A device and method for detecting soil moisture content in the soil layer under a vegetation forest

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil moisture content detection, and in particular, is a soil moisture content detection device and detection method for the soil layer under a vegetation forest, comprising a weighing mechanism, a drying mechanism installed on the weighing mechanism, a heating mechanism between the weighing mechanism and the drying mechanism, a sorting mechanism inside the drying mechanism, a lifting mechanism below the sorting mechanism, a driving mechanism on the top of the drying mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the sorting mechanism to move up and down. The present invention shakes the sandy soil and separates the stones inside it through the sorting mechanism that moves up and down and rotates, ensuring that the sandy soil can remove part of the water and fall on the bottom of the conical cylinder in a loose state before drying, and by removing the stones in the sandy soil, and then calculating the water content in the sandy soil, it is avoided that the weight of the stones affects the detection result of the water content.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil moisture content detection, and in particular to a device and method for detecting soil moisture content in a soil layer under a vegetation forest. Background Art

[0002] There is evidence that soil respiration is affected by soil temperature, the quality and quantity of soil organic matter, soil moisture, and land cover type. It can reflect the fertility of understory soil and is an important manifestation of the number and activity of soil microorganisms. It indicates changes in soil health and soil environmental quality. The understory vegetation and litter conditions are significantly correlated with the quality and quantity of soil organic matter, soil moisture, and land cover type. Therefore, we believe that the soil respiration value can be used to implicitly indicate the comprehensive condition of the understory vegetation and litter layer. Therefore, combined with a suitable model and the indirect estimation technology based on remote sensing technology, the soil respiration value can be inverted, and the remote sensing quantitative measurement of the richness of the litter layer of herbaceous vegetation understory can be achieved.

[0003] When testing the water content of some sandy soils by detecting the proportion of water in the soil, if the sandy soil contains a lot of stones, the weight of these stones will easily affect the accuracy of the water content test results. For this reason, a soil moisture content detection device and method for the understory soil layer of vegetation are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for detecting the moisture content of the soil layer under a vegetation forest.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a soil moisture content detection device for the soil layer under the vegetation forest, comprising a weighing mechanism, a drying mechanism is installed on the weighing mechanism, a heating mechanism is provided between the weighing mechanism and the drying mechanism, a sorting mechanism is provided in the drying mechanism, a lifting mechanism is provided below the sorting mechanism, and a driving mechanism is provided on the top of the drying mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the sorting mechanism to move up and down, and the sorting mechanism will also reciprocate in different directions during the up and down movement, the sorting mechanism is used to shake the sandy soil and separate the stones inside it, the lifting mechanism is used to drive the loose sandy soil that falls from the sorting mechanism to be lifted up, and the heating mechanism is used to dry the sandy soil lifted by the lifting mechanism and the sandy soil that falls from the sorting mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the drying mechanism comprises a cylinder, a conical cylinder is provided below the weighing mechanism, a valve plate is detachably mounted on the bottom of the conical cylinder, a cover plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the cylinder, a material port is provided on the cover plate, a positioning cylinder 1 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cover plate, the sorting mechanism comprises a fixedly connected positioning cylinder 2 and a filtering cone cylinder, the positioning cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 1 are slidably connected, a circular shaft is fixedly mounted at the bottom center of the filtering cone cylinder, the circular shaft passes through the cover plate and is movably connected to the cover plate.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a mounting plate fixedly mounted on the top of the cover plate, a side panel one and a side panel two are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate, a motor is fixedly mounted on the side panel one in a through-type manner, an L-shaped frame is slidably mounted on the side of the side panel two close to the side panel one, an annular block is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the L-shaped frame, the top end of the circular shaft penetrates the mounting plate and is rotatably connected to the annular block, and the circular shaft and the mounting plate are movably connected, an eccentric wheel is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor, the eccentric wheel and the L-shaped frame are hinged with the same hinged rod, a guide rail is fixedly mounted on the side panel two, a slider is slidably sleeved on the guide rail, and the slider is fixedly connected to the L-shaped frame.

