Mineral sorting device and mineral sorting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mineral sorting device and a mineral sorting method.The mineral sorting device comprises a mineral particle concentration unit and a foam quenching element, a concentration cavity is formed in the mineral particle concentration unit, and a feeding port communicated with the concentration cavity is formed in the side wall of the mineral particle concentration unit; and the foam quenching element is arranged at the feeding hole. Due to the fact that the foam quenching element is arranged at the feeding port of the mineral particle concentration unit, foam in mineralized rough flotation foam products entering the concentration cavity of the mineral particle concentration unit can be quenched, the stirring and dispersing effect in the concentration operation process is improved, and finally the separation efficiency of concentration is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, and in particular to a mineral separation device and a mineral separation method. Background Art

[0002] Oxide ores and non-metallic ores, as the main minerals containing some key metals or non-metallic elements, have long been one of the focuses of mineral separation research. Although many separation methods and technologies for oxide minerals such as gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation, and electrostatic separation have been reported, flotation recovery of target minerals from oxide minerals is still the dominant process for enriching valuable metal minerals from oxide minerals.

[0003] However, the flotation separation process of oxidized ores and non-metallic ores often has the following deficiencies:

[0004] Since oxidized minerals and non-metallic minerals are highly hydrophilic, collectors with high capture and foaming properties are required. This results in high viscosity of the foam in the mineralized rough flotation foam product. During the selection process, problems such as poor stirring and dispersion or poor quenching are prone to occur, which in turn leads to a relatively low selection rate.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, it is necessary to design a new mineral separation device and mineral separation method. Summary of the invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing mineral sorting device uses a collector with high capture and high foaming properties, which is prone to poor stirring and dispersion effect or poor quenching effect during the selection operation, thereby providing a mineral sorting device and a mineral sorting method.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A mineral sorting device comprises a mineral particle concentration unit and a foam quenching element. The mineral particle concentration unit has a concentration chamber, a side wall of the mineral particle concentration unit is provided with a feed port connected to the concentration chamber, and the foam quenching element is arranged at the feed port.

[0009] Furthermore, the foam quenching element is a mesh member.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a mineralized foam pressure feeding unit connected to the mineral particle concentration unit through a pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the mineral particle concentration unit comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode disposed in the concentration chamber, and in the height direction of the concentration chamber, the position of the negative electrode is lower than the position of the positive electrode.

[0012] Furthermore, the foam quenching element is the positive electrode.

[0013] Furthermore, an overflow groove is provided on the top of the mineral particle concentration unit, and the overflow groove is connected to the concentration chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a mineralization capture and separation unit and a selective remineralization capture unit. The mineralization capture and separation unit is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the mineral particle concentration unit through a guide pipe, and the selective remineralization capture unit is connected to the guide pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the selective remineralization collection unit comprises an air bubble supply device and a collector replenishing device, and the air bubble supply device and the collector replenishing device are connected to the guide pipe through an air bubble pipeline and a collector pipeline respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, a separation chamber is formed in the mineralization capture and separation unit, and an agitator is installed in the separation chamber.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The mineral separation device provided by the present invention has a foam quenching element at the feed inlet of the mineral particle concentration unit, so that the foam in the mineralized coarse flotation foam product entering the concentration chamber of the mineral particle concentration unit can be quenched, thereby improving the stirring and dispersion effect during the concentration operation, and ultimately improving the separation efficiency of the concentration.

[0019] 2. The mineral separation device provided by the present invention also includes a mineralized foam pressure feeding unit connected to the mineral particle concentration unit through a pipeline, so that the mineralized rough flotation foam product can collide with the foam quenching element at a higher speed, further improving the foam quenching effect.

[0020] 3. In the mineral sorting device provided by the present invention, the mineral particle concentration unit includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged in a concentration chamber. In the height direction of the concentration chamber, the position of the negative electrode is lower than that of the positive electrode. In this way, the mineral particles separated from the foam can move downward and deposit at the bottom of the concentration chamber to form a concentrated slurry under the action of the electric field force between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. At the same time, the action of the electric field force on the mineral particles can further promote the separation of the mineral particles from the foam and enhance the quenching effect of the foam.

