Layout and wiring method of power distribution device

Abstract

The invention discloses a layout and wiring method of a power distribution device, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring actual current of a load, and determining a power distribution device; obtaining a power distribution device structure, and determining a power taking position; obtaining a power distribution device use environment, a wire use condition and a to-be-selected wire, and obtaining the actual maximum current-carrying capacity of the to-be-selected wire; obtaining the rated current of the power distribution device, setting the position of the power distribution device, and obtaining the layout of the power distribution device; setting a multi-stage wire, determining the specification of the multi-stage wire, and obtaining the wiring of the power distribution device. According to the invention, through layout and wiring, the number of wires at a power taking position is reduced, the wiring mode of all power distribution devices is optimized, the length and the number of connecting wires are greatly reduced, and the weight of cables in the power distribution device is reduced; the uniformity of wiring in the power distribution device is improved, and the wiring requirement of EWIS in the airplane power distribution device is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft power distribution, and in particular relates to a layout and wiring method of a power distribution device. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 4 As shown, the traditional wiring method of the distribution devices in the conventional distribution device is that each distribution device draws power from a bus bar, passes through the distribution device, and is led out to the external load through an external connector or terminal for distribution.

[0003] Since the internal wiring requirements of the power distribution device on the aircraft are high, it must meet the requirements of EWIS and has strict requirements on volume and weight; in addition, there are many distribution devices in the power distribution device, most of which are high-current distribution devices, and the selected wires are relatively thick; Figure 5 As shown, the traditional wiring method results in chaotic wiring, long cable routing, heavy wire weight, and easy damage to the distribution device terminals due to stress, poor reliability, and does not meet the EWIS requirements for aircraft wiring.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent with the announcement number CN111046488B discloses a three-dimensional wiring method for spacecraft cables, including the following steps: a. Laying out the main channel of the wiring system according to the shape and structure of the single-machine product on the spacecraft; b. Extracting the characteristic position of the main channel and creating a cable path; c. Based on an undirected graph, creating an optimal wiring path algorithm, obtaining the optimal path of the cable network path for wiring. According to this method, the shortest path cable wiring can be achieved, improving the design efficiency while saving the weight of the spacecraft cable. Aiming at the key links that affect the design quality and efficiency in the cable network wiring design process, a new three-dimensional wiring design method for manned spacecraft cable networks based on intelligent algorithms is formed. However, this patent fails to get rid of the traditional wiring method, and still requires the main channel as a bus bar. The wiring is based on an undirected graph, and the resulting wiring may still require the crossover of the wires, resulting in a messy cable; at the same time, the device layout cannot be adjusted, and the wire specifications cannot be set, and the weight of the wires cannot be further reduced.

[0005] For example, a Chinese patent with the announcement number CN106099657B discloses a cable assembly wiring method and tooling. The cable assembly wiring method includes the following steps: Step 1, pre-positioning the wire harness on the first wiring board, one end of the wire harness is a positioning end that can be detachably fixed relative to the first wiring board, and the other end is a wire-swinging end that is swung out from the first wiring board; Step 2, taking the positioning end of each wire harness on the first wiring board as the starting point, positioning the wire-swinging end of each wire harness on the second connection position of the second wiring board, and terminating and combing the end of each wire harness; Step 3, removing the cable assembly composed of each wire harness from between the first wiring board and the second wiring board. In this way, the cable assembly is positioned in a three-dimensional space, making it easy to calibrate the length of the wire harness, and the difficulty of combing the wire harness is correspondingly reduced, so this method has the advantages of saving time and effort in wiring operations. However, this patent requires dual wiring boards, which takes up a large amount of space, fails to reduce or lower the length of the cables, and has a high overall cable weight.

[0006] Therefore, in order to meet the wiring requirements of a large number of power distribution devices used in low-cost aircraft power distribution devices, a layout wiring method is needed that has the advantages of neat wiring, light overall cable weight, and high reliability to meet the wiring requirements of aircraft power distribution devices. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a layout and wiring method for a power distribution device.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0009] The present invention provides a layout and wiring method for a power distribution device, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Obtain the actual load current and determine the power distribution device according to the actual load current;

[0011] Obtain the structure of the power distribution device, and determine the power supply location according to the structure of the power distribution device;

[0012] Obtain the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the wire to be selected, and obtain the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wire to be selected based on the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the wire to be selected;

[0013] Obtain the rated current of the distribution device, set the position of the distribution device according to the power supply location and the rated current of the distribution device, and obtain the layout of the distribution device;

[0014] Multi-level conductors are set according to the location of the distribution device, the specifications of the multi-level conductors are determined according to the actual maximum current-carrying capacity of the conductors to be selected and the rated current of the distribution device, and the wiring of the distribution device is obtained. The multi-level conductors refer to the conductors connecting the power supply location and the distribution device.

