic acid and 1.5-2.0×104u / 100g of SOD enzyme.

[0023] A method for preparing an oat green extract comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. Take immature oat plants, wash them and then quickly freeze them;

[0025] S2, mixing the rapidly frozen oat plants with sodium chloride, and then crushing them to obtain oat segments;

[0026] S3, mixing the oat segments with the ethanol solution, extracting by ultrasonic, and then separating the solid from the liquid to obtain the filtrate;

[0027] S4, filtering, purifying and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the oat green extract.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the immature oat plants in the above step S1 are specifically oat plants that have grown for 2 to 3 months and have green ears.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the cleaning in the above step S1 is performed using a sodium carbonate solution with a concentration of 0.8-1.5%.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the rapid freezing temperature in the above step S1 is -20 to -12°C, and the freezing time is 1 to 5 hours.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of oat plants to sodium chloride in the above step S2 is 1:0.2; sodium chloride is added to the frozen oat plants to increase the damage to the oat plant cells and promote the dissolution of the active ingredients. The crushed oat segments are passed through 60-80 mesh.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the ethanol solution in the above step S3 is 10-30%, and the mass ratio of the oat segments to the ethanol solution is 1:(10-20).

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the temperature of ultrasonic extraction in the above step S3 is 25-30°C, the ultrasonic power is 320-800W, the pulse intensity is 0.90kV / cm, the number of pulses is 40 times, and the extraction time is 40-80min.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the solid-liquid separation in the above-mentioned step S3 is to squeeze out the filtrate using an extrusion device.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the filtration in the above-mentioned step S4 is specifically 1.4 μm ceramic membrane filtration; and the purification is specifically purification through a 200 Da nanofiltration membrane.

[0036] The features and performance of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] An oat green extract is prepared by the following method:

[0039] S1. Harvest the whole oat plants that have grown for 2 to 3 months and have green ears, wash the oat plants with bubbles using a 1% sodium carbonate solution to remove mud and other impurities, and clean the surface of the whole oat plants; put the cleaned whole oat plants into a -18°C refrigerator for rapid freezing and freeze for 4 hours.

[0040] S2. The frozen oat plants are mixed with sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:0.2, and then sent to a grinder for grinding. The oat segments are passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain oat segments, which are then put into a multifunctional extraction tank equipped with an ultrasonic system.

[0041] S3. Add 20% ethanol solution to the oat segment raw material at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, temperature 30°C, ultrasonic assisted extraction, power 500W, pulse intensity 0.90kV / cm, pulse number 40 times, extraction time 60min. Use extrusion equipment to separate solid and liquid, take filtrate, and remove insoluble particulate matter in the extract.

[0042] S4. The separation liquid is filtered through a 1.4μm ceramic membrane to remove insoluble impurities, such as tiny cellulose, trace amounts of fine sand and other substances, and also removes fungi and microorganisms in the product to obtain a refined filtrate; the refined filtrate is purified by 200Da nanofiltration membrane technology, and by adding dialyzed water, ethanol, ash, pesticide residues, heavy metals and other harmful substances in the product are removed; it also serves the purpose of concentrating the feed liquid; finally, the concentrated liquid is freeze-dried into a finished oatmeal extract, which is then screened, packaged and put into storage.

[0043] The actual picture of the oat green extract prepared in this example is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the contents of the ingredients include: β-glucan 3.5%, cellulose 42.8%, saponin 4.8%, protein 12.5%, chlorophyll 900mg / 100g, linoleic acid 500mg / 100g, SOD enzyme 1.8×10 4 u / 100g.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] An oat green extract is prepared by the following method:

[0046] S1. Harvest the whole oat plants that have grown for 2 to 3 months and have green ears, wash the oat plants with bubbles using a 1% sodium carbonate solution to remove mud and other impurities, and clean the surface of the whole oat plants; put the cleaned whole oat plants into a -18°C refrigerator for rapid freezing and freeze for 3 hours.

[0047] S2. The frozen oat plants are mixed with sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:0.2, and then sent to a grinder for grinding. The oat segments are passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain oat segments, which are then put into a multifunctional extraction tank equipped with an ultrasonic system.

[0048] S3. Add 15% ethanol solution to the oat segment raw material at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:18, temperature 25°C, ultrasonic assisted extraction, power 800W, pulse intensity 0.90kV / cm, pulse number 40 times, extraction time 40min. Use extrusion equipment to achieve solid-liquid separation, take the filtrate, and remove insoluble particulate matter in the extract.

