Display module and display device
By setting the spectroscopic structure in the display module to form a preset angle arrangement with the third direction, the problem of dark areas between viewpoints in active spectroscopic display technology is solved, which improves user experience and reduces color separation phenomenon, achieving higher image quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411639324.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
When the existing active spectroscopic display module moves horizontally, there are dark areas between adjacent viewpoints, resulting in a sudden drop in brightness and image jump, affecting the user's viewing experience.
A display module is designed, by setting multiple spectral structures on the display panel, arranging them in parallel directions, and forming a preset angle range of 75° to 90° with the third direction to increase the viewpoint width to ensure that The relative positions of sub-pixels of different luminous colors are the same as those of the spectroscopic structure, thereby reducing the dark area between viewpoints.
It effectively reduces the dark area between viewpoints, improves user experience, and avoids color separation problems and improves image quality through the "borrow color" and sub-pixel rendering algorithms between sub-pixels.
Smart Images
Figure CN119200251A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art
[0002] Active spectral display technology projects different pixels to corresponding viewing areas through spectral elements to achieve naked-eye 3D effects. However, when the existing display module uses active spectral display technology, there is a dark area between two adjacent viewpoints. When the observer moves horizontally, the brightness between the viewing areas will drop sharply and the image will jump, which seriously affects the user's viewing experience. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application are directed to providing a display module and a display device to solve the problem of large dark areas between viewpoints, which affects the user experience.
[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a display module, comprising: a display panel; a plurality of light-splitting structures, located on the light-emitting side of the display panel; the orthographic projection of the light-splitting structures on the display panel is in the shape of strips, the plurality of light-splitting structures are arranged sequentially along a first direction parallel to the display panel, the light-splitting structures extend along a second direction parallel to the display panel, the first direction and the second direction intersect, there is a preset angle between the second direction and a third direction parallel to the display panel, the first direction and the third direction are perpendicular, and the preset angle range is 75° to 90°.
[0005] In one embodiment, the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, an orthographic projection of the light splitting structure on the display panel covers the plurality of sub-pixels, and among the plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different light splitting structures on the display panel, at least part of the light emitted by the sub-pixels having the same position relative to the respective corresponding light splitting structures converges at the same viewpoint after passing through the respective corresponding light splitting structures;
[0006] Preferably, among the multiple sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different light-splitting structures on the display panel, the sub-pixels having the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures include a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a green sub-pixel;
[0007] Preferably, the light splitting structure corresponds to an odd number of viewpoints.
[0008] In one embodiment, a plurality of sub-pixels include at least one first sub-pixel, at least one second sub-pixel, and at least one third sub-pixel. Among the plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projection of adjacent light-splitting structures on the display panel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel having the same position relative to their respective corresponding light-splitting structures, and a first sub-pixel adjacent to the second sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel in the second direction constitute a pixel unit.
[0009] In one embodiment, at least one first sub-pixel includes a plurality of first sub-pixels, at least one second sub-pixel includes a plurality of second sub-pixels, and at least one third sub-pixel includes a plurality of third sub-pixels. In the second direction, the plurality of first sub-pixels and the plurality of second sub-pixels are alternately arranged, and the plurality of first sub-pixels and the plurality of third sub-pixels are alternately arranged; or, in the second direction, the plurality of first sub-pixels are arranged continuously, and the plurality of second sub-pixels and the plurality of third sub-pixels are alternately arranged; preferably, in the third direction, the plurality of first sub-pixels are arranged sequentially, and the plurality of second sub-pixels and the plurality of third sub-pixels are alternately arranged, or, in the third direction, the plurality of first sub-pixels and the plurality of second sub-pixels are alternately arranged, and the plurality of first sub-pixels and the plurality of third sub-pixels are alternately arranged; preferably, in the second direction, the distance between any two sub-pixels is equal, and in a fourth direction parallel to the display panel, the distance between any two sub-pixels is equal, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the second direction; preferably, in the second direction, the plurality of sub-pixels are arranged into a plurality of pixel columns, and the orthographic projection of the light-splitting structure on the display panel covers an odd number of pixel columns.
