Multi-channel release device of topological structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-channel release device of a topological structure, which comprises a front-stage structure, a rear-stage structure and an internal actuating assembly, the front-stage structure is internally provided with a front-stage main channel and a plurality of front-stage auxiliary channels arranged around the front-stage main channel, and the rear-stage structure is internally provided with a rear-stage main channel and a plurality of rear-stage auxiliary channels arranged around the rear-stage main channel. An actuation cavity formed by the communicated rear-stage main channel and the front-stage main channel is used for installing an internal actuation assembly for achieving connection and unlocking of the rear-stage structure and the front-stage structure, and a separation energy charging cavity formed by the rear-stage auxiliary channel and the front-stage auxiliary channel which are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence mode is used for introducing high-pressure gas to drive separation of the front-stage structure. The structure that the main channel and the auxiliary channel are matched and nested is adopted, an internal actuation assembly is installed in the main channel to achieve connection unlocking, high-pressure gas is introduced into the auxiliary channel to achieve separation energy charging, lightweight design is achieved through topological optimization, and the beneficial effects of being high in bearing strength, quick in actuation response, large in released kinetic energy and light in topological mass are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of connection and release devices, and in particular relates to connection and release devices in aerospace, weapon science and mechanical engineering, and specifically is a multi-channel release device with a topological structure. Background Art

[0002] The connection unlocking and separation device is widely used in aerospace, weapons science and other fields, and has two modes: pyrotechnic drive and non-pyrotechnic drive. Among them, the pyrotechnic drive mode is represented by explosive bolts, which can respond quickly to realize the unlocking and separation function, but it has problems such as large impact load and easy generation of pollutants; the non-pyrotechnic drive mode includes various drive sources such as electricity, magnetism, heat, and gas. It has the advantages of high safety, small impact load and no pollution, and has also been used in aerospace and other fields, but it needs to be accompanied by a drive device, which causes negative effects such as increased quality and reduced reliability of the equipment itself. The above are the driving modes of the commonly used unlocking and separation devices today. Among them, using high-pressure gas as the driving source of the kinetic energy release device has the advantages of controllable and reliable, and can realize engineering applications in most scenarios with the mechanical structure. However, the existing separation unlocking device does not have the ability to increase the kinetic energy of the equipment. In the application scenarios of interstage separation and hood separation involved in aerospace and weapons science, there is still a lack of devices that can provide separation kinetic energy for the equipment, and the lightweight degree is not high. There is a lack of kinetic energy release devices with topologically optimized structures to improve the lightweight degree. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel release device with a topological structure to address the problems of unstable driving source, low lightweight, poor environmental adaptability and small separation kinetic energy of existing unlocking and separation devices. The multi-channel release device adopts a nested structure matching main and secondary channels. An internal actuating component is installed in the main channel to realize connection unlocking, and high-pressure gas is introduced into the secondary channel to realize separation and charging. High-pressure gas is used as the driving source of the multi-channel release device, and the front and rear stage structures are topologically optimized.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to be solved by the following technical solutions: A multi-channel release device with a topological structure includes an external shell structure composed of a front-stage structure and a rear-stage structure, and an internal actuating assembly, characterized in that: a front-stage main channel and a plurality of front-stage sub-channels arranged around the front-stage main channel are provided inside the front-stage structure, a rear-stage main channel and a plurality of rear-stage sub-channels arranged around the rear-stage main channel are provided inside the rear-stage structure, an actuating cavity composed of the connected rear-stage main channel and the front-stage main channel is used to install the internal actuating assembly, the internal actuating assembly can fixedly connect the rear-stage structure and the front-stage structure and can realize an unlocking action after high-pressure gas is introduced, and a separation charging cavity composed of the connected rear-stage sub-channels and the front-stage sub-channels is used to introduce high-pressure gas to drive the front-stage structure to separate.

[0005] A Laval nozzle capable of accelerating the gas is disposed at the upper end of the rear-stage secondary channel, and the Laval nozzle can be inserted into the corresponding front-stage secondary channel.

[0006] The Laval nozzle is embedded in the ventilation boss, which is composed of a portion of the rear-stage secondary channel protruding from the top of the rear-stage structure, and the ventilation boss can be completely inserted into the corresponding front-stage secondary channel.

[0007] The rear-stage sub-channel is a through channel, the air inlet of which is arranged at the lower part of the rear-stage main channel, and the air inlet is located on the cavity wall of the rear-stage main channel between the internal actuating component and the ventilation joint arranged at the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel; the front-stage sub-channel connected to the exhaust port of the rear-stage sub-channel is a ventilation blind hole with depth.

[0008] The bottom end of the rear-stage main channel is threadedly connected with a vent joint, and a vent joint sealing groove is arranged on the upper part of the outer circumference of the vent joint, and a sealing ring is installed in the vent joint sealing groove to achieve sealing; an outer vent joint thread is arranged on the lower part of the outer circumference of the vent joint, and the outer vent joint thread is cooperated and connected with the rear-stage internal thread on the inner wall of the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel; an internal vent joint thread is arranged in the inner cavity of the vent joint, and the internal vent joint thread is used to connect with an external pipeline.

