Phase-change heat exchange device utilizing water evaporation boiling

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of phase-change heat exchange. Relates to a phase-change heat exchange device utilizing water evaporation boiling. In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency and the gas-liquid separation efficiency in a low-pressure environment, the invention provides a phase-change heat exchange device utilizing water evaporation and boiling. The phase-change heat exchange device comprises a liquid storage tank (1), a heat exchanger (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), a perforated plate (4), an exhaust pipe (5), a safety valve (6) and a pipe joint (7), the heat exchanger (2), the gas-liquid separator (3) and the perforated plate (4) are arranged in the internal structure of the liquid storage tank (1); an inlet and outlet straight pipe (8) of the heat exchanger (2) penetrates through the liquid storage tank (1) and then is formed by argon arc welding with the pipe joint (7); the liquid storage tank (1) is welded with the exhaust pipe (5); and the safety valve (6) is embedded in the internal structure of the exhaust pipe (5). The device is used in a low-pressure environment, and has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency and high gas-liquid separation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of phase change heat transfer and relates to a phase change heat transfer device utilizing water evaporation and boiling. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of aerospace technology, the depth and breadth of space exploration are constantly expanding, and the thermal control environment faced by aircraft is becoming increasingly harsh. In order to overcome these complex and harsh environmental conditions, the requirements for aircraft thermal control systems are becoming increasingly higher. In aircraft thermal control systems with low radiation heat dissipation efficiency, consumable radiators are required to use the latent heat of phase change of the working fluid to dissipate heat.

[0003] The usual temperature control method inside an aircraft uses stored refrigerants to absorb heat through evaporation, but Freon-type refrigerants have a low latent heat of evaporation, so the cooling system is heavy and their application is limited. The latent heat of evaporation of water is about 10 times that of Freon-type refrigerants, which can greatly reduce the weight of the storage cooling system, making it possible to use stored refrigerant evaporative cooling technology in the temperature control of high-speed aircraft. At the same time, as the most environmentally friendly, cleanest, most easily available and cheapest refrigerant in nature, water can effectively reduce the cost of the cooling system and protect the atmospheric environment by replacing Freon-type synthetic refrigerants for refrigeration through a reasonable cooling system structure design. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the Invention

[0005] A phase change heat exchange device utilizing water evaporation and boiling is provided to solve the problems of low heat exchange efficiency and low gas-liquid separation efficiency under low pressure environment.

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] A phase change heat exchange device utilizing water evaporation and boiling comprises a liquid storage tank, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a porous plate, an exhaust pipe, a safety valve, and a pipe joint; the heat exchanger, the porous plate, and the gas-liquid separator are sequentially arranged in the internal structure of the liquid storage tank; the inlet and outlet straight pipes of the heat exchanger pass through the liquid storage tank and are argon arc welded to the pipe joint; the liquid storage tank is welded to the exhaust pipe; and the safety valve is embedded in the internal structure of the exhaust pipe.

[0008] The heat exchanger is a plate-fin structure, which includes inlet and outlet straight pipes, side plates, partitions, hot side seals, hot side fins, cold side seals, cold side fins, and hot side end covers; the hot side seals have N layers in total; the cold side seals have N+1 layers in total; the partitions have 2N+2 layers in total; the partitions, hot side seals, and cold side seals are alternately stacked; the hot side fins are in the internal structure composed of the hot side seals and the partitions; the cold side fins are in the internal structure composed of the cold side seals and the partitions; the side plates are welded to the outside of the partitions, and the inlet and outlet straight pipes extend from the liquid storage tank and are connected to the pipe joints;

[0009] The side plates, partitions, hot side seals, hot side fins, cold side seals and cold side fins are welded by vacuum brazing.

[0010] Furthermore, the hot side seal has 18 layers in total; the cold side seal has 19 layers in total; and the partition has 38 layers in total;

[0011] Furthermore, the inlet and outlet straight pipes, hot side end cover and side plate, partition, hot side seal, hot side fin, cold side seal, and cold side fin are brazed by argon arc welding.

[0012] Furthermore, the height of the hot side fin is greater than the height of the hot side seal, with a deviation of no more than 0.05 mm; the height of the cold side fin is greater than the height of the cold side seal, with a deviation of no more than 0.05 mm.

[0013] (Ensure vacuum brazing quality)

[0014] Furthermore, the gas-liquid separator is a metal wire mesh structure, and the metal wire is specifically stainless steel.

[0015] Furthermore, the porous plate is specifically circular holes distributed in an array.