[0010] In one embodiment, in a first direction, a plurality of second sub-pixels and a plurality of third sub-pixels are arranged alternately, in a second direction, a plurality of first sub-pixels and a plurality of second sub-pixels are arranged alternately, and a plurality of first sub-pixels and a plurality of third sub-pixels are arranged alternately, in a third direction, a distance between a first sub-pixel and two adjacent second sub-pixels is not equal, and a distance between a first sub-pixel and two adjacent third sub-pixels is not equal, in a fourth direction parallel to the display panel, a distance between a first sub-pixel and two adjacent second sub-pixels is not equal, and a distance between a first sub-pixel and two adjacent third sub-pixels is not equal, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
[0011] In one embodiment, the preset angle is arctan(k), where k is a positive integer ranging from 1 to 5.
[0012] In one embodiment, the light splitting structure includes a cylindrical lens, and the distance between the central axes of different cylindrical lenses is SD / (D+H), wherein S is the distance between sub-pixels at the same position relative to the corresponding light splitting structures in a plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projection of different cylindrical lenses on the display panel in the first direction, D is the distance between the cylindrical lens and the plane where the viewpoint is located, and H is the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens;
[0013] Preferably, S satisfies the expression:
[0014]
[0015] Wherein, n is the number of viewpoints corresponding to the cylindrical lens, p is the distance between adjacent sub-pixels arranged along the third direction, and θ is a preset angle.
[0016] In one embodiment, the light splitting structure includes a cylindrical lens, and the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is greater than the focal length of the cylindrical lens; preferably, the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is 1.1 to 1.2 times the focal length of the cylindrical lens.
[0017] In one embodiment, the first sub-pixel is a green sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel is a blue sub-pixel.
[0018] A second aspect of the present application provides a display device, comprising: a display module as mentioned in any of the above embodiments.
[0019] The technical solution provided by the present application is to arrange multiple light-splitting structures in a first direction parallel to the display panel, and extend in a second direction parallel to the display panel, and to set a preset angle between the second direction and the third direction, so that the relative positions of sub-pixels of different luminous colors in the display panel and the light-splitting structures are the same. By setting the preset angle range to 75° to 90°, the viewpoint width is increased, so that the dark area between viewpoints disappears. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can reduce the dark area between viewpoints and improve the user experience.
[0020] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0022] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0023] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided in another embodiment of the present application.
[0024] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of viewpoint distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0025] Figure 4 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0026] Figure 5 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0027] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0028] Figure 7 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0029] Figure 8 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0030] Fig. 9 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0031] Fig.10 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0032] Fig.11 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0033] Fig.12 Shown is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application.
[0034] Fig.13 Shown is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0035] Fig.14 Shown is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0036] Fig.15 Shown is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0037] Fig.16 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
[0038] Fig.17 Shown is a schematic diagram of light intensity distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0039] Fig.18 Shown is a schematic diagram of light intensity distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application.
[0040] Fig.19 Shown is a schematic diagram of light intensity distribution provided by yet another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0042] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The display module includes: a display panel 100; a plurality of light splitting structures 110, which are located at the light emitting side of the display panel 100; the orthographic projection of the light splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100 is in a strip shape, the plurality of light splitting structures 110 are sequentially arranged along a first direction x parallel to the display panel 100, the light splitting structure 110 extends along a second direction F1 parallel to the display panel 100, the first direction x and the second direction F1 intersect, there is a preset angle θ between the second direction F1 and the third direction y, the first direction x and the third direction y are perpendicular, and the preset angle θ ranges from 75° to 90°.
[0043] Specifically, a light splitting structure 110 is arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel 100, and different display images are formed in the left eye and the right eye of the observer respectively. The observer can obtain the stereoscopic display image content by recognizing the left eye image and the right eye image by the left eye and the right eye respectively. In the related art, the extension direction of the light splitting structure 110 is parallel to the third direction y, and the relative position difference between the sub-pixels of different luminous colors in the display panel 100 and the light splitting structure 110 is large, so that the light emitted by the sub-pixels passes through the light splitting structure 110 and the color separation phenomenon occurs at the viewpoint. Therefore, a plurality of light splitting structures 110 are arranged in sequence along the first direction x parallel to the display panel 100, and extend along the second direction F1 parallel to the display panel 100, and there is a preset angle θ between the second direction F1 and the third direction y, so that the positions of the sub-pixels of different luminous colors relative to the light splitting structure 110 are the same. In the coordinate system of the display panel 100, a first direction x parallel to the display panel 100 is defined. According to the rules of the Cartesian coordinate system, in a plane parallel to the display panel 100, there must be a third direction y perpendicular to the first direction x. For example, the third direction y can be parallel to one side of the display area of the display panel 100. For a circular or irregularly shaped display panel 100, the third direction y can be parallel to the side of the display panel 100 that approaches a straight line after infinite expansion. For example, the third direction y can be parallel to the horizontal movement direction of the observer. The light splitting structure 110 may include a cylindrical lens. The technical solution of this embodiment is described below using a cylindrical lens as an example.