[0021] 4. The mineral separation device provided by the present invention also includes a mineralization capture and separation unit and a selective remineralization capture unit. The mineralization capture and separation unit is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the mineral particle concentration unit through a guide pipe, and the selective remineralization capture unit is connected to the guide pipe. In this way, the minerals in the concentrated slurry can be initially mineralized and captured in the guide pipe, and then mineralized and captured again in the mineralization capture and separation unit, thereby improving the mineralization capture efficiency.

[0022] 5. The mineral separation device provided by the present invention has a separation chamber formed in the mineralization capture and separation unit, and a stirrer is installed in the separation chamber. The setting of the stirrer can make the mineral particles, bubbles and collectors more fully mixed, so as to more fully mineralize and capture the target mineral particles.

[0023] A mineral separation method, based on the above-mentioned mineral separation device, comprises the following steps:

[0024] Quench the foam in the crude flotation mineralization foam product.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The mineral separation method provided by the present invention has all the advantages of the aforementioned mineral separation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief description of the drawings required for the specific implementation or the prior art description.

[0028] It is obvious that the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mineral separation device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Delivery pump; 2. Mineral particle concentration unit; 20. Feed inlet; 21. Concentration chamber; 22. Negative electrode; 23. Overflow tank; 3. Foam quenching element; 4. Flow guide tube; 41. Slurry control valve; 5. Selective remineralization collection unit; 51. Bubble supply device; 511. Gas control valve; 52. Collector supply device; 521. Collector control valve; 6. Mineralization collection and separation unit; 61. Separation chamber; 62. Agitator; 63. Discharge valve; 64. Target mineral foam product collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a mineral sorting device, including a mineral particle concentration unit 2 and a foam quenching element 3. The mineral particle concentration unit 2 has a concentration chamber 21. The side wall of the mineral particle concentration unit 2 is provided with a feed port 20 connected to the concentration chamber 21. The foam quenching element 3 is arranged at the feed port 20.

[0038] In the mineral sorting device provided by the present invention, since a foam quenching element 3 is provided at the feed port 20 corresponding to the mineral particle concentration unit 2, the foam in the mineralized rough flotation foam product entering the concentration chamber 21 of the mineral particle concentration unit 2 can be quenched, thereby improving the stirring and dispersion effect during the concentration operation, and ultimately improving the separation efficiency of the concentration.

[0039] Further, the foam quenching element 3 is a mesh, preferably, the foam quenching element 3 is a fine screen, and the fine screen is fixed on the side wall of the concentration chamber 21 in the mineral particle concentration unit 2. Preferably, the fine screen is arranged in the concentration chamber 21, and of course, the fine screen can also be arranged in the feed port 20.

[0040] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom of the concentrating chamber 21 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0041] Furthermore, it also includes a mineralized foam pressurized feeding unit connected to the mineral particle concentration unit 2 through a pipeline. Specifically, the mineralized foam pressurized feeding unit includes a delivery pump 1, one end of which is connected to the mineralized rough flotation foam product, and the other end is connected to the feed port 20 of the mineral particle concentration unit 2. After the mineralized rough flotation foam product is pressurized by the delivery pump 1, it reaches the fine screen at the feed port 20, and the foam in the mineralized rough flotation foam product impacts the fine screen and is quickly cut by the fine screen, achieving a certain degree of foam quenching effect, and because the mineralized rough flotation foam product is conveyed under pressure, the collision effect between the foam in the mineralized rough flotation foam product and the fine screen can be enhanced, thereby improving the foam quenching effect.