[0009] A front-stage push rod actuating cavity is provided in the lower cavity of the front-stage main channel, and a plurality of outwardly concave front-stage spline separation grooves spaced along the axial direction are provided in the front-stage push rod actuating cavity, and an annular outer groove connecting all the front-stage spline separation grooves is provided in the middle of the front-stage spline separation groove, and the annular outer groove between two adjacent front-stage spline separation grooves constitutes a front-stage two-way limiting groove, and the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss of the internal actuating component can be embedded in the front-stage two-way limiting groove; a rear-stage push rod actuating cavity is provided in the upper cavity of the rear ... are provided in the rear-stage A plurality of rear-stage spline separation grooves spaced apart in the axial direction are provided in the push rod actuating cavity, and two rows of inwardly convex rear-stage limit bumps distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the cavity wall between the rear-stage spline separation grooves, and the space between the upper and lower rows of rear-stage limit bumps constitutes a rear-stage two-way limit groove, and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss of the internal actuating component can be embedded in the rear-stage two-way limit groove, and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss and the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss of the internal actuating component can move axially in the channel constituted by the one-to-one corresponding front-stage spline separation groove and the rear-stage spline separation groove.

[0010] A positioning groove is provided at the bottom end of the cavity of the front-stage main channel, and the positioning groove can be embedded in the positioning boss on the top of the rear-stage structure; an outward concave axial groove is distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the positioning groove, and the outward concave axial groove can correspond to the outward convex axial block embedded in the positioning boss.

[0011] The internal actuating assembly includes an actuating push rod, a return spring and an actuating piston that are installed together. The upper section of the actuating push rod is used to connect and lock the front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure. The lower section of the actuating push rod and the return spring are both installed on the actuating piston. The actuating piston in the actuating cavity moves forward axially under the push of high-pressure gas to compress the return spring and drive the actuating push rod to rotate to unlock the front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure.

[0012] The top end of the actuating push rod is provided with an inner hexagonal groove for installing and positioning the internal actuating component, and a front-stage spline pre-tightening boss and a rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss are provided on the upper section of the actuating push rod. The front-stage spline pre-tightening boss is embedded in the front-stage two-way limiting slide groove of the front-stage structure, and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss is embedded in the rear-stage two-way limiting slide groove of the rear-stage structure to realize the axial limitation and pre-tightening of the front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure by the internal actuating component. The front-stage spline pre-tightening boss and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss respectively cooperate with the front-stage spline separation slide groove and the rear-stage spline separation slide groove to realize the torsional constraint of the actuating push rod; the lower end of the actuating push rod is provided with two symmetrically arranged torsion sliding pins, which can be embedded in the spiral slide groove in the inner cavity of the actuating piston, and the torsion sliding pin and the spiral slide groove cooperate with each other to realize the linkage of the internal actuating component.

[0013] The actuating piston is provided with a sliding inner cavity in which a return spring and the lower section of the actuating push rod are embedded, and a spiral groove is provided on the inner wall surface of the sliding inner cavity to cooperate with the torsional sliding pin of the actuating push rod; two axial grooves are symmetrically arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the actuating piston, and the axial grooves cooperate with the convex axial sliding bosses on the inner wall of the piston actuating cavity part of the rear main channel to realize the axial movement of the actuating piston, and an actuating piston sealing groove for installing a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the actuating piston, and a cross groove for cooperating with the installation of an internal actuating component is provided at the bottom end of the actuating piston; the spiral groove includes an upper vertical section, a spiral connecting section, and a lower vertical section connected in sequence.

[0014] The front-stage structure, rear-stage structure and ventilation joint are the external structures of the multi-channel release device, and their structural features can be combined with the front and rear two-stage equipment (such as the spacecraft fairing and the cabin) for integrated molding and manufacturing. Only internal actuating components are required to realize the connection unlocking and separation charging functions described in the present invention, and achieve the beneficial effects of high lightweight and good separation consistency.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The multi-channel release device of a topological structure provided by the present invention includes a front-stage structure, a rear-stage structure, an actuating push rod, a reset spring, an actuating piston, a sealing ring, and a venting joint. The front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure adopt a nested structure matching the main and secondary channels. The internal actuating assembly is installed in the main channel to realize the connection and unlocking of the front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure. The actuating push rod and the actuating piston cooperate with the spiral slide groove through the torsional sliding pin, and the actuating push rod and the actuating piston are equipped with a reset spring. A double-layer sealing ring is installed at the lower end of the actuating piston, and a venting joint is installed at the bottom end of the rear-stage structure; the secondary channel introduces high-pressure gas to accelerate the separation and charging through the Laval nozzle. The front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure adopt a topological optimization structure to achieve lightweight design under the condition of ensuring strength and function. The multi-channel release device of the above topological structure adopts mechanism design and topological optimization, realizes connection unlocking and separation charging through high-pressure gas, and has four functions and advantages of connection locking, unlocking separation, release charging and topological optimization. It is applied in aerospace, weapon science and other fields with the advantages of high bearing strength, fast actuation response, large release kinetic energy and light topological mass.