[0044] Exemplarily, a cylindrical lens is used as the light splitting structure 110, and the long side direction of the cylindrical lens is the extension direction of the light splitting structure 110. The expression of the preset angle θ can be:
[0045] θ=±atan(k) (1)
[0046] Here, k is a positive integer ranging from 1 to 5.
[0047] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of viewpoint distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 , exemplarily, the viewpoints corresponding to the light splitting structure 110 include view1, view2 and view3. In the third direction y, there is a first viewpoint spacing l between adjacent viewpoints, and in the fourth direction F2 perpendicular to the second direction F1, there is a second viewpoint spacing d between adjacent viewpoints, which can be expressed as:
[0048] d=l*cosθ (2)
[0049] Figure 4 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 4, based on the principle of similar triangles, an expression for the distance H between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is:
[0050]
[0051] Wherein, D is the distance between the cylindrical lens and the plane where the multiple viewpoints are located, and p is the distance between adjacent sub-pixels arranged along the third direction y.
[0052] Figure 5 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, in the first direction x, among the multiple sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different cylindrical lenses on the display panel 100, the distance S between the sub-pixels at the same position relative to the corresponding light splitting structures 110 is:
[0053]
[0054] Where n is the number of viewpoints.
[0055] Using the principle of similar triangles, we can get that the distance Plens between the central axes of different cylindrical lenses is:
[0056] Plens=SD / (D+H) (5)
[0057] In addition, the expression of the numerical aperture NA of the cylindrical lens is:
[0058]
[0059] Where, is the focal length of the cylindrical lens.
[0060] In an optical system, the Airy disk is expressed as:
[0061]
[0062] Among them, λ is the wavelength of light and r is the radius of the Airy disk.
[0063] According to the Airy disk formula, it can be known that the smaller the numerical aperture NA of the cylindrical lens, the larger the radius r of the Airy disk. The radius r of the Airy disk is proportional to the viewpoint width, that is, the smaller the numerical aperture NA of the cylindrical lens, the larger the ratio of the viewpoint width to the distance between adjacent viewpoints, and the smaller the dark area between adjacent viewpoints. In some embodiments, the sub-pixel is located on the focal plane of the cylindrical lens, and the focal length f of the cylindrical lens is equal to the distance H between the sub-pixel and the cylindrical lens. Therefore, according to the above formulas, it can be obtained that when the first viewpoint spacing l is set to a preset value, the larger the preset angle θ, the smaller the second viewpoint spacing d, and the larger the distance H between the sub-pixel and the cylindrical lens, the larger the viewpoint width, and the smaller the dark area between adjacent viewpoints. The present application does not limit the specific value of the preset angle θ. In a preferred case, the preset angle θ>75°, and the dark area between viewpoints disappears.
[0064] Exemplarily, a viewpoint formed after a portion of light emitted by a plurality of sub-pixels passes through a corresponding cylindrical lens is a first viewpoint, and a viewpoint formed after a portion of light emitted by a plurality of sub-pixels passes through a cylindrical lens adjacent to the corresponding cylindrical lens is a second viewpoint. When θ is set to atan(5), there is no dark area between viewpoints. Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal axis is the distance between the cylindrical lens and the viewpoint, and the vertical axis is the viewpoint illumination. The portion of the curve in the central area represents the illumination distribution at the first viewpoint, and the portion of the curve in the edge area represents the illumination distribution at the second viewpoint.
[0065] The technical solution of this embodiment is to arrange a plurality of light splitting structures 110 in sequence along a first direction x parallel to the display panel 100, and extend along a second direction F1 parallel to the display panel 100, and to set a preset angle θ between the second direction F1 and the third direction y, so that the relative positions of the sub-pixels of different luminous colors in the display panel 100 and the light splitting structures 110 are the same. By setting the preset angle θ in the range of 75° to 90°, the viewpoint width is increased, so that the dark area between the viewpoints disappears. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment can reduce the dark area between the viewpoints and improve the user experience.
