Distillers' grains solid-state fermentation tank transformation system and fermentation method thereof

Abstract

The transformation system comprises a fermentation tank, the bottom of the fermentation tank is a conical bottom, a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the conical bottom, and a spiral conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the discharge port; a movable frame is arranged in the fermentation tank and comprises a first frame, a second frame is arranged on the lower portion of the first frame, the first frame and the second frame are connected through a first supporting rod, a gas-liquid pipe is arranged between the first frame and the second frame, and a gas supply spray head and a liquid supply spray head are arranged on the gas-liquid pipe; hydraulic lifting columns are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the fermentation tank, and the ends, penetrating through the side wall of the cone bottom, of the hydraulic lifting columns are fixed to the middles of the two sides of the first frame. According to the novel grain stillage solid state fermentation tank transformation system, the movable frame is arranged in the fermentation tank, water supply, oxygen supply and aerobic pile turning can be achieved, the labor intensity of personnel can be greatly reduced, the fermentation time is short, and the fermentation efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of distiller's grains fermentation in the environmental protection industry, and in particular to a distiller's grains solid-state fermentation tank transformation system and a fermentation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Liquor lees are a byproduct of the liquor brewing industry. They are widely available, cheap and have a huge output. In recent years, the annual output of liquor in my country has been 7-8 million kiloliters. According to general experience, 3-4 tons of lees will be produced for every kiloliter of liquor brewed, and it is estimated that 21-28 million tons of liquor lees will be produced each year. With the increase in the output of the liquor industry, the resource utilization of liquor lees is of great significance.

[0003] Fresh white wine lees have high neutral detergent fiber content, low energy value, low nutrient utilization efficiency, poor palatability, and if left alone, they will deteriorate and breed a large amount of aflatoxin, etc., causing environmental pollution. Direct rough processing as feed will lead to livestock safety and ultimately food safety problems. Using wine lees as a culture medium for anaerobic fermentation to prepare feed is a common process at present. However, the decomposition rate of crude fiber and macromolecular protein in simple anaerobic fermentation is relatively low; and the method of aerobic-anaerobic combined fermentation can improve the nutritional value of feed. The commonly used wine lees solid fermentation tank in the current prior art is generally a square structure or a square cone bottom structure. The pile is manually turned during the fermentation process, and the material is manually discharged after the fermentation is completed. The operation intensity is very large and the fermentation time is long. If it is replaced with a new fermentation tank structure, on the one hand, the cost is relatively high, and it will lead to waste of resources in the original fermentation tank. If the existing fermentation tank can be simply improved to reduce personnel costs and will not lead to waste of the existing fermentation tank, it is a problem that needs to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to make simple improvements to the original fermentation tank in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a new type of distiller's grains solid-state fermentation tank transformation system. A movable frame is built into the fermentation tank to achieve water supply, ventilation and aerobic turning, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of personnel, and the fermentation time is short and the fermentation effect is good.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A wine lees solid fermentation tank transformation system, comprising a fermentation tank, wherein the bottom of the fermentation tank is a cone bottom, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the cone bottom, and a screw conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the discharge port; A movable frame is arranged in the fermentation tank, including a frame 1, a frame 2 is arranged under the frame, the frame 1 and the frame 2 are connected by a support rod 1, a gas-liquid pipe is arranged between the frame 1 and the frame 2, and a gas supply nozzle and a liquid supply nozzle are arranged on the gas-liquid pipe; Hydraulic lifting columns are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the fermentation tank. The hydraulic lifting columns pass through one end of the side wall of the cone bottom and are fixed to the middle of both sides of the frame.

[0006] Furthermore, a working door is provided on the outer side of the cone bottom in the middle of the fermentation tank, and the hydraulic lifting column is arranged inside the working door.

[0007] Furthermore, through holes are arranged at the center of two sides of the frame, and the top of the hydraulic lifting column passes through the through holes and is threadedly connected to a drop nut.

[0008] Furthermore, the middle parts of the frame one and the frame two are connected to the gas-liquid pipes through two intermediate pipes. The intermediate pipes, the gas-liquid pipes and the frame two are all sleeve structures and are interconnected. The sleeve structure includes a sleeve and an inner pipe. The inner pipe is connected to the liquid supply hose, the sleeve is connected to the air supply hose, and the sleeve and the inner pipe are respectively connected to the air supply nozzle and the liquid supply nozzle.

