Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal rock stratum and drilling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for a complex coal rock stratum and a drilling method. The drilling tool comprises a Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit and a Fibonacci drill rod, and the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit is installed at the right end of the Fibonacci drill rod; the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit comprises a drill bit base body and a plurality of cutting edges, the drill bit base body comprises a cylinder part and a fillet part, and the fillet part is arranged at the right end of the cylinder part; the overall radian and the radius of each cutting edge are 21 mm and 34 mm respectively, the radians of the adjacent part of Fibonacci spiral arc lines are the same, and each cutting edge is provided with a diamond compact; a cylindrical inner cavity is formed in the right end of the interior of the cylindrical part, a mounting cavity is formed in the left end of the interior of the cylindrical part, first internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cavity, the right end of the mounting cavity communicates with the cylindrical inner cavity, and a plurality of cylindrical channels are formed in the drill bit base body. The drilling tool is a bionic drilling tool formed by transforming a common drilling tool on the basis of the bionics principle, and the drilling depth and the drilling efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas extraction drilling construction in complex coal rock strata, and specifically relates to a Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool and a drilling method for complex coal rock strata. Background Art

[0002] At present, coal is still the main energy resource in my country. In the face of increasing energy demand, it is necessary to continuously obtain coal resources from deeper depths. As coal is mined deeper and deeper, the structure and characteristics of the coal seams become more complex. Most of them are medium-soft or loose coal seams, and the gas problem is becoming more and more serious. Gas extraction drilling is the most direct and effective means to control the gas problem in coal mines. However, the existing drilling tools and corresponding drilling methods still have the engineering problem of "shallow depth and low efficiency" in the face of complex coal and rock geological conditions, which affects the safe mining of coal mines. Therefore, a Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool and drilling method with strong cutting performance and high drill rod slag removal efficiency for complex coal and rock formations is needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Fibonacci spiral bionic drill tool and drilling method for complex coal and rock formations with strong cutting performance and high drill rod deslagging efficiency. The drill tool of the present application is a bionic drill tool transformed from an ordinary drill tool based on the bionic principle. During drilling construction, the Fibonacci spiral bionic structure of the drill tool is conducive to reducing cutting resistance, improving drilling stability, and improving deslagging effect, thereby increasing drilling depth and drilling efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A Fibonacci spiral bionic drill tool for complex coal and rock formations, comprising a Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit and a Fibonacci drill rod, wherein the Fibonacci drill rod and the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit are both arranged horizontally from left to right, and the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit is installed at the right end of the Fibonacci drill rod; The Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit includes a drill bit base and a plurality of cutting edges. The drill bit base includes a cylindrical portion and a rounded corner portion, and the rounded corner portion is arranged at the right end of the cylindrical portion. The overall curvature of the cutting edge is the same as the curvature of the adjacent Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm, respectively. At least three diamond composite sheets are arranged on each cutting edge. A cylindrical inner cavity arranged horizontally on the left and right sides is provided at the inner right end of the cylindrical part, the left end of the cylindrical inner cavity is cylindrical, and the right end of the cylindrical inner cavity is conical. An installation cavity is provided at the inner left end of the cylindrical part, and the installation cavity is conical in shape, which is wider on the left and narrower on the right. A first internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the right end of the installation cavity is connected to the cylindrical inner cavity. A plurality of cylindrical channels are opened on the drill base, and the cylindrical channels are connected to the cylindrical inner cavity, and the cylindrical channels are arranged between adjacent cutting edges.

[0005] The number of cutting edges is 2 to 4, and the number of diamond composite sheets arranged on each cutting edge is 4.

[0006] The Fibonacci drill rod is a Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod, comprising a drill rod body and a drill rod joint, the drill rod joint is arranged at the right end of the drill rod body, the drill rod joint is conical, the outer surface of the drill rod joint is provided with a first external thread, the first external thread corresponds to the first internal thread, the conical shape of the drill rod joint corresponds to the conical shape of the mounting cavity, so that the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit is installed on the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod through the mounting cavity and the drill rod joint, the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod is provided with a left-right connected fluid channel inside, the fluid channel is connected to the mounting cavity, and a second internal thread portion is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the fluid channel; Four grooves and four spiral grooves are axially arranged on the outer surface of the drill pipe body. The radial section edge lines of the spiral grooves coincide with adjacent parts of the Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm respectively. A bulge is formed between adjacent grooves. The radial section edge line of the spiral groove is located on one side of the bulge and intersects with the vertex on one side of the groove.

[0007] The diameter of the drill rod body is 40-100 mm, the overall effective diameter of the drill bit is 45-120 mm, and the length of the drill rod body is 800-1200 mm; the number of spiral coils of the spiral groove is 5, and the depth of the spiral groove is 2 mm.