[0049] S4. The separation liquid is filtered through a 1.4μm ceramic membrane to remove insoluble impurities, such as tiny cellulose, trace amounts of fine sand and other substances, and also removes fungi and microorganisms in the product to obtain a refined filtrate; the refined filtrate is purified by 200Da nanofiltration membrane technology, and by adding dialyzed water, ethanol, ash, pesticide residues, heavy metals and other harmful substances in the product are removed; it also serves the purpose of concentrating the feed liquid; finally, the concentrated liquid is freeze-dried into a finished oatmeal extract, which is then screened, packaged and put into storage.

[0050] The contents of the oat green extract prepared in this example include: β-glucan 2.9%, cellulose 49.3%, saponin 5.0%, protein 15.2%, chlorophyll 925mg / 100g, linoleic acid 485mg / 100g, SOD enzyme 1.7×10 4 u / 100g.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] An oat green extract is prepared by the following method:

[0053] S1. Harvest the whole oat plants that have grown for 2 to 3 months and have green ears, wash the oat plants with bubbles using a 2% sodium carbonate solution to remove mud and other impurities, and clean the surface of the whole oat plants; put the cleaned whole oat plants into a -15°C refrigerator for rapid freezing and freeze for 4 hours.

[0054] S2. The frozen oat plants are mixed with sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:0.2, and then sent to a grinder for grinding. The oat segments are passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain oat segments, which are then put into a multifunctional extraction tank equipped with an ultrasonic system.

[0055] S3. Add 10% ethanol solution to the oat segment raw material at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, temperature 30°C, ultrasonic assisted extraction, power 400W, pulse intensity 0.90kV / cm, pulse number 40 times, extraction time 80min. Use extrusion equipment to achieve solid-liquid separation, take the filtrate, and remove insoluble particulate matter in the extract.

[0056] S4. The separation liquid is filtered through a 1.4μm ceramic membrane to remove insoluble impurities, such as tiny cellulose, trace amounts of fine sand and other substances, and also removes fungi and microorganisms in the product to obtain a refined filtrate; the refined filtrate is purified by 200Da nanofiltration membrane technology, and by adding dialyzed water, ethanol, ash, pesticide residues, heavy metals and other harmful substances in the product are removed; it also serves the purpose of concentrating the feed liquid; finally, the concentrated liquid is freeze-dried into a finished oatmeal extract, which is then screened, packaged and put into storage.

[0057] The contents of the oat green extract prepared in this example include: 3.6% β-glucan, 40.5% cellulose, 4.9% saponin, 14.8% protein, 920 mg / 100 g chlorophyll, 510 mg / 100 g linoleic acid, 1.7 × 10 4 u / 100g.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] An oat green extract is prepared by the following method:

[0060] S1. Harvest the whole oat plants that have grown for 2 to 3 months and have green ears, wash the oat plants with bubbles using a 1.2% sodium carbonate solution to remove mud and other impurities, and clean the surface of the whole oat plants; put the cleaned whole oat plants into a -18°C refrigerator for rapid freezing for 2 hours.

[0061] S2. The frozen oat plants are mixed with sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:0.2, and then sent to a grinder for grinding. The oat segments are passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain oat segments, which are then put into a multifunctional extraction tank equipped with an ultrasonic system.

[0062] S3. Add 25% ethanol solution to the oat segment raw material at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12, temperature 30°C, ultrasonic assisted extraction, power 500W, pulse intensity 0.90kV / cm, pulse number 40 times, extraction time 60min. Use extrusion equipment to achieve solid-liquid separation, take the filtrate, and remove insoluble particulate matter in the extract.

[0063] S4. The separation liquid is filtered through a 1.4μm ceramic membrane to remove insoluble impurities, such as tiny cellulose, trace amounts of fine sand and other substances, and also removes fungi and microorganisms in the product to obtain a refined filtrate; the refined filtrate is purified by 200Da nanofiltration membrane technology, and by adding dialyzed water, ethanol, ash, pesticide residues, heavy metals and other harmful substances in the product are removed; it also serves the purpose of concentrating the feed liquid; finally, the concentrated liquid is freeze-dried into a finished oatmeal extract, which is then screened, packaged and put into storage.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] An oat green extract is prepared by the following method:

[0066] S1. Harvest the whole oat plants that have grown for 2 to 3 months and have green ears, wash the oat plants with bubbles through 0.8% sodium carbonate solution to remove mud and other impurities, and clean the surface of the whole oat plants; put the cleaned whole oat plants into a -18°C refrigerator for rapid freezing, and freeze for 2.5 hours.

[0067] S2. The frozen oat plants are mixed with sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:0.2, and then sent to a grinder for grinding. The oat segments are passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain oat segments, which are then put into a multifunctional extraction tank equipped with an ultrasonic system.