[0009] Furthermore, the side support rods are rotatably connected to the blades.

[0010] Furthermore, a second support rod is arranged between the outer side of the first support rod and the inner wall of the fermentation tank.

[0011] A method for fermentation using a modified system comprises the following steps: 1) Aerobic fermentation: sterilize the wine lees fermentation medium and mix it evenly with the fermentation bacteria, add water to adjust the water content to 35-45wt%, transport it to the fermentation tank, ventilate it with an air supply hose, and after fermenting for 3-4 hours, start the hydraulic lifting column to drive the movable frame to move up to the second frame in the middle of the fermentation tank, and continue fermenting for 3-4 hours. During the fermentation process, the temperature in the fermentation tank is controlled at 30-40℃ and the humidity is 75-80%; 2) Anaerobic fermentation: stop ventilation, supply nitrogen through the air supply hose for 1-3 minutes, then supply water through the liquid supply hose, and then cover the top of the fermentation tank with a film, and perform anaerobic fermentation for 6-8 hours; 3) After peeling off the film, the movable frame is removed, the discharge port is opened, and the fermented material is transported to the next link through a screw conveyor.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention discloses a wine lees solid fermentation tank transformation system, which performs a simple transformation on the original fermentation tank, has a built-in movable frame, and both sides of the movable frame are driven to rise and fall by hydraulic lifting columns. When discharging, the movable frame can be removed by unscrewing the nuts on the top of the hydraulic lifting columns; a bottom screw conveyor is used for discharging, the overall transformation process is simple, and no manual turning of the pile is required during aerobic fermentation, and no manual discharging is required after the fermentation is completed, which greatly reduces the labor cost.

[0013] 2. In the middle stage of aerobic fermentation, the hydraulic lifting column drives the movable frame to rise. During the rising process, frame 2, support rod 1, intermediate tube, air supply nozzle and liquid supply nozzle rise from the bottom of the culture medium, and the blades will rotate driven by the hydraulic lifting column and the culture medium, further playing the role of turning the pile, increasing the looseness and air permeability of the fermentation medium of the wine lees fermentation, helping air circulation to increase the fermentation effect, reducing the aerobic fermentation time, and no manual turning operation is required, reducing labor costs.

[0014] 3. The ventilation of the fermentation tank is achieved through the air supply nozzles arranged on the middle tube, the gas-liquid tube and the second frame. The middle tube installed on the first frame is not equipped with air supply nozzles, and the ventilation and oxygen supply are concentrated in the middle and lower parts, which helps to increase the ventilation effect in the fermentation tank; and the liquid supply nozzles are evenly distributed on the two middle tubes, the gas-liquid tube and the second frame. On the one hand, after the aerobic fermentation is completed, nitrogen is first supplied to drive oxygen, and then a small amount of water is sprayed, which can further isolate the air and seal, increase the effect of anaerobic fermentation, and reduce the fermentation time. In addition, during the fermentation process, the temperature and humidity in the fermentation tank are controlled by ventilation and water supply through the air supply nozzles and the liquid supply nozzles. When the temperature of the fermentation tank is high, it can be cooled by supplying cold air or cold water.

[0015] When the fermentation is finished, the hydraulic lifting column drives the movable frame to rise and discharge the material through the screw conveyor. Then the movable frame can be disassembled and removed to clean the fermentation tank, which is more flexible to use.

[0016] 4. The middle tube, the gas-liquid tube and the second frame are all sleeve structures and are interconnected. The sleeve structure includes a sleeve and an inner tube. The inner tube is connected to a soft liquid supply hose, and the sleeve is connected to a soft air supply hose. The sleeve and the inner tube are respectively connected to an air supply nozzle and a liquid supply nozzle, which are used to supply liquid or ventilation to the fermentation tank. This structure is simple in design and does not require operations such as digging holes in the side walls of the fermentation tank. The transformation process is simple and convenient for later maintenance.

[0017] 5. The modified system of the present application is used to carry out aerobic and anaerobic fermentation of distiller's grains, and the fermentation time is significantly reduced. The crude protein and amino acid contents in the fermented material are greatly increased, and the crude fiber content is significantly reduced. The protein conversion rate of the fermented material is high and the nutrition is rich. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a movable frame; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connecting structure of the gas-liquid pipe.

