A neurosurgery retractor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and more specifically, it relates to a retractor for neurosurgery, including a retracting mechanism, which includes a handle assembly, and a retracting assembly rotatably mounted on the handle assembly, the handle assembly including a first handle and a second handle rotatably connected together, and a matching self-locking member arranged on the first handle and the second handle, the retracting assembly including a support rod rotatably mounted on one end of the first handle and the second handle, a sliding member arranged on the support rod, a retracting hook rotatably mounted on the sliding member, and a parallel separation member arranged on the support rod. The present invention solves the problem that during surgery, the doctor's limb movements during surgery will cause the retractor's retractor hook to warp up or down, thereby causing excessive pulling on the patient's tissue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and more particularly to a retractor for neurosurgery. Background Art

[0002] Neurosurgery usually involves complex and delicate anatomical structures, such as brain blood vessels and nerves. The fragility and sensitivity of these structures require that a high degree of precision and stability must be maintained during the operation. Therefore, during the operation, clear exposure of the surgical field and precise traction of the tissue are the key to ensuring the success of the operation. With the continuous advancement of medical technology, the demand for auxiliary tools in neurosurgery is increasing. Retractors are an indispensable and important tool in neurosurgery, and their importance is self-evident.

[0003] Retractors are usually made of high-quality stainless steel or titanium alloy materials with good durability and biocompatibility. During the operation, the doctor can flexibly adjust the position and strength of the retractor according to the progress and needs of the operation to ensure stable exposure of the surgical area.

[0004] However, the retraction technology of existing retractors has some challenges and limitations. One major problem is that when doctors need to adjust the viewing angle during surgery, they may have to lean forward or backward due to the depth and angle of the surgical area. This change in body posture may cause the doctor holding the retractor to unconsciously change the angle of the retractor, which in turn causes the retractor to drive the retractor hook to tilt up or down, thereby causing excessive pulling on the patient's tissue. This pulling may not only cause additional damage to the surgical area, but also prolong the patient's recovery time and increase the risk of postoperative complications. In order to solve the above problems, a retractor for neurosurgery is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a neurosurgery retractor to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that during surgery, the surgeon's body movements may cause the retractor hook to tilt up or down, thereby causing excessive pulling on the patient's tissue.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A neurosurgery retractor comprises a retracting mechanism, which comprises a handle assembly and a retracting assembly rotatably mounted on the handle assembly, the handle assembly comprising a first handle and a second handle rotatably connected together, and a matching self-locking member arranged on the first handle and the second handle, the retracting assembly comprising a support rod rotatably mounted on one end of the first handle and the second handle, a sliding member arranged on the support rod, a retracting hook rotatably mounted on the sliding member, and a parallel separation member arranged on the support rod, the support rod being provided with a sliding groove at one end of the retracting hook, and a sliding member rotatably mounted in the sliding groove and connected to the retracting hook, a reset member being provided on one side of the sliding member, and a positioning block being provided on one side of the sliding groove, in an initial state, the sliding member is pushed by the reset member so that the retracting hook and the positioning block are engaged and cannot rotate, and during surgery, when the handle assembly is moved up and down, the positioning block pushes the retracting hook to separate, thereby realizing the rotation operation of the handle assembly.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the self-locking member includes a ratchet bar rotatably mounted on the first handle, a tooth block arranged on the second handle, and an elastic sheet arranged on the ratchet bar.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a movable hole is opened on the second handle, and the tooth block is arranged on the inner wall of the movable hole, and the ratchet bar is matched and engaged with the tooth block under the action of the elastic sheet.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the parallel separation member includes a limiting rod arranged on the two support rods, a centering spring arranged at both ends of the limiting rod, and an anti-drop cover arranged at both ends of the limiting rod.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that limiting holes are provided at one end of the two support rods close to the first handle and the second handle, and the limiting rods movably penetrate the limiting holes on the first handle and the second handle.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the sliding member includes a sliding block slidably installed in the sliding groove, and an anti-slip block arranged on the sliding block.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the sliding member further comprises a rotating shaft arranged at the middle end of one side of the retraction hook, a rotating shaft hole is provided on the side of the sliding block away from the anti-slip block, and the rotating shaft hole and the rotating shaft are rotationally matched.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that a gear cavity is provided inside the slider, and the gear cavity is connected to the rotating shaft hole, a gear is welded to one end of the rotating shaft away from the retraction hook, and the gear is arranged inside the gear cavity.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that a plug-in interface is provided on one side of the sliding block, and the plug-in interface is communicated with the gear cavity, and the positioning block enters the gear cavity through the plug-in interface and is matched and plugged with the gear.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that a through hole is formed at one end of the sliding groove away from the positioning block, and the reset member includes a guide rod movably inserted into the through hole, one end of the guide rod located in the sliding groove is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block, and a section of the guide rod located in the sliding groove is sleeved with a reset spring, and two ends of the reset spring respectively abut against one side of the sliding block and one end of the sliding groove.

