Supporting clamp for controlling surplus height of butt welding seam in guide pipe and welding method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a supporting clamp for controlling the surplus height of a butt weld in a guide pipe and a welding method.In the supporting clamp, a fork-shaped screw is placed in a center shaft hole of a mandrel, the mandrel is embedded in a step shaft hole of a positioning sleeve through a step shaft structure, and the screw is positioned and installed in the center shaft hole of the mandrel through a positioning seat; the screw rod extends into the inner end of the core shaft and is screwed and fixed with one end of the fork-shaped screw rod; each taper sleeve and expansion block assembly comprises a taper sleeve and an expansion block which are arranged to be of a circumferential split structure. The mandrel is sleeved with the expansion block through a taper sleeve, the expansion block is provided with an outer conical surface, and the expansion block is sleeved with the taper sleeve and provided with an inner conical surface which is in compensation with the structure of the outer conical surface of the taper sleeve; a mounting hole is formed in the fork-shaped part of at least one end of the fork-shaped screw, a connecting pin perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel in the radial direction is mounted through the mounting hole, and the connecting pin is fixedly connected to the end face of the taper sleeve through a nut; a guide pipe to be welded is integrally arranged outside the expansion block in a sleeving manner and is arranged outside one end of the positioning sleeve 2 in a sleeving manner through an annular groove of a guide pipe joint end flange; the forked screw is driven to move in the axial direction by screwing the screw, and the taper sleeve is driven to move in the axial direction through the connecting pin, so that the expansion block is shrunk or expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of catheter welding technology, but is not limited to it, and in particular to a supporting fixture and a welding method for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a catheter. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft ducts play a key role in aircraft structure, responsible for transporting hydraulic oil, fuel, air, etc., and are essential for the normal operation of the aircraft. Aircraft ducts are not only numerous, but also require precise layout and connection to ensure the effective operation of the ducts in the aircraft system. In aircraft manufacturing, welded ducts account for a certain proportion, especially in aircraft duct parts with special product structures.

[0003] For welded conduits, weld reinforcement refers to the height of the metal protruding from the line connecting the two weld toes on the weld surface. Weld reinforcement refers to the deposited metal that bulges out from the surface of the parent material or the part above the connecting line at the end of the fillet weld. The existence of weld reinforcement destroys the continuity of the geometric shape of the weld surface, and will produce additional bending moment due to the sudden change in shape, resulting in higher local stress. These crack sources caused by weld defects will accelerate the expansion under the action of local stress until they break.

[0004] How to control the weld reinforcement height of the conduit welding seam has become an important problem affecting the weld quality in the welded conduit. For the circumferential welds and local ear piece welding of small-diameter conduits, many mechanisms supporting the inner wall of the conduit cannot be used due to spatial structure limitations, resulting in the problem of difficult to control the weld reinforcement height of aircraft welded conduits. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the present invention: In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide a support fixture and a welding method for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit, so as to solve the problem that the weld excess height of an aircraft welded conduit is difficult to control due to the limitation of the spatial structure when welding the circumferential weld and local ear piece of a small diameter conduit, and many mechanisms supporting the inner wall of the conduit cannot be used.

[0006] Technical solution of the present invention: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a catheter, comprising: a mandrel 1, a positioning sleeve 2, a positioning seat 3, a locking seat 4, a screw 5, a locking nut 6, a fork-shaped screw 16, a connecting pin 10, and at least one set of a cone sleeve and a swelling block assembly;

[0007] Among them, a stepped hole is opened on the axis of the positioning sleeve 2, and the core shaft 1 has a central axis hole along its axis as a whole, and a fork-shaped screw 16 is placed in the central axis hole; the central axis hole at one end of the core shaft 1 is set as a stepped axis hole, and the outer side of the stepped axis hole at this end is set as a stepped axis structure, and the core shaft 1 is nested in the stepped axis hole of the positioning sleeve 2 through its stepped axis structure to limit the axial movement of the core shaft 1 through the positioning sleeve 2; the screw 5 with a flange in the middle passes through the middle through hole of the positioning seat 3 and is positioned and installed on the outer end face of the positioning seat 3 through its flange, so that the screw 5 is positioned and installed in the central axis hole of the core shaft 1 through the positioning seat 3 to limit the axial position of the positioning seat 3 and the screw 5 through the stepped hole of the core shaft 1, and the screw 5 extends into the inner end of the core shaft 1 and is screwed and fixed with the fork-shaped part at one end of the fork-shaped screw 16; the locking seat 4 is sleeved on the screw 5 and abuts against the outer end face of its flange, and the screw 5 is pressed against the positioning seat 3 by a locking nut 6 screwed on the outer end of the screw 5;

[0008] Each set of the cone sleeve and expansion block assembly includes: a cone sleeve and an expansion block that are arranged as a circumferential split structure; the cone sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 1 and has an outer cone surface, and the expansion block is sleeved on the outside of the cone sleeve and has an inner cone surface that compensates for the structure of the outer cone surface of the cone sleeve; a mounting hole is opened on the fork portion of at least one end of the fork-shaped screw 16 for mounting a connecting pin 10 that is radially perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft 1, and the connecting pin 10 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the cone sleeve through a nut;

[0009] The conduit to be welded is integrally sleeved on the outside of the expansion block, and is sleeved on the outside of one end of the positioning sleeve 2 through the annular groove of the end flange of its conduit joint 12 to limit the axial position of the conduit; the fork-shaped screw 16 is driven to move axially along the core shaft 1 by rotating the screw 5, and the conical sleeve is driven to move axially along the core shaft 1 through the connecting pin 10, thereby realizing the contraction or expansion of the expansion block.