[0042] Preferably, on the basis of providing a fine screen and the fine screen being located in the concentration chamber 21, the mineral particle concentration unit 2 further includes a negative electrode 22 disposed in the concentration chamber 21, and the fine screen is used as a positive electrode paired with the negative electrode 22. In addition, in the height direction of the concentration chamber 21, the position of the negative electrode 22 is lower than the position of the positive electrode. An overflow groove 23 is provided at the top of the mineral particle concentration unit 2, and the overflow groove 23 is connected to the concentration chamber 21. As mentioned above, the foam in the mineralized rough flotation foam product will be cut and quenched by the fine screen. At the same time, after the circuit formed by the positive electrode, the negative electrode 22 and the power supply is energized, an electric field force will be formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode 22, and the mineral particles will move downward under the action of the electric field force. During the downward movement of the mineral particles, a certain tearing effect will be produced on the foam, thereby enhancing the quenching effect of the foam. In addition, the positive electrode can produce an opposite positive potential disturbance on the collector (the collector is an anionic collector), which can also promote the quenching of the foam, thereby achieving rapid and efficient separation of mineral particles, solutions and bubbles in the mineralized rough flotation foam product. That is, the mineral particles in the mineralized rough flotation foam product can move downward in a directional manner under the dual action of the electric field force and its own gravity, tend to be deposited at the bottom of the concentration chamber 21 to obtain a concentrated slurry, and the rest of the mineralized rough flotation foam product is discharged from the overflow tank 23 at the top.

[0043] Furthermore, it also includes a mineralization capture and separation unit 6 and a selective remineralization capture unit 5, wherein the mineralization capture and separation unit 6 is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the mineral particle concentration unit 2 through the guide pipe 4, so that the concentrated slurry in the mineral particle concentration unit 2 is transported to the mineralization capture and separation unit 6 along the guide pipe 4, wherein the guide pipe 4 is provided with a slurry control valve 41 for controlling the on-off of the guide pipe 4. The selective remineralization capture unit 5 is connected to the guide pipe 4.

[0044] In this embodiment, the selective remineralization collection unit 5 includes a bubble supply device 51 and a collector supply device 52. The bubble supply device 51 and the collector supply device 52 are connected to the guide pipe 4 through a bubble pipeline and a collector pipeline respectively. A gas control valve 511 is installed on the bubble pipeline, and a collector control valve 521 is installed on the collector pipeline. During the flow of the concentrated slurry, the gas control valve 511 on the bubble pipeline is opened, and the pressurized tiny bubbles prepared by the bubble supply device 51 enter the guide tube 4 along the bubble pipeline. The collector control valve 521 on the collector pipeline is also opened, and the collector in the collector replenishing device 52 (the collector device is filled with diluted collector) enters the guide tube 4 along the collector pipeline, so that the mineral particles in the concentrated slurry are quickly mixed with the bubbles and the collector in the guide tube 4, and the mineral particles are selectively mineralized and captured for the second time. Preferably, the gas outlet direction of the bubble supply device 51 and / or the liquid outlet direction of the collector replenishing device 52 are perpendicular to the side wall of the separation chamber 61, and enter the separation chamber 61 described below in a jet manner.

[0045] In this embodiment, a separation chamber 61 is formed in the mineralization capture and separation unit 6, and an agitator 62 is installed in the separation chamber 61. A target ore outlet is opened at the top of the mineralization capture and separation unit 6, and a tailings outlet is opened at the bottom. Specifically, the mineral particles, bubbles and collectors entering the separation chamber 61 of the mineralization capture and separation unit 6 are fully mixed under the stirring of the agitator 62, and the target mineral particles are fully secondary mineralized and captured to form a three-phase mineralized foam product of the target mineral, the collector and the bubbles. Under the action of the agitator 62, the three-phase mineralized foam product floats up due to the buoyancy, and forms a target mineral foam product in the upper layer. The target mineral foam product enters the target mineral foam product collector 64 and can be discharged from the target ore outlet, while non-target minerals are affected by gravity and remain at the bottom of the separation chamber 61 and are discharged from the tailings outlet, thereby achieving the selective separation of target minerals and non-target minerals. In addition, a discharge valve 63 for maintenance is provided at the bottom of the mineralized capture and separation unit 6 , and the discharge valve 63 can also be used to adjust the balance of the overall liquid level in the mineralized capture and separation unit 6 .

[0046] The mineral separation device provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0047] 1. The mineral separation device provided by the present invention can realize foam quenching, mineral particle concentration, secondary mineralization capture and re-separation, which is beneficial to the short-process selection of minerals, and is beneficial to improving the selection selectivity and selection efficiency of mineral selection operations, and improving the selection quality of target minerals.