[0018] (III) Beneficial effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a neurosurgery retractor, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In the present invention, the retractor hook and the slider on the support rod are connected by rotation, so that when the retractor hook retracts the patient's tissue for surgery, when the doctor leans forward or backward due to the depth and angle of the surgical area, the movement of the limbs will drive the handle assembly to rotate up and down, thereby preventing the handle assembly from driving the retractor hook to tilt up or down, thereby preventing excessive pulling from causing damage to the patient's tissue.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, parallel separation pieces are arranged on the two support rods, so that when the two retraction hooks move in opposite directions driven by the first handle and the second handle, they remain in a parallel state and move away from each other, so that the rotation directions of the two retraction hooks and the sliders on the support rods after separation are still the same, thereby making the handle assembly more smooth when rotating, and the retraction distance between the two retraction hooks will not be reduced due to the rotation of the handle assembly.

[0022] 3. In the initial state of the present invention, the reset spring pushes the slider to fit one end of the sliding groove, so that the gear in the gear groove in the slider is engaged with the positioning block at one end of the sliding groove. Therefore, the retraction hook is in an anti-rotation state under the engagement limit of the gear and the positioning block in the initial state, so that the retraction hook can be easily inserted into the tissue gap to be retracted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a retractor for neurosurgery.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retractor for neurosurgery after the retractor hooks are separated.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking structure of a retractor for neurosurgery.

[0027] Figure 5 The exploded structure diagram of the support rod, sliding member and retractor hook of the neurosurgery retractor is shown.

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning block and tooth block of the neurosurgery retractor being connected.

[0029] In the figure: 1. retraction mechanism; 2. handle assembly; 201. first handle; 202. second handle; 203. movable hole; 3. retraction assembly; 301. support rod; 302. retraction hook; 303. limiting hole; 304. sliding groove; 305. rotating shaft; 306. gear; 307. positioning block; 308. through hole; 309. guide rod; 310. reset spring; 4. self-locking member; 401. ratchet bar; 402. tooth block; 403. elastic sheet; 5. sliding member; 501. slider; 502. anti-drop block; 503. rotating shaft hole; 504. gear cavity; 505. plug interface; 6. parallel separation member; 601. limiting rod; 602. centering spring; 603. anti-drop cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directions used, such as "up" and "down", usually refer to the directions shown in the drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular or gravity directions; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" usually refer to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself, but the above-mentioned directions are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] For examples, see Figure 1 - Figure 6 A neurosurgery retractor includes a retractor mechanism 1, which includes a handle assembly 2, and a retractor assembly 3 rotatably mounted on the handle assembly 2, wherein the handle assembly 2 includes a first handle 201 and a second handle 202 rotatably connected together, and a matching self-locking member 4 arranged on the first handle 201 and the second handle 202, such as Figure 1As shown, the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 are arranged in a Y shape when one end of the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 are close to each other near the retraction assembly 3, so the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 are both handle rods bent at an obtuse angle, and the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 are rotatably connected at the bend, and the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 are integrally formed with finger rings at one end away from the retraction assembly 3. The retraction assembly 3 includes a support rod 301 rotatably mounted on one end of the first handle 201 and the second handle 202, a sliding member 5 arranged on the support rod 301, and also includes a retraction hook 302 rotatably mounted on the sliding member 5. And a parallel separation member 6 is arranged on the support rod 301, and a sliding groove 304 is opened at one end of the support rod 301 located at the retraction hook 302, and a sliding member 5 rotatably connected to the retraction hook 302 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 304, a reset member is arranged on one side of the sliding member 5, and a positioning block 307 is arranged on one side of the sliding groove 304. In the initial state, the sliding member 5 is pushed by the reset member so that the retraction hook 302 and the positioning block 307 are locked and cannot rotate. During the operation, when the handle assembly 2 is moved up and down, the positioning block 307 pushes the retraction hook 302 to separate, thereby realizing the rotation operation of the handle assembly 2.