[0010] Optionally, the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the catheter as described above specifically includes two groups of cone sleeves and expansion block assemblies, which respectively include: a first cone sleeve 17 and a first expansion block 7, and a second cone sleeve 14 and a second expansion block 15; the first cone sleeve 17 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 1 and has an outer cone surface, the first expansion block 7 is sleeved on the outside of the first cone sleeve 17 and has an inner cone surface that compensates with the structure of the outer cone surface of the first cone sleeve 17; the second cone sleeve 14 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 1 and has an outer cone surface, the second expansion block 15 is sleeved on the outside of the second cone sleeve 14 and has an inner cone surface that compensates with the structure of the outer cone surface of the second cone sleeve 14;

[0011] The fork-shaped parts at both ends of the fork-shaped screw 16 are respectively provided with mounting holes for mounting connecting pins 10 radially perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft 1 through the two mounting holes. The two connecting pins 10 are respectively connected to the end surfaces of the first tapered sleeve 17 and the second tapered sleeve 14 through nuts.

[0012] The fork-shaped screw 16 moves axially along the core shaft 1, and drives the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 to move axially through the two connecting pins 10, so that the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 move axially, thereby realizing the contraction or expansion of the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15.

[0013] Optionally, the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit as described above further includes: a hexagonal thin nut 18 and a limit plate 19 disposed between the two sets of cone sleeves and the expansion block assembly;

[0014] The outer periphery of the middle part of the shaft body of the mandrel 1 is provided with an external thread, and an annular boss is formed by screwing a hexagonal thin nut 18 on the shaft body of the mandrel 1. The limiting plate 19 is positioned and installed on the end face of one side of the first expansion block 7 close to the second cone sleeve 14 through the nut, and the axial position of the limiting plate 19 and the first expansion block 7 is limited by the hexagonal thin nut 18;

[0015] Both ends of the shaft body of the core shaft 1 are respectively provided with waist-shaped holes along the axial direction, and the connecting pins 10 at both ends of the fork-shaped screw rod 16 are used to pass through the waist-shaped holes at corresponding positions.

[0016] Optionally, in the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit as described above,

[0017] In each set of the cone sleeve and expansion block assembly, one set of cone sleeves includes at least two ring-segment cone sleeves arranged in segments along the circumferential direction, which are spliced ​​circumferentially along the core shaft 1 to form a cone structure, and one set of expansion blocks includes at least two ring-segment expansion blocks arranged in segments along the circumferential direction, which are spliced ​​circumferentially to form a conical wedge-shaped hole inside the cone sleeve for cooperating with the cone structure of the cone sleeve.

[0018] Optionally, in the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit as described above,

[0019] In each group of the cone sleeve and expansion block assembly, the multiple ring segment expansion blocks used to form a set of expansion blocks are circumferentially provided with at least one annular groove, and a tightening mechanism is placed in the annular groove, so that when the fork screw 16 moves toward the side used to shrink the expansion block, the multiple ring segment expansion blocks are tightened radially through the tightening mechanism, so as to facilitate the removal of the support clamp from the completed welded catheter.

[0020] Optionally, in the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit as described above, the tightening mechanism comprises: a tension spring 8, or a tension spring 8 and a tension spring rod 9;

[0021] In each annular groove of the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks, a tension spring 8 is installed around the circumference, for applying radial pressure to the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks around the circumference; or,

[0022] A plurality of tension spring rods 9 parallel to the axial direction are pressed into the outer cylindrical surface of the ring segment expansion block along the circumference of each annular groove, and a tension spring 8 is hung between adjacent tension spring rods 9 to apply radial pressure to the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks surrounding one circle.

[0023] Optionally, in the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit as described above,

[0024] In each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assembly, a plurality of ventilation nozzles 11a parallel to the axial direction are provided on the end surface of each cone sleeve along the circumferential direction, and a guide hole for connecting the ventilation nozzle 11a to the welding position is provided on the inner cone surface of each expansion block;

[0025] The column of the positioning sleeve 2 located outside the step hole is configured as a multi-stage annular boss structure, which is used to connect with the three-jaw chuck for welding work. The outer surface of the column at the other end of the positioning sleeve 2 is provided with a ventilation interface 11b and two symmetrically arranged mounting rings 11c; the ventilation interface 11b is used to connect the ventilation nozzle 11a, the ventilation interface 11b and the cavity between the guide hole after the conduit is sleeved on the support fixture, and to transport the protective gas to between each expansion block and the conduit, thereby performing gas protection during welding; the symmetrically arranged mounting rings 11c are used to lift and transport the support fixture and the conduit.