[0019] In the figure: 1-fermentation tank, 2-cone bottom, 3-working door, 4-sleeve, 5-discharge port, 6-screw conveyor, 7-frame one, 8-frame two, 9-support rod one, 10-gas-liquid pipe, 11-gas supply nozzle, 12-liquid supply nozzle, 13-through hole, 14-hydraulic lifting column, 15-inner tube, 16-gas supply hose, 17-liquid supply hose, 18-blade, 19-middle tube, 20-support rod two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a wine lees solid fermentation tank reconstruction system, the fermentation tank 1 before the reconstruction has a square cross-section and a conical bottom 2 at the bottom. After the reconstruction, a discharge port 5 is provided at the bottom of the conical bottom 2, the discharge port 5 is equipped with an electric valve, and a screw conveyor 6 is arranged at the bottom of the discharge port 5 to facilitate the transportation of materials.

[0022] A movable frame is arranged in the fermentation tank 1, including a square frame 7, a square frame 8 matching the lower structure of the cone bottom 2 is arranged at the lower part of the frame 7, wherein the frame 1 7 and the frame 2 8 are connected by four struts 19, and the frame 1 7 and the frame 2 8 are connected to the gas-liquid pipe 10 through two intermediate pipes 19, and an air supply nozzle 11 and a liquid supply nozzle 12 are arranged on the gas-liquid pipe 10, which are respectively used for ventilation and liquid supply to the fermentation tank.

[0023] A working door 3 is arranged on the outside of the cone bottom 2 in the middle of the fermentation tank 1, and a hydraulic lifting column 14 is fixed inside. The hydraulic lifting column 14 passes through one end of the side wall of the cone bottom 2 and is fixed to the middle of both sides of the frame 7 to drive the movable frame to move up and down. The specific connection method is: a through hole 13 is arranged in the center of both sides of the frame 7, and the top end of the hydraulic lifting column 14 passes through the through hole 13 to thread a nut.

[0024] The intermediate tube 19, the gas-liquid tube 10 and the frame 2 8 are all sleeve structures and are interconnected. In this application, only the liquid supply nozzle 12 is arranged on the intermediate tube 19 installed on the frame 1 7, while the gas supply nozzle 11 and the liquid supply nozzle 12 are evenly arranged on the gas-liquid tube 10 and the frame 2 8 and the intermediate tube installed on the frame 2. The sleeve structure is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it includes a sleeve 4 and an inner tube 15, the inner tube 15 is connected to a liquid supply hose 17, and water or other liquid components are supplied through a water pump. The sleeve 4 is connected to an air supply hose 16, and the sleeve 4 and the inner tube 15 are respectively connected to an air supply nozzle 11 and a liquid supply nozzle 12, which are used to supply liquid or air to the fermentation tank.

[0025] The two blades 18 are rotatably connected between the side support rods 9. When the hydraulic lifting column 14 drives the movable frame to move upward, the blades 18 will rotate under the interaction between the hydraulic lifting column and the culture medium, loosening the material and increasing the air permeability of the culture medium. A support rod 20 is set between the outer side of the support rod 9 and the inner wall of the fermentation tank 1 to support the movable frame. Example 2

[0026] The method for fermentation using the modified system of Example 1 comprises the following steps: (1) Aerobic fermentation: The ingredients of the wine lees fermentation medium are calculated by weight: 85 parts of wine lees (fresh wine lees dried to a moisture content of 15%), 15 parts of corn flour, and 10 parts of urea; the inoculation amount of the fermentation composite bacterial solution is 12%, wherein the fermentation composite bacterial solution is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis solution (Yihao Biology), Saccharomyces cerevisiae solution, and Bacillus licheniformis solution (Yihao Biology) in a weight ratio of 1:2:2, and the concentration of each bacterial solution is 10 8 CFU / mL.

[0027] Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Beijing Biorepository Center), culture medium: 10 g yeast extract, 25 g peptone, 20 g glucose, 20 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH 6.6-7.0; a single colony of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was picked from the plate and inoculated into 100 mL culture medium, and cultured at 30°C and 160 r / min for 15 h to obtain seed solution, which was diluted to a concentration of 10 8 CFU / mL.