[0034] The axial direction of the rotational connection between the support rod 301 and the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 is the same as the axial direction of the rotational connection between the first handle 201 and the second handle 202. The sliding member 5 is slidably installed on the support rod 301. When the ends of the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 away from the support rod 301 approach each other, the ends of the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 close to the support rod 301 move away from each other, thereby driving the two support rods 301 away from each other, thereby separating the retraction hooks 302 on the two support rods 301 from each other.

[0035] The self-locking member 4 includes a ratchet bar 401 rotatably mounted on the first handle 201 , a tooth block 402 disposed on the second handle 202 , and an elastic sheet 403 disposed on the ratchet bar 401 .

[0036] The second handle 202 is provided with a movable hole 203 , and a tooth block 402 is disposed on the inner wall of the movable hole 203 . The ratchet bar 401 is matched and engaged with the tooth block 402 under the action of the elastic sheet 403 .

[0037] The ratchet bar 401 is arranged in an arc shape, and a rotating cavity is opened on the first handle 201. One end of the ratchet bar 401 is arranged in the rotating cavity and is rotatably connected to the first handle 201. The end of the ratchet bar 401 away from the rotating connection passes through the movable hole 203, and the ratchet bar 401 passes through the movable hole 203 and extends to the end on the other side of the second handle 202. A hand shift block is integrally formed to facilitate the doctor to drive the ratchet bar 401 to unlock.

[0038] The size of the movable hole 203 is larger than that of the ratchet bar 401 , so that when the ratchet bar 401 passes through the movable hole 203 , the ratchet bar 401 has a movable space for rotation, and its movable space requires that the tooth groove on the ratchet bar 401 can be separated from the tooth block 402 in the movable hole 203 .

[0039] Furthermore, the elastic sheet 403 and the ratchet bar 401 are integrally formed, and the elastic sheet 403 is arranged at the end of the ratchet bar 401 away from the hand-shift block, and the end of the elastic sheet 403 away from the ratchet bar 401 abuts against the side wall of the first handle 201, and when the elastic sheet 403 abuts against the side wall of the first handle 201, the tooth grooves on the ratchet bar 401 are always matched and engaged with the tooth block 402, so that the retraction hook 302 driven and separated by the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 will not be reduced by the reset force generated by tissue separation, and the doctor needs to manually push the hand-shift block to rotate the ratchet bar 401, so that the tooth grooves on the ratchet bar 401 and the tooth block 402 are separated to reduce the spacing of the retraction hooks 302, otherwise it can only be adjusted in the direction of increasing the retraction distance, so the tooth grooves on the ratchet bar 401 and the tooth block 402 are helical teeth.

[0040] Among them, the elastic sheet 403 is set in an arc shape, and the arc-shaped elastic sheet 403 is better at producing deformation. When the tooth grooves and the tooth block 402 on the ratchet bar 401 need to be separated, the ratchet bar 401 is more convenient to rotate. If the elastic sheet 403 is in a straight shape and abuts against one side of the first handle 201, the rotation of the ratchet bar 401 will drive the elastic sheet 403 to abut straight against the side wall of the first handle 201. It is necessary to first apply a force that can bend the straight elastic sheet 403, and then wait until it is bent into an arc shape before it can be conveniently rotated. Therefore, it is not convenient for the doctor to manually push the hand dial block, and this inconvenient operation may even affect the operation of the operation.