[0026] Optionally, in the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit as described above,

[0027] The fork-shaped screw 16 includes a small-diameter rod in the middle and large-diameter cylindrical rods fixedly connected to the two ends of the small-diameter rod in the middle. A threaded hole is opened on the end surface of the large-diameter cylindrical rod at one end for threading with the external thread at the inner end of the screw 5. The fork-shaped screw 16 can be moved axially by rotating the screw 5.

[0028] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a welding method for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a duct, wherein the aircraft duct is supported by a supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a duct as described in any one of the above items, so as to cooperate with the implementation of a welding operation; wherein the two sets of cone sleeves and expansion block assemblies in the supporting fixture respectively include: a first cone sleeve 17 and a first expansion block 7 used in conjunction with each other, and a second cone sleeve 14 and a second expansion block 15 used in conjunction with each other; the welding method includes:

[0029] Step 1, the screw rod 5 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to drive the fork-shaped screw rod 16 to move axially toward one end of the screw rod 5, thereby driving the connecting pin 10 to move toward the same end, and driving the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 to move toward the same end, so that the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 are contracted at the same time;

[0030] Step 2, insert the core shaft 1 of the supporting fixture into the catheter as a whole, and sleeve the catheter joint 12 at one end of the catheter on the end of the positioning sleeve 2 to fix the relative position of the catheter and the core shaft 1, and place the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 at the position to be supported and welded in the catheter;

[0031] Step 3, rotate the screw 5 counterclockwise or clockwise to drive the fork-shaped screw 16 to move axially toward one end away from the screw 5, drive the connecting pin 10 to move toward the same end, and drive the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 to move toward the same end, so that the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 expand at the same time, and support the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 on the inner wall of the catheter 12 at the position to be welded;

[0032] Step 4, the supporting fixture and the catheter assembled therethrough are mounted as an integral structure on the three-jaw chuck of the turntable of the welding equipment through the positioning sleeve 2. After clamping, a welding robot is used to perform welding operations on the part to be welded;

[0033] Step 5, after the welding operation is completed, remove the support fixture and the catheter together, rotate the screw 5 of the support fixture clockwise or counterclockwise to shrink the expansion block in the support fixture, and then remove the entire support fixture from the catheter.

[0034] Optionally, in the welding method for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit as described above,

[0035] In step 4, the circumferential welding position of the conduit or the local ear piece of the conduit supported and fixedly mounted on the welding equipment by a supporting fixture is welded, and protective gas is introduced through the ventilation joint 11b and the ventilation nozzle 11a during the welding process to perform gas protection during the welding operation.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention: for the circumferential weld welding and local ear piece welding of small-diameter ducts in aircraft structures, an embodiment of the present invention provides a support fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the duct, which adopts a core shaft 1 with a central axis hole and a fork-shaped screw 16 arranged inside the core shaft 1, and a connecting pin 10 connected to the fork-shaped screw 16 extends radially out of the core shaft 1 and is fixedly connected to a tapered sleeve sleeved outside the core shaft 1, and an expansion block is installed on the outside of the tapered sleeve; the fork-shaped screw 16 is driven to move axially along the core shaft 1 by the rotation of the screw 5 screwed to the fork-shaped screw 16, thereby driving the axial movement of the tapered sleeve to achieve the contraction or expansion of the expansion block; using the support fixture used in the embodiment of the present invention, the duct can be sleeved in the state of the expansion block being contracted, and after the duct is sleeved, the expansion block is expanded by the axial movement of the fork-shaped screw 16, and the welding process is carried out in the state of the expansion block expanding, which can meet the requirements of supporting the inner wall of the duct in the duct welding process, and after the welding is completed, the expansion block is expanded by the axial movement of the fork-shaped screw 16, and the duct is taken out in the state of the expansion block being contracted. The supporting fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention supports the inner wall of the catheter during welding through the expansion state of the expansion block, and controls the weld height in the welding process by filling the catheter with protective gas, thereby improving the welding quality of the catheter and the fatigue life of the catheter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a catheter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit provided by the illustrated embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a core shaft in a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit provided by the illustrated embodiment;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment is a schematic structural diagram of a fork-shaped screw in a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a catheter.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1-core shaft, 2-positioning sleeve, 3-positioning seat, 4-locking seat, 5-screw, 6-locking nut, 7-first expansion block, 8-tension spring, 9-tension spring rod, 10-connecting pin, 11a-ventilation nozzle, 11b-ventilation interface, 11c-mounting ring, 12-catheter joint, 13-ear piece, 14-second cone sleeve, 15-second expansion block, 16-fork screw, 17-first cone sleeve, 18-hexagonal thin nut, 19-limiting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0045] The above background technology has already explained the important role of aircraft ducts, and explained that welded ducts account for a certain proportion in aircraft manufacturing. Specifically, the proportion of aircraft ducts in aircraft manufacturing is significant, and they play an indispensable role in the structural integrity, function realization and safety of aircraft. In aircraft manufacturing, the proportion of aircraft duct welding is about 25% to 35%, especially in the parts with special aircraft duct product structures. The proportion of duct welding reflects the important position of welding technology in aircraft manufacturing, especially in the manufacture of aircraft ducts, the application of welding technology is very extensive.