[0028] After sterilizing the wine lees fermentation medium, mix it evenly with the fermentation bacteria, add water to adjust the water content to 35wt%, and transport it to the fermentation tank 1. The air supply hose 16 is ventilated by the air pump (ventilation volume 100ml / min). After fermentation for 3 hours, start the hydraulic lifting column 14 to drive the movable frame to move up to the frame 2 located in the middle of the fermentation tank. At this time, the top of the movable frame is flush with the fermentation tank, and the fermentation is continued for 4 hours. During the fermentation process, the temperature in the fermentation tank 1 is controlled to be 30-40℃ and the humidity is 75-80%; (2) Anaerobic fermentation: After the air supply hose 16 supplies nitrogen for 3 minutes, the liquid supply hose 17 sprays water, and the amount of water sprayed is 2-4% of the total amount of the ingredients of the wine lees fermentation medium. In this embodiment, the amount of water sprayed is 2%. The small amount of water spraying is mainly to reduce the gaps between the culture media and increase the effect of anaerobic fermentation. Then, a film is applied on the top of the fermentation tank 1, and the anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 7 hours. (3) After peeling off the film, unscrew the nut, remove the movable frame from the hydraulic lifting column 14 and move it away, open the discharge port 5, and transport the fermented material to the next link through the screw conveyor 6. Example 3

[0029] The method for fermentation using the modified system of Example 1 comprises the following steps: (1) Aerobic fermentation: The ingredients of the wine lees fermentation medium are calculated by weight: 85 parts of wine lees, 15 parts of corn flour, and 10 parts of urea; the fermentation bacteria are fermentation composite bacterial liquid (inoculation amount 12%), wherein the fermentation composite bacterial liquid is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis liquid (Yihao Biology), Saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid, and Bacillus licheniformis liquid (Yihao Biology) in a weight ratio of 1:2:2, and the concentration of each bacterial liquid is 10 8 CFU / mL.

[0030] Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Beijing Biorepository Center), culture medium: 10 g yeast extract, 25 g peptone, 20 g glucose, 20 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH 6.6-7.0; a single colony of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was picked from the plate and inoculated into 100 mL culture medium, and cultured at 30°C and 160 r / min for 15 h to obtain seed solution, which was diluted to a concentration of 10 8 CFU / mL.

[0031] After sterilizing the wine lees fermentation medium, mix it evenly with the fermentation bacteria, add water to adjust the water content to 45wt%, and transport it to the fermentation tank 1. Ventilate it with the air supply hose 16 (ventilation volume 100ml / min). After fermenting for 4 hours, start the hydraulic lifting column 14 to drive the movable frame to move up to the frame 2 located in the middle of the fermentation tank, and continue fermenting for 4 hours. During the fermentation process, the temperature in the fermentation tank 1 is controlled to be 30-40℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 75-80%; (2) Anaerobic fermentation: After the air supply hose 16 supplies nitrogen for 3 minutes, the liquid supply hose 17 sprays water, and the amount of water sprayed is 2% of the total amount of the wine lees fermentation medium. Then, a film is applied to the top of the fermentation tank 1, and the anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 8 hours. (3) After the film is peeled off, the movable frame is removed, the discharge port 5 is opened, and the fermented material is transported to the next link through the screw conveyor 6.

[0032] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 uses an original fermentation tank for fermentation, which is a square cone bottom fermentation tank, and the wine lees fermentation medium is the same as that of Example 3. The fermentation method is different from that of Example 3 in that: (1) Aerobic fermentation: The vinasse fermentation medium was sterilized and mixed evenly with the fermentation bacteria, water was added to adjust the water content to 45wt%, and the medium was transported to the fermentation tank 1 for fermentation for 24h, with the pile turned once in the middle; (2) Anaerobic fermentation: Anaerobic fermentation is carried out after film covering for 24 hours.

[0033] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 is based on Comparative Example 1, in which the aerobic fermentation time is adjusted to 48 h (turning the compost twice), and the anaerobic fermentation time is also 48 h.

[0034] Performance Testing In Example 2-3 and Comparative Example 1-2, the performance parameters of the wine grains used for fermentation are as follows: crude protein: 16.23%, crude fiber 22.5%, crude fat: 5.1%, and amino acid: 129.115 mg / g.

[0035] The fermented material in Example 2 was dried and tested, with crude protein: 31.5%, crude fiber: 7.6%, crude fat: 8.1%, and amino acid: 172.54 mg / g.

[0036] In Example 3, the fermented material was dried and tested, and the crude protein was 32.6%, the crude fiber was 7.8%, the crude fat was 8.5%, and the amino acid was 181.54 mg / g.