[0041] The parallel separation member 6 includes a limiting rod 601 disposed on the two supporting rods 301 , a centering spring 602 disposed at both ends of the limiting rod 601 , and an anti-drop cover 603 disposed at both ends of the limiting rod 601 .

[0042] The two support rods 301 have limiting holes 303 at one end close to the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 , and the limiting rod 601 movably passes through the limiting holes 303 on the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 .

[0043] There is only one limiting rod 601, which passes through the limiting holes 303 on the two support rods 301, so that when the ring ends of the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 are close to each other, the ends of the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 that are rotatably connected to the support rod 301 move in opposite directions. Through the setting of the limiting rod 601, the two support rods 301 are gradually separated in parallel.

[0044] Specifically, each of the limit rods 601 is sleeved with a centering spring 602, and the two ends of the two centering springs 602 respectively contact the inner walls of the two anti-detachment covers 603 and the side walls of the two support rods 301. In the initial state, under the action of the centering springs 602 at both ends of the limit rod 601, the two support rods 301 are pushed closer to the center position. Driven by the first handle 201 and the second handle 202, when the two support rods 301 on the limit rod 601 move away from each other, the centering spring 602 is pushed and squeezed, so that the centering spring 602 is in a compressed state. When the doctor manually operates the hand shift block to drive the ratchet bar 401 to rotate and unlock, the compressed centering spring 602 is reset, thereby pushing the two support rods 301 closer to the center, so that the two retracting hooks 302 that are retracted have a reset tendency to move closer, but this reset tendency can be changed by manual manipulation.

[0045] Preferably, the inner diameter of the anti-detachment cover 603 is larger than the diameter of the centering spring 602, so that when the centering spring 602 contacts the anti-detachment cover 603, one end of the centering spring 602 is located inside the anti-detachment cover 603, thereby preventing the centering spring 602 from being squeezed and deformed when the first handle 201 and the second handle 202 drive the two support rods 301 to push and squeeze the centering spring 602, thereby causing the centering spring 602 to be misplaced and detached from the side of the anti-detachment cover 603.

[0046] The sliding member 5 includes a sliding block 501 slidably installed in the sliding groove 304 , and an anti-slip block 502 arranged on the sliding block 501 .

[0047] The slider 501 and the anti-slip block 502 are integrally formed, one side of the slider 501 is rotatably connected to the retraction hook 302, and the anti-slip block 502 is arranged on the side of the slider 501 away from the retraction hook 302. The anti-slip block 502 protrudes from the outside of the sliding groove 304 and fits with the side wall of the support rod 301, thereby preventing the retraction hook 302 from moving to both sides and separating, and will not drive the slider 501 to detach from the sliding groove 304.

[0048] The sliding member 5 also includes a rotating shaft 305 arranged at the middle end of one side of the retraction hook 302. A rotating shaft hole 503 is opened on the side of the sliding block 501 away from the anti-detachment block 502, and the rotating shaft hole 503 and the rotating shaft 305 are rotationally matched. The rotating shaft 305 is welded to the middle position of the upper end of one side of the retraction hook 302, so that no matter what position the handle assembly 2 is rotated to, the end of the retraction hook 302 used to retract the patient's tissue is always facing downward, so that it can be inserted into the gap between the tissues to be retracted and separated.

[0049] If the position of the rotating shaft 305 is not located in the middle of the upper end of one side of the retracting hook 302, but at one end or other positions, the direction of the retracting end of the retracting hook 302 will be affected, because the rotating shaft 305 is the rotation axis of the retracting hook 302. When the rotating shaft 305 is not in the middle of the retracting hook 302, it will cause the weights of the two ends of the retracting hook 302 to be different, so that one end will be tilted, thereby making the retracting end of the retracting hook 302 not parallel to the ground, which will make it inconvenient for the doctor to adjust the angle in the initial state during the retraction operation.

[0050] A gear cavity 504 is formed inside the slider 501 , and the gear cavity 504 is connected to the shaft hole 503 . A gear 306 is welded to one end of the shaft 305 away from the retracting hook 302 , and the gear 306 is disposed inside the gear cavity 504 .