[0048] 2. The mineral separation device provided by the present invention uses mechanical force, electric field force, and gravity composite force field to quench foam and concentrate mineral particles. It is easy to operate and control, has high selection accuracy, high efficiency, and strong ore adaptability.

[0049] 3. The mineral separation device provided by the present invention improves the universality of the flotation reagent system of oxide ores and non-metallic ores, can adapt to the application of strong collecting reagents, and can effectively reduce reagent consumption and improve the metal recovery rate of oxide ores, which is conducive to reducing production and processing costs.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment provides a mineral separation method based on the mineral separation device (such as Figure 1 As shown), comprising the following steps:

[0052] The foam in the rough flotation mineralized foam product is quenched, and the mineral particles in the flotation mineralized foam product are deposited to obtain a concentrated slurry; specifically, the rough mineralized foam product is pressure-delivered to the fine screen by means of the delivery pump 1, and the foam in the rough mineralized flotation foam product is cut and quenched by the fine screen. At the same time, the electric field force between the energized positive electrode and the negative electrode can drive the mineral particles to move downward, and the movement of the mineral particles can promote the quenching of the foam. After the mineral particles are separated from the foam, they will be deposited at the bottom of the concentration chamber 21 under the dual action of the electric field force and their own gravity to obtain a concentrated slurry. During the concentration process, the concentration of the concentrated slurry can be controlled by the opening of the slurry control valve 41. Preferably, after concentration, the mass concentration of the mineral particles can be increased from 10% to 15% in the rough mineralized flotation foam product to 20% to 30% in the concentrated slurry;

[0053] Selectively remineralize and capture the mineral particles in the concentrated slurry; specifically, open the collector control valve 521, a small amount of collector enters the guide tube 4 along the collector pipeline, open the gas control valve 511, and the pressurized micro-bubbles prepared by the bubble supply device 51 enter the guide tube 4 along the bubble pipeline, so that the mineral particles in the concentrated slurry are quickly mixed with the bubbles and the collector in the guide tube 4, and the mineral particles are selectively mineralized and captured for the second time. Preferably, the micro-bubbles and the collector are both perpendicular to the side wall of the separation chamber 61 and fed from the bottom of the guide tube 4 in a jet manner. Since the pressurized micro-bubbles and the collector enter the separation chamber 61 perpendicular to the side wall of the separation chamber 61 in a pressurized manner, the movement speed of the mineral particles into the separation chamber 61 of the mineralization capture and separation unit 6 can be increased;

[0054] The mixture of mineral particles, collectors and bubbles is sucked into the separation chamber 61 under the stirring action of the agitator 62 in the mineralization, capture and separation unit 6, and the mineral particles, collectors and bubbles are fully mixed. The target mineral particles are fully secondary mineralized and captured to form a three-phase mineral foam product of target mineral, collector and bubbles. Under the action of the agitator 62, the three-phase mineral foam product floats up due to the buoyancy and forms the target mineral foam product in the upper layer. The target mineral foam product is discharged from the target mineral outlet, while the non-target minerals are affected by gravity and remain at the bottom of the separation chamber 61 and are discharged from the tailings outlet, thereby realizing the selective separation of the target mineral and the non-target mineral.

[0055] The following is a detailed introduction to the sorting of a low-grade fluorite mine in Xinjiang. The main valuable mineral in a low-grade fluorite mine in Xinjiang is fluorite, which accounts for about 31%. The main gangue mineral is quartz, and other gangue minerals include kaolinite, hematite, feldspar, apatite, etc. The fluorite and quartz in the fluorite mine are in a complex interweaving relationship, and there is a relationship of mutual inclusion between extremely fine-grained quartz and fluorite. During rough selection, the fluorite ore will be ground to 0.038mm below the sieve, accounting for 90%, which belongs to the flotation of fine-grained fluorite ore. If conventional mineral sorting equipment (such as mechanical stirring flotation machine, aerated stirring flotation machine) is used, and the collector is highly selective oleic acid, only a fluorite concentrate product with a fluorite content of 90% can be obtained after 5 rounds of selection, which cannot meet the requirements of industrial hydrofluoric acid grade fluorite, thus affecting its economic value.