[0016] The actuating assembly proposed in the present invention is placed in an actuating cavity composed of a front-stage structure and a rear-stage structure. Axial limitation and torsional constraint are achieved through the cooperation between the spline pre-tightening boss on the actuating push rod and the two-way limiting groove, and axial limiting movement and torsional constraint are achieved through the cooperation between the axial groove on the actuating piston and the axial sliding boss on the inner wall of the actuating cavity. The transmission of constraint is achieved through the cooperation between the torsional sliding pin of the actuating push rod and the spiral groove in the actuating piston and the reset spring. The connection and locking are achieved through mutual cooperation, which has the advantage of high bearing strength.

[0017] The bottom of the actuating piston proposed in the present invention is acted upon by high-pressure gas and moves axially along the actuating cavity. The actuating torsional load is transmitted through the torsional sliding pin of the actuating push rod, the spiral groove in the actuating piston and the return spring. Finally, the spline pre-tightening boss of the actuating push rod is unlocked and separated from the spline separation groove, which has the advantage of fast actuation response.

[0018] The main and sub-channel coordinated nested structure proposed in the present invention has four sub-channels distributed along the circumference of the main channel. The high-pressure gas in the main channel can be drained into the four sub-channels. A Laval nozzle structure is provided at the tail of each sub-channel. When the actuating assembly is unlocked and separated, the jet of the sub-channel is accelerated to increase the kinetic energy, which has the advantage of releasing large kinetic energy.

[0019] Under the premise of ensuring the bearing strength, the front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure proposed in the present invention maximize the optimization of the spatial geometric distribution of the front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure through topological optimization technology, thereby achieving the lightweight of the multi-channel release device and having the advantage of light topological mass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention will become more clear by more specific description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts in all the accompanying drawings, and the accompanying drawings are not deliberately scaled to the actual size, and the focus is on illustrating the main purpose of the present invention.

[0021] Attached Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-channel release device with a topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Figure 2 A three-dimensional exploded view of the overall structure of the multi-channel release device of the topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Figure 3 A two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a multi-channel release device with a topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Figure 4 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the front-stage structure of the multi-channel release device of the topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the topological structure of the front-stage structure of the multi-channel release device of the topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Figure 6 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the rear-stage structure of the multi-channel release device of the topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the topological structure of the rear-stage structure of the multi-channel release device of the topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an actuating push rod of a multi-channel release device of a topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Fig. 9 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an actuating piston of a multi-channel release device of a topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Fig.10 A two-dimensional cross-sectional view of a spiral chute of a multi-channel release device of a topological structure provided by the present invention; Attached Fig.11 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the ventilation joint of the multi-channel release device of the topological structure provided by the present invention.

[0022] Among them: 1—front stage structure; 101—front stage external thread; 102—front stage push rod actuating cavity; 103—mounting hole; 104—front stage spline separation slide; 105—front stage two-way limit slide; 106—front stage secondary channel; 107—front stage main channel; 108—positioning groove; 2—rear stage structure; 201—rear stage main channel; 202—rear stage secondary channel; 203—rear stage spline separation slide; 204—rear stage two-way limit slide; 205—positioning boss; 206—ventilation boss; 207—Laval nozzle; 208—rear stage push rod actuating cavity; 209—axial sliding boss; 210—piston actuating cavity; 211—rear stage main channel; 212—rear stage secondary channel; 213—rear stage spline separation slide; 214—rear stage two-way limit slide; 215—rear stage main channel; 216—rear stage secondary channel; 217—rear stage main channel; 218—rear stage main channel; 219—rear stage main channel; 220—rear stage main channel; 221 1—rear stage external thread; 212—rear stage internal thread; 3—actuating push rod; 301—inner hexagonal groove; 302—front stage spline pre-tightening boss; 303—rear stage spline pre-tightening boss; 304—torsion sliding pin; 4—reset spring; 5—actuating piston; 501—sliding inner cavity; 502—actuating piston sealing groove; 503—cross groove; 504—spiral sliding groove; 5041—upper end vertical section; 5042—spiral connecting section; 5043—lower end vertical section; 505—axial sliding groove; 6—sealing ring; 7—vent joint; 701—vent joint sealing groove; 702—vent joint external thread; 703—vent joint internal thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that certain words indicating orientation or positional relationships are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1-11As shown: a multi-channel release device of a topological structure, including an external shell structure composed of a front-stage structure 1 and a rear-stage structure 2, and an internal actuating assembly, wherein a front-stage main channel 107 and a plurality of front-stage sub-channels 106 arranged around the front-stage main channel 107 are provided inside the front-stage structure 1, and a rear-stage main channel 201 and a plurality of rear-stage sub-channels 202 arranged around the rear-stage main channel 201 are provided inside the rear-stage structure 2, and an actuating cavity composed of the connected rear-stage main channel 201 and the front-stage main channel 107 is used to install the internal actuating assembly, and the internal actuating assembly can fixedly connect the rear-stage structure 2 and the front-stage structure 1 and can realize an unlocking action after the high-pressure gas is introduced, and a separation charging cavity composed of the connected rear-stage sub-channels 202 and the front-stage sub-channels 106 is used to introduce the high-pressure gas to drive the front-stage structure 1 to separate; the high-pressure gas is introduced through a ventilation joint installed at the bottom end of the multi-channel release device.