[0015] Preferably, the method of obtaining the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the proposed wire according to the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the proposed wire comprises the following steps:

[0016] Obtain the maximum operating temperature of the wire according to the wire to be selected;

[0017] Obtain the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor based on the operating environment of the power distribution device and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor;

[0018] Obtain the altitude derating factor based on the operating environment of the power distribution device;

[0019] Obtain the harness derating factor based on the wire usage conditions;

[0020] The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor is calculated based on the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor, the altitude derating factor and the harness derating factor.

[0021] Preferably, the method of obtaining the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor according to the use environment of the power distribution device and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor comprises the following steps:

[0022] Obtain the ambient temperature according to the use environment of the power distribution device;

[0023] Get the maximum temperature rise based on the ambient temperature and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor;

[0024] Obtain the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor based on the maximum temperature rise.

[0025] Preferably, setting the position of the power distribution device according to the power supply position and the rated current of the power distribution device to obtain the layout of the power distribution device includes the following steps:

[0026] Set the location of the power distribution device;

[0027] Determine the power distribution device corresponding to the power taking position according to the power taking position and the position of the power distribution device;

[0028] The position of the distribution device is adjusted according to the distribution device corresponding to the power collection position and the rated current of the distribution device to obtain the layout of the distribution device.

[0029] Preferably, the step of determining the power distribution device corresponding to the power collection position according to the power collection position and the position of the power distribution device comprises the following steps:

[0030] According to the power supply location and the location of the power distribution device, the distance between the power distribution device and the power supply location is calculated, and the power distribution device selects the power supply location closest to it as the power supply location to be connected;

[0031] Determine the power distribution device corresponding to the power supply location according to the power supply location to be connected.

[0032] Preferably, adjusting the position of the distribution device according to the distribution device corresponding to the power taking position and the rated current of the distribution device specifically refers to: adjusting the position of the distribution device corresponding to the power taking position, starting from the power taking position end, the position of the distribution device is arranged from high to low according to the rated current of the distribution device.

[0033] Preferably, the multi-stage wires are arranged according to the positions of the power distribution devices, the specifications of the multi-stage wires are determined according to the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wires to be selected and the rated current of the power distribution devices, and the wiring of the power distribution devices is obtained, including the following steps:

[0034] Marking multi-level distribution devices according to the positions of the distribution devices, and setting multi-level wires according to the multi-level distribution devices;

[0035] Determine the specifications of the multi-level conductors according to the rated current of the multi-level distribution device and the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductors to be selected;

[0036] Get the wiring of the power distribution unit based on multi-level conductors.

[0037] Preferably, the step of determining the specifications of the multi-stage conductor according to the rated current of the multi-stage power distribution device comprises the following steps:

[0038] Calculate the total rated current of multi-stage power distribution devices;

[0039] From the proposed conductors, select the conductors whose actual maximum current carrying capacity is greater than the total rated current as multi-level conductors.

[0040] Preferably, obtaining the wiring of the power distribution device based on the multi-level wires specifically refers to: the first-level wires in the multi-level wires are connected to the power supply position and the wiring terminals of the first-level distribution device, and the latter-level wires in the multi-level wires are connected to the wiring terminals of the previous-level distribution device and the wiring terminals of the current distribution device.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] 1. The present invention reduces the number of wires at the power-taking location through layout and wiring, optimizes the wiring method of all power distribution devices, greatly reduces the length and number of connecting wires, and reduces the weight of cables in the power distribution device;

[0043] 2. Improve the neatness of the internal wiring of the power distribution device to meet the wiring requirements of the EWIS in the aircraft power distribution device;

[0044] 3. It reduces the probability of damage to the distribution device due to the long wiring inside the distribution device, the large number of distribution device terminals and the strong pulling force, and improves the reliability of the distribution device. The lightness, miniaturization and reliability are suitable for the distribution device in the aircraft distribution system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1is a flow chart of a method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 is a layout and wiring schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a physical diagram of the layout and wiring provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a wiring schematic diagram of the prior art;

[0049] Figure 5 It is a physical diagram of cable wiring in the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, a layout and wiring method of a power distribution device comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step S1: Obtain the actual load current and determine the power distribution device according to the actual load current;

[0053] In this embodiment, there are 10 loads in total. The power distribution devices are determined according to the actual current of the loads, and there are 10 power distribution devices accordingly.