[0056] By using the mineral separation device provided by the present invention, a fluorite concentrate product with a fluorite (CaF2) content greater than 97% can be obtained after one beneficiation operation, and the beneficiation operation recovery rate (the recovery rate refers to the metal recovery rate of the beneficiation and separation operation) reaches 93%, which is 10 percentage points higher than the existing technology.

[0057] The specific sorting method includes the following steps:

[0058] The mineralized coarse flotation foam product is pumped to the fine screen at a pressure of 0.2 MPa by the delivery pump 1, and the foam is mechanically cut by the fine screen, and at the same time, a positive potential disturbance opposite to the fluorite collector (in this embodiment, the collector is oleic acid, which is an anionic collector) is introduced to achieve rapid and efficient separation of mineral particles, solution, and bubbles;

[0059] Power is supplied to the positive electrode and the negative electrode 22 to form an electric field force between the positive electrode and the negative electrode 22. Under the dual effects of the electric field force and the gravity of the mineral particles themselves, the mineral particles separated from the foam move downward in a directional manner and tend to settle to the bottom of the concentration chamber 21. Based on the effect of the electric field force, the sedimentation and concentration of the mineral particles are accelerated, and the mass concentration of the mineral particles is increased from 15% in the mineralized rough flotation foam product to 30% in the concentrated slurry.

[0060] 120 g / t of oleic acid in the collector supply device 52 is transported into the guide pipe 4 along the collector pipeline, and the pressurized micro-bubbles prepared by the bubble supply device 51 are sent into the guide pipe 4 at a pressure of 0.4 MPa. The mineral particles, oleic acid and micro-bubbles are quickly secondary mineralized and collected in the guide pipe 4, and then enter the separation chamber 61;

[0061] After entering the separation chamber 61, the target mineral will continue to be captured to form a three-phase foam product of fluorite-oleic acid-bubbles. Under the stirring and flotation action of the stirrer 62, the three-phase foam product floats up due to the buoyancy and forms a fluorite concentrate foam product on the upper layer. The fluorite concentrate foam product is discharged from the target ore outlet, and the selected fluorite foam product is collected. The quartz gangue minerals are discharged from the tailings outlet under the action of their own gravity to obtain the selected tailings product. The fluorite content of the fluorite concentrate foam product is higher than 97%.

[0062] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A mineral separation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mineral particle concentration unit (2) and a foam quenching element (3); the mineral particle concentration unit (2) has a concentration chamber (21) therein; a feed port (20) connected to the concentration chamber (21) is provided on the side wall of the mineral particle concentration unit (2); and the foam quenching element (3) is arranged at the feed port (20).

2. The mineral separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam quenching element (3) is a mesh-shaped member.

3. The mineral separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a mineralized foam pressure feeding unit connected to the mineral particle concentration unit (2) via a pipeline.

4. The mineral separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral particle concentration unit (2) comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode (22) which are arranged in the concentration chamber (21); in the height direction of the concentration chamber (21), the position of the negative electrode (22) is lower than the position of the positive electrode.

5. The mineral separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The foam quenching element (3) is the positive electrode.

6. The mineral separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An overflow groove (23) is provided on the top of the mineral particle concentration unit (2), and the overflow groove (23) is connected to the concentration chamber (21).

7. The mineral separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a mineralization capture and separation unit (6) and a selective remineralization capture unit (5), wherein the mineralization capture and separation unit (6) is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the mineral particle concentration unit (2) via a flow guide pipe (4), and the selective remineralization capture unit (5) is connected to the flow guide pipe (4).

8. The mineral separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The selective remineralization collection unit (5) comprises a bubble supply device (51) and a collector supply device (52), and the bubble supply device (51) and the collector supply device (52) are connected to the guide pipe (4) via a bubble pipeline and a collector pipeline, respectively.

9. The mineral separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A separation chamber (61) is formed in the mineralization capture and separation unit (6), and an agitator (62) is installed in the separation chamber (61).

10. A mineral separation method, based on the mineral separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Quench the foam in the crude flotation mineralization foam product.

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