[0016] Furthermore, the hole gap of the circular hole is 5mm-10mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the porous plate is 2mm-4mm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0019] The high performance and miniaturization of electronic equipment in industries such as aerospace electronic equipment, automobiles, power inverters and supercomputers have become a development trend, but these electronic equipment will generate a large amount of heat flux when working. In order to keep the electronic equipment working efficiently and normally, these electronic equipment must be effectively thermally managed. Plate-fin heat exchangers are widely used for their advantages such as small size and light weight. According to different application fields, plate-fin heat exchangers have developed various extension surfaces, such as ordinary fins, wavy fins, rectangular serrated fins, perforated fins and louvered fins. Among these enhanced fin geometries, rectangular serrated fins are the most widely used. Traditionally, the single-phase cooling method based on forced convection cannot meet the rapidly increasing cooling needs of electronic equipment. Therefore, this patent proposes a solution to add a boiling phase change side on the basis of single-phase liquid cooling, and use the latent heat of the liquid-vapor phase change process to take away a large amount of heat, thereby realizing the cooling of electronic equipment. The boiling side can be divided into pool boiling, inflow boiling, outflow boiling and their combination of mixed configurations. Pool boiling is the simplest of the above boiling configurations and has the significant advantage of so-called passive cooling, without the need for pumping power or moving parts in the system. Therefore, this patent provides a phase change heat transfer device that utilizes water evaporation boiling. The device can be used as a stand-alone device in a high-altitude, low-pressure environment to meet the cooling needs of high-power electronic equipment. 1. The phase change heat transfer efficiency of the device is as high as 85% in a low-pressure environment. 2. The gas-liquid separation efficiency of the device is as high as 80% in a low-pressure environment. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the appearance structure diagram of the phase change heat transfer device;

[0021] Figure 2 is the internal structure diagram of the phase change heat exchange device;

[0022] Figure 3 Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the heat exchanger;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of the heat exchanger;

[0024] Figure 5 This is the layout diagram of the hot side fins in the heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail in combination with the embodiment of the present invention. In the example, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar originals or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. The embodiments described below by reference are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The following is a detailed description in combination with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] A phase change heat exchange device utilizing water evaporation and boiling comprises a liquid storage tank (1), a heat exchanger (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), a porous plate (4), an exhaust pipe (5), a safety valve (6), and a pipe joint (7); the heat exchanger (2), the porous plate (4), and the gas-liquid separator (3) are sequentially arranged in the internal structure of the liquid storage tank (1); the inlet and outlet straight pipes (8) of the heat exchanger (2) pass through the liquid storage tank (1) and are then argon arc welded to the pipe joint (7); the liquid storage tank (1) and the exhaust pipe (5) are welded; and the safety valve (6) is embedded in the internal structure of the exhaust pipe (5).

[0027] The heat exchanger (2) is a plate-fin structure, which comprises inlet and outlet straight pipes (8), side plates (9), partitions (10), hot side seals (11), hot side fins (12), cold side seals (13), cold side fins (14), and hot side end covers (15); the hot side seals (11) have N layers in total; the cold side seals (13) have N+1 layers in total; the partitions (10) have 2N+2 layers in total; the partitions (10), hot side seals (11), and cold side seals (13) are alternately stacked; the hot side fins (12) are in the internal structure formed by the hot side seals (11) and the partitions (10); the cold side fins (14) are in the internal structure formed by the cold side seals (13) and the partitions (10); the side plates (9) are welded to the outside of the partitions (10); the inlet and outlet straight pipes (8) extend from the liquid storage tank (1) and are connected to the pipe joints (7);

[0028] The side plate (9), the partition plate (10), the hot side sealing strip (11), the hot side fin (12), the cold side sealing strip (13), and the cold side fin (14) are welded by vacuum brazing.

[0029] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the hot side seal strip (11) has 18 layers in total; the cold side seal strip (13) has 19 layers in total; and the partition plate (10) has 38 layers in total;

[0030] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the inlet and outlet straight pipes (8), the hot side end cover (15) and the side plate (9), the partition (10), the hot side seal (11), the hot side fin (12), the cold side seal (13), and the cold side fin (14) are brazed to form a structure that is welded by argon arc welding.

[0031] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the height of the hot side fin (12) is greater than the height of the hot side seal (11), with a deviation of no more than 0.05 mm; the height of the cold side fin (14) is greater than the height of the cold side seal (13), with a deviation of no more than 0.05 mm. (Ensure vacuum brazing quality)

[0032] In a certain implementation case of the present invention, the gas-liquid separator (3) is a metal wire mesh structure, and the metal wire is specifically made of stainless steel.

[0033] In a certain implementation case of the present invention, the porous plate (4) is specifically circular holes distributed in an array.

[0034] In a certain implementation case of the present invention, the hole gap of the circular hole is 5mm-10mm.