[0027] Furthermore, a Laval nozzle 207 capable of achieving gas acceleration is provided at the upper end of the rear-stage sub-channel 202, and the Laval nozzle 207 can be inserted into the corresponding front-stage sub-channel 106; the above-mentioned Laval nozzle 207 is embedded in the ventilation boss 206, and the ventilation boss 206 is composed of the part of the rear-stage sub-channel 202 protruding from the top of the rear-stage structure 2, and the ventilation boss 206 can be completely inserted into the corresponding front-stage sub-channel 106.

[0028] Furthermore, the rear-stage sub-channel 202 is a through channel, and the air inlet of the rear-stage sub-channel 202 is arranged at the lower part of the rear-stage main channel 201, and the air inlet is located on the cavity wall of the rear-stage main channel 201 between the internal actuator component and the ventilation joint 7 set at the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel 201; the front-stage sub-channel 106 connected to the exhaust port of the rear-stage sub-channel 202 is a ventilation blind hole with depth.

[0029] Furthermore, the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel 201 is threadedly connected to a vent connector 7 with a tubular columnar structure, and a vent connector sealing groove 701 is provided on the upper section of the outer circumference of the vent connector 7, and a sealing ring 6 is installed in the vent connector sealing groove 701 to achieve sealing; a vent connector external thread 702 is provided on the lower section of the outer circumference of the vent connector 7, and the vent connector external thread 702 is cooperated and connected with the rear-stage internal thread 212 on the inner wall of the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel 201; a vent connector internal thread 703 is provided in the inner cavity of the vent connector 7, and the vent connector internal thread 703 is used to connect with an external pipeline to guide the high-pressure gas to the rear-stage main channel.

[0030] Furthermore, a front-stage push rod actuating cavity 102 is provided in the lower cavity of the front-stage main channel 107, and a plurality of outer concave front-stage spline separation grooves 104 are provided in the front-stage push rod actuating cavity 102 and are distributed along the axial direction. An annular outer groove connecting all the front-stage spline separation grooves 104 is provided in the middle of the front-stage spline separation grooves 104, and the annular outer groove between two adjacent front-stage spline separation grooves 104 constitutes a front-stage two-way limiting groove 105, and the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss 302 of the internal actuating component can be embedded in the front-stage two-way limiting groove 105; a rear-stage push rod actuating cavity 20 is provided in the upper cavity of the rear-stage main channel 201. 8. A plurality of rear-stage spline separation grooves 203 spaced apart in the axial direction are provided in the rear-stage push rod actuating cavity 208. Two rows of inwardly convex rear-stage limit blocks distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the cavity wall between the rear-stage spline separation grooves 203. The space between the upper and lower rows of rear-stage limit blocks constitutes a rear-stage two-way limit groove 204. The rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss 303 of the internal actuating component can be embedded in the rear-stage two-way limit groove 204. The rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss 303 and the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss 302 of the internal actuating component can move axially in the channel constituted by the one-to-one corresponding front-stage spline separation groove 104 and the rear-stage spline separation groove 203.

[0031] In order to stably connect the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2, a positioning groove 108 is provided at the bottom end of the cavity of the front-stage main channel 107, and the positioning groove 108 can be embedded in the positioning boss 205 on the top of the rear-stage structure 2; further, there are concave axial grooves distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the positioning groove 108, and the concave axial grooves can correspond to the convex axial blocks on the embedded positioning boss 205.

[0032] On the basis of the above structure, the internal actuating assembly includes an actuating push rod 3, a return spring 4 and an actuating piston 5 which are installed together. The upper section of the actuating push rod 3 is used to connect and lock the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2. The lower section of the actuating push rod 3 and the return spring 4 are both installed on the actuating piston 5. The actuating piston 5 in the actuating cavity moves forward axially under the push of high-pressure gas to compress the return spring 4 and drive the actuating push rod 3 to rotate to realize the unlocking of the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2.