[0066] In one embodiment, see Figure 5, the display panel 100 includes a plurality of sub-pixels, the orthographic projection of the light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100 covers the plurality of sub-pixels, and among the plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different light-splitting structures 110 on the display panel 100, at least part of the light emitted by sub-pixels at the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110 converges at the same viewpoint after passing through the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110; preferably, among the plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different light-splitting structures 110 on the display panel 100, the sub-pixels at the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110 include red sub-pixels, blue sub-pixels and green sub-pixels; preferably, the light-splitting structure 110 corresponds to an odd number of viewpoints.
[0067] Specifically, among the multiple sub-pixels located in the orthographic projection of different light-splitting structures 110 on the display panel 100, the sub-pixels at the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110 include red sub-pixels, blue sub-pixels, and green sub-pixels, and at least part of the light emitted by them converges at the same viewpoint after passing through the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110. This arrangement allows light of different colors to be received at one viewpoint, avoiding the problem of color separation. Exemplarily, the number of viewpoints corresponding to each light-splitting structure 110 is set to an odd number, and exemplarily, the number of viewpoints corresponding to each light-splitting structure 110 is 2N+1 (N=1, 2, 3...), which can avoid the problem of color deficiency.
[0068] The technical solution of this embodiment is arranged in a plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projection of different splitting structures 110 on the display panel 100, and at least part of the light emitted by sub-pixels at the same position relative to their respective corresponding splitting structures 110 converges at the same viewpoint after passing through their respective corresponding splitting structures 110. The advantage of such an arrangement is that it is conducive to "borrowing colors" between pixels, avoiding the color separation phenomenon when the display module realizes stereoscopic display, and can also enhance the brightness of each sub-pixel to a certain extent. In addition, when different sub-pixels need to display the same brightness pattern, a smaller current can be used, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display panel 100. It further solves the color separation problem of the display module when realizing stereoscopic display in the related art, and improves the user experience.
[0069] In one embodiment, the first sub-pixel 101 is a green sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel 102 is a red sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel 103 is a blue sub-pixel. The advantage is that the display module uses the three primary colors RGB display technology for color display.
[0070] Figure 7 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 7As shown, a plurality of sub-pixels include at least one first sub-pixel 101, at least one second sub-pixel 102 and at least one third sub-pixel 103. Among the plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projection of an adjacent light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100, the second sub-pixel 102 and the third sub-pixel 103 having the same position relative to their respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110, and the first sub-pixel 101 adjacent to the second sub-pixel 102 or the third sub-pixel 103 in the second direction F1 constitute a pixel unit.
[0071] Specifically, each pixel unit is processed by the pixel compensation algorithm and then acts as a virtual pixel to emit light. Figure 7 , lists the coordinate information of the sub-pixels included in the pixel unit. Among the multiple sub-pixels located in the positive projection of the adjacent light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100, the second sub-pixel 102 (i+n / 2k+1, jk) and the third sub-pixel 103 (i+1, jk) with the same position relative to the corresponding light-splitting structure 110, and the first sub-pixel 101 (i, j) adjacent to the third sub-pixel 103 (i+1, jk) in the second direction F1 constitute a pixel unit. By analogy, in the third direction y, two adjacent pixel units share a second sub-pixel 102 (or a third sub-pixel 103). In the related art, the first sub-pixel 101 with coordinates (i, j), the first sub-pixel 101 with coordinates (i+n / 2k, j), the third sub-pixel 103 with coordinates (i+1, jk), and the second sub-pixel 102 with coordinates (i+n / 2k+1, jk) constitute a pixel unit. After being processed by the pixel compensation algorithm in the related art, in this pixel unit, the two first sub-pixels 101 respectively display different contents, and the pixel unit is displayed as two virtual pixels by "borrowing colors" between the sub-pixels, resulting in a lower visual resolution of the human eye when the physical resolution of the display module remains unchanged. The above-mentioned pixel compensation algorithm can adopt a variety of auxiliary algorithms, as long as the above-mentioned pixel compensation can be achieved. Exemplarily, the pixel compensation algorithm can be a sub-pixel rendering algorithm. Exemplarily, by integrating the sub-pixel rendering algorithm into the chip, the chip is used to accurately control the pixel unit in the display module, thereby optimizing the display effect of the virtual pixel.
