Gear and rack transmission type vertical sliding set

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool parts, and discloses a gear and rack transmission type vertical sliding set which comprises a stand column and a dragging block, the stand column comprises a main column body and two side column bodies which are parallel to each other in the column height direction, and the two side column bodies are connected to one side face of the main column body so that the stand column can be in a channel steel shape; the side face of the main column body serves as a groove bottom face of the stand column, the opposite side faces of the two side column bodies serve as two groove side faces of the stand column, the two parallel side faces of the dragging block and the two groove side faces of the stand column are in sliding connection through guide rails respectively, and the rear face of the dragging block and the groove bottom face of the stand column are in sliding connection through guide rails. The sliding direction of the dragging block is parallel to the column height direction of the stand column, a rack is arranged on one groove side face of the stand column, the length direction of the rack is parallel to the column height direction of the stand column, a gear is rotationally connected to the dragging block, the gear and the rack are in meshing transmission, a speed reducing mechanism and a servo motor are connected to the dragging block, and the gear is driven by the speed reducing mechanism to rotate. The speed reducing mechanism is driven by a servo motor to rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool components, and more specifically to a gear rack transmission type vertical slide group. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools are commonly used processing equipment in the field of machinery. Each CNC machine tool generally includes multiple sets of slide groups, such as X-axis slide groups, Y-axis slide groups and Z-axis slide groups. Each set of slide groups usually includes a base, and one side of the base is installed with two or more parallel guide rails. These guide rails are respectively slidably connected with sliders, and these sliders are commonly connected with a carriage, which is used to connect the slide ram assembly, and / or the swing head, and / or the tool, etc. A ball screw is also rotatably connected to this surface of the base. The axis of the ball screw is parallel to the length direction of these guide rails, and the ball screw is generally arranged between two of the guide rails. One end of the ball screw is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, and the nut on the ball screw is connected to the carriage, so that the servo motor is used to drive the carriage to move back and forth along the length direction of the guide rail. This type of slide group has a simple and compact structure, relatively stable transmission, and simple control, and can be applied to most CNC machine tools.

[0003] However, for larger machine tools, especially when the slide group is used as a Z-axis slide group, that is, a vertical slide group, if the above-mentioned slide group form is adopted, the base becomes a column, and the slide plate of the vertical slide group has only one side connected to the column, and the slide plate and the parts connected thereto are in a single-sided cantilever state. In this way, on the one hand, due to the gap at the single-sided connection and other reasons, the slide plate or the parts connected thereto may be tilted or shaken, etc., which may easily cause large processing errors. On the other hand, due to the single-sided connection, the center of gravity of the slide plate and the parts connected thereto is too offset, which may also easily cause large processing errors. In particular, another slide assembly is connected to the slide plate, which may be an X-axis slide group or a Y-axis slide group. The center of gravity of the slide assembly itself also changes during the operation of the machine tool. For example, in a large CNC boring and milling machine, if the vertical slide group adopts the above-mentioned slide group form, the change of the center of gravity of the slide plate of the vertical slide group and the slide assembly connected thereto will be more complicated, and the processing error caused will be greater. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a gear rack transmission type vertical slide group. The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions.

[0005] The cam is an angularly-spaced unit with two opposite ends extending along a line which is parallel to the top of the column and onto which the two ends extend.

[0006] The drag block in this solution is similar to the drag plate in the prior art. Because it needs to match the guide rail in the column height direction, the height dimension is relatively large, so it is called a drag block. This solution drives the reduction mechanism to operate through a servo motor, thereby driving the gear to rotate, and then drives the drag block up and down through the gear and rack meshing transmission. The three adjacent surfaces on the drag block in this solution are slidably connected to the column through the guide rail, forming a three-sided support for the drag block and the parts connected thereto. On the one hand, this can greatly reduce the degree of tilt or shaking of the drag block and the parts connected thereto, improve stability, reduce processing errors, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher. On the other hand, the formation of three-sided support can reduce the degree of center of gravity offset, further reduce processing errors, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher.

[0007] As a further improved structural form, a rack is provided on the side of another groove of the above-mentioned column, the two racks have the same specifications and are symmetrically arranged, and the drag block is rotatably connected to two gears of the same specifications, and the two gears are respectively meshed with the two racks for transmission; the drag block is connected to two sets of identical reduction mechanisms and two identical servo motors, and the two gears are respectively driven to rotate by the two sets of reduction mechanisms, and the two sets of reduction mechanisms are respectively driven to rotate by the two servo motors; or the drag block is connected to two sets of identical reduction mechanisms and a servo motor, and the two gears are respectively driven to rotate by the two sets of reduction mechanisms, and the two sets of reduction mechanisms are both connected to the servo motor and driven to rotate by the servo motor. This structural form can further improve the stability of the drag block when it moves up and down, further reduce the processing error, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher.