[0046] For the widely used welded conduits, the weld reinforcement must be controlled during the welding process to avoid the weld reinforcement destroying the continuity of the weld surface geometry and generating additional bending moment due to sudden changes in shape, resulting in higher local stress and other problems.

[0047] In response to the above-mentioned problems and the need to control the weld excess height, an embodiment of the present invention provides a support fixture and a welding method for controlling the weld excess height in a conduit. The support fixture is installed in the conduit to be welded before welding to expand the conduit so as to support the inner wall of the conduit during welding, thereby controlling the weld excess height.

[0048] The present invention provides the following specific embodiments which can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0049] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a catheter provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 for Figure 1 The embodiment shown is a cross-sectional view of a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the catheter provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include: a core shaft 1, a positioning sleeve 2, a positioning seat 3, a locking seat 4, a screw 5, a locking nut 6, a fork-shaped screw 16, a connecting pin 10, and at least one set of cone sleeve and expansion block assembly.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the structure of the supporting fixture shown, a stepped hole is opened on the axis of the positioning sleeve 2, and the core shaft 1 has a central axis hole along its axis as a whole, and a fork-shaped screw 16 is placed in the central axis hole; the central axis hole at one end of the core shaft 1 is set as a stepped axis hole, and the outer side of the stepped axis hole at this end is set as a stepped axis structure, and the core shaft 1 is nested in the stepped axis hole of the positioning sleeve 2 through its stepped axis structure to limit the axial movement of the core shaft 1 through the positioning sleeve 2; the screw 5 with a flange in the middle passes through the middle through hole of the positioning seat 3 and is positioned and installed on the positioning seat through its flange. On the outer end surface of the seat 3, the screw 5 is positioned and installed in the central axis hole of the core shaft 1 through the positioning seat 3, so that the axial position of the positioning seat 3 and the screw 5 is limited by the step hole of the core shaft 1, and the screw 5 extends into the inner end of the core shaft 1 and is screwed and fixed with the fork-shaped part at one end of the fork-shaped screw 16; the locking seat 4 is sleeved on the screw 5 and abuts against the outer end surface of its flange, and the screw 5 is pressed against the positioning seat 3 by the locking nut 6 screwed on the outer end of the screw 5, that is, the screw 5 in the working state is locked by the locking seat 4 and the locking nut 6.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present invention, each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assembly includes: a cone sleeve and an expansion block arranged as a circumferentially split structure; the cone sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 1 and has an outer cone surface, and the expansion block is sleeved on the outside of the cone sleeve and has an inner cone surface that compensates for the structure of the outer cone surface of the cone sleeve; a mounting hole is opened on the fork portion of at least one end of the fork-shaped screw rod 16 for installing a connecting pin 10 radially perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft 1, and the connecting pin 10 is fixedly connected to the end face of the cone sleeve by a nut.

[0052] By using the supporting fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the catheter to be welded is integrally sleeved on the outside of the expansion block, and the annular groove of the end flange of its catheter joint 12 is sleeved on the outside of one end of the positioning sleeve 2 to limit the axial position of the catheter; the fork-shaped screw 16 is driven to move axially along the core shaft 1 by rotating the screw 5, and the conical sleeve is driven to move axially along the core shaft 1 through the connecting pin 10, thereby realizing the contraction or expansion of the expansion block.

[0053] It should be noted that the supporting clamp provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used to sleeve the catheter when the expansion block is in a contracted state. After the catheter is sleeved, the expansion block is expanded by axial movement of the fork-shaped screw 16, and the welding process is carried out in the expanded state of the expansion block. This can meet the requirement of supporting the inner wall of the catheter in the catheter welding process. After welding is completed, the expansion block is expanded by axial movement of the fork-shaped screw 16, and the catheter is taken out in the contracted state of the expansion block.

[0054] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, a set of cone sleeve and expansion block components may be used, for example, including Figure 2 The first cone sleeve 17 and the first expansion block 7 are shown in the figure, wherein the first cone sleeve 17 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 1 and has an outer cone surface, and the first expansion block 7 is sleeved on the outside of the first cone sleeve 17 and has an inner cone surface that compensates for the structure of the outer cone surface of the first cone sleeve 17.