[0008] The Fibonacci drill rod is a Fibonacci circular spiral groove drill rod, comprising a drill rod body and a drill rod joint, the drill rod joint is arranged at the right end of the drill rod body, the drill rod joint is conical, the outer surface of the drill rod joint is provided with a first external thread, the first external thread corresponds to the first internal thread, the conical shape of the drill rod joint corresponds to the conical shape of the mounting cavity, so that the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit is installed on the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod through the mounting cavity and the drill rod joint, the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod is provided with a left-right connected fluid channel inside, the fluid channel is connected to the mounting cavity, and a second internal thread portion is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the fluid channel; Four spiral grooves are arranged axially on the outer surface of the drill pipe body, and the radial section edge lines of the spiral grooves coincide with adjacent Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm respectively.

[0009] The drilling method for complex coal and rock formations is implemented based on the Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations, and comprises the following steps: (1) Assembling Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tools for complex coal and rock formations; (2) Install the assembled drilling tools on the drilling rig and start drilling.

[0010] The specific operation process of step (1) is: installing the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit on the right end of the Fibonacci drill rod through the first internal thread on the inner wall of the installation cavity and the first external thread on the outer surface of the drill rod joint, thereby completing the assembly of the drilling tool.

[0011] The specific implementation process of step (2) is as follows: the assembled drill tool is installed on the drilling rig through the second internal threaded part, and the drilling rig is started. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit relies on the propulsion force of the drilling rig to drill the hole. The coal slag generated during the drilling process enters the gap between the Fibonacci four-wing spiral grooved drill rod and the hole wall and is discharged out of the hole, completing the drilling work.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantial features and significant progress. Specifically, the present invention is used for drilling holes in complex coal and rock formations. During drilling, the bionic design of the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit can reduce the cutting resistance of the drill bit, maintain a more stable cutting force, reduce vibration and irregular wear, and improve the cutting efficiency of the drill bit; the drill rod body of the Fibonacci four-wing spiral grooved drill rod is axially provided with a circumferentially evenly spaced array of bionic grooves, so that the slag lifting effect of the Fibonacci spiral grooved drill rod is improved, and the slag discharge space is increased. The Fibonacci spiral grooves on the drill rod body assist in slag lifting and cuttings discharge, so that the chips generated during the cutting process are more effectively brought out of the borehole; therefore, the application of the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill tool can improve the efficiency and quality of drilling as a whole, thereby effectively avoiding gas problems and promoting safe coal mining.

[0013] In summary, the drill tool of the present application is a bionic drill tool transformed from an ordinary drill tool based on the bionic principle. During drilling construction, the Fibonacci spiral bionic structure of the drill tool is conducive to reducing cutting resistance, improving drilling stability, and improving slag removal effect, thereby increasing drilling depth and drilling efficiency. It effectively solves the technical problem that the existing drill tool cannot adapt to complex coal seam drilling, resulting in low drilling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view.

[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Right view of .

[0019] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Left view of .

[0020] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 CC cross-sectional view.

[0022] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 Left view of .

[0023] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool equipped with a Fibonacci cylindrical spiral grooved drill rod.

[0024] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Left view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-9 As shown, the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill tool for complex coal and rock formations includes a Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 and a Fibonacci drill rod. The Fibonacci drill rod and the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 are both arranged horizontally from left to right, and the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 is installed at the right end of the Fibonacci drill rod; The Fibonacci spiral bionic drill 1 comprises a drill base 3 and a plurality of cutting edges 4, wherein the drill base 3 comprises a cylindrical portion 5 and a rounded portion 6, wherein the rounded portion 6 is arranged at the right end of the cylindrical portion 5; the overall curvature of the cutting edge 4 is the same as the curvature of the adjacent Fibonacci spiral arcs having radii of 21 mm and 34 mm, respectively, and each cutting edge 4 is provided with at least three diamond composite sheets 7; The right end of the inner part of the cylindrical part 5 is provided with a cylindrical inner cavity 8 which is arranged horizontally on the left and right sides. The left end of the cylindrical inner cavity 8 is cylindrical, and the right end of the cylindrical inner cavity 8 is conical. The left end of the inner part of the cylindrical part 5 is provided with a mounting cavity, which is a cone with a wide left side and a narrow right side. The inner wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a first internal thread 9, and the right end of the mounting cavity is connected to the cylindrical inner cavity 8. The drill base 3 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical channels 17, which are connected to the cylindrical inner cavity 8, and the cylindrical channels 17 are arranged between adjacent cutting edges 4. The Fibonacci spiral bionic structure of the cutting edge 4 is conducive to a smoother cutting process of the drill bit, helps to evenly distribute the pressure on the drill bit, reduces the cutting resistance, and improves the drilling stability. The Fibonacci spiral bionic knot structure of the drill rod helps to discharge the drill cuttings more effectively and keep the cutting area clean. The number of cutting edges 4 is 2 to 4, and the number of diamond composite sheets 7 arranged on each cutting edge 4 is 4.