[0072] The technical solution of this embodiment is that among the multiple sub-pixels located in the positive projection of the adjacent light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100, the second sub-pixel 102 and the third sub-pixel 103 with the same position relative to the corresponding light-splitting structure 110, and the first sub-pixel 101 adjacent to the second sub-pixel 102 or the third sub-pixel 103 in the second direction F1 constitute a pixel unit. After being processed by the sub-pixel rendering algorithm, each pixel unit is displayed as a virtual pixel by "borrowing colors" between sub-pixels. Compared with the prior art, the visual resolution of the human eye can be improved without changing the physical resolution of the display module.
[0073] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided in another embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided in another embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , at least one first sub-pixel 101 includes a plurality of first sub-pixels 101, at least one second sub-pixel 102 includes a plurality of second sub-pixels 102, and at least one third sub-pixel 103 includes a plurality of third sub-pixels 103. In the second direction F1, the plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and the plurality of second sub-pixels 102 are alternately arranged, and the plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and the plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are alternately arranged; or, in the second direction F1, the plurality of first sub-pixels 101 are continuously arranged, and the plurality of second sub-pixels 102 and the plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are alternately arranged; preferably, in the third direction y, the plurality of first sub-pixels 101 are sequentially arranged, and the plurality of second sub-pixels 102 and the plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are alternately arranged. The second sub-pixels 102 and the plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately, or, in the third direction y, the plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and the plurality of second sub-pixels 102 are arranged alternately, and the plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and the plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately; preferably, in the second direction F1, the distance between any two sub-pixels is equal, and in the fourth direction F2 parallel to the display panel 100, the distance between any two sub-pixels is equal, and the fourth direction F2 is perpendicular to the second direction F1; preferably, in the second direction F1, the plurality of sub-pixels are arranged into a plurality of pixel columns, and the orthographic projection of the light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100 covers an odd number of pixel columns.
[0074] Specifically, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 , a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 , and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged in the display panel 100 , and the first sub-pixels 101 , the second sub-pixels 102 , and the third sub-pixels 103 emit light of different colors.
[0075] like Figure 2As shown, in the third direction y, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. In the second direction F1, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 are arranged alternately, and a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. This arrangement enables, in the second direction F1, among a plurality of sub-pixels located in the positive projection of the adjacent light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100, the first sub-pixels 101 and the second sub-pixels 102 (or the third sub-pixels 103) having the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110 can complete "borrowing color" to avoid the color separation problem.
[0076] like Figure 8 As shown, in the third direction y, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 are arranged alternately, and a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. In the second direction F1, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 are arranged alternately, and a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. In this way, in the second direction F1, among a plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projection of the adjacent light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100, the first sub-pixels 101 and the second sub-pixels 102 (or the third sub-pixels 103) having the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110 can complete "borrowing color" to avoid the color separation problem.
[0077] Exemplarily, a first sub-pixel 101 can be positioned among the multiple sub-pixels covered by the spectroscopic structure 110, and the spectroscopic structure 110 corresponding to the first sub-pixel 101 can be slowly rotated until a second sub-pixel 102 (or a third sub-pixel 103) and the first sub-pixel 101 are arranged continuously in the extension direction of the spectroscopic structure 110, so that the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 (or the third sub-pixel 103) are in the same position relative to the spectroscopic structure 110.
[0078] like Fig. 9 As shown, in the third direction y, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. In the second direction F1, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 are arranged continuously, and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. This arrangement enables, in the second direction F1, among a plurality of sub-pixels located in the positive projection of the adjacent light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100, the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 (or the third sub-pixel 103) having the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110 can complete "borrowing color" to avoid the color separation problem.
[0079] like Fig.10As shown, in the third direction y, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 are arranged alternately, and a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. In the second direction F1, a plurality of first sub-pixels 101 are arranged continuously, and a plurality of second sub-pixels 102 and a plurality of third sub-pixels 103 are arranged alternately. In this way, in the second direction F1, among a plurality of sub-pixels located in the positive projection of the adjacent light-splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100, the first sub-pixels 101 and the second sub-pixels 102 (or the third sub-pixels 103) having the same position relative to the respective corresponding light-splitting structures 110 can complete "borrowing color" to avoid the color separation problem.