[0051] The inner diameter of the gear cavity 504 is larger than the diameter of the shaft hole 503 , so that the gear 306 in the gear cavity 504 has an anti-slip function, and is used to pull the hook 302 away from the anti-slip limiter installed on the slider 501 through the shaft 305 .

[0052] The diameter of the gear 306 is the same as the inner diameter of the gear cavity 504 , and the thickness is the same and matched, so as to avoid the shaking of the retracting hook 302 after installation.

[0053] An insertion port 505 is provided on one side of the slider 501 , and the insertion port 505 is communicated with the gear cavity 504 . The positioning block 307 enters the gear cavity 504 through the insertion port 505 and is mated with the gear 306 .

[0054] The plug-in interface 505 is provided on one side of the gear cavity 504, and the plug-in interface 505 corresponds to the positioning block 307, and the side of the plug-in interface 505 close to the positioning block 307 is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is used for guiding the plug-in of the positioning block 307, thereby avoiding the situation that after the retractor is worn out due to long-term use, the positioning block 307 and the plug-in interface 505 do not have the initial matching accuracy, thereby causing plug-in difficulties.

[0055] The two sides of the positioning block 307 are inclined, and the multiple notches on the gear 306 are also inclined. Therefore, when the doctor applies a rotational force to the handle assembly 2, the positioning block 307 will be driven through the inclined surfaces on both sides and the inclined surface on the gear 306 to gradually push the gear 306. Because it is an inclined surface, the doctor does not need to apply much rotational force to the handle assembly 2 to separate the positioning block 307 and the notches on the gear 306 for rotation.

[0056] A through hole 308 is formed at one end of the sliding groove 304 away from the positioning block 307, and the reset member includes a guide rod 309 movably inserted into the through hole 308, one end of the guide rod 309 located in the sliding groove 304 is fixedly connected to one side of the slider 501, and a reset spring 310 is sleeved on a section of the guide rod 309 located in the sliding groove 304;

[0057] Two ends of the return spring 310 respectively abut against one side of the slider 501 and one end of the sliding slot 304 .

[0058] Under the action of the return spring 310, the return spring 310 pushes the slider 501 to contact one side of the sliding groove 304, so that the positioning block 307 and the gear 306 inside the slider 501 are engaged. Therefore, under normal conditions, the retraction hook 302 and the support rod 301 do not rotate, so it is convenient to insert into the tissue gap to be retracted during surgery. During the operation, the retraction hook 302 retracts the tissue in a fixed state. When the doctor rotates the handle assembly 2 with his limbs, the support rod 301 is driven to rotate. When the support rod 301 rotates and thus drives the positioning block 307 to rotate, the positioning block 307 is disengaged from the notch of the gear 306 and enters the next notch of the gear 306. In the process of the positioning block 307 switching the notch of the gear 306, it will push the slider 501 to move in the sliding groove 304 and compress the return spring 310.

[0059] It should be noted that the elastic coefficient of the reset spring 310 is relatively low. If the elastic coefficient of the reset spring 310 is relatively large, then when the positioning block 307 switches on the gear 306 slot, a relatively large rotational force will need to be applied. This will cause a relatively large rotational resistance between the handle assembly 2 and the retraction hook 302, which will still cause the handle assembly 2 to drive the retraction hook 302 to rotate excessively and pull the tissue. The elastic coefficient of the reset spring 310 is relatively low, so that the support rod 301 rotates and the positioning block 307 can be easily switched on the gear 306 slot, so that the force used by the handle assembly 2 to drive the retraction hook 302 to rotate is relatively small, and this force is much smaller than the pulling force that may cause damage to the tissue.

[0060] Furthermore, when the positioning block 307 switches the notch of the gear 306, it pushes the slider 501 to move, and the moving distance is less than the distance that the human tissue can move safely, so that when the positioning block 307 switches the notch of the gear 306, the retraction hook 302 drives the human tissue to move slightly back and forth.