[0054] Step S2: Obtain the structure of the power distribution device, and determine the power supply location according to the structure of the power distribution device;

[0055] For example, in this embodiment, there are 4 power supply locations.

[0056] Step S3: Obtain the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the wire to be selected, and obtain the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wire to be selected according to the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the wire to be selected;

[0057] The method of obtaining the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the proposed wire according to the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the proposed wire comprises the following steps:

[0058] Obtain the maximum operating temperature of the wire according to the wire to be selected;

[0059] Obtain the data sheet of the proposed conductor according to the proposed conductor, and query the data sheet of the proposed conductor to obtain the maximum operating temperature of the conductor.

[0060] In this embodiment, the maximum operating temperature is denoted as T max .

[0061] Obtain the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor based on the operating environment of the power distribution device and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor;

[0062] The method of obtaining the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor according to the use environment of the power distribution device and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor comprises the following steps:

[0063] Obtain the ambient temperature according to the use environment of the power distribution device;

[0064] In this embodiment, the ambient temperature is denoted as T.

[0065] Get the maximum temperature rise based on the ambient temperature and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor;

[0066] In this embodiment, the maximum temperature rise is denoted as ΔT, and the expression is ΔT = T max -T.

[0067] Obtain the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor based on the maximum temperature rise.

[0068] In this embodiment, according to the maximum temperature rise ΔT, the maximum current carrying capacity I is obtained by consulting the conductor manual. e .

[0069] Obtain the altitude derating factor based on the operating environment of the power distribution device;

[0070] In this embodiment, according to the altitude H in the use environment of the power distribution device, the altitude derating factor K is obtained by querying the conductor manual. h ;

[0071] Obtain the harness derating factor based on the wire usage conditions;

[0072] In this embodiment, according to the number of wires N and the harness load rate L in the wire usage condition, P , check the wire manual to obtain the harness derating factor K b .

[0073] The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor is calculated based on the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor, the altitude derating factor and the harness derating factor.

[0074] In this embodiment, the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor is recorded as I, and the expression is I = I e *K h *K b .

[0075] In this embodiment, the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wire obtained is shown in the following table:

[0076]

[0077] Step S4: obtaining the rated current of the power distribution device, setting the position of the power distribution device according to the power supply position and the rated current of the power distribution device, and obtaining the layout of the power distribution device;

[0078] The step of setting the position of the power distribution device according to the power taking position and the rated current of the power distribution device to obtain the layout of the power distribution device comprises the following steps:

[0079] Set the location of the power distribution device;

[0080] In this embodiment, the position of the power distribution device is set according to the structure of the power distribution device.

[0081] Determine the power distribution device corresponding to the power taking position according to the power taking position and the position of the power distribution device;

[0082] Determining the power distribution device corresponding to the power supply location according to the power supply location and the location of the power distribution device comprises the following steps:

[0083] According to the power supply location and the location of the power distribution device, the distance between the power distribution device and the power supply location is calculated, and the power distribution device selects the power supply location closest to it as the power supply location to be connected;

[0084] In this embodiment, distribution device 1 and distribution device 2 are close to power supply position 1, so power supply position 1 is used as the power supply position to be connected to distribution device 1 and distribution device 2, and the power supply positions to be connected to other distribution devices are obtained similarly.

[0085] Determine the power distribution device corresponding to the power supply location according to the power supply location to be connected.

[0086] In this embodiment, the distribution devices corresponding to power supply position 1 are distribution device 1 and distribution device 2, the distribution devices corresponding to power supply position 2 are distribution device 3 and distribution device 4, the distribution devices corresponding to power supply position 3 are distribution device 5, distribution device 6 and distribution device 7, and the distribution devices corresponding to power supply position 4 are distribution device 8, distribution device 9 and distribution device 10.

[0087] The position of the distribution device is adjusted according to the distribution device corresponding to the power collection position and the rated current of the distribution device to obtain the layout of the distribution device.

[0088] Adjusting the position of the distribution device according to the distribution device corresponding to the power taking position and the rated current of the distribution device specifically refers to: adjusting the position of the distribution device corresponding to the power taking position, starting from the power taking position end, the position of the distribution device is arranged from high to low according to the rated current of the distribution device.