[0055] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the support fixture is preferably provided with two sets of cone sleeve and expansion block assemblies, including: a first cone sleeve 17 and a first expansion block 7, and a second cone sleeve 14 and a second expansion block 15. Figure 2 As shown, in one group of components, the first cone sleeve 17 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 1 and has an outer cone surface, and the first expansion block 7 is sleeved on the outside of the first cone sleeve 17 and has an inner cone surface that compensates with the structure of the outer cone surface of the first cone sleeve 17; in another group of components, the second cone sleeve 14 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 1 and has an outer cone surface, and the second expansion block 15 is sleeved on the outside of the second cone sleeve 14 and has an inner cone surface that compensates with the structure of the outer cone surface of the second cone sleeve 14.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this implementation, the conical surfaces of the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 have the same direction. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the large ends of the cones in the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 are both located at one end close to the positioning sleeve 2; thus, when the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 with the same cone surface direction move in one direction in the axial direction, the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 are contracted or expanded synchronously. In addition, it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cone surface direction of the cone in each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assembly is not limited, but the cone surface directions of all cone sleeves are the same. When the cone surface directions of the cone sleeves are opposite, only the rotation direction of the contraction or expansion of the expansion block is affected.

[0057] In this implementation, mounting holes are respectively provided on the fork-shaped parts at both ends of the fork-shaped screw 16, for mounting connecting pins 10 radially perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft 1 through the two mounting holes, and the two connecting pins 10 are respectively connected to the end surfaces of the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 through nuts. For example, Figure 2 The connecting pin 10 installed on the mounting hole at the left end of the middle fork-shaped screw rod 16 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the first cone sleeve 17. Figure 2 The connecting pin 10 installed on the mounting hole at the right end of the middle fork-shaped screw rod 16 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the second cone sleeve 14 .

[0058] In this implementation, the fork-shaped screw 16 moves axially along the core shaft 1, and drives the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 to move axially through the two connecting pins 10, so that the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 move axially, thereby realizing the contraction or expansion of the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15. It should be noted that the two groups of expansion blocks used in this implementation are longer in the axial direction, and the two groups of cone sleeves and expansion block assemblies have a better support effect on the inner wall of the catheter.

[0059] Furthermore, the supporting fixture using two sets of cone sleeves and expansion block assemblies also includes: a hexagonal thin nut 18 and a limiting plate 19 arranged between the two sets of cone sleeves and expansion block assemblies.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 The embodiment shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the core shaft of the support fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer periphery of the middle part of the shaft body of the mandrel 1 is provided with an external thread, and an annular boss is formed by screwing the hexagonal thin nut 18 on the shaft body of the mandrel 1. The limit plate 19 is positioned and installed on the end face of one side of the first expansion block 7 close to the second cone sleeve 14 through the nut, and the axial position of the limit plate 19 and the first expansion block 7 is limited by the hexagonal thin nut 18. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the limit position of the first cone sleeve 17 is limited by limiting the limit plate 19 through the hexagonal thin nut 18, and since the second cone sleeve 14 and the first cone sleeve 17 are linked by the fork screw 16, it is not necessary to set an axial limit structure for the second cone sleeve 14 separately.

[0061] In a specific implementation, waist-shaped holes are respectively provided at both ends of the shaft body of the core shaft 1 along the axial direction, and the connecting pins 10 at both ends of the fork-shaped screw 16 are used to pass through the waist-shaped holes at corresponding positions, and serve as a guide space for the axial movement of the connecting pins 10.

[0062] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, an implementation structure of a cone sleeve and an expansion block assembly is provided. In each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assemblies, one set of cone sleeves includes at least two ring-segment cone sleeves arranged in segments along the circumferential direction, which are spliced ​​circumferentially along a core shaft 1 to form a cone structure; one set of expansion blocks includes at least two ring-segment expansion blocks arranged in segments along the circumferential direction, which are spliced ​​circumferentially to form a conical wedge-shaped hole inside the cone sleeve for cooperating with the cone structure of the cone sleeve.

[0063] In a specific implementation, for example, it includes a 3-petal ring segment cone sleeve with a 120-degree ring segment, and a 3-petal ring segment expansion block with a 120-degree ring segment.

[0064] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, in each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assemblies, a plurality of ring segment expansion blocks used to form a set of expansion blocks are provided with at least one annular groove along the circumferential direction, and a tightening mechanism is placed in the annular groove, so that when the fork screw 16 moves toward the side used to shrink the expansion block, the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks are tightened radially by the tightening mechanism, so as to facilitate the removal of the support clamp from the welded catheter.

[0065] Furthermore, each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assembly also includes: a tension spring 8, or a tension spring 8 and a tension spring rod 9.

[0066] In one embodiment, a tension spring 8 is installed around the circumference in each annular groove of the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks, so as to apply radial pressure to the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks around the circumference.

[0067] In another embodiment, a plurality of tension spring rods 9 parallel to the axial direction are pressed into the outer cylindrical surface of the ring segment expansion block along the circumference of each annular groove, and a tension spring 8 is hung between adjacent tension spring rods 9 to apply radial pressure to the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks surrounding a circle.

[0068] In the above embodiment, when the expansion block contracts, the tension spring 8 contracts along the axis to cause the three-petal ring segment expansion block to contract, thereby facilitating its removal from the inner wall of the catheter.