[0033] Furthermore, the top of the actuating push rod 3 is provided with an inner hexagonal groove 301 for installing and positioning the internal actuating component, and the upper section of the actuating push rod 3 is provided with a front-stage spline pre-tightening boss 302 and a rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss 303. The front-stage spline pre-tightening boss 302 is embedded in the front-stage two-way limiting slide groove 105 of the front-stage structure 1, and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss 303 is embedded in the rear-stage two-way limiting slide groove 204 of the rear-stage structure 2 to realize the axial movement of the internal actuating component on the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2. Limiting and pre-tightening, the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss 302 and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss 303 respectively cooperate with the front-stage spline separation groove 104 and the rear-stage spline separation groove 203 to realize the torsional constraint of the actuating push rod 3; the lower end of the actuating push rod 3 is provided with two symmetrically arranged torsion sliding pins 304, and the torsion sliding pins 304 can be embedded in the spiral groove 504 in the inner cavity of the actuating piston 5, and the torsion sliding pins 304 and the spiral groove 504 cooperate with each other to realize the linkage of the internal actuating components.

[0034] Furthermore, the actuating piston 5 is provided with a sliding inner cavity 501 in which the return spring 4 and the lower section of the actuating push rod 3 are embedded, and a spiral groove 504 is provided on the inner wall surface of the sliding inner cavity 501 to cooperate with the torsional sliding pin 304 of the actuating push rod 3; two axial grooves 505 are symmetrically arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the actuating piston 5, and the axial grooves 505 cooperate with the convex axial sliding boss 209 on the inner wall of the piston actuating cavity 210 of the rear-stage main channel 201 to realize the axial movement of the actuating piston 5, and an actuating piston sealing groove 502 for installing a sealing ring 6 is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the actuating piston 5, and a cross groove 503 for cooperating with the installation of an internal actuating component is provided at the bottom end of the actuating piston 5; the spiral groove 504 includes an upper vertical section 5041, a spiral connecting section 5042, and a lower vertical section 5043 which are connected in sequence. Example

[0035] The specific structure and specific technical effects of a multi-channel release device with a topological structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention are described in detail below: This embodiment provides a multi-channel release device with a topological structure. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The overall structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the multi-channel release device of this topological structure adopts a main and auxiliary channel matching nested structure. The multi-channel release device adopts a main and auxiliary channel matching nested structure combined with topological optimization technology. An internal actuator component is installed in the main channel to limit the separation torsion to achieve connection unlocking, and a high-pressure gas is introduced into the auxiliary channel to drive the internal actuator component to achieve separation and charging. Figure 1-Figure 11The multi-channel release device of this topological structure includes: a front-stage structure 1, a rear-stage structure 2, an actuating push rod 3, a return spring 4, an actuating piston 5, a sealing ring 6, and a vent joint 7. The front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2 are connected to form an external shell structure of the multi-channel release device, and the actuating push rod 3, the return spring 4 and the actuating piston 5 constitute an internal actuating component. The vent joint 7 is installed at the bottom end of the rear-stage structure 2, and the actuating piston 5 and the vent joint 7 are equipped with a sealing ring 6.

[0036] The front-stage external thread 101 is arranged on the outer portion of the upper end of the front-stage structure 1, and the front-stage external thread 101 can be connected with other devices, and the front-stage structure 1 can also be directly used as the front stage of the main body of the device. The lower end of the front-stage structure 1 is provided with a positioning groove 108, and the positioning groove 108 is matched and connected with the positioning boss 205 of the rear-stage structure 2, which can limit the relative torsion of the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2; a front-stage main channel 107 and four front-stage secondary channels 106 are arranged inside the front-stage main channel 107. The front-stage push rod actuating cavity 105 has a concave front-stage two-way limiting groove 105 and a front-stage spline separation groove 104 at the lower section thereof. The front-stage two-way limiting groove 105 and the front-stage spline separation groove 104 can cooperate with the actuating push rod 3. A mounting hole 103 for inserting a tool is provided at the upper end of the front-stage main channel 107. Four front-stage auxiliary channels 106 are circumferentially distributed around the front-stage main channel 107, and the front-stage auxiliary channels 106 are ventilation blind holes with depth.

[0037] The upper end of the rear-stage structure 2 is provided with a positioning boss 205 that is connected to the front-stage structure 1, and the lower end outer wall of the rear-stage structure 2 is provided with a rear-stage external thread 211. The rear-stage structure 2 can be connected to other equipment through the rear-stage external thread 211, and the rear-stage structure 2 can also be directly used as the rear stage of the equipment body; a rear-stage main channel 201 and four rear-stage secondary channels 202 are provided inside the rear-stage structure 2, and the upper section of the rear-stage main channel 201 is provided with a rear-stage push rod actuating cavity 208, and a rear-stage two-way limiting slide groove 204 and a rear-stage spline separation slide groove 203 are provided in the rear-stage push rod actuating cavity 208, and the rear-stage two-way limiting slide groove 204 and the rear-stage spline separation slide groove 203 can cooperate with the actuating push rod 3; the middle and lower sections of the rear-stage main channel 201 are pistons An actuating cavity 210, two axial sliding bosses 209 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the piston actuating cavity 210, and the axial sliding bosses 209 cooperate with the axial groove 505 of the actuating piston 5 to realize the axial movement of the actuating piston 5; a rear-stage internal thread 212 is arranged at the bottom end of the cavity of the rear-stage main channel 201 to cooperate with the external thread 702 of the ventilation joint; four rear-stage sub-channels 202 are distributed circumferentially around the rear-stage main channel 201, and the high-pressure gas is diverted from the lower end outlet near the rear-stage main channel 201 and extends to the four rear-stage sub-channels 202, and the upper end of each rear-stage sub-channel 202 is higher than the upper end of the rear-stage structure 2 to form a ventilation boss 206, and each ventilation boss 206 is embedded with a Laval nozzle 207 to realize gas acceleration.