[0089] In this embodiment, the rated current of the distribution device 1 is 7A, and the rated current of the distribution device 2 is 5A, so the distribution device 1 is close to the power supply position 1, and the distribution device 2 is close to the distribution device 1; similarly, the positions of the distribution devices are adjusted according to the rated currents of the other distribution devices, and the following is obtained: Figure 2 The layout of the distribution device is shown.

[0090] Step S5: Set up multi-stage wires according to the location of the distribution device, determine the specifications of the multi-stage wires according to the actual maximum current-carrying capacity of the wires to be selected and the rated current of the distribution device, and obtain the wiring of the distribution device. The multi-stage wires refer to the wires connecting the power supply location and the distribution device.

[0091] The method of arranging a multi-stage conductor according to the position of the power distribution device, determining the specifications of the multi-stage conductor according to the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor to be selected and the rated current of the power distribution device, and obtaining the wiring of the power distribution device includes the following steps:

[0092] Marking multi-level distribution devices according to the positions of the distribution devices, and setting multi-level wires according to the multi-level distribution devices;

[0093] In this embodiment, when obtaining the layout of the power distribution device, the marking of the power distribution device has been completed, and the wire is set as wire 1 according to the marking. 1 , l 2 , l 3 , l 4 , l 5 , l 6 , l 7 , l 8 , l 9 , l 10 .

[0094] The specifications of the multi-stage conductors are determined based on the rated current of the multi-stage distribution device and the actual maximum current-carrying capacity of the conductors to be selected.

[0095] Determining the specifications of the multi-level wire according to the rated current of the multi-level power distribution device comprises the following steps:

[0096] Calculate the total rated current of multi-stage power distribution devices;

[0097] From the proposed conductors, select the conductors whose actual maximum current carrying capacity is greater than the total rated current as multi-level conductors.

[0098] In this embodiment, the total rated current of the power distribution device 1 and the power distribution device 2 is 12V, so it can be obtained that the wire l 1 The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wire should be greater than 12V to ensure the stability of the power distribution device, that is, the wire l 1 Use wires with a wire specification of AWG = 20.

[0099] Similarly, the wire l 2 The only downstream device is the power distribution device 2, and the total rated current is 5V. 2 The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wire should be greater than 5V, and the wire specification should be AWG=22.

[0100] By analogy, the sum of the rated currents of all multi-stage power distribution devices is obtained, thereby obtaining the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wires and determining the wire specifications of all wires. 1 AWG = 20, l 2 AWG = 22, l 3 AWG = 14, l 4 AWG = 22, l 5 AWG = 18, l 6 AWG = 22, l 7 AWG = 22, l 8 AWG = 22, l 9 AWG = 22, l 10 AWG=22.

[0101] Get the wiring of the power distribution unit based on multi-level conductors.

[0102] The wiring of the distribution device obtained according to the multi-level wires specifically refers to: the first-level wires in the multi-level wires are connected to the power supply position and the wiring terminals of the first-level distribution device, and the latter-level wires in the multi-level wires are connected to the wiring terminals of the previous-level distribution device and the wiring terminals of the current distribution device.

[0103] As in this embodiment, the wire l 2 Connect to wire l 1 and the wiring terminal of the power distribution device 1, that is, the wire l 2 Connecting wire 1 , so that the power distribution device 2 is connected to the power supply position 1. At the same time, the connection and operation of the power distribution device 1 and the power supply position 1 will not be affected.

[0104] like Figure 3 As shown, compared with the traditional wiring method of directly connecting the power supply location to the distribution device, this wiring method only needs to connect the wiring terminals of the distribution device at a similar position, reducing the length and number of wire connections, thereby making the cables neater.

[0105] At the same time, it can be obtained from the above that at the same power supply location, the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor

[0106] For example, in this embodiment, the wire 1 at the power supply position 1 1 The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor should be The wire l at the power supply position 2 3 The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor should be The wire l at the power supply position 3 5 The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor should be

[0107] According to the actual situation of the power distribution device, ensure that the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor In such cases, the layout and wiring of the power distribution device can be adjusted. For example, if the size of the clamp at the cable fixing point is too large, you can choose a thicker wire to match the size of the wire and the clamp, so that the fixation is more stable and reliable; for example, in actual wiring, the shape of the power distribution device itself makes it difficult to run the wire and cannot be connected. The position of the power distribution device can be changed, or the power distribution device can be connected to other power supply locations.