[0069] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, in each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assembly, a plurality of ventilation nozzles 11a parallel to the axial direction are provided on the end surface of each cone sleeve, and a guide hole for connecting the ventilation nozzle 11a to the weld position is provided on the inner cone surface of each expansion block. Accordingly, the column of the positioning sleeve 2 located outside the step hole is set as a multi-stage annular boss structure for connecting with the three-jaw chuck of the welding work, and the outer surface of the column at the other end of the positioning sleeve 2 is provided with a ventilation interface 11b and two symmetrically arranged mounting rings 11c.

[0070] In this implementation, the ventilation interface 11b is used to connect the ventilation nozzle 11a, the ventilation interface 11b and the cavity between the guide hole after the catheter is installed on the support clamp, and the protective gas is delivered to between each expansion block and the catheter, thereby performing gas protection during welding; the symmetrically arranged installation rings 11c are used to lift and transport the support clamp and the catheter.

[0071] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 1 The embodiment shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fork-shaped screw in the support fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the conduit. Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the fork-shaped screw 16 in this implementation includes a small-diameter middle rod and large-diameter cylindrical rods fixedly connected to the two ends of the small-diameter middle rod. A threaded hole is opened on the end surface of the large-diameter cylindrical rod at one end for threading with the external thread at the inner end of the screw 5. The fork-shaped screw 16 is moved axially by rotating the screw 5.

[0072] In view of the circumferential weld welding and local ear piece welding of small-diameter ducts in aircraft structures, an embodiment of the present invention provides a support fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in the duct, which adopts a core shaft 1 with a central axis hole and a fork-shaped screw 16 arranged inside the core shaft 1. The connecting pin 10 connected to the fork-shaped screw 16 extends radially out of the core shaft 1 and is fixedly connected to a tapered sleeve sleeved outside the core shaft 1, and an expansion block is installed on the outside of the tapered sleeve; the fork-shaped screw 16 is driven to move axially along the core shaft 1 by the rotation of the screw 5 screwed to the fork-shaped screw 16, thereby driving the axial movement of the tapered sleeve to achieve the contraction or expansion of the expansion block; using the support fixture used in the embodiment of the present invention, the duct can be sleeved in the state of the expansion block being contracted, and after the duct is sleeved, the expansion block is expanded by the axial movement of the fork-shaped screw 16, and the welding process is carried out in the state of the expansion block expanding, which can meet the requirements of supporting the inner wall of the duct in the duct welding process. After the welding is completed, the expansion block is expanded by the axial movement of the fork-shaped screw 16, and the duct is taken out in the state of the expansion block being contracted. The supporting fixture provided in the embodiment of the present invention supports the inner wall of the catheter during welding through the expansion state of the expansion block, and controls the weld height in the welding process by filling the catheter with protective gas, thereby improving the welding quality of the catheter and the fatigue life of the catheter.

[0073] Based on the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a duct provided by the above embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a welding method for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a duct, and the supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a duct provided by any of the above embodiments can be used to support the aircraft duct to cooperate with the welding operation; in the embodiments of the present invention, for example, Figure 2 The supporting fixture shown in the figure has two sets of cone sleeve and expansion block assemblies, which respectively include: a first cone sleeve 17 and a first expansion block 7 used in conjunction with each other, and a second cone sleeve 14 and a second expansion block 15 used in conjunction with each other. The welding method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following implementation steps:

[0074] Step 1, the screw rod 5 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to drive the fork-shaped screw rod 16 to move axially toward one end of the screw rod 5, thereby driving the connecting pin 10 to move toward the same end, and driving the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 to move toward the same end, so that the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 are contracted at the same time;

[0075] Step 2, insert the core shaft 1 of the supporting fixture into the catheter as a whole, and sleeve the catheter joint 12 at one end of the catheter on the end of the positioning sleeve 2 to fix the relative position of the catheter and the core shaft 1, and place the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 at the position to be supported and welded in the catheter;

[0076] Step 3, rotate the screw 5 counterclockwise or clockwise to drive the fork-shaped screw 16 to move axially toward one end away from the screw 5, drive the connecting pin 10 to move toward the same end, and drive the first cone sleeve 17 and the second cone sleeve 14 to move toward the same end, so that the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 expand at the same time, and support the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 on the inner wall of the catheter 12 at the position to be welded;

[0077] Step 4, the supporting fixture and the catheter assembled therethrough are mounted as an integral structure on the three-jaw chuck of the turntable of the welding equipment through the positioning sleeve 2. After clamping, a welding robot is used to perform welding operations on the part to be welded;

[0078] Step 5, after the welding operation is completed, remove the support fixture and the catheter together, rotate the screw 5 of the support fixture clockwise or counterclockwise to shrink the expansion block in the support fixture, and then remove the entire support fixture from the catheter.

[0079] In an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the placement positions of the first expansion block 7 and the second expansion block 15 in step 2 are, for example, the circumferential welding positions of the two catheters, or the position 13 of the local ear piece of a single catheter.

[0080] Correspondingly, in step 4, the circumferential welding position of the conduit or the local ear piece of the conduit supported and fixedly mounted on the welding equipment by a supporting fixture is welded, and during the welding process, protective gas is introduced through the ventilation joint 11b and the ventilation nozzle 11a to perform gas protection during the welding operation.