[0038] The internal actuating assembly 3 is composed of an actuating push rod 3, a return spring 4, an actuating piston 5 and a matching sealing ring 6. The internal actuating assembly 3 is integrally installed in the actuating cavity composed of the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2. The actuating push rod 3 is a tubular column, which is installed in the push rod actuating cavity of the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2. The top of the actuating push rod 3 is provided with an inner hexagonal groove 301, and the upper section of the actuating push rod 3 is provided with upper and lower rows of spline pre-tightening bosses, which respectively cooperate with the bidirectional limiting slide grooves in the push rod actuating cavity of the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2 to achieve axial limiting and pre-tightening, and cooperate with the front-stage spline separation slide groove 104 and the rear-stage spline separation slide groove 203 to achieve torsion constraint of the actuating push rod 3; the lower end of the actuating push rod 3 is provided with two symmetrically arranged torsion sliding pins 304, and the torsion sliding pins 304 cooperate with the spiral slide groove 504 inside the actuating piston 5 to achieve the linkage of the internal actuating assembly. The actuating piston 5 is a column with a cavity inside, and the upper end thereof has a cavity inside, and a sliding cavity 501 is provided in the cavity. The sliding cavity 501 cooperates with the lower section of the actuating push rod 3 and a reset spring 4 is installed in the sliding cavity 501. A spiral groove 504 is provided on the inner wall surface of the sliding cavity 501. The spiral groove 504 cooperates with the torsion sliding pin 304 of the actuating push rod 3 as a groove. The spiral groove 504 consists of an upper vertical section 5041, a spiral connecting section 5042 and a lower vertical section 5043, wherein the upper vertical section 5041 is slightly longer than the vertical section 5043 at the lower end; two axial grooves 505 are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction on the outer cylindrical surface of the actuating piston 5, and the axial grooves 505 cooperate with the axial sliding boss 209 on the surface of the internal cavity of the rear-stage structure 2 to realize the axial movement of the actuating piston 5. Two actuating piston sealing grooves 502 are arranged on the outer surface of the lower end of the actuating piston 5, and a sealing ring 6 is installed respectively. A cross groove 503 is opened at the bottom end of the actuating piston 5 for installation and use, and tools can be respectively pressed against the cross groove 503 and the hexagonal groove 301.

[0039] The vent joint 7 is a tubular column structure, and a vent joint sealing groove 701 is provided on the upper part of the outer circumference of the vent joint 7, and a sealing ring 6 is installed in the vent joint sealing groove 701 to achieve sealing; a vent joint external thread 702 is provided on the lower part of the outer circumference of the vent joint 7, and the vent joint external thread 702 is matched and connected with the rear-stage internal thread 212 on the inner wall of the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel 201; a vent joint internal thread 703 is provided in the inner cavity of the vent joint 7, and the vent joint internal thread 703 is used to connect with an external pipeline to guide the high-pressure gas to the rear-stage main channel 201 and to divert the gas to the rear-stage secondary channel 202.

[0040] The multi-channel release device provided in an embodiment of the present invention adopts a nested structure matching the main and secondary channels in combination with topology optimization technology. An internal actuator component is installed in the main channel to limit the separation torsion to achieve connection unlocking, and high-pressure gas is introduced into the secondary channel to drive the actuator component to achieve separation charging. The following is a specific description of the implementation process of the above two functions of connection unlocking and separation charging.

[0041] The connection unlocking function is implemented as follows: when the front and rear two-stage equipment are connected, the internal actuating assembly is in a fully constrained state, and the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss 302 and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss 303 on the actuating push rod 3 are respectively located in the front-stage two-way limit slot 105 and the rear-stage two-way limit slot 204, thereby realizing the two-way load-bearing constraint of the axis of the internal actuating assembly; the torsional sliding pin 304 of the actuating push rod 3 is located in the upper vertical section 5041 of the spiral slot 504 of the actuating piston 5 under the elastic force of the reset spring 4, and the axial slot 505 of the actuating piston 5 cooperates with the axial sliding boss 209 of the rear-stage structure 2 to realize the torsional constraint of the internal actuating assembly, and the internal actuating assembly is fully constrained, thereby finally realizing the connection locking of the front and rear-stage equipment and preventing the risk of functional failure. When the front and rear stage equipment is unlocked, driven by the high-pressure gas, the actuating piston 5 moves upward in the axial direction, driving the torsional sliding pin 304 of the actuating push rod 3 to rotate along the spiral slide groove 504, so that the actuating push rod 3 rotates, and then the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss 302 and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss 303 rotate out of the front-stage two-way limiting slide groove 105 and the rear-stage two-way limiting slide groove 204 to the front-stage spline separation slide groove 104 and the rear-stage spline separation slide groove 203, thereby realizing the unlocking of the front and rear stage equipment.