[0027] The Fibonacci drill rod is a Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod 2, comprising a drill rod body 10 and a drill rod joint 11, the drill rod joint 11 is arranged at the right end of the drill rod body 10, the drill rod joint 11 is conical, and the outer surface of the drill rod joint 11 is provided with a first external thread 12, the first external thread 12 corresponds to the first internal thread 9, the conical shape of the drill rod joint 11 corresponds to the conical shape of the mounting cavity, so that the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 is installed on the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod 2 through the mounting cavity and the drill rod joint 11, and the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod 2 is provided with a left-right connected fluid channel 13 inside, the fluid channel 13 is connected to the mounting cavity, and a second internal thread portion 14 is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the fluid channel 13; Four grooves 15 and four spiral grooves 16 are axially arranged on the outer surface of the drill pipe body 10. The radial section edge line of the spiral groove 16 coincides with the adjacent parts of the Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm respectively. A bulge is formed between adjacent grooves 15. The radial section edge line of the spiral groove 16 is located on one side of the bulge and intersects with the vertex on one side of the groove 15.

[0028] The diameter of the drill rod body 10 is 40-100 mm, the overall effective diameter of the drill bit is 45-120 mm, and the length of the drill rod body 10 is 800-1200 mm; the number of spiral coils of the spiral groove 16 is 5, and the depth of the spiral groove 16 is 2 mm.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantial features and significant progress. Specifically, the present invention is used for drilling holes in complex coal and rock formations. During drilling, the bionic design of the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 can reduce the cutting resistance of the drill bit, maintain a more stable cutting force, reduce vibration and irregular wear, and improve the cutting efficiency of the drill bit; the drill rod body 10 of the Fibonacci four-wing spiral grooved drill rod 2 is axially provided with a circumferentially evenly spaced array of bionic grooves 15, so that the slag lifting effect of the Fibonacci four-wing spiral grooved drill rod 2 is improved, and the slag discharge space is increased. The Fibonacci spiral grooves 16 on the drill rod body 10 assist in slag lifting and assist in the discharge of drill cuttings, so that the chips generated during the cutting process are more effectively brought out of the borehole; therefore, the application of the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill tool can improve the efficiency and quality of drilling as a whole, thereby effectively avoiding gas problems and promoting safe coal mining.

[0030] In summary, the drill tool of the present application is a bionic drill tool transformed from an ordinary drill tool based on the bionic principle. During drilling construction, the Fibonacci spiral bionic structure of the drill tool is conducive to reducing cutting resistance, improving drilling stability, and improving slag removal effect, thereby increasing drilling depth and drilling efficiency. It effectively solves the technical problem that the existing drill tool cannot adapt to complex coal seam drilling, resulting in low drilling efficiency.

[0031] Embodiment 2 like Figure 10-11 As shown, different from the first embodiment, the Fibonacci drill rod is a Fibonacci circular spiral groove drill rod 18, including a drill rod body 10 and a drill rod joint 11, the drill rod joint 11 is arranged at the right end of the drill rod body 10, the drill rod joint 11 is conical, and the outer surface of the drill rod joint 11 is provided with a first external thread 12, the first external thread 12 corresponds to the first internal thread 9, the conical shape of the drill rod joint 11 corresponds to the conical shape of the mounting cavity, so that the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 is installed on the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod 2 through the mounting cavity and the drill rod joint 11, and the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod 2 is provided with a left-right connected fluid channel 13 inside, the fluid channel 13 is connected to the mounting cavity, and a second internal thread portion 14 is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the fluid channel 13; Four spiral grooves 16 are arranged axially on the outer surface of the drill rod body 10, and the radial section edge line of the spiral groove 16 coincides with the adjacent Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm, respectively. The number of spiral coils of the spiral groove 16 is 5, and the depth of the spiral groove 16 is 2 mm. In the actual production process, the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod 2 can be replaced with the Fibonacci circular spiral groove drill rod 18 according to the actual situation.

[0032] Embodiment 3 The drilling method for complex coal and rock formations is implemented based on the Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations, and comprises the following steps: (1) Assembling Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tools for complex coal and rock formations; (2) Install the assembled drilling tools on the drilling rig and start drilling.

[0033] The specific operation process of step (1) is: the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 is installed on the right end of the Fibonacci drill rod through the first internal thread 9 on the inner wall of the installation cavity and the first external thread 12 on the outer surface of the drill rod joint 11, thereby completing the assembly of the drilling tool.