[0081] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are as above, the contents are only embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician in the field to which the present invention belongs can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the present invention, but the patent protection scope of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit, characterized in that: include: A mandrel (1), a positioning sleeve (2), a positioning seat (3), a locking seat (4), a screw (5), a locking nut (6), a fork-shaped screw (16), a connecting pin (10), and at least one set of a cone sleeve and a swelling block assembly; The axis of the positioning sleeve (2) is provided with a stepped hole, the core shaft (1) has a central axis hole along its axis, and a fork-shaped screw (16) is placed in the central axis hole; the central axis hole at one end of the core shaft (1) is set as a stepped axis hole, and the outer side of the stepped axis hole at this end is set as a stepped axis structure, and the core shaft (1) is nested in the stepped axis hole of the positioning sleeve (2) through its stepped axis structure, so as to limit the axial movement of the core shaft (1) through the positioning sleeve (2); the screw (5) with a flange in the middle passes through the middle through hole of the positioning seat (3) and is positioned by its flange. The screw (5) is installed on the outer end surface of the positioning seat (3) so that the screw (5) is positioned and installed in the central axis hole of the core shaft (1) through the positioning seat (3) so as to limit the axial position of the positioning seat (3) and the screw (5) through the stepped hole of the core shaft (1). The screw (5) extends into the inner end of the core shaft (1) and is screwed and fixed with the fork-shaped part at one end of the fork-shaped screw (16); the locking seat (4) is sleeved on the screw (5) and abuts against the outer end surface of its flange, and the screw (5) is pressed against the positioning seat (3) by a locking nut (6) screwed on the outer end of the screw (5); Each set of the cone sleeve and expansion block assembly comprises: a cone sleeve and an expansion block which are arranged as a circumferentially split structure; the cone sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft (1) and has an outer cone surface, and the expansion block is sleeved on the outside of the cone sleeve and has an inner cone surface which compensates for the structure of the outer cone surface of the cone sleeve; a mounting hole is provided on the fork portion at at least one end of the fork-shaped screw rod (16) for mounting a connecting pin (10) which is radially perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft (1), and the connecting pin (10) is fixedly connected to the end surface of the cone sleeve by a nut; The conduit to be welded is integrally sleeved on the outside of the expansion block, and is sleeved on the outside of one end of the positioning sleeve (2) through the annular groove of the end flange of the conduit joint (12) to limit the axial position of the conduit; the fork-shaped screw (16) is driven to move axially along the core shaft (1) by rotating the screw (5), and the conical sleeve is driven to move axially along the core shaft (1) by the connecting pin (10), thereby realizing the contraction or expansion of the expansion block.

2. The supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in a conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, it comprises two groups of cone sleeve and expansion block assemblies, which respectively comprise: a first cone sleeve (17) and a first expansion block (7), and a second cone sleeve (14) and a second expansion block (15); the first cone sleeve (17) is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft (1) and has an outer cone surface, the first expansion block (7) is sleeved on the outside of the first cone sleeve (17) and has an inner cone surface that compensates for the structure of the outer cone surface of the first cone sleeve (17); the second cone sleeve (14) is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft (1) and has an outer cone surface, the second expansion block (15) is sleeved on the outside of the second cone sleeve (14) and has an inner cone surface that compensates for the structure of the outer cone surface of the second cone sleeve (14); The fork-shaped parts at both ends of the fork-shaped screw (16) are respectively provided with mounting holes for mounting connecting pins (10) radially perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft (1) through the two mounting holes, and the two connecting pins (10) are respectively connected to the end surfaces of the first tapered sleeve (17) and the second tapered sleeve (14) through nuts; The fork-shaped screw (16) moves axially along the core shaft (1), and drives the first cone sleeve (17) and the second cone sleeve (14) to move axially through the two connecting pins (10), so that the first cone sleeve (17) and the second cone sleeve (14) move axially, thereby realizing the contraction or expansion of the first expansion block (7) and the second expansion block (15).

3. The supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in a conduit according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A hexagonal thin nut (18) and a limiting plate (19) arranged between two sets of cone sleeves and expansion block components; The central outer periphery of the shaft body of the core shaft (1) is provided with an external thread, and an annular boss is formed by screwing a hexagonal thin nut (18) on the shaft body of the core shaft (1). The limiting plate (19) is positioned and installed on the end surface of one side of the first expansion block (7) close to the second cone sleeve (14) through the nut, and the axial position of the limiting plate (19) and the first expansion block (7) is limited by the hexagonal thin nut (18); Both ends of the shaft body of the core shaft (1) are respectively provided with waist-shaped holes along the axial direction, and the connecting pins (10) at both ends of the fork-shaped screw rod (16) are used to pass through the waist-shaped holes at corresponding positions.