[0037] In Comparative Example 1, the fermented material was dried and tested, with crude protein: 24.5%, crude fiber: 8.6%, crude fat: 7.4%, and amino acid: 160.54 mg / g.

[0038] In Comparative Example 2, the fermented material was dried and tested, with crude protein: 31.2%, crude fiber: 7.0%, crude fat: 8.1%, and amino acid: 176.5 mg / g.

[0039] Combined with the above test data, it can be seen that the fermentation time of Example 2 of the present application is 14 hours, and the fermentation time of Example 3 is 16 hours. The crude protein and amino acid content in Example 3 are increased compared with Example 2, but the increase is not large. Moreover, the fermented materials of Examples 2-3 have no sour taste after drying, have a bad aroma, and are brown. This shows that the modified system of the present application can ferment completely in about 14 hours, and no manual turning operation is required during the fermentation process, and the protein and amino acid content of the fermented material is greatly improved.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 is a comparative example of Example 3, using the original fermentation tank, manual compost turning operation, fermentation time of 48h, the crude protein, crude fat and amino acid content of the fermented material is much less than that of Example 3. The fermentation time of Comparative Example 2 is 96h, and the protein and amino acid content of the fermented material is not much different from that of Example 3. It shows that the modified system of the present application can greatly reduce the fermentation time, has high fermentation efficiency, and reduces the labor cost.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in the field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distiller's grains solid fermentation tank transformation system, characterized in that: It comprises a fermentation tank (1), the bottom of the fermentation tank (1) is a conical bottom (2), a discharge port (5) is arranged at the bottom of the conical bottom (2), and a screw conveyor (6) is arranged at the bottom of the discharge port (5); A movable frame is arranged in the fermentation tank (1), comprising a frame 1 (7), a frame 2 (8) is arranged at the lower part of the frame 1 (7), the frame 1 (7) and the frame 2 (8) are connected via a support rod 1 (9), a gas-liquid pipe (10) is arranged between the frame 1 (7) and the frame 2 (8), and a gas supply nozzle (11) and a liquid supply nozzle (12) are arranged on the gas-liquid pipe (10); Hydraulic lifting columns (14) are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the fermentation tank (1), and one end of the hydraulic lifting column (14) passes through the side wall of the cone bottom (2) and is fixed to the middle of both sides of the frame (7).

2. A process for transforming a distiller's grains solid-state fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working door (3) is provided on the outside of the cone bottom (2) at a middle position of the fermentation tank (1), and the hydraulic lifting column (14) is arranged inside the working door (3).

3. The process for transforming a distiller's grains solid-state fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle parts of the frame 1 (7) and the frame 2 (8) are connected to the gas-liquid pipe (10) through two intermediate pipes (19); the intermediate pipe (19), the gas-liquid pipe (10) and the frame 2 (8) are all sleeve structures and are connected to each other; the sleeve structure comprises a sleeve (4) and an inner pipe (15); the inner pipe (15) is connected to a liquid supply hose (17); the sleeve (4) is connected to an air supply hose (16); and the sleeve (4) and the inner pipe (15) are respectively connected to an air supply nozzle (11) and a liquid supply nozzle (12).

4. The process for transforming a distiller's grains solid-state fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blades (18) are rotatably connected between the side support rods (9).

5. The process for transforming a distiller's grains solid-state fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second support rod (20) is arranged between the outer side of the first support rod (9) and the inner wall of the fermentation tank (1).

6. A method for fermentation using the modified system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Aerobic fermentation: sterilize the wine lees fermentation medium and mix it evenly with the fermentation bacteria, add water to adjust the water content to 35-45wt%, transport it to the fermentation tank (1), ventilate it through the air supply hose (16), and after fermenting for 3-4 hours, start the hydraulic lifting column (14) to drive the movable frame to move up to the frame 2 (8) located in the middle of the fermentation tank (1), and continue fermenting for 3-4 hours. During the fermentation process, the temperature in the fermentation tank (1) is controlled to be 30-40°C and the humidity is controlled to be 75-80%; 2) Anaerobic fermentation: After the air supply hose (16) supplies nitrogen for 1-3 minutes, the liquid supply hose (17) supplies water, and then a film is applied to the top of the fermentation tank (1) for anaerobic fermentation for 6-8 hours; 3) After the film is peeled off, the movable frame is removed, the discharge port (5) is opened, and the fermented material is transported to the next stage through the screw conveyor (6).

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