[0068] S3. Add 25% ethanol solution to the oat segment raw material at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, temperature 30°C, ultrasonic assisted extraction, power 500W, pulse intensity 0.90kV / cm, pulse number 40 times, extraction time 60min. Use extrusion equipment to achieve solid-liquid separation, take the filtrate, and remove insoluble particulate matter in the extract.

[0069] S4. The separation liquid is filtered through a 1.4μm ceramic membrane to remove insoluble impurities, such as tiny cellulose, trace amounts of fine sand and other substances, and also removes fungi and microorganisms in the product to obtain a refined filtrate; the refined filtrate is purified by 200Da nanofiltration membrane technology, and by adding dialyzed water, ethanol, ash, pesticide residues, heavy metals and other harmful substances in the product are removed; it also serves the purpose of concentrating the feed liquid; finally, the concentrated liquid is freeze-dried into a finished oatmeal extract, which is then screened, packaged and put into storage.

[0070] In summary, the oat green extract and preparation method thereof according to the embodiment of the present application have the following advantages:

[0071] 1. This application uses immature oat plants as the extraction object, which solves the problem of plant waste caused by the inability of oats to mature in special areas, effectively and reasonably utilizes local resources, maximizes the economic value of oat resources, and also provides a specific direction for the application research of immature oat plants.

[0072] 2. Compared with mature oat plants, immature oat plants are not the same in terms of component types and contents. This application has developed an extraction method for oat green in immature oat plants. This application rapidly freezes oat plants containing high moisture content. During the rapid freezing process, the moisture in the plant quickly forms ice crystals that pierce the cell membrane and destroy the cell wall, making it easier to extract the effective ingredients. This application uses low-concentration ethanol as a solvent, and uses ultrasonic-assisted technology to extract at low temperature and efficiently through ultrasonic action, so that the various components in the oat plant can be more easily dispersed and dissolved in the solvent through ultrasonic action. From an economic point of view, this technology greatly saves energy consumption, and combined with freezing and wall-breaking technology, the effective ingredients can be better and more fully extracted, and the yield and quality are improved. Ozone is not used in the process to avoid ozone oxidation of the effective ingredients. Microfiltration and nanofiltration technology are added to effectively solve the problems of pesticide residues, heavy metals and other harmful components.

[0073] 3. The present application can dissolve the effective ingredients of immature plants into the solvent through low-concentration ethanol + low-temperature ultrasound + freezing wall breaking technology, and does not change the natural activity of the effective ingredients in the oats themselves during the whole process. Compared with the extraction method of high-temperature steaming and crushing in the prior art (high-temperature extraction will change the quality of chlorophyll, and at the same time will cause protein deformation, SOD inactivation, and lack the active efficacy of natural products), the present application can retain the nutritional value of oat green to a greater extent.

[0074] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An oat green extract, characterized in that: The components and contents of the oat green extract include: 2.0-4.0% of β-glucan, 30-50% of cellulose, 3.0-6.0% of saponin, 10-16% of protein, 0.8-1.0% of chlorophyll, 0.4-0.6% of linoleic acid and 1.5-2.0×10 4 u / 100g.

2. A method for preparing the oat green extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Take immature oat plants, wash them and then quickly freeze them; S2, mixing the rapidly frozen oat plants with sodium chloride, and then crushing them to obtain oat segments; S3, mixing the oat segments with the ethanol solution, extracting by ultrasonic, and then separating the solid from the liquid to obtain the filtrate; S4, filtering, purifying and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the oat green extract.

3. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The immature oat plants in step S1 are specifically oat plants that have grown for 2 to 3 months and have green ears.

4. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning in step S1 is performed using a sodium carbonate solution with a concentration of 0.8-1.5%.

5. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rapid freezing temperature in step S1 is -20 to -12°C, and the freezing time is 1 to 5 hours.

6. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S2, the mass ratio of oat plants to sodium chloride is 1:0.2; the crushed oat segments are passed through 60-80 meshes.

7. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 10-30%, and the mass ratio of the oat segments to the ethanol solution is 1:(10-20).

8. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S3, the temperature of ultrasonic extraction is 25-30° C., the ultrasonic power is 320-800 W, the pulse intensity is 0.90 kV / cm, the pulse number is 40 times, and the extraction time is 40-80 min.

9. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation in the step S3 is to extract the filtrate by squeezing.

10. The method for preparing an oat green extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filtration in step S4 is specifically 1.4 μm ceramic membrane filtration; the purification is specifically purification through a 200 Da nanofiltration membrane.

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