4. The supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In each set of the cone sleeve and expansion block assembly, one set of cone sleeves includes at least two segment cone sleeves arranged in sections along the circumference, which are spliced ​​along the circumference of the core shaft (1) to form a cone structure, and one set of expansion blocks includes at least two segment cone sleeves arranged in sections along the circumference, which are spliced ​​along the circumference of the cone sleeve to form a conical wedge-shaped hole inside, which is used to cooperate with the cone structure of the cone sleeve.

5. The supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of the butt weld in a conduit according to claim 4, characterized in that: In each group of the cone sleeve and expansion block assembly, a plurality of ring segment expansion blocks used to form a set of expansion blocks are provided with at least one annular groove along the circumferential direction, and a tightening mechanism is placed in the annular groove, so that when the fork-shaped screw (16) moves toward the side used to shrink the expansion block, the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks are tightened in the radial direction through the tightening mechanism, so as to facilitate the removal of the support clamp from the welded conduit.

6. The supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tightening mechanism comprises: a tension spring (8), or a tension spring (8) and a tension spring rod (9); A tension spring (8) is installed in each annular groove of the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks around the circumference, for applying radial pressure to the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks around the circumference; or, A plurality of tension spring rods (9) parallel to the axial direction are pressed into the outer cylindrical surface of the ring segment expansion block along the circumference of each annular groove, and a tension spring (8) is hung between adjacent tension spring rods (9) for applying radial pressure to the plurality of ring segment expansion blocks surrounding one circle.

7. The supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In each set of cone sleeve and expansion block assembly, a plurality of ventilation nozzles (11a) parallel to the axial direction are provided on the end surface of each cone sleeve along the circumferential direction, and a guide hole for connecting the ventilation nozzle (11a) to the welding seam position is provided on the inner cone surface of each expansion block; The column of the positioning sleeve (2) located outside the step hole is configured as a multi-stage annular boss structure for connecting to a three-jaw chuck for welding work; the outer surface of the column at the other end of the positioning sleeve (2) is provided with a ventilation interface (11b) and two symmetrically arranged mounting rings (11c); the ventilation interface (11b) is used to connect the cavity between the ventilation nozzle (11a), the ventilation interface (11b) and the guide hole after a conduit is sleeved on the support fixture, so as to transport the protective gas between each expansion block and the conduit, thereby performing gas protection during welding; the symmetrically arranged mounting rings (11c) are used to lift and transport the support fixture and the conduit.

8. The supporting fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The fork-shaped screw (16) comprises a small-diameter rod in the middle, and large-diameter cylindrical rods fixedly connected to the two ends of the small-diameter rod in the middle. A threaded hole is opened on the end surface of the large-diameter cylindrical rod at one end for threading with the external thread at the inner end of the screw (5). The fork-shaped screw (16) can be moved axially by rotating the screw (5).

9. A welding method for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit, characterized in that: The aircraft duct is supported by using a support fixture for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a duct as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 to assist in the welding operation; The two sets of cone sleeve and expansion block components in the support fixture respectively include: a first cone sleeve (17) and a first expansion block (7) used in conjunction with each other, and a second cone sleeve (14) and a second expansion block (15) used in conjunction with each other; the welding method includes: Step 1, rotating the screw rod (5) clockwise or counterclockwise, driving the fork-shaped screw rod (16) to move axially toward one end of the screw rod (5), thereby driving the connecting pin (10) to move toward the same end, and driving the first cone sleeve (17) and the second cone sleeve (14) to move toward the same end, so that the first expansion block (7) and the second expansion block (15) are contracted at the same time; Step 2, insert the core shaft (1) of the supporting fixture into the catheter as a whole, sleeve the catheter joint (12) at one end of the catheter on the end of the positioning sleeve (2) to fix the relative position of the catheter and the core shaft (1), and place the first expansion block (7) and the second expansion block (15) at the position to be supported and welded in the catheter; Step 3, rotating the screw rod (5) counterclockwise or clockwise, driving the fork-shaped screw rod (16) to move axially toward one end away from the screw rod (5), driving the connecting pin (10) to move toward the same end, and driving the first cone sleeve (17) and the second cone sleeve (14) to move toward the same end, so that the first expansion block (7) and the second expansion block (15) expand at the same time, and supporting the first expansion block (7) and the second expansion block (15) on the inner wall of the catheter at the position to be welded; Step 4, the supporting fixture and the conduit assembled therethrough are mounted as an integral structure on the three-jaw chuck of the turntable of the welding equipment through the positioning sleeve (2), and after the clamping, a welding robot is used to perform welding operations on the part to be welded; Step 5, after the welding operation is completed, remove the support fixture and the catheter together, rotate the screw (5) of the support fixture clockwise or counterclockwise to shrink the expansion block in the support fixture, and then remove the entire support fixture from the catheter.

10. The welding method for controlling the excess height of a butt weld in a conduit according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 4, the circumferential welding position of the conduit or the local ear piece of the conduit supported and fixedly mounted on the welding equipment by a supporting fixture is welded, and during the welding process, protective gas is introduced through the ventilation interface (11b) and the ventilation nozzle (11a) to perform gas protection during the welding operation.

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