[0042] The separation and charging function is realized as follows: when the front and rear stage devices are unlocked and separated, a part of the high-pressure gas enters the rear-stage main channel 201, and the other part is diverted into the rear-stage sub-channel 202. The high-pressure gas entering the rear-stage sub-channel 202 flows through the Laval nozzle 207 to the front-stage sub-channel 106. After the high-pressure gas in the rear-stage main channel 201 completes the unlocking of the internal actuating components, the high-pressure gas in the rear-stage sub-channel 202 impacts the bottom of the front-stage sub-channel 106 and drives the front-stage device to separate. Under the acceleration of the Laval nozzle 207, the kinetic energy of the front-stage device is continuously increased until the front and rear stages complete the separation task.

[0043] In a further preferred embodiment, the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 1 shown in the present invention together constitute the external structure of a multi-channel release device. The front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2 can be arranged in multiple groups in parallel at multiple points on the connecting surfaces of the front-stage and rear-stage devices, or the front-stage structure and the rear-stage structure can be directly used as front-stage and rear-stage devices. Both application methods can be manufactured using integrated molding technology, and combined with topology optimization technology to increase their lightweightness.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment, the front-stage structure 1 and the rear-stage structure 2 provided by the present invention can be integrated with the front and rear-stage equipment respectively and manufactured in an integrated manner. Then, only internal actuating components are required to realize the connection unlocking and separation charging functions described in the present invention, and achieve the beneficial effects of high lightweight and good separation consistency.

[0045] The present invention adopts a topological optimization structure to achieve lightweight multi-channel release device. After topological optimization, the mass can be reduced by 40%. The main and auxiliary channels are matched with the nested structure to realize high-pressure gas-driven kinetic energy release device to complete unlocking and separation. The internal actuating components in the front-stage main channel 107 and the rear-stage main channel 201 move to achieve unlocking. The Laval nozzle 207 arranged on each rear-stage auxiliary channel 202 accelerates the internal gas to continuously increase the kinetic energy of the front-stage equipment, which has the advantages of high bearing strength and light topological mass. The external structure is integrated with the front and rear-stage equipment and combined with the Laval nozzle 207 to achieve separation kinetic energy enhancement, which has the advantages of fast actuation response and large kinetic energy release.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel release device of topological structure, comprising an external shell structure composed of a front-stage structure (1) and a rear-stage structure (2), and an internal actuating component, characterized in that: The front-stage structure (1) is provided with a front-stage main channel (107) and a plurality of front-stage sub-channels (106) arranged around the front-stage main channel (107), and the rear-stage structure (2) is provided with a rear-stage main channel (201) and a plurality of rear-stage sub-channels (202) arranged around the rear-stage main channel (201). The actuating cavity formed by the connected rear-stage main channel (201) and the front-stage main channel (107) is used to install an internal actuating component, and the internal actuating component can fixedly connect the rear-stage structure (2) and the front-stage structure (1) and can realize an unlocking action after high-pressure gas is introduced. The separation charging cavity formed by the connected rear-stage sub-channels (202) and the front-stage sub-channels (106) is used to introduce high-pressure gas to drive the front-stage structure (1) to separate.

2. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A Laval nozzle (207) capable of achieving gas acceleration is provided at the upper end of the rear-stage secondary channel (202), and the Laval nozzle (207) can be inserted into the corresponding front-stage secondary channel (106).

3. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The Laval nozzle (207) is embedded in the ventilation boss (206), and the ventilation boss (206) is composed of a portion of the rear-stage auxiliary channel (202) protruding from the top of the rear-stage structure (2). The ventilation boss (206) can be completely inserted into the corresponding front-stage auxiliary channel (106).

4. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rear-stage secondary channel (202) is a through channel, and the air inlet of the rear-stage secondary channel (202) is arranged at the lower part of the rear-stage main channel (201), and the air inlet is located on the cavity wall of the rear-stage main channel (201) between the internal actuating component and the ventilation joint (7) arranged at the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel (201); the front-stage secondary channel (106) connected to the exhaust port of the rear-stage secondary channel (202) is a ventilation blind hole with a depth.

5. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom end of the rear-stage main channel (201) is threadedly connected to a vent joint (7); a vent joint sealing groove (701) is provided on the upper portion of the outer circumference of the vent joint (7); a sealing ring (6) is installed in the vent joint sealing groove (701) to achieve sealing; a vent joint external thread (702) is provided on the lower portion of the outer circumference of the vent joint (7); the vent joint external thread (702) is matched and connected with the rear-stage internal thread (212) on the inner wall of the bottom end of the rear-stage main channel (201); and a vent joint internal thread (703) is provided in the inner cavity of the vent joint (7); the vent joint internal thread (703) is used to connect with an external pipeline.

6. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A front-stage push rod actuating cavity (102) is provided in the lower cavity of the front-stage main channel (107), and a plurality of externally concave front-stage spline separation slide grooves (104) spaced apart along the axial direction are provided in the front-stage push rod actuating cavity (102). An annular outer groove connecting all the front-stage spline separation slide grooves (104) is provided in the middle of the front-stage spline separation slide grooves (104), and the annular outer groove between two adjacent front-stage spline separation slide grooves (104) constitutes a front-stage bidirectional limiting slide groove (105), and the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss (302) of the internal actuating component can be embedded in the front-stage bidirectional limiting slide groove (105); a rear-stage push rod actuating cavity (208) is provided in the upper cavity of the rear-stage main channel (201); ), a plurality of rear-stage spline separation grooves (203) spaced apart along the axial direction are provided in the rear-stage push rod actuating cavity (208), two rows of rear-stage limit protrusions distributed inwardly along the circumferential direction are arranged on the cavity wall between the rear-stage spline separation grooves (203), the space between the upper and lower rows of rear-stage limit protrusions constitutes a rear-stage bidirectional limit groove (204), the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss (303) of the internal actuating component can be embedded in the rear-stage bidirectional limit groove (204), and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss (303) and the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss (302) of the internal actuating component can move axially in a channel constituted by the one-to-one corresponding front-stage spline separation groove (104) and the rear-stage spline separation groove (203).

7. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positioning groove (108) is provided at the bottom end of the cavity of the front-stage main channel (107), and the positioning groove (108) can be embedded in the positioning boss (205) at the top of the rear-stage structure (2); and an outer concave axial groove is distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the positioning groove (108), and the outer concave axial groove can correspond to the outer convex axial block embedded in the positioning boss (205).

8. The multi-channel release device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The internal actuating assembly comprises an actuating push rod (3), a return spring (4) and an actuating piston (5) which are assembled and installed together. The upper section of the actuating push rod (3) is used to connect and lock the front-stage structure (1) and the rear-stage structure (2). The lower section of the actuating push rod (3) and the return spring (4) are both installed on the actuating piston (5). The actuating piston (5) in the actuating cavity is pushed forward in the axial direction by the high-pressure gas to compress the return spring (4) and drive the actuating push rod (3) to rotate to realize the unlocking of the front-stage structure (1) and the rear-stage structure (2).

9. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top end of the actuating push rod (3) is provided with an inner hexagonal groove (301) for mounting and positioning the internal actuating component. The upper section of the actuating push rod (3) is provided with a front-stage spline pre-tightening boss (302) and a rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss (303). The front-stage spline pre-tightening boss (302) is embedded in a front-stage bidirectional limiting slide groove (105) of the front-stage structure (1), and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss (303) is embedded in a rear-stage bidirectional limiting slide groove (204) of the rear-stage structure (2), so as to realize axial limiting of the front-stage structure (1) and the rear-stage structure (2) by the internal actuating component. and pre-tightening, the front-stage spline pre-tightening boss (302) and the rear-stage spline pre-tightening boss (303) respectively cooperate with the front-stage spline separation groove (104) and the rear-stage spline separation groove (203) to realize the torsion constraint of the actuating push rod (3); the lower end of the actuating push rod (3) is provided with two symmetrically arranged torsion sliding pins (304), the torsion sliding pins (304) can be embedded in the spiral groove (504) in the inner cavity of the actuating piston (5), and the torsion sliding pins (304) and the spiral groove (504) cooperate with each other to realize the linkage of the internal actuating components.

10. The multi-channel release device of the topological structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The actuating piston (5) is provided with a sliding inner cavity (501) in which a return spring (4) and a lower section of an actuating push rod (3) are embedded. A spiral sliding groove (504) is provided on the inner wall surface of the sliding inner cavity (501) to form a groove with a torsion sliding pin (304) of the actuating push rod (3). Two axial sliding grooves (505) are symmetrically arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the actuating piston (5). The axial sliding grooves (505) are in contact with the inner wall of the piston actuating cavity (210) of the rear main channel (201). The inner convex axial sliding boss (209) on the wall cooperates to realize the axial movement of the actuating piston (5); the outer wall at the lower end of the actuating piston (5) is provided with an actuating piston sealing groove (502) for installing a sealing ring (6), and the bottom end of the actuating piston (5) is provided with a cross groove (503) for cooperating with the installation of an internal actuating component; the spiral slide groove (504) includes an upper vertical section (5041), a spiral connecting section (5042), and a lower vertical section (5043) which are connected in sequence.

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