[0080] Exemplarily, a first sub-pixel 101 can be positioned among the multiple sub-pixels covered by the spectroscopic structure 110, and the spectroscopic structure 110 corresponding to the first sub-pixel 101 can be slowly rotated until, in the orthographic projection of its adjacent spectroscopic structure 110 on the display panel 100, there is a second sub-pixel 102 (or a third sub-pixel 103) having the same position as the first sub-pixel 101 relative to their respective corresponding spectroscopic structures 110.
[0081] In a preferred case, in the second direction F1 , the orthographic projection of the light splitting structure 110 on the display panel 100 covers an odd number of pixel columns, which is more conducive to “borrowing colors” between sub-pixels.
[0082] In this embodiment, by setting different sub-pixel arrangements, the positions of sub-pixels of different luminous colors relative to the light splitting structure 110 are further made the same. The implementation method is simple, and the color separation problem is further effectively solved, which is conducive to improving user experience.
[0083] In addition, in the second direction F1, the distance between any two sub-pixels is set equal, and in the fourth direction F2 parallel to the display panel 100, the distance between any two sub-pixels is set equal, so that the multiple sub-pixels are evenly arranged in the display panel 100. The advantage of such a setting is that the color mixing can be more accurately controlled, the image quality can be improved, and the jagged edges and moiré patterns can be reduced.
[0084] Fig.11 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig.11As shown, in the first direction x, multiple second sub-pixels 102 and multiple third sub-pixels 103 are alternately arranged, in the second direction F1, multiple first sub-pixels 101 and multiple second sub-pixels 102 are alternately arranged, and multiple first sub-pixels 101 and multiple third sub-pixels 103 are alternately arranged, in the second direction F1, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent second sub-pixels 102 is not equal, and the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent third sub-pixels 103 is not equal, in the fourth direction F2 parallel to the display panel 100, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent second sub-pixels 102 is not equal, and the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent third sub-pixels 103 is not equal, and the fourth direction F2 is perpendicular to the second direction F1.
[0085] Specifically, the technical solution of this embodiment is different from the above embodiment in that, in the second direction F1, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent second sub-pixels 102 is not equal, and the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent third sub-pixels 103 is not equal. In the fourth direction F2 parallel to the display panel 100, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent second sub-pixels 102 is not equal, and the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent third sub-pixels 103 is not equal. For example, see Fig.11 , the first sub-pixel spacing d1 and the second sub-pixel spacing d2 are not equal, and the third sub-pixel spacing d3 and the fourth sub-pixel spacing d4 are not equal. By precisely controlling the distances between sub-pixels of different colors, the mixing of colors can be more precisely controlled, reducing color non-uniformity at specific angles.
[0086] For example, the distance between the observer and the display module is set to 30 cm, the first viewpoint spacing l is 6.5 cm, and the number of viewpoints corresponding to the light splitting structure 110 is 4. Tests are performed with the preset angle θ being atan(1 / 5) and the preset angle θ being atan(5) to obtain the illumination distribution of multiple viewpoints.
[0087] Fig.12 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig.13 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application. The Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) of the peak value of the illumination distribution curve of a viewpoint represents the lateral range when the peak illumination intensity at the viewpoint drops to half of that. The ratio of the peak half-maximum FWHM of the two central viewpoints to the first viewpoint spacing l is set as the evaluation basis. The larger the ratio, the smaller the dark area. See Fig.12 and Fig.13, when the preset angle θ is atan(1 / 5), the peak half-width FWHM of the two central viewpoints is 37.8, and the ratio is 0.58; when the preset angle θ is atan(5), the peak half-width FWHM of the two central viewpoints is 49.5, and the ratio is 0.76. It can be seen that the larger the preset angle θ is, the smaller the dark area is.