[0008] As a further improved structural form, the rack is a herringbone rack and the gear is a herringbone gear. The use of a herringbone gear rack can further improve the stability of the transmission, thereby improving the stability of the drag block when it moves up and down, further reducing the processing error, and making the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher.

[0009] As a further improved structural form, at least one set of grating ruler is arranged between the drag block and the column. The grating ruler is used to feedback the movement or position signal of the drag block, and the control accuracy can be further improved in conjunction with the servo motor, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the machine tool.

[0010] As a further improved structural form, at least one sprocket is provided on the top surface of the column, a chain is wound around the sprocket, one end of the chain is connected to the top surface of the drag block, and the other end of the chain is connected to a counterweight block, which is arranged outside the column. This structural form can greatly reduce the degree of center of gravity offset by adding a counterweight structure, even if a ram assembly is connected to the drag block, and the counterweight structure is always effective during the up and down movement of the drag block, thereby greatly improving the stability of the drag block when it moves up and down, and making the machining accuracy of the machine tool higher.

[0011] As a further improved structural form, the rear of the drag block and the bottom surface of the column groove are slidably connected by a heavy-duty guide rail. The heavy-duty guide rail can further improve the stability of the drag block when it moves up and down, further reduce the processing error, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects: the three adjacent surfaces on the drag block are slidably connected to the column through the guide rail, forming a three-sided support for the drag block and the parts connected thereto, which can greatly reduce the degree of tilt or shaking of the drag block and the parts connected thereto, improve stability, reduce processing errors, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher. On the other hand, the formation of three-sided support can reduce the degree of center of gravity offset, further reduce processing errors, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher. In addition, by adopting two racks, adopting herringbone gear rack transmission, adding a grating ruler, adding a counterweight structure, and adopting heavy-duty guide rails, the stability of the drag block when moving up and down can be further improved, the processing error can be further reduced, and the processing accuracy of the machine tool can be higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention after partial cutaway.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic top view of the assembled structure of the drag block and the components connected thereto in an embodiment of the present invention. Implementation

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary description and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to more concisely describe the present embodiment, some parts that are well known to those skilled in the art but not related to the main content of the present invention will be omitted in the accompanying drawings or descriptions. In addition, for the convenience of description, some parts in the accompanying drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, but they do not represent the size or entire structure of the actual product.

[0017] Examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a gear rack transmission type vertical slide group includes a column 1 and a drag block 2. The column 1 includes a main column 11 and two side columns 12 which are parallel to each other in the column height direction. The two side columns 12 are connected to one side of the main column 11 so that the column 1 is in the shape of a channel steel, and the side of the main column 11 becomes the bottom surface of the groove of the column 1, and the opposite sides of the two side columns 12 become the two groove sides of the column 1. The column 1 in this embodiment is processed and formed in one piece, so that the strength of the column 1 can be better guaranteed.

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the drag block 2 in this embodiment includes a front, a rear, a top surface, a bottom surface, and two mutually parallel side surfaces. The drag block 2 slides relative to the column 1 along the column height direction of the column 1. The two side surfaces of the drag block 2 and the two groove sides of the column 1 are respectively connected by guide rails for sliding. The specific structure is that linear slide bars 31 with the same specifications are symmetrically installed on the two groove sides of the column 1, and linear rail sliders 32 with the same specifications are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the drag block 2. The linear slide bar 31 and the linear rail slider 32 are a complete set of sliding components. The back of the drag block 2 is connected by guide rails for sliding. The specific structure is that a heavy-duty slide bar 13 with a T-shaped cross section is set on the groove bottom surface of the column 1, and a track groove 21 with a T-shaped cross section is set at the back of the drag block 2. The heavy-duty slide bar 13 and the track groove 21 form a sliding fit connection.

[0019] Two racks 41 of the same specification are symmetrically installed on the two groove sides of the column 1, and the length direction of the racks 41 is parallel to the column height direction of the column 1. The top surface of the drag block 2 is rotatably connected to two gears 42 of the same specification, and the two gears 42 are symmetrically arranged. The two gears 42 are respectively meshed with the two racks 41 for transmission. In this embodiment, the two racks 41 are herringbone racks, and the two gears 42 are herringbone gears. The top surface of the drag block 2 is installed with two sets of identical reduction mechanisms 51 and two identical servo motors 52, and the two sets of reduction mechanisms 51 are symmetrically arranged, and the two servo motors 52 are symmetrically arranged. The top surface of the drag block 2 is installed with two bearing seats 53, and the two bearing seats 53 are symmetrically arranged. The gear 42 is arranged between the bearing seat 53 and the reduction mechanism 51 and is rotatably connected with the reduction mechanism 51 through the bearing seat 53 and the reduction mechanism 51. The gear 42 is driven to rotate by the reduction mechanism 51. The input shaft of the reduction mechanism 51 and the output shaft of the servo motor 52 are coaxially connected through the coupling 54. The servo motor 52 drives the reduction mechanism 51 to run and then drives the gear 42 to rotate. In other embodiments, only one servo motor may be installed, and the input shafts of the two reduction mechanisms may be respectively connected to the output shaft of the servo motor through structures such as bevel gears. One servo motor drives the two reduction mechanisms to operate and then drives the two gears to rotate.