[0035] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the porous plate (4) is 2 mm-4 mm.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the phase change heat exchange device comprises a liquid storage tank (1), a heat exchanger (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), a porous plate (4), an exhaust pipe (5), a safety valve (6), and a pipe joint (7); the heat exchanger (2), the gas-liquid separator (3), and the porous plate (4) are in the internal structure of the liquid storage tank (1); the inlet and outlet straight pipes (8) of the heat exchanger (2) pass through the liquid storage tank (1) and are argon arc welded with the pipe joint (7); the liquid storage tank (1) and the exhaust pipe (5) are welded; and the safety valve (6) is embedded in the internal structure of the exhaust pipe (5).

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the heat exchanger (2) is a plate-fin structure, which includes inlet and outlet straight pipes (8), side plates (9), partitions (10), hot side seals (11), hot side fins (12), cold side seals (13), cold side fins (14), and hot side end covers (15); the hot side seals (11) have 18 layers in total; the cold side seals (13) have 19 layers in total; the partitions (10) have 38 layers in total; the partitions (10), hot side seals (11), and cold side seals (13) are alternately stacked; the hot side fins (12) are in the internal structure composed of the hot side seals (11) and the partitions (10); and the cold side fins (14) are in the internal structure composed of the cold side seals (13) and the partitions (10).

[0038] The inlet and outlet straight pipes (8), the hot side end cover (15) and the side plate (9), the partition plate (10), the hot side seal strip (11), the hot side fin (12), the cold side seal strip (13), and the cold side fin (14) are brazed and welded by argon arc welding.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the porous plate (4) is located above the heat exchanger (2); and the gas-liquid separator (3) is located above the porous plate (4).

[0040] Working principle: When the water evaporator is in a high-altitude environment with a low ambient pressure (for example, at an altitude of 24 km, the ambient pressure is 3 kPa, the safety valve (6) of the water evaporator is in a fully open state, minus the valve's own opening pressure, the pressure in the liquid storage tank is about 8 kPa, and the boiling point temperature of the cooling water is 41.5°C). When the hot side channel of the heat exchanger is passed through the high-temperature fluid, the heat is transferred to the cooling water in the cold side channel of the heat exchanger through the partition (10) (main heat transfer surface) and the hot side fin (12) (secondary heat transfer surface). The cooling water temperature continues to rise and reaches the boiling point temperature. A large amount of heat is taken away by evaporation in the heat exchanger, so that the high-temperature fluid reaches the required temperature. In the process of boiling and evaporation of the cooling water, part of the water vapor is discharged into the external environment through the porous plate (4), the gas-liquid separator (3), and the safety valve (6). The free water contained in the water vapor can be separated through the porous plate (4) and the gas-liquid separator (3) and flow back to the liquid storage tank (1), thereby improving the utilization rate of water.

[0041] It is understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as the general understanding of ordinary technicians in the field to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and unless defined as here, will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings. The specific implementation methods described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any technician familiar with the profession may use the above disclosed technical content to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes for application in other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution content of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., made according to the technical essence of the present invention, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase change heat transfer device utilizing water evaporation and boiling, characterized in that: It comprises a liquid storage tank, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a porous plate, an exhaust pipe, a safety valve, and a pipe joint; the heat exchanger, the porous plate, and the gas-liquid separator are sequentially arranged in the internal structure of the liquid storage tank; the inlet and outlet straight pipes of the heat exchanger pass through the liquid storage tank and are argon arc welded with the pipe joint; the liquid storage tank and the exhaust pipe are welded; the safety valve is embedded in the internal structure of the exhaust pipe; The heat exchanger is a plate-fin structure, which includes inlet and outlet straight pipes, side plates, partitions, hot side seals, hot side fins, cold side seals, cold side fins, and hot side end covers; The hot side seal strips have N layers in total; the cold side seal strips have N+1 layers in total; the partition strips have 2N+2 layers in total; the partition strips, hot side seal strips, and cold side seal strips are alternately stacked; the hot side fins are in the internal structure composed of the hot side seal strips and the partition strips; the cold side fins are in the internal structure composed of the cold side seal strips and the partition strips; the side plates are welded to the outside of the partition strips, and the inlet and outlet straight pipes extend from the liquid storage tank and are connected to the pipe joints; The side plates, partitions, hot side seals, hot side fins, cold side seals and cold side fins are welded by vacuum brazing.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The hot side seal strips have 18 layers in total; the cold side seal strips have 19 layers in total; and the partitions have 38 layers in total.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The inlet and outlet straight pipes, hot side end cover and side plate, partition plate, hot side seal strip, hot side fin, cold side seal strip and cold side fin brazed structure are welded by argon arc welding.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The height of the hot side fin is greater than the height of the hot side seal, with a deviation of no more than 0.05 mm; the height of the cold side fin is greater than the height of the cold side seal, with a deviation of no more than 0.05 mm.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The gas-liquid separator is a metal wire mesh structure, and the metal wire is specifically made of stainless steel.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The porous plate is specifically circular holes distributed in an array.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The hole gap of the circular hole is 5mm-10mm.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The thickness of the porous plate is 2mm-4mm.

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