[0034] The specific implementation process of step (2) is as follows: the assembled drilling tool is installed on the drilling rig through the second internal threaded portion 14, and the drilling rig is started. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit 1 relies on the propulsion force of the drilling rig to drill the hole. The coal slag generated during the drilling process enters the gap between the Fibonacci four-wing spiral grooved drill rod 2 and the hole wall and is discharged out of the hole, completing the drilling work.

[0035] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations is characterized by: It comprises a Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit and a Fibonacci drill rod, the Fibonacci drill rod and the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit are both arranged horizontally from left to right, and the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit is installed at the right end of the Fibonacci drill rod; The Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit includes a drill bit base and a plurality of cutting edges. The drill bit base includes a cylindrical portion and a rounded corner portion, and the rounded corner portion is arranged at the right end of the cylindrical portion. The overall curvature of the cutting edge is the same as the curvature of the adjacent Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm, respectively. At least three diamond composite sheets are arranged on each cutting edge. A cylindrical inner cavity arranged horizontally on the left and right sides is provided at the inner right end of the cylindrical part, the left end of the cylindrical inner cavity is cylindrical, and the right end of the cylindrical inner cavity is conical. An installation cavity is provided at the inner left end of the cylindrical part, and the installation cavity is conical in shape, which is wider on the left and narrower on the right. A first internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the right end of the installation cavity is connected to the cylindrical inner cavity. A plurality of cylindrical channels are opened on the drill base, and the cylindrical channels are connected to the cylindrical inner cavity, and the cylindrical channels are arranged between adjacent cutting edges.

2. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of cutting edges is 2 to 4, and the number of diamond composite sheets arranged on each cutting edge is 4.

3. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The Fibonacci drill rod is a Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod, comprising a drill rod body and a drill rod joint, the drill rod joint is arranged at the right end of the drill rod body, the drill rod joint is conical, the outer surface of the drill rod joint is provided with a first external thread, the first external thread corresponds to the first internal thread, the conical shape of the drill rod joint corresponds to the conical shape of the mounting cavity, so that the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit is installed on the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod through the mounting cavity and the drill rod joint, the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod is provided with a left-right connected fluid channel inside, the fluid channel is connected to the mounting cavity, and a second internal thread portion is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the fluid channel; Four grooves and four spiral grooves are axially arranged on the outer surface of the drill pipe body. The radial section edge lines of the spiral grooves coincide with adjacent parts of the Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm respectively. A bulge is formed between adjacent grooves. The radial section edge line of the spiral groove is located on one side of the bulge and intersects with the vertex on one side of the groove.

4. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations according to claim 3 is characterized by: The diameter of the drill rod body is 40-100 mm, the overall effective diameter of the drill bit is 45-120 mm, and the length of the drill rod body is 800-1200 mm; the number of spiral coils of the spiral groove is 5, and the depth of the spiral groove is 2 mm.

5. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Fibonacci drill rod is a Fibonacci circular spiral groove drill rod, comprising a drill rod body and a drill rod joint, the drill rod joint is arranged at the right end of the drill rod body, the drill rod joint is conical, the outer surface of the drill rod joint is provided with a first external thread, the first external thread corresponds to the first internal thread, the conical shape of the drill rod joint corresponds to the conical shape of the mounting cavity, so that the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit is installed on the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod through the mounting cavity and the drill rod joint, the Fibonacci four-wing spiral groove drill rod is provided with a left-right connected fluid channel inside, the fluid channel is connected to the mounting cavity, and a second internal thread portion is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the fluid channel; Four spiral grooves are arranged axially on the outer surface of the drill pipe body, and the radial section edge lines of the spiral grooves coincide with adjacent Fibonacci spiral arcs with radii of 21 mm and 34 mm respectively.

6. A drilling method for complex coal and rock formations, implemented based on the Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tool for complex coal and rock formations as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Assembling Fibonacci spiral bionic drilling tools for complex coal and rock formations; (2) Install the assembled drilling tools on the drilling rig and start drilling.

7. The drilling method for complex coal and rock formations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific operation process of step (1) is: installing the Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit on the right end of the Fibonacci drill rod through the first internal thread on the inner wall of the installation cavity and the first external thread on the outer surface of the drill rod joint, thereby completing the assembly of the drilling tool.

8. The drilling method for complex coal and rock formations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific implementation process of step (2) is as follows: the assembled drill tool is installed on the drilling rig through the second internal threaded part, and the drilling rig is started. The Fibonacci spiral bionic drill bit relies on the propulsion force of the drilling rig to drill the hole. The coal slag generated during the drilling process enters the gap between the Fibonacci four-wing spiral grooved drill rod and the hole wall and is discharged out of the hole, completing the drilling work.

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