[0061] Specifically, it can be explained that the interlocking distance between the positioning block 307 and the gear 306 is smaller than the distance within which human tissue can move safely.

[0062] In all the schemes mentioned above, the connection between two parts can be selected according to actual conditions by welding, bolt and nut matching connection, bolt or screw connection or other well-known connection methods, which will not be described one by one here. In the above, welding is preferred for all fixed connections. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it can be understood by ordinary technicians in this field that various changes, modifications, substitutions and deformations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A neurosurgery retractor, characterized by: include, A retraction mechanism (1) comprises a handle assembly (2) and a retraction assembly (3) rotatably mounted on the handle assembly (2); The handle assembly (2) comprises a first handle (201) and a second handle (202) which are rotatably connected together, and a matching self-locking member (4) arranged on the first handle (201) and the second handle (202); The retraction assembly (3) comprises a support rod (301) rotatably mounted on one end of the first handle (201) and the second handle (202), a sliding member (5) arranged on the support rod (301), a retraction hook (302) rotatably mounted on the sliding member (5), and a parallel separation member (6) arranged on the support rod (301); The parallel separation member (6) comprises a limiting rod (601) arranged on the two supporting rods (301), a centering spring (602) arranged at both ends of the limiting rod (601), and an anti-drop cover (603) arranged at both ends of the limiting rod (601); The two ends of the two centering springs (602) respectively contact the inner walls of the two anti-drop covers (603) and the side walls of the two support rods (301); The support rod (301) is provided with a sliding groove (304) at one end of the retracting hook (302), and a sliding member (5) rotatably connected to the retracting hook (302) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (304), a reset member is provided on one side of the sliding member (5), and a positioning block (307) is provided on one side of the sliding groove (304); In the initial state, the sliding member (5) is pushed by the reset member so that the retracting hook (302) and the positioning block (307) are locked and cannot rotate. During the operation, when the handle assembly (2) is moved up and down, the positioning block (307) pushes the retracting hook (302) to separate, thereby realizing the rotation operation of the handle assembly (2); The sliding member (5) comprises a sliding block (501) slidably mounted in the sliding groove (304), and an anti-slip block (502) arranged on the sliding block (501); The sliding member (5) further comprises a rotating shaft (305) arranged at the middle end of one side of the retracting hook (302); a rotating shaft hole (503) is provided on the side of the sliding block (501) away from the anti-slip block (502); and the rotating shaft hole (503) and the rotating shaft (305) are rotationally matched; A gear cavity (504) is provided inside the slider (501), and the gear cavity (504) is communicated with the shaft hole (503); A gear (306) is welded to one end of the rotating shaft (305) away from the retracting hook (302), and the gear (306) is arranged inside the gear cavity (504); A plug-in port (505) is provided on one side of the slider (501), and the plug-in port (505) is in communication with the gear cavity (504); The positioning block (307) enters the gear cavity (504) through the insertion port (505) and is matched and plugged with the gear (306).

2. A neurosurgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking member (4) comprises a ratchet bar (401) rotatably mounted on the first handle (201), a tooth block (402) arranged on the second handle (202), and an elastic sheet (403) arranged on the ratchet bar (401).

3. A neurosurgery retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second handle (202) is provided with a movable hole (203), and the tooth block (402) is arranged on the inner wall of the movable hole (203); The ratchet bar (401) is matched and engaged with the tooth block (402) under the action of the elastic sheet (403).

4. A neurosurgery retractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two support rods (301) are provided with limiting holes (303) at one end close to the first handle (201) and the second handle (202), and the limiting rod (601) movably passes through the limiting holes (303) on the first handle (201) and the second handle (202).

5. A neurosurgery retractor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A through hole (308) is formed at one end of the sliding groove (304) away from the positioning block (307); The reset member comprises a guide rod (309) movably inserted into the through hole (308), one end of the guide rod (309) located in the sliding groove (304) is fixedly connected to one side of the slider (501), and a section of the guide rod (309) located in the sliding groove (304) is sleeved with a reset spring (310); The two ends of the return spring (310) respectively abut against one side of the slider (501) and one end of the sliding groove (304).

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