[0088] In addition, by adjusting the distance between sub-pixels, the viewpoints where the sub-pixels converge after passing through the light splitting structure 110 can be adjusted, so that the first viewpoint interval l can be adjusted. Exemplarily, the preset angle θ is set to atan(5). Fig.14 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig.15 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of illumination distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 13-Figure 15 , the first viewpoint spacing l is 6.5cm, 6.5 / 2cm and 6.5 / 3cm respectively, and the peak half-height width FWHM of the two central viewpoints is 49.5mm, 25.65mm and 18.95mm respectively, then the ratio of the peak half-height width FWHM of the two central viewpoints to the first viewpoint spacing l is 0.76, 0.79 and 0.87 respectively. It can be obtained that the smaller the first viewpoint spacing l is, the smaller the dark area is. In the preferred case, the preset angle θ is set to atan(5), and the first viewpoint spacing l is 6.5 / 3cm, which further reduces the dark area between viewpoints.
[0089] In this embodiment, in the second direction F1 and the fourth direction F2, the distances between the first sub-pixel 101 and its two adjacent sub-pixels are set to be unequal, thereby obtaining a more flexible pixel arrangement. By adjusting the distance between the sub-pixels, the first viewpoint spacing l can be optimized, further facilitating the reduction of dark areas between viewpoints and improving user experience.
[0090] In one embodiment, the light splitting structure 110 includes a cylindrical lens.
[0091] Specifically, the cylindrical lens can be used to guide images of different viewing angles to the left and right eyes of the observer, thereby producing a stereoscopic visual effect. Due to the lateral focusing effect of the cylindrical lens, the image crosstalk between the left and right eyes can be reduced, and the quality of the 3D image can be improved. In addition, the integration of the cylindrical lens with a display panel 100 such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is easy to implement.
[0092] In this embodiment, by configuring the light splitting structure 110 to be a cylindrical lens, the stereoscopic display image quality of the display module can be improved, which is further beneficial to improving the user experience.
[0093] In one embodiment, the light splitting structure 110 includes a cylindrical lens, and the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is greater than the focal length of the cylindrical lens; preferably, the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is 1.1 to 1.2 times the focal length of the cylindrical lens.
[0094] Specifically, Fig.16 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig.16 The display panel 100 includes a first inorganic layer 11, an organic encapsulation layer 12, and a second inorganic layer 13 stacked in sequence along the thickness direction z of the display panel 100. The display module includes a polarizing layer 14, an optical adhesive layer 15, and a thin film embossed adhesive layer 16 stacked in sequence on the light-emitting side of the display panel 100. The cylindrical lens is located on the side of the thin film embossed adhesive layer 16 away from the display panel 100.
[0095] Another expression for the distance H between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is:
[0096] H=t1 / N1+t2 / N2+…+t n / N n (8)
[0097] Among them, t1~t n To display the thickness of each film layer in the module, N1~N n is the refractive index of each film layer.
[0098] The radius of curvature R of the cylindrical lens can be:
[0099] R=(N1-1)(t1 / N1+t2 / N2+…+t n / N n ) (9)
[0100] The cone coefficient K of the cylindrical lens can be:
[0101] K=-1 / N 2 (10)
[0102] in,
[0103] N 2 =t0 / (t0-R) (11)
[0104]
[0105] Wherein, t0 is the total thickness of the film layer in the display module.
[0106] For example, the total thickness of the film layer in the display module can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the thin film embossed adhesive layer 16, thereby adjusting the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens. For example, by increasing the thickness of the thin film embossed adhesive layer 16, the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is greater than the focal length of the cylindrical lens, and the dark area between viewpoints is reduced by moving the sub-pixel away from the focal point of the cylindrical lens.
[0107] Fig.17 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of light intensity distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application. Fig.18 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of light intensity distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig.19 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of light intensity distribution provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 17-Figure 19 , respectively set the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens to 1, 1.1 and 1.2 times the focal length of the cylindrical lens. As the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens gradually increases, the dark area between adjacent viewpoints gradually decreases.
[0108] The technical solution of this embodiment achieves defocusing by setting the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens to be greater than the focal length of the cylindrical lens, thereby further reducing the dark area between viewpoints, which is beneficial to improving the resolution of the display module and further improving the user experience.
[0109] The second aspect of the present application provides a display device, including: a display module as mentioned in any of the above embodiments. The display device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial effects of the display module mentioned in the above embodiments, and its technical principles and effects are similar, which will not be repeated here.
[0110] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the expected results of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.
[0111] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A display module, characterized in that: include: Display panel; A plurality of light splitting structures, located on the light emitting side of the display panel; The orthographic projection of the light-splitting structure on the display panel is a strip shape, and a plurality of the light-splitting structures are arranged sequentially along a first direction parallel to the display panel, and the light-splitting structure extends along a second direction parallel to the display panel, the first direction and the second direction intersect, and there is a preset angle between the second direction and a third direction parallel to the display panel, the first direction and the third direction are perpendicular, and the preset angle range is 75° to 90°.
2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, the orthographic projection of the light splitting structure on the display panel covers the plurality of sub-pixels, and among the plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different light splitting structures on the display panel, at least part of the light emitted by the sub-pixels having the same position relative to the respective corresponding light splitting structures converges at the same viewpoint after passing through the respective corresponding light splitting structures; Preferably, among the plurality of sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different light-splitting structures on the display panel, the sub-pixels having the same position relative to the corresponding light-splitting structures include a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a green sub-pixel; Preferably, the light splitting structure corresponds to an odd number of the viewpoints.
3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple sub-pixels include at least one first sub-pixel, at least one second sub-pixel and at least one third sub-pixel. Among the multiple sub-pixels located in the orthographic projection of the adjacent splitting structure on the display panel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel that are located at the same position relative to their respective corresponding splitting structures, and the first sub-pixel adjacent to the second sub-pixel or the third sub-pixel in the second direction constitute a pixel unit.
4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the first sub-pixels includes a plurality of the first sub-pixels, at least one of the second sub-pixels includes a plurality of the second sub-pixels, and at least one of the third sub-pixels includes a plurality of the third sub-pixels. In the second direction, the plurality of the first sub-pixels and the plurality of the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately, and the plurality of the first sub-pixels and the plurality of the third sub-pixels are arranged alternately; or, in the second direction, the plurality of the first sub-pixels are arranged continuously, and the plurality of the second sub-pixels and the plurality of the third sub-pixels are arranged alternately; Preferably, in the third direction, a plurality of the first sub-pixels are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of the second sub-pixels and a plurality of the third sub-pixels are arranged alternately, or, in the third direction, a plurality of the first sub-pixels and a plurality of the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately, and a plurality of the first sub-pixels and a plurality of the third sub-pixels are arranged alternately; Preferably, in the second direction, the distance between any two of the sub-pixels is equal, and in a fourth direction parallel to the display panel, the distance between any two of the sub-pixels is equal, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the second direction; Preferably, in the second direction, the plurality of sub-pixels are arranged into a plurality of pixel columns, and the orthographic projection of the light splitting structure on the display panel covers an odd number of the pixel columns.
5. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the first direction, a plurality of the second sub-pixels and a plurality of the third sub-pixels are arranged alternately, in the second direction, a plurality of the first sub-pixels and a plurality of the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately, a plurality of the first sub-pixels and a plurality of the third sub-pixels are arranged alternately, in the second direction, the distance between the first sub-pixel and its two adjacent second sub-pixels is not equal, and the distance between the first sub-pixel and its two adjacent third sub-pixels is not equal, in a fourth direction parallel to the display panel, the distance between the first sub-pixel and its two adjacent second sub-pixels is not equal, and the distance between the first sub-pixel and its two adjacent third sub-pixels is not equal, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
6. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset angle is arctan(k), where k is a positive integer from 1 to 5.
7. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light splitting structure includes a cylindrical lens, and the distance between the central axes of different cylindrical lenses is SD / (D+H), wherein S is the distance between the sub-pixels located in the orthographic projections of different cylindrical lenses on the display panel in the first direction, which are located at the same position relative to the corresponding light splitting structure, D is the distance between the cylindrical lens and the plane where the viewpoint is located, and H is the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens; Preferably, S satisfies the expression: Wherein, n is the number of viewpoints corresponding to the cylindrical lens, p is the distance between adjacent sub-pixels arranged along the third direction, and θ is the preset angle.
8. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light splitting structure comprises a cylindrical lens, and the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is greater than the focal length of the cylindrical lens; Preferably, the distance between the sub-pixel covered by the cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens is 1.1 to 1.2 times the focal length of the cylindrical lens.
9. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first sub-pixel is a green sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel is a blue sub-pixel.
10. A display device, characterized in that: include: The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.