[0108] The present invention reduces the number of wires at the power-taking position through layout and wiring, optimizes the wiring method of all distribution devices, greatly reduces the length and number of connecting wires, and reduces the weight of cables in the distribution device; improves the neatness of the wiring inside the distribution device to meet the wiring requirements of the EWIS in the aircraft distribution device; reduces the probability of device damage due to long wiring and large number of distribution device terminals causing large pulling force, improves the reliability of the distribution device, and is suitable for the distribution device in the aircraft distribution system due to its lightweight, miniaturized and reliable design.

Claims

1. A layout and wiring method for a power distribution device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the actual load current and determine the power distribution device according to the actual load current; Obtain the structure of the power distribution device, and determine the power supply location according to the structure of the power distribution device; Obtain the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the wire to be selected, and obtain the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the wire to be selected based on the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the wire to be selected; Obtain the rated current of the distribution device, set the position of the distribution device according to the power supply location and the rated current of the distribution device, and obtain the layout of the distribution device; Multi-level conductors are set according to the location of the distribution device, the specifications of the multi-level conductors are determined according to the actual maximum current-carrying capacity of the conductors to be selected and the rated current of the distribution device, and the wiring of the distribution device is obtained. The multi-level conductors refer to the conductors connecting the power supply location and the distribution device.

2. The layout and routing method according to claim 1, wherein: The method of obtaining the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the proposed wire according to the use environment of the power distribution device, the use condition of the wire and the proposed wire comprises the following steps: Obtain the maximum operating temperature of the wire according to the wire to be selected; Obtain the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor based on the operating environment of the power distribution device and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor; Obtain the altitude derating factor based on the operating environment of the power distribution device; Obtain the harness derating factor based on the wire usage conditions; The actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor is calculated based on the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor, the altitude derating factor and the harness derating factor.

3. The layout and routing method according to claim 2, wherein: The method of obtaining the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor according to the use environment of the power distribution device and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor comprises the following steps: Obtain the ambient temperature according to the use environment of the power distribution device; Get the maximum temperature rise based on the ambient temperature and the maximum operating temperature of the conductor; Obtain the theoretical maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor based on the maximum temperature rise.

4. The layout and routing method according to claim 1, wherein: The step of setting the position of the power distribution device according to the power taking position and the rated current of the power distribution device to obtain the layout of the power distribution device comprises the following steps: Set the location of the power distribution device; Determine the power distribution device corresponding to the power taking position according to the power taking position and the position of the power distribution device; The position of the distribution device is adjusted according to the distribution device corresponding to the power collection position and the rated current of the distribution device to obtain the layout of the distribution device.

5. The layout and routing method according to claim 4, wherein: Determining the power distribution device corresponding to the power supply location according to the power supply location and the location of the power distribution device comprises the following steps: According to the power supply location and the location of the power distribution device, the distance between the power distribution device and the power supply location is calculated, and the power distribution device selects the power supply location closest to it as the power supply location to be connected; Determine the power distribution device corresponding to the power supply location according to the power supply location to be connected.

6. The layout and routing method according to claim 4, wherein: Adjusting the position of the distribution device according to the distribution device corresponding to the power taking position and the rated current of the distribution device specifically refers to: adjusting the position of the distribution device corresponding to the power taking position, starting from the power taking position end, the position of the distribution device is arranged from high to low according to the rated current of the distribution device.

7. The layout and routing method according to claim 1, wherein: The method of arranging a multi-stage conductor according to the position of the power distribution device, determining the specifications of the multi-stage conductor according to the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductor to be selected and the rated current of the power distribution device, and obtaining the wiring of the power distribution device includes the following steps: Marking multi-level distribution devices according to the positions of the distribution devices, and setting multi-level wires according to the multi-level distribution devices; Determine the specifications of the multi-level conductors according to the rated current of the multi-level distribution device and the actual maximum current carrying capacity of the conductors to be selected; Get the wiring of the power distribution unit based on multi-level conductors.

8. The layout and routing method according to claim 7, wherein: Determining the specifications of the multi-level wire according to the rated current of the multi-level power distribution device comprises the following steps: Calculate the total rated current of multi-stage power distribution devices; From the proposed conductors, select the conductors whose actual maximum current carrying capacity is greater than the total rated current as multi-level conductors.

9. The layout and routing method according to claim 7, wherein: The wiring of the distribution device obtained according to the multi-level wires specifically refers to: the first-level wires in the multi-level wires are connected to the power supply position and the wiring terminals of the first-level distribution device, and the latter-level wires in the multi-level wires are connected to the wiring terminals of the previous-level distribution device and the wiring terminals of the current distribution device.

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