[0008] Preferably, the sorting mechanism also includes a sleeve 2 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cover plate, the sleeve 2 is movably mounted on a circular shaft, a plurality of spiral guide grooves 1 distributed in a circular array are provided on the circular shaft, and a plurality of spiral guide ribs 2 matching the plurality of spiral guide grooves 1 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve 2.

[0009] Preferably, a one-way bearing is sleeved on the circular shaft, and the one-way bearing comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly sleeved on the circular shaft, and two symmetrically distributed cross bars are fixedly mounted on the outer ring of the one-way bearing, and a plurality of linearly distributed vertical bars are fixedly mounted on the cross bars, and the plurality of vertical bars are distributed in a stepped manner and are slidingly connected to the inner wall of the filter cone, a sleeve 1 is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer ring of the one-way bearing, and a plurality of spiral guide ribs 1 distributed in a circular array are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve 1, and a plurality of spiral guide grooves 2 matched with the plurality of spiral guide ribs 1 are provided on the outer side of the sleeve 2.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a plurality of inclined scrapers distributed in a circular array, a same circular ring is fixedly installed through the plurality of inclined scrapers, a coaxially arranged circular block is provided on the inner side of the circular ring, a plurality of connecting rods distributed in a circular array are fixedly installed between the circular block and the circular ring, and a same square spring telescopic rod is fixedly installed between the top of the circular block and the bottom of the filter cone.

[0011] Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a conical box fixedly mounted on the outside of the conical cylinder, the inner side of the conical box is opened, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are fixedly installed through the conical box, the air inlet pipe is located above the air outlet pipe, a seat plate is provided below the air inlet pipe, a hot air blower is fixedly installed on the top of the seat plate, a bent pipe is fixedly installed on the air outlet of the hot air blower, the top end of the bent pipe is coaxially arranged with the air inlet pipe, the bottom end of the air inlet pipe is wide-mouthed, and a spiral cone plate is fixedly installed between the conical cylinder and the inner wall of the conical box.

[0012] Preferably, the weighing mechanism includes a plurality of fixed seats fixedly mounted on the outside of the cylinder and distributed in a circular array, columns are provided below the plurality of fixed seats, weighing sensors are fixedly mounted between the corresponding fixed seats and the columns, a same reinforcement rod is fixedly mounted between two adjacent columns, a computer is fixedly mounted on one of the reinforcement rods, and the plurality of weighing sensors are electrically connected to the computer.

[0013] A method for detecting the moisture content of the soil layer under a vegetation forest adopts the above-mentioned device for detecting the moisture content of the soil layer under a vegetation forest, and comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1, putting the soil sample of the vegetation understory obtained by sampling into the sorting mechanism, weighing it through the weighing mechanism, and then starting the heating mechanism to heat the inside of the drying mechanism;

[0015] S2, driving the sorting mechanism to separate the stones in the soil sample of the vegetation understory through the driving mechanism, and lifting the soil of the vegetation understory from which the stones are separated through the lifting mechanism, so that the water in the soil of the vegetation understory evaporates;

[0016] S3, when the water in the soil layer under the vegetation forest is completely evaporated, the soil in the soil layer under the vegetation forest is weighed again, and then the stones in the sorting mechanism are taken out. At this time, not only the weight of the stones can be obtained, but also the weight of the evaporated water can be obtained;

[0017] S4, the water content of the soil sample under the vegetation forest can be obtained by calculating the proportion of the weight of evaporated water to the weight of the soil sample under the vegetation forest after removing stones.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention shakes the sandy soil and separates the stones inside it through the up-and-down moving and rotating sorting mechanism, ensuring that the sandy soil can remove some moisture and fall on the bottom of the conical cylinder in a loose state before drying. By removing the stones in the sandy soil and then calculating the water content in the sandy soil, it is avoided that the weight of the stones affects the detection result of the water content;

[0020] 2. The sand and soil accumulated at the bottom of the cone can be lifted upward by the lifting mechanism, spread evenly on the inner wall of the cone and then fall automatically. During this process, the sand and soil are in full contact with the inner wall of the cone heated by the heating mechanism, thereby accelerating the drying of the sand and soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for detecting moisture content in the soil layer under a vegetation forest proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A partial side cross-sectional view of a device for detecting moisture content of soil in the understory of a vegetation forest proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional view of a sorting mechanism in a device for detecting moisture content of soil in the understory of a vegetation forest proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a driving mechanism in a device for detecting moisture content in the soil layer under a vegetation forest proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting mechanism in a device for detecting moisture content in the soil layer under a vegetation forest proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a weighing mechanism in a device for detecting moisture content in the soil layer under a vegetation forest.

[0027] In the figure: 1. weighing mechanism; 11. column; 12. fixed seat; 13. weighing sensor; 14. reinforcing rod; 15. computer; 2. drying mechanism; 21. cylinder; 22. conical cylinder; 23. valve plate; 24. cover plate; 241. material port; 25. positioning cylinder 1; 3. heating mechanism; 31. conical box; 32. air inlet pipe; 33. air outlet pipe; 34. seat plate; 35. hot air blower; 351. elbow; 36. spiral cone plate; 4. sorting mechanism; 41. positioning cylinder 2; 42. filter cone; 43. round shaft; 431. spiral guide groove 1; 44. Sleeve 1; 441. Spiral guide rib 1; 45. Sleeve 2; 451. Spiral guide rib 2; 452. Spiral guide groove 2; 46. One-way bearing; 47. Crossbar; 48. Vertical pole; 5. Lifting mechanism; 51. Inclined scraper; 52. Ring; 53. Connecting rod; 54. Round block; 55. Square spring telescopic rod; 6. Driving mechanism; 61. Mounting plate; 62. Side plate 1; 63. Side plate 2; 64. Motor; 65. Eccentric wheel; 66. L-shaped frame; 67. Articulated rod; 68. Ring block; 69. Guide rail; 610. Slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for detecting the moisture content of the soil layer under the vegetation forest, comprising a weighing mechanism 1, a drying mechanism 2 is installed on the weighing mechanism 1, a heating mechanism 3 is arranged between the weighing mechanism 1 and the drying mechanism 2, a sorting mechanism 4 is arranged in the drying mechanism 2, a lifting mechanism 5 is arranged below the sorting mechanism 4, a driving mechanism 6 is arranged on the top of the drying mechanism 2, the driving mechanism 6 is used to drive the sorting mechanism 4 to move up and down, and the sorting mechanism 4 will also reciprocate in different directions during the up and down movement, the sorting mechanism 4 is used to shake the sandy soil and separate the stones inside it, the lifting mechanism 5 is used to drive the loose sandy soil dropped from the sorting mechanism 4 to be lifted up, and the heating mechanism 3 is used to dry the sandy soil lifted by the lifting mechanism 5 and the sandy soil dropped from the sorting mechanism 4.

[0030] The drying mechanism 2 includes a cylinder 21, a conical cylinder 22 is provided below the weighing mechanism 1, a valve plate 23 is detachably installed at the bottom of the conical cylinder 22, a cover plate 24 is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder 21, a material port 241 is opened on the cover plate 24, a positioning cylinder 1 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cover plate 24, the sorting mechanism 4 includes a fixedly connected positioning cylinder 21 and a filtering cone cylinder 42, the positioning cylinder 21 and the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 1 25 are slidably connected, a round shaft 43 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the filtering cone cylinder 42, the round shaft 43 passes through the cover plate 24 and is movably connected to the cover plate 24.

[0031] The driving mechanism 6 includes a mounting plate 61 fixedly mounted on the top of the cover plate 24, a side plate 1 62 and a side plate 2 63 are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate 61, a motor 64 is fixedly mounted on the side plate 1 62 in a through-type manner, an L-shaped frame 66 is slidably mounted on the side of the side plate 2 63 close to the side plate 1 62, an annular block 68 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the L-shaped frame 66, the top end of the circular shaft 43 penetrates the mounting plate 61 and is rotatably connected to the annular block 68, and the circular shaft 43 and the mounting plate 61 are movably connected, an eccentric wheel 65 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 64, the eccentric wheel 65 and the L-shaped frame 66 are hinged with the same hinge rod 67, a guide rail 69 is fixedly mounted on the side plate 2 63, a slider 610 is slidably sleeved on the guide rail 69, and the slider 610 and the L-shaped frame 66 are fixedly connected.

[0032] The sorting mechanism 4 also includes a sleeve 45 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cover plate 24. The sleeve 45 is movably mounted on the circular shaft 43. The circular shaft 43 is provided with a plurality of spiral guide grooves 431 distributed in a circular array. A plurality of spiral guide ribs 451 matching the plurality of spiral guide grooves 431 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve 45.

[0033] A one-way bearing 46 is sleeved on the circular shaft 43, and the one-way bearing 46 includes an inner ring and an outer ring. The inner ring of the one-way bearing 46 is fixedly sleeved on the circular shaft 43, and two symmetrically distributed cross bars 47 are fixedly installed on the outer ring of the one-way bearing 46. A plurality of linearly distributed vertical bars 48 are fixedly installed on the cross bars 47. The plurality of vertical bars 48 are distributed in a stepped manner and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter cone 42. A sleeve 44 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer ring of the one-way bearing 46, and a plurality of spiral guide ribs 441 distributed in a circular array are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 44. A plurality of spiral guide grooves 452 matched with the plurality of spiral guide ribs 441 are provided on the outer side of the sleeve 45.

[0034] Furthermore, the pitches of the spiral guide rib 451 and the spiral guide groove 452 are equal, and the rotation directions are opposite, so that the rotation directions of the circular shaft 43 and the sleeve 44 are opposite when they move up and down synchronously.

[0035] The lifting mechanism 5 includes a plurality of inclined scrapers 51 distributed in a circular array, a same circular ring 52 is fixedly installed through the plurality of inclined scrapers 51, a coaxially arranged circular block 54 is provided on the inner side of the circular ring 52, a plurality of connecting rods 53 distributed in a circular array are fixedly installed between the circular block 54 and the circular ring 52, and a same square spring telescopic rod 55 is fixedly installed between the top of the circular block 54 and the bottom of the filter cone 42.

[0036] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 5 is elastically connected to the filter cone 42 through the square spring telescopic rod 55. If there is an obstruction below the inclined scraper 51, the probability of deformation of the ring 52 during the downward movement is reduced.

[0037] The heating mechanism 3 includes a conical box 31 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the conical cylinder 22, the inner side of the conical box 31 is opened, an air inlet pipe 32 and an air outlet pipe 33 are fixedly installed through the conical box 31, the air inlet pipe 32 is located above the air outlet pipe 33, a seat plate 34 is provided below the air inlet pipe 32, a hot air blower 35 is fixedly mounted on the top of the seat plate 34, a curved pipe 351 is fixedly mounted on the air outlet of the hot air blower 35, the top end of the curved pipe 351 is coaxially arranged with the air inlet pipe 32, the bottom end of the air inlet pipe 32 is wide-mouthed, and a spiral cone plate 36 is fixedly installed between the conical cylinder 22 and the inner wall of the conical box 31.

[0038] Furthermore, by providing the spiral cone plate 36, the circulation time of the hot air in the cone box 31 can be prolonged, and the hot air can be evenly filled in the cone box 31, so that the cone cylinder 22 can be heated sufficiently and evenly.

[0039] The weighing mechanism 1 includes a plurality of fixed seats 12 fixedly mounted on the outside of the cylinder 21 and distributed in a circular array. A column 11 is provided below each of the plurality of fixed seats 12. A weighing sensor 13 is fixedly mounted between the corresponding fixed seats 12 and the column 11. A same reinforcement rod 14 is fixedly mounted between two adjacent columns 11. A computer 15 is fixedly mounted on one of the reinforcement rods 14. The plurality of weighing sensors 13 are electrically connected to the computer 15.

[0040] Furthermore, the seat plate 34 is fixed on one of the reinforcing rods 14. In addition, the bent pipe 351 does not contact the air inlet pipe 32. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the center of gravity of the drying mechanism 2, the heating mechanism 3, the sorting mechanism 4, the lifting mechanism 5 and the driving mechanism 6 is on the axis of the conical cylinder 22. When weighing, first make the device in a horizontal state, and then subtract the gross weight of the drying mechanism 2, the heating mechanism 3 [excluding the seat plate 34 and the hot air blower 35], the sorting mechanism 4, the lifting mechanism 5 and the driving mechanism 6. At this time, the sand After the soil is put into the drying mechanism 2, its weight can be measured by multiple weighing sensors 13, and the result can be displayed on the computer 15 at the same time. After the weighing is completed, the valve plate 23 is removed to allow the completely dry and loose sandy soil to be discharged from the bottom of the conical cylinder 22. Through the material port 241, not only can the sandy soil be put into the filter cone 42, but also the stones in the filter cone 42 can be taken out from the material port 241, and the evaporated water can also be discharged through the material port 241.

[0041] A method for detecting the moisture content of the soil layer under a vegetation forest adopts the above-mentioned device for detecting the moisture content of the soil layer under a vegetation forest, and comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1, putting the soil sample of the vegetation understory obtained by sampling into the sorting mechanism 4, weighing it through the weighing mechanism 1, and then starting the heating mechanism 3 to heat the inside of the drying mechanism 2;

[0043] S2, driving the sorting mechanism 4 to separate the stones in the soil sample of the vegetation understory by the driving mechanism 6, and lifting the soil of the vegetation understory from which the stones are separated by the lifting mechanism 5, so that the water in the soil of the vegetation understory evaporates;

[0044] S3, when the water in the soil layer under the vegetation forest is completely evaporated, the soil in the soil layer under the vegetation forest is weighed again, and then the stones in the sorting mechanism 4 are taken out. At this time, not only the weight of the stones can be obtained, but also the weight of the evaporated water can be obtained;

[0045] S4, the water content of the soil sample under the vegetation forest can be obtained by calculating the proportion of the weight of evaporated water to the weight of the soil sample under the vegetation forest after removing stones.

[0046] In this embodiment: when in use, sandy soil is put into the filter cone 42 from the material port 241, and the hot air blower 35 is started at the same time. The hot air generated by the hot air blower 35 is discharged from the bent pipe 351 and enters the cone box 31 through the air inlet pipe 32. After that, the hot air fills the cone box 31 and is then discharged from the air outlet pipe 33. At the same time, the hot air transfers heat to the cone 22, so that the inside of the cone 22 and the cylinder 21 is in a high temperature state;

[0047] The starting motor 64 drives the eccentric wheel 65 to rotate, and the eccentric wheel 65 drives the L-shaped frame 66 to move up and down reciprocatingly through the hinge rod 67. The L-shaped frame 66 drives the round shaft 43 to move up and down reciprocatingly through the annular block 68. The round shaft 43 drives the filter cone 42 to move up and down reciprocatingly. At the same time, the multiple sets of spiral guide ribs 451 and the spiral guide grooves 431 move downward in coordination, so that the round shaft 43 drives the filter cone 42 to move up and down reciprocatingly, and also drives the round shaft 43 to reciprocate in different directions.

[0048] After the heat is transferred to the filter cone 42, the sandy soil that the filter cone 42 directly contacts can be dried quickly. Since the stickiness of the sandy soil becomes worse after drying, as the filter cone 42 reciprocates up and down and reciprocates in different directions, the dry sandy soil particles can pass through the holes on the filter cone 42 and fall to the bottom of the conical cylinder 22;

[0049] In the process of the circular shaft 43 driving the filter cone 42 to move upward, under the cooperation of the multiple sets of spiral guide ribs 1 441 and spiral guide grooves 2 452, the sleeve 1 44 will drive the two cross bars 47 to rotate through the one-way bearing 46, and the two cross bars 47 will drive the multiple vertical rods 48 below to rotate, and at this time, the rotation direction of the two cross bars 47 is opposite to the rotation direction of the filter cone 42, so that the sandy soil in the filter cone 42 can be stirred by the multiple vertical rods 48, so that the lumps in the sandy soil can be broken up, and in the process of the circular shaft 43 driving the filter cone 42 to move downward, because the multiple vertical rods 48 are against the sandy soil or stones, the sleeve 1 44 will idle, so as to ensure that the circular shaft 43 can move back and forth in the process, the two rows of vertical rods 48 can only rotate intermittently in a single direction, and finally ensure that the sandy soil is completed in a loose and dry state and passes through the holes on the filter cone 42 and falls on the bottom of the cone 22;

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 in and Figure 5As shown, during the upward movement of the circular shaft 43, the entire lifting mechanism 5 will be driven to rotate upward in a clockwise direction. During the upward rotation, the lifting mechanism 5 will use multiple inclined scrapers 51 to lift and throw out the sandy soil accumulated at the bottom of the conical cylinder 22. Under the action of the upward external force and centrifugal force, multiple square spring telescopic rods 55 will drive the sandy soil to rise and fall on the inner wall of the conical cylinder 22, and then slide down along the inner wall of the conical cylinder 22 under the action of gravity. During this process, the sandy soil is in a scattered state and fully contacts the high-temperature inner wall of the conical cylinder 22, so that the sandy soil can be completely dried. At the same time, only stones are retained inside the filter cone 42, and the sandy soil accumulated at the bottom of the conical cylinder 22 is in a completely dehydrated loose state.

[0051] During the above operation, when the sandy soil is put into the sorting mechanism 4, the weight of the sandy soil is firstly weighed by a plurality of weighing sensors 13, and then the sandy soil after being completely dehydrated is weighed. By calculating the weight difference between the two, the weight of the evaporated water can be obtained. Then, the stones in the filter cone 42 are taken out and the completely dehydrated sandy soil is weighed. At this time, the weight of the stones in the sandy soil can be obtained. By calculating the weight ratio of the evaporated water weight to the weight of the undehydrated sandy soil minus the weight of the stones, the water content in the sandy soil can be obtained.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the moisture content of the soil layer under a vegetation forest, comprising a weighing mechanism (1), characterized in that: The weighing mechanism (1) is provided with a drying mechanism (2), a heating mechanism (3) is provided between the weighing mechanism (1) and the drying mechanism (2), a sorting mechanism (4) is provided inside the drying mechanism (2), a lifting mechanism (5) is provided below the sorting mechanism (4), a driving mechanism (6) is provided on the top of the drying mechanism (2), the driving mechanism (6) is used to drive the sorting mechanism (4) to move up and down, and the sorting mechanism (4) will also reciprocate in different directions during the process of moving up and down, the sorting mechanism (4) is used to shake the sandy soil and separate the stones inside it, the lifting mechanism (5) is used to drive the loose sandy soil that falls from the sorting mechanism (4) to lift up, and the heating mechanism (3) is used to dry the sandy soil lifted by the lifting mechanism (5) and the sandy soil that falls from the sorting mechanism (4); The drying mechanism (2) comprises a cylinder (21), a conical cylinder (22) is provided below the weighing mechanism (1), a valve plate (23) is detachably mounted on the bottom of the conical cylinder (22), a cover plate (24) is fixedly mounted on the top of the cylinder (21), a material port (241) is provided on the cover plate (24), a positioning cylinder (25) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cover plate (24), the sorting mechanism (4) comprises a positioning cylinder (41) and a filtering cone cylinder (42) which are fixedly connected, the positioning cylinder (41) and the inner walls of the positioning cylinder (25) being slidably connected, a round shaft (43) is fixedly mounted at the center of the bottom of the filtering cone cylinder (42), the round shaft (43) passes through the cover plate (24) and is movably connected to the cover plate (24); The sorting mechanism (4) further comprises a second sleeve (45) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cover plate (24); the second sleeve (45) is movably mounted on the circular shaft (43); the circular shaft (43) is provided with a plurality of first spiral guide grooves (431) distributed in a circumferential array; and a plurality of second spiral guide ribs (451) adapted to the plurality of first spiral guide grooves (431) are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second sleeve (45); A one-way bearing (46) is sleeved on the circular shaft (43), the one-way bearing (46) comprising an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring of the one-way bearing (46) is fixedly sleeved on the circular shaft (43), the outer ring of the one-way bearing (46) is fixedly mounted with two symmetrically distributed cross bars (47), the cross bars (47) are fixedly mounted with a plurality of linearly distributed vertical bars (48), the plurality of vertical bars (48) are distributed in a stepped manner and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter cone (42), a sleeve (44) is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer ring of the one-way bearing (46), a plurality of spiral guide ribs (441) distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve (44), and a plurality of spiral guide grooves (452) adapted to the plurality of spiral guide ribs (441) are provided on the outer side of the sleeve (45); The lifting mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of inclined scrapers (51) distributed in a circumferential array, a same circular ring (52) is fixedly installed through the plurality of inclined scrapers (51), a coaxially arranged circular block (54) is provided inside the circular ring (52), a plurality of connecting rods (53) distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly installed between the circular block (54) and the circular ring (52), and a same square spring telescopic rod (55) is fixedly installed between the top of the circular block (54) and the bottom of the filter cone (42); The heating mechanism (3) comprises a conical box (31) fixedly sleeved on the outside of the conical cylinder (22); the inner side of the conical box (31) is open; an air inlet pipe (32) and an air outlet pipe (33) are fixedly installed through the conical box (31); the air inlet pipe (32) is located above the air outlet pipe (33); a seat plate (34) is provided below the air inlet pipe (32); a hot air blower (35) is fixedly installed on the top of the seat plate (34); a curved pipe (351) is fixedly installed on the air outlet of the hot air blower (35); the top end of the curved pipe (351) is coaxially arranged with the air inlet pipe (32); the bottom end of the air inlet pipe (32) is wide-mouthed; and a spiral cone plate (36) is fixedly installed between the conical cylinder (22) and the inner wall of the conical box (31); The weighing mechanism (1) comprises a plurality of fixed seats (12) fixedly mounted on the outside of a cylinder (21) and distributed in a circumferential array, a column (11) being provided below each of the plurality of fixed seats (12), a weighing sensor (13) being fixedly mounted between a corresponding fixed seat (12) and the column (11), a same reinforcing rod (14) being fixedly mounted between two adjacent columns (11), a computer (15) being fixedly mounted on one of the reinforcing rods (14), and the plurality of weighing sensors (13) being electrically connected to the computer (15).

2. The device for detecting soil moisture content in the soil layer under the vegetation forest according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism (6) comprises a mounting plate (61) fixedly mounted on the top of the cover plate (24); a side plate 1 (62) and a side plate 2 (63) are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate (61); a motor (64) is fixedly mounted through the side plate 1 (62); an L-shaped frame (66) is slidably mounted on a side of the side plate 2 (63) close to the side plate 1 (62); a ring block (68) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the L-shaped frame (66); and a top end of the circular shaft (43) passes through the mounting plate. The mounting plate (61) is rotatably connected to the annular block (68), and the circular shaft (43) and the mounting plate (61) are movably connected. An eccentric wheel (65) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor (64). The eccentric wheel (65) and the L-shaped frame (66) are hingedly connected to a same hinge rod (67). A guide rail (69) is fixedly mounted on the second side plate (63). A sliding block (610) is slidably sleeved on the guide rail (69). The sliding block (610) and the L-shaped frame (66) are fixedly connected.

3. A method for detecting the moisture content of soil in the soil layer under a vegetation forest, using the device for detecting the moisture content of soil in the soil layer under a vegetation forest in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, placing the soil sample of the vegetation understory obtained by sampling into the sorting mechanism (4), weighing it through the weighing mechanism (1), and then starting the heating mechanism (3) to heat the inside of the drying mechanism (2); S2, driving the sorting mechanism (4) to separate stones from the soil sample of the vegetation understory soil layer through the driving mechanism (6), and lifting the soil of the vegetation understory soil layer from which the stones are separated through the lifting mechanism (5), so that the water in the soil of the vegetation understory soil layer evaporates; S3, when the water in the soil layer under the vegetation forest is completely evaporated, the soil in the soil layer under the vegetation forest is weighed again, and then the stones in the sorting mechanism (4) are taken out. At this time, not only the weight of the stones can be obtained, but also the weight of the evaporated water can be obtained; S4, the water content of the soil sample under the vegetation forest can be obtained by calculating the proportion of the weight of evaporated water to the weight of the soil sample under the vegetation forest after removing stones.

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