[0020] Two sets of grating rulers of the same specifications are arranged between the drag block 2 and the column 1, each set of grating rulers includes a scale grating 61 and a grating reading head 62. The specific structure is that the two scale gratings 61 are symmetrically installed on the two groove sides of the column 1, and the two grating reading heads 62 are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the drag block 2. The grating ruler is used to feedback the movement or position signal of the drag block 2, and the control accuracy can be improved in conjunction with the servo motor 52, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the machine tool.

[0021] A sprocket 71 is installed on the top surface of the column 1, a lifting ring 72 is installed on the top surface of the drag block 2, a chain 73 is wound around the sprocket 71, one end of the chain 73 is connected to the lifting ring 72, and the other end of the chain 73 is connected to a counterweight 74, which is arranged outside the column 1. In other embodiments, two sprockets can also be arranged and installed on the top surface of the column according to structural requirements.

[0022] In this embodiment, two servo motors 52 are used to drive two sets of reduction mechanisms 51 to rotate, and then two gears 42 are driven to rotate, and then the drag block 2 is driven to move up and down through the meshing transmission of the gears 42 and the rack 41. The three adjacent faces on the drag block 2 in this embodiment are connected to the column 1 through the guide rails, forming a three-sided support for the drag block 2 and the parts connected thereto. On the one hand, this can greatly reduce the degree of tilt or shaking of the drag block 2 and the parts connected thereto, improve stability, reduce processing errors, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher. On the other hand, the formation of three-sided support can reduce the degree of center of gravity offset, further reduce processing errors, and make the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher. In this embodiment, a counterweight structure is added, even if a ram assembly is connected to the drag block 2, the degree of center of gravity offset can be greatly reduced, and the role of the counterweight structure is always effective during the up and down movement of the drag block 2, thereby greatly improving the stability of the drag block 2 when it moves up and down, and making the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher.

[0023] The present embodiment adopts two racks 41 and two gears 42, the racks 41 adopt herringbone racks, and the gears 42 adopt herringbone gears, which can further improve the stability of the transmission, thereby improving the stability of the drag block 2 when it moves up and down, further reducing the processing error, and making the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher. In addition, the present embodiment adopts heavy-duty guide rails, which can further improve the stability of the drag block 2 when it moves up and down, further reducing the processing error, and making the processing accuracy of the machine tool higher.

[0024] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to the present invention using the design concept of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rack and pinion transmission vertical slide assembly, comprising a column and a drag block, characterized in that: The column comprises a main column body and two side columns which are parallel to each other in the column height direction. The two side columns are connected to one side surface of the main column body so that the column is in the shape of a channel steel, and the side surface of the main column body becomes the groove bottom surface of the column. The opposite sides on the two side columns become the two groove side surfaces of the column. The two mutually parallel side surfaces of the drag block and the two groove side surfaces of the column are respectively slidably connected by guide rails. The rear side of the drag block and the groove bottom surface of the column are slidably connected by guide rails. The sliding direction of the drag block is parallel to the column height direction of the column. A rack is provided on one of the groove sides of the column. The length direction of the rack is parallel to the column height direction of the column. A gear is rotatably connected to the drag block. The gear and the rack are meshed for transmission. A reduction mechanism and a servo motor are connected to the drag block. The gear is driven to rotate by the reduction mechanism, and the reduction mechanism is driven to rotate by the servo motor.

2. The rack and pinion transmission vertical slide assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rack is provided on the other groove side of the column, the two racks have the same specifications and are symmetrically arranged, and two gears of the same specifications are rotatably connected to the drag block, and the two gears are respectively meshed with the two racks for transmission; two sets of identical reduction mechanisms and two identical servo motors are connected to the drag block, and the two gears are respectively driven to rotate by the two sets of reduction mechanisms, and the two sets of reduction mechanisms are respectively driven to rotate by the two servo motors; or two sets of identical reduction mechanisms and a servo motor are connected to the drag block, and the two gears are respectively driven to rotate by the two sets of reduction mechanisms, and the two sets of reduction mechanisms are both transmission-connected to the servo motor and driven to rotate by the servo motor.

3. The rack and pinion transmission vertical slide assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rack is a herringbone rack, and the gear is a herringbone gear.

4. The rack and pinion transmission type vertical slide assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one set of grating ruler is arranged between the drag block and the column.

5. The rack and pinion transmission vertical slide assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the column is provided with at least one sprocket, a chain is wound around the sprocket, one end of the chain is connected to the top surface of the drag block, the other end of the chain is connected to a counterweight, and the counterweight is arranged outside the column.

6. The rack and pinion transmission vertical slide assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear side of the drag block and the bottom surface of the groove of the column are slidably connected through